Welcome to week 5
Lesson
Facilitator: Mr. Bii
Mapping and functions
Definitions:-
► Given
that �� and �� are non-empty sets if there is
an operation which associates every element
������ with a unique element ������, such
operation is called mapping
► The set �� is called the domain, while the set �� is called
the co-domain. The element ������ is called the image
of ������.
►A subset of �� which is a collections of the images of
the elements of X is called the range led t
► This is denoted b: �� ⟶ �� or ��: �� ⟶ �� or �� �� =
��h
►A function is a mapping whose co-domain is the set of real
numbers image
Representation of Mapping
A mapping diagram consists of two parallel columns. The
first column represents the domain of a function f , and the
other column for its range.
Lines or arrows are drawn from domain to range, to represent
the relation between any two elements.
Types of Mappings
One-to-one (Injective) mapping
► If every element in �� is mapped to a unique element in ��. In other words
no element of �� is mapped to by two or more elements of ��.
Onto (Surjective)
► �� is onto (surjective) if every element of �� is mapped to by some elements
in ��. In other words no element of �� is left out
Bijective
► �� is bijective if it is both one-to-one and onto
Many-to-one mapping
► If the element(s) in range that have mapped more than one element in the
domain
One-to-many mapping
► If one element in the domain mapped with more then one element in the
range
Zeros of a function
► The zeros of a function are the elements of the domain
whose images in the codomain are equal to zero
Problems
a) of real numberDraw a mapping diagram for the function �� �� = 2��3 +
3 in the set s (4 marks)
b) If �� �� = ��3 − 2��2 + 3�� − 5 is a mapping defined on the set of real
numbers, find:- ��(−1), ��(1), ��(2) (3 marks)
c) Determine the range of R of the function ��: �� ⟶ 3�� + 2, if �� = −2,
−1, 0, 1, 2 is the domain of the function defined by �� (3 marks)
d) Determine the domain D of the function ℎ: �� ⟶ ��2 + 2, if �� = 3, 6, 11 is
the range and ℎ is defined on ��
e) Given that ��: �� ⟶ ��2 + ���� + �� is a mapping defined on the set
of real numbers. If �� 1 = 2, and �� −1 = 6, find the values of �� and
�� (4 marks)
f) Determine the zeros of the functions defined by: �� �� = 2�� + 5 (2
marks), �� �� = ��2 − 2�� (2 marks), �� �� = ��2 − 5�� + 6 (3
marks)
Composition of a function