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TR Command Guide

The 'tr' command in Linux is used to translate, delete, or squeeze characters from standard input. It can replace characters, convert case, delete specific characters, and manipulate text in various ways, often in combination with other commands. Key features include its operation on characters rather than words and its frequent use with pipes.

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4 views2 pages

TR Command Guide

The 'tr' command in Linux is used to translate, delete, or squeeze characters from standard input. It can replace characters, convert case, delete specific characters, and manipulate text in various ways, often in combination with other commands. Key features include its operation on characters rather than words and its frequent use with pipes.

Uploaded by

shivmk3705
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Linux 'tr' Command – Detailed Guide

Introduction

The 'tr' command stands for translate or transform. It is used to modify text from standard input
(stdin) by replacing, deleting, or squeezing characters.

Syntax

Basic syntax of tr command:

tr [options] 'set1' 'set2'

Example 1: Replace Characters

Replace all occurrences of one character with another.

echo "hello world" | tr 'o' '0'

Example 2: Convert Lowercase to Uppercase

Convert all lowercase letters to uppercase.

echo "linux" | tr 'a-z' 'A-Z'

Example 3: Convert Uppercase to Lowercase

Convert uppercase letters to lowercase.

echo "HELLO" | tr 'A-Z' 'a-z'

Example 4: Delete Characters (-d)

Remove specific characters from input.

echo "hello123" | tr -d '0-9'

Example 5: Replace Spaces with New Lines

Convert spaces into new lines (useful in pipelines).

echo "this is linux" | tr ' ' '\n'


Example 6: Remove Repeated Characters (-s)

Squeeze repeated characters into a single occurrence.

echo "heyyy" | tr -s 'y'

Real World Pipeline Example

Break words, sort them, and count frequency.

tr ' ' '\n' < [Link] | sort | uniq -c

Key Points

- Works on characters, not words. - Uses standard input (stdin). - Commonly used with pipes. - Very
useful with sort and uniq.

Definition (For Exams)

The 'tr' command is used to translate, delete, or squeeze characters from standard input.

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