Discrete Random Variable 04 02
- -
25
-
One that can only take a number of countable distinct values such as 0,1,2…
For example, the number of heads or tails when flipping a coin is a discrete random variable.
Number of trials are fixed.
Examples:
1. A coin is tossed three times
2. a die is rolled four times
3. Three balls are drawn at random
Probability distribution table is drawn to find probabilities
Example : A win is tossed 3 times
,
draw a
probability distribution table
for the
number of times head is obtained.
Let X be the number of times needs is obtained X : S 2,
33
n0123 * - set which contains all values
P(Xn] a b c d -> individual values 0, 1 , 2 ...
Note : The Sum of all probabilities of a discrete random variable is .
1
[P(X m) +
= 1
a+ b + c + d = 1
Mean (Expected Value of X Variance How each outcome
: varies
compared to the mean.
"
E(X) =
2n . P(X u)= var(X) = [vP(X n) =
-
(E(X)]
J Mean
Weighted Average Outcome square of1 times
the respective probabilities
Past Paper Questions
-Make a row for"
a + 122333 X =
22 ,
3 4 5
, , , 63
1233444
2344553 n23 456
2344555 P(X n)
=
%36 Y %6 %
3455666
=
n 4 916 25 36
3 455666
3955666
b .
E(X =
En .
P(X ul
=
E(X)
2x1 3xY YN SX T
+ + +
.
2 + +40 +60 +3-18
E(X) =
4
var(x) =
[u x P(x =
u) -
E(x)]2
(4x +
9+ 2 +
3)
Var(X) =
10
9
2
9 + 122 x = 2 -
1 0
, , ! ,
2 , 33
-
2 + 00
o I 22 n +
11023
1233 P(X u)
=
Ya Yo Ya %
n2 11049
b .
E(X) = Ey P(X u)
.
= var (X) =
Em .
P(X n)
=
-
(ELX)]
E(X var(x)
=
Y
1
=
16
3
P(New) P(old) :
3
=
i
New 50cd) or (old news
3 x7 TX 2 GutT
+ +
ii Let X be the number of new Pens
X =
10 2)
,
1,
P(X 0)
=
(od Gold ~ 0 I 2
P(X m) Es Y5 Ys
7
=
-
P(X 2)=
3x efficient approach ·
More
iii ELX) :
3
Y
iP(G)
1P(G) 3
=
=
G G G G
, , , ,
G (xXx3)xSo
i X = [0 ,
1
,
2
,
3 4
, , 5)
P(X %
- I
,
G' G' G' G
, , ,
~
past Disass abst 8879 dans e
0 .
0
(3) :
P(X 1)=
P(X 2)
= P(x 5) =
G G' G' G' Gl G G G, G' G G G G G G
, , , , , , , , , ,
+ ()xS (2x(x 21
(4)
P(X = 3)
" "
123456
111 1111
222222
3123333
↑ 123443
5123 45 S
31 23456
Biased Fair
P(H)
P((t) =
17P(T) 3= =
+P(T) t =
I B F F2 Fz
, ,
TTT All thrown at therefore
X
H " coins are once
different orders to be considered.
7 X X are not
② ⑤
*
I
9 X =3x3
+
000 0
0+
g +q
=
3(p p)
+
p+ p + 0 1 .
+
g g
+ = 1
0 1 +
2q 64 2p 2
+
0 9
.
.
= =
6p 2q 01 ①
- .
2p 29 + = 09 .
*
-
X =
20 ,
1
,
2, 3)
O Heads 3 Heeds
Ta Tig Tc HaHi Ha
x
X =
[ - 1
,
1
,
2
, 33
↓6
<
P(X y k( 12 p(X ) P(2) k(a)
<
k() P(3) k(3)
- -
= = =
= = =
X
-
1 I 2 S
P(X u)
= K K 4k 9k
k+ k + 4k + 9k = 1
15k 1 =
k=
is
B Biased PLH P(T)
: = 06 .
= 04 .
0 6
.
x 0 . 53 =
0 875 . Fair :
P(H) = 0 5 .
PL) = 0 5 .
TT(0x0)x3
a
0 225
.
TTT
0 375
.
B F, E Es
H HTT - 0 6x0
. . 53
TTHH -
0 4x0.
.
53-
THTH -
0 4x0 53 . .
HTTH
-
0 6x 0
. .
53 &
3(0 6x05) + 310 4x8 %9
. .
= 0 375
.
HTI T - 0 6x0 53-
. .
T H HT -
0 4x .
0 . 5 -
0 99
.
Var(X) =
S
us &4 80 G, 29 24
--
0 2 + 01 0 1
p 0
2q p
+
8 4 + +
g
.
=
.
=
.
=
0 60
p q + .
E(X) [x P(u)
=
.
&
04 +0 + 03 1 7
p+ yq
- .
+
.
.
=
p +
yq = 18
"
Var (N =
[u" . PLu) -
[LN] 5 4/
.
&
400
z -
I -
400 In &
E
-
E
↑
P-) + +
-
dP
[
=
D
du
P-800-R X
+
& Xw = 400
2x n 400 P
800 +
&
= =
l = 400
n
P 800K" 78 898
+A
.
70 9 .
dp 800x
#
-
=
+
an
800 +
-
80 nL
Th = 1600
22 = 1600 U= 1600
& A
# 22 6 .
Th =
16 S6 =
100
20 80
,
T2 =
16 Sa = 100
ar = 16 A = 108
= 16 -- 1 -r
80
a = 20
.
r 16 U
,
= ,
v=
y ,
r
20(n 80 (
-
Tn + Tn = That
20x(y)n
+ n 2
-
80(+)n
-
x4 =
-
40 " n -
2
20 x x 4
-1
gn
n+ m + - 2
20 x 4
gn 1
-
yan
3
ym Sh
-
20X - 20x +
sn
-1
43 5
20x42 un
-
(
80
2 x do
1
·S
X
54 80 - 80 = 5
Sn
1
j
-
25
80xS 4
x =
1x(T Th, x yo .
The
yh-2
jan
-
<x in =
The
#On 6x3 +
18
-
4 xyn-
13
- 2
in
o
in : 80
=
20x4" -80
20x4" + 88
yn -
-
80 x 20 n: /
80 x41
80-28
Y