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Algorithm and Flowchart

Algorithm :- A step-by-step process or set of instructions to solve any problem is called an

algorithm.

Examples of Problems :- Real-life Problem, Programming Problem, Mathematical Problem, Data

Science Problem.

Real-life Problem:

 Making a cup of tea

 Following a recipe to cook food

 Finding the fastest route to school or office

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Algorithm: Making a Cup of Tea

Step 1: Take a container (kettle or pan).

Step 2: Add water to the container.

Step 3: Add milk to the container (optional, as per taste).

Step 4: Place the container on gas or stove and turn it on.

Step 5: Add sugar (optional) into the container.

Step 6: Add tea leaves or tea bag into the container.

Step 7: Let the mixture boil for 3–5 minutes.

Step 8: Turn off the gas/stove.

Step 9: Pour the tea into a cup using a strainer (if using tea leaves).

Step 10: Serve hot.

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Programming Problem:

 Sorting a list of numbers

 Searching for a word in a text
 Creating a login system for a website

Some simple Algorithm for practice :-

Algorithm: Adding Two Numbers

Step 1: Declare containers a, b, c.

Step 2: Input a = 12, b = 5.
Step 3: Compute c = a + b.
Step 4: Display c.

Algorithm: Subtracting Two Numbers

Step 1: Declare containers a, b, c.

Step 2: Input a = 12, b = 5.

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Step 3: Compute c = a - b.
Step 4: Display c.

Algorithm: Area of a Rectangle

Step 1: Declare containers length, width, area.

Step 2: Input length and width.
Step 3: Compute area = length × width.
Step 4: Display area.

Algorithm: Area of a Circle

Step 1: Declare containers radius, area.

Step 2: Input radius.
Step 3: Compute area = 3.141 × radius × radius.
Step 4: Display area.

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Address : 2nd Floor , Near KFC , Tower Square , Bhawarkua , Indore
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Here’s a list of practice algorithm questions only:-

1. Find the sum of two numbers.

2. Find the difference of two numbers.

3. Find the product of two numbers.

4. Find the area of a triangle.

5. Find the area of a square.

6. Calculate square of a number.

7. Calculate cube of a number.

8. Calculate simple interest.

breakdown of an algorithm into four main parts :-

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1️⃣ Input

 Definition: Input is the data or values provided to the algorithm, usually by the user.
 Example: Numbers, text, or decimal values that the user enters.
o Example values: 12 (integer), 45.67 (decimal), "Indore" (string/text)

2️⃣ Operation

 Definition: Operations are the steps or calculations performed on the input to process it.
 Example: Adding two numbers, calculating area, squaring a number, or converting units.

3️⃣ Control Flow

 Definition: Control flow determines the order in which operations are executed and may
include decisions or loops.

4️⃣ Output

 Definition: Output is the result produced by the algorithm after processing the input.
 Example: Displaying the sum, area, result, or message to the user.
o Examples: 57 (sum of 12 + 45), 78.5 (area of rectangle), "Hello, Indore!"

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Algorithm: Check Voter Eligibility

Step 1: Declare container age.

Step 2: Input age = 25.
Step 3: Condition → Check if (age >= 18).
Step 4: If condition is true, print "Eligible to vote".
Step 5: If condition is false, print "Not eligible to vote".

Algorithm: Check Positive or Negative Number

Step 1: Declare container number.

Step 2: Input number = -7.
Step 3: Condition → Check if (number >= 0).
Step 4: If the condition (number >= 0) is true, then print "The number is Positive".
Step 5: If the condition (number >= 0) is false, then print "The number is Negative".

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Flowchart :- A flowchart is a graphical, diagrammatic, or block representation of a

programming problem or an algorithm.

Some shapes which is used to make flowchart :-

1. Oval / Ellipse – Start / End

Purpose: Shows the beginning and ending of a process or algorithm.

Start Stop

2. Parallelogram – Input / Output

Purpose: Used for taking input from the user or displaying output.

Input Output

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3. Rectangle – Process / Operation

Purpose: Represents a step, calculation, or action (like addition, assignment).

Operation C=A+B

4. Diamond – Decision / Condition

Purpose: Used for conditions or yes/no decisions.

Condition age>=18

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5. Arrow – Flow Direction

Purpose: Shows the order of steps or the flow of control.

6. Connector (Circle) – Connector / Jump

Purpose: Used to connect different parts of a flowchart when space is limited.

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Some Flowchart Example:-

Check Voter Eligibility :-

Start

declaire age

age=12

true false
“eligible” age>=18 “not eligible”

Stop

Contact :- 8085896740 @ hello_world_institute Hello World Institute

Address : 2nd Floor , Near KFC , Tower Square , Bhawarkua , Indore