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Introduction To Unix Shell Scripting

The document provides an introduction to Unix shell scripting, highlighting its utility for automating tasks in Unix-like operating systems. It outlines the steps for creating and running a Bash script, including syntax for variables, arithmetic expressions, user input, conditional statements, and loops. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of shell scripting for enhancing productivity and task management.

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15 views2 pages

Introduction To Unix Shell Scripting

The document provides an introduction to Unix shell scripting, highlighting its utility for automating tasks in Unix-like operating systems. It outlines the steps for creating and running a Bash script, including syntax for variables, arithmetic expressions, user input, conditional statements, and loops. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of shell scripting for enhancing productivity and task management.

Uploaded by

Latha
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Introduction to Unix Shell Scripting

Shell scripting is a powerful tool for automating tasks in Unix-like operating systems. It allows
users to write a sequence of commands in a file and execute them as a script, saving time and
effort by avoiding repetitive command execution. Shell scripts can perform various tasks such as
file manipulation, program execution, and text printing.

Creating and Running a Bash Script

To create a bash script, follow these steps:


 Create a file: Use the touch command to create a new file with a .sh extension.
touch hello_world.sh

 Add the shebang: The first line of the script should be the shebang ( #! ) followed by the path
to the bash interpreter.
#! /bin/bash

 Write commands: Add the commands you want to execute. For example, to print "Hello
World":
echo "Hello World"

 Make the script executable: Use the chmod command to give execution rights to the script.
chmod u+x hello_world.sh

 Run the script: Execute the script using one of the following commands:
./hello_world.sh
bash hello_world.sh

Basic Syntax and Operations

Variables
Variables in bash are defined using the syntax variable_name=value . To access the value
of a variable, prefix it with $ .
#!/bin/bash
greeting="Hello"
name="Tux"
echo $greeting $name

Arithmetic Expressions

Bash supports basic arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division,
exponentiation, and modulus.
#!/bin/bash
var=$((3 + 9))
echo $var

User Input
To read user input, use the read command.
#!/bin/bash
read -p "Enter your age: " age
echo "Your age is $age"
Conditional Statements

Conditional statements allow you to execute commands based on certain conditions.


#!/bin/bash
read -p "Enter a number: " x
read -p "Enter another number: " y

if [ $x -gt $y ]; then
echo "X is greater than Y"
elif [ $x -lt $y ]; then
echo "X is less than Y"
else
echo "X is equal to Y"
fi

Loops

Loops allow you to execute commands repeatedly.


#!/bin/bash
for i in {1..5}; do
echo $i
done

Reading Files
You can read a file line by line using a while loop.
#!/bin/bash
LINE=1
while read -r CURRENT_LINE; do
echo "$LINE: $CURRENT_LINE"
((LINE++))
done < "sample_file.txt"

Finding Existing Scripts


Use the find command to locate scripts in the system.
find . -type f -name "*.sh"

Shell scripting is an essential skill for automating tasks and improving productivity in Unix-like
systems. By mastering the basics of shell scripting, you can create powerful scripts to handle

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