WRITING TASK 1
A. Tiêu chí chấm điểm của writing task 1:
Task Achievement (Khả năng hoàn thiện yêu cầu bài thi và phân tích đề bài tốt)
Coherence and Cohesion (Thể hiện sự mạch lạc, gắn kết các câu trong đoạn văn)
Lexical Resource (Vốn từ sáng tạo)
Grammatical Range and Accuracy (Độ chính xác và đa dạng của ngữ pháp)
B. Cấu trúc một bài IELTS Writing Task 1 sẽ gồm 3 phần chính:
Phần 1: Introduction (Mở bài)
=> 1 câu – paraphrase lại đề bài
Phần 2: Overall (Tổng quan)
=> khoảng 2 câu – nêu những đặc điểm nổi bật nhất trong bài, tập trung vào xu hướng
chung
Highest/lowest figures (always highest/lowest, first year, final year)
Main trends (upwards, downwards, unchanging
Most dramatic changes/ differences
Phần 3: Body (Thân bài) – 2,3 đoạn tùy vào từng bài
=> Không liệt kê toàn bộ số liệu mà cần chọn lọc và so sánh các số liệu với nhau
C. Vocabulary
1. INTRODUCTION
Article Graph type Verb (s) Object Others
The Pie Show The number of In +
The given chart Illustrate The figure for number +
The Bar Present The percentage of countries/
demonstrated chart Compare The proportion of areas
The Diagram Give The ratio of In + name
presented Table information The amount of the
The supplied Map on The developments countries/
The shown Process Demonstrates The comparison of areas
The provided Describes The differences From
Represents The changes [year] to
Provide The ratio of [10 years
Indicate The trend of later]
Summarize How the Over the
Depict The information period of
Compare on 10 years
The data on During the
10 - year
time
frame
2. OVERVIEW
In general...
Overall,...
It is obvious/ clear that...
As can be seen that...
An overall trend can be seen is that...
It can be clearly seen that...
At the first glance, it is clear...
It is clearly presented that...
A glance at the graphs reveals that…
3. BODY
* Miêu tả xu hướng
Xu hướng Danh từ Động từ
Xu hướng tăng A rise Rise
A growth Grow
An increase Increase
A climb Climb
An upward trend Go up
A jump Uplift
A leap Rocket
Soar
Move upward
Improve
Jump
Xu hướng giảm A drop Drop
A fall Fall
A decrease Decrease
A decline Decline
Reduce
Go down
Xu hướng ổn định A steadiness Remain steady
A plateau Plateau
A stability Remain stable
Xu hướng giao động A fluctuation Fluctuate
Variation Vary
Đạt mức cao nhất A peak Peak at
Highest point To reach a peak of
Đạt mức thấp nhất Lowest point Hit a low point
Hit a trough
Hit the lowest
*Miêu tả tốc độ thay đổi
Tốc độ thay đổi Tính từ Trạng từ
Nhanh Dramatic Dramatically
Significant Tremendously
Rapid Significantly
Considerable Rapidly
Sharp Considerably
Enormous Sharply
Remarkable Suddenly
Steeply
Enormously
Remarkably
Trung bình Noticeable Noticeably
Marked Markedly
Moderate Moderately
Chậm Steady Steadily
Gradual Gradually
Moderate Moderately
Consistent Consistently
Slight
Slow
Marginal
Lưu ý các giới từ:
* At: chỉ số liệu tại mức nào (thường đi cùng động từ đăng trước)
- The unemployment rate was at 5% in 2000
- The percentage of foreign visitors to Vietnam remained stable at 30% in 2015
- The amount of electricity produced peaked at 10,000 units in 2000
* Of: chỉ số liệu tại mức nào (thường đi cùng danh từ đằng trước)
- The amount of electricity produced reached a peak of 10,000 units in 2000.
* To: thường dùng để nói tăng/giảm đến mức nào
- The number of foreign visitors increased to 10,000 after 2 years
- There was an increase to 10,000 in the number of foreign students after 2 years
* By: để chỉ sự chênh lệch số liệu
- The number of passengers dropped by 100. (Số lượng hành khách giảm 100 người)
(Số lượng hành khách ở năm 2020 là 400, số lượng hành khách ở năm 2023 là 300 => giảm 100
người)
D. Structures (Các cấu trúc)
Câu mẫu: University students who are graduated increased substantially to 2000 in 2010.
1. Subject + Verb + Adverb + Number + Time period
The number of students graduated from
universities (subject) increased (verb) substantially (adverb) to 2000 (number) in 2010 (time
period).
2. There+ be+ a/an + Adjective + noun + of number + in + “what” + Time period
There was a substantial (adjective) rise (noun) of 2000 (number) in the number of
students (what) graduated from universities in 2010
3. Subject + experienced/ saw/ witnessed + a/an + adjective + noun + of number+ time
period
The number of students graduated from universities (subject) experienced a
substantial (adjective) increase (noun) of 2000 (number) in 2010 (time period).
4. A/an + adjective + noun + of number + was seen + in subject + time period
A significant (adjective) growth (noun) of 2000 (number) was seen in the number of students
graduated from universities (noun) in 2010.
5. While the + number of/ amount of/ proportion of/ figure for A decreased/ increased,
there was/ were + (a) increase/decreased in the + number of/ amount of/ proportion of/
figure for A/B/C
(Dùng while đầu câu khi muốn so sánh số liệu)
BÀI MẪU LINE CHART
OUTLINE
OVERVIEW
- The proportion of the population who used the Internet increased in each country over the period shown
- A much larger percentage of Canadians and Americans had access to the Internet in comparison with
Mexicans, and Canada experienced the fastest growth in Internet usage.
BODY 1: 1999 - 2005 - The figures for all four sectors from 1999 - 2005 (all figures rose in different
degrees)
BODY 2: 2009 - The figures for all three countries in the year 1999 and 2005 - The figures for all three
countries in the year 2009 (the percentage of Internet users was highest in Canada)
The line graph compares the percentage of people 1. A much larger percentage of X and Y had
in three countries who used the Internet between access to the Internet in comparison with Z.
1999 and 2009. It is clear that the proportion of
the population who used the Internet increased in 2. X experienced the fastest growth in Internet
each country over the period shown. Overall, a usage.
much larger percentage of Canadians and
Americans had access to the Internet in 3. The figures for X and Y……. were lower, at
comparison with Mexicans (1), and Canada X1 …….and Y1……..respectively.
experienced the fastest growth (2) in Internet
usage. In 1999, the proportion of people using the 4. In 2005, X ………rose to X1 ………of the
Internet in the USA was about 20%. The figures population, while the figure for Y …….reached
for Canada and Mexico were lower, at about 10% Y1…………. .
and 5% respectively (3) . In 2005, Internet usage
in both the USA and Canada rose to around 70% 5. X=X1, compared to Y1 of Y and Z1of Z
of the population, while the figure for Mexico
reached just over 25%. (4) By 2009, the
percentage of Internet users was highest in
Canada. Almost 100% of Canadians used the
Internet, compared to about 80% of Americans
and only 40% of Mexicans. (5)
The graph below shows UK acid rain emissions, measured in millions of tones, from four different
sectors between 1990 and 2007.
The line graph compares four sectors in terms of 1. The most dramatic increase was seen in X (and
the amount of acid rain emissions that they Y) 2. X was responsible for about X1, while Y
produced over a period of 17 years in the UK. It is produced around Y1 3. While X fell gradually, Y
clear that the total amount of acid rain emissions saw a small increase in …, reaching a peak of
in the UK fell considerably between 1990 and …….tones in 2005.
2007. the most dramatic increase was seen (1) in
the electricity, gas and water supply sector. In
1990, around 3.3 million tons of acid rain
emissions came from the electricity, gas and water
sector. The transport and communication sector
was responsible for about 0.7 million tons of
emissions, while the domestic sector produced
around 0.6 million tons(2). Just over 2 million
tons of acid rain gases came from other industries.
Emissions from electricity, gas and water supply
fell dramatically to only 0.5 million tones in 2007,
a drop of* almost 3 million tones. While acid rain
gases from the domestic sector and other
industries fell gradually , the transport sector saw
a small increase in emissions, reaching a peak of 1
million tones in 2005 (3)
TỪ VỰNG CHO PIE CHART
Từ vựng Meaning Ví dụ
Account for/take up/ make X chiếm (đóng góp) bao The number of smartphone
up /consist of /include nhiêu % users in 2022 accounts
/comprise/ contribute/ for about 56% of the total
/constitute + number or number of people nationwide
percentage
Account for a bigger (or Có nhiều hơn hoặc ít hơn thị This emotion of
smaller) share/ Make up a phần/số lượng so với cái surprise accounts for a bigger
bigger (or smaller) proportion khác. share than other emotions
with 24.9%
Take up the remaining X% Đóng góp hoặc chiếm phần Transport takes up the
trăm còn lại, dùng để diễn tả remaining 10% of the UAE’s
đối tượng dữ liệu cuối cùng. overall budget
Continue to be the major + Tiếp tục dẫn vị trí đầu. Japan continues to be the
Noun major producer in output of
(producer/company/country… clothing production
)
Bài mẫu:
The pie charts compare the expenditure of a - expenditure = the act of spending or using
school in the UK in three different years over money; an amount of money spent: chi tiêu
a 20-year period. - made up the largest proportion of: chiếm tỷ
It is clear that teachers’ salaries made up the trọng lớn nhất
largest proportion of the school’s spending in - The proportion of spending on ...: Tỷ trọng
all three years (1981, 1991 and 2001). By chi tiêu cho ...
contrast, insurance was the smallest cost in mức cao nhất
each year.
In 1981, 40% of the school’s budget went on
teachers’ salaries. This figure rose to 50% in
1991, but fell again by 5% in 2001. The
proportion of spending on other workers’
wages fell steadily over the 20-year period,
from 28% of the budget in 1981 to only 15%
in 2001.
Expenditure on insurance stood at only 2% of
the total in 1981, but reached 8% in 2001.
Finally, the percentages for resources and
furniture/equipment fluctuated. The figure for
resources was highest in 1991, at 20%, and
the proportion of spending on furniture and
equipment reached its peak in 2001, at 23%.