Title: Local climate-change impacts: a combined survey and physical-measurement study at
MARAM KHULLEN.
Coordinator: Dr. Widinibou Associate Professor
Research Representatives: Daihe Atheo Krichena, Dangshawa Kojem Maring, Gelex
Wahengbam and 11 other members.
Group name: ClimaPhys
Email: - Dbcmaramproject@[Link]
Abstract
Climate change, largely driven by greenhouse gas emissions and deforestation, is a global
challenge with specific local manifestations. Its effects include altered rainfall, rising
temperatures, and growing risks to agriculture, water, and health.
This study focuses on Maram Khullen, a culturally significant village in Senapati district,
Manipur, to assess local climate variability. The research integrates three approaches:
instrumental observations, historical datasets, and community surveys.
Continuous monitoring of temperature, humidity, rainfall, and soil moisture is paired with
meteorological records for trend analysis. Structured questionnaires and key informant
interviews document community perceptions of environmental change and its impacts on
farming, water availability, and well-being.
By correlating measured changes with lived experiences, the study highlights local impacts
of climate change and proposes adaptation strategies such as crop diversification, soil
conservation, and improved water management.
TOPIC-Local climate-change impacts: a combined survey and physical-measurement study at
MARAM KHULLEN.
Aim: To assess recent local CLIMATE change signals and community-perceived impacts in
MARAM by combining instrumental observations, historical data, and a structured
community survey.
Introduction of the Climatic Change
Climate change has emerged as one of the most critical challenges of our time, posing
significant threats to the natural systems, human societies, and global development. It refers
to long-term shifts in temperature, weather patterns, and atmospheric conditions, primarily
driven by human activities such as the burning of fossils fuel, industrialization, urbanization
and deforestation. The excessive release of greenhouse gases including carbon dioxide,
methane and nitrous oxide, traps heat in the atmosphere, leading to a phenomenon known
as global warming. This warning trends has far-reaching consequences, disrupting
ecosystems, economies and public health worldwide.
The impacts of climate change are increasingly visible. Rising global temperatures have
accelerated the melting of glaciers and polar ice caps, contributing to sea-level rise and
threating coastal communities. Extreme weather events such as heatwaves, floods,
hurricanes, and prolonged droughts have become more frequent and severe, causing loss of
life, displacement of population and extensive economics damage. Biodiversity is also under
threat, with many species facing extinction due to habitat loss and changing environmental
conditions. Furthermore, climate change exacerbates existing inequalities as vulnerable
populates in developing regions are disproportionately affected despite contributing the
least to the problem.
Objective of the Study
This paper develops a study on the climate change which is a progressively acknowledge as
an event with local signs and impacts specific to different communities. This research
investigates area-specific change of expressions of climate variations and shifts in MARAM
KHULLEN (optional NEW MARAM) through the union of measured data, historical data and
insights from local residents. The primary objective is to detect contemporary signs of local
climate alterations and evaluate their recognition and influence within the community.
Importance of the Study for the Community
We have chosen the site location as MARAM KHULLEN due to the a historically and culturally
significant village in the Senapati district of Manipur, India, known as one of the oldest and
largest settlements of the Maram Naga tribe. The village is a centre for preserving ancestral
traditions and culture not only that the climatic conditions of the place which is pleasant and
temperate. Being one of the oldest village in the district it would help us in surveying with
the project in documenting and quantifying the community perception of climate change
variability and change (temperature, rainfall, crops, water and health) through structured
survey.
Project Activities and Methodology
The methodology combines three mutually reinforcing strategies that integrates both
quantitative and qualitative techniques to asses climate-related impacts (e.g., crop yield,
water availability) and propose adaptive strategies for the local community. Initially, ongoing
measurements of temperature, humidity, and precipitation to be conducted over [N weeks
and months], featuring daily entries on detailed data sets. This record is to be evaluated with
the standard datasets from the meteorological department (analysis of data through
statistical/numerical modelling) and satellite reanalysis making it possible to spot the
noticeable changes from the usual patterns. Next, a systematic questionnaire targeting
families enlarge by discussions with influential community figures, capturing local views on
the evolving environmental patterns, particularly regarding the climate variability, heat
fluctuations, modified cycles, extreme weather events and access to water which are
perceiving impacts on agriculture, water availability, and livelihoods and also to the existing
and traditional adaptation strategies. Finally, numerical and narrative outcomes were jointly
evaluated to uncover connections between observed weather shift and described effects on
daily life. Survey responses will be analyzed using the “Likert scale” to quantify perceptions
and attitudes on various aspects of climate impacts and adaptation. This will help in
converting qualitative insights into measurable data for statistical analysis.
INSTRUMENTAL BUDGET AND DESCRIPTION
Sl. No. Instruments Description Quantity Budget (₹)
To measure the
Digital
temperature of the
thermometer/data (24,3258*2)
1. environment at 2
logger (hobo ux100- = 48,325 Rs
regular interval of
011m)
time
To measure the
Hygrometer (testo 608- (21,572*2)
2. humidity of the air 2
h2) = 43,144 Rs
moisture, contain
To measure the wind
Anemometer (fluke 925 (17,628*2)
3. speed and direction 2
vane anemometer) = 35,256 Rs
to area
Soil moisture sensor To measure the soil
(Hasthip® 5 in 1 soil moisture, contain to (1,580*2)
4. 2
meter dual probes soil see the agricultural = 3,160 Rs
meter) impact
Air quality sensor To measure the heat (6,000*2)
5. (atmolyzer air quality related smoke if 2 = 12,000 Rs.
monitor) relevant
6. Camera D7500 To capture the report 1 Rs. 71,950
of the survey and
interview of the
villager’s perception
Travelling and
7. - - Rs. 51,165
contingency fund
Total Rs. 2,65,000
Survey of the Community Observation
With the preliminary analysis we will be able indicate that the community observations
match with the environmental changes, specially concerning rising temperature inordinate
and unpredictable rainfalls. Through this study highlighting the value of integrating scientific
data and local knowledge. By connecting the climate data with live experience, the study
offers a detailed perspective on how global climate change impacts local environments.
Expected Outcome/Community Benefits
The finds are expected to inform locally relevant adaptation options stepping for the local
community ranging from improve water management, soil conservation, importance of
trees in the raging climate change. This study underscores the importance of integrating
instrumental records with participatory approaches to better understand the ranging
impacts of climate change and promote stronger local response.
6-month timeline planning
Month 1-perparation
Finalize Research design, Identify story tellers, Preparation for first round interview,
Ordering of Instruments.
Month 2-Collection Phase I
Instruments Deployment, Data recording, Fieldwork, Recording.
Month 3-Collection Phase II
Monitoring, continue interviews,
Month 4-Analysis Phase I
Data analysis phase I: Trends and perception correlation, meteorological data
analysis, categorize.
Month 5-Analysis Phase II
Deep analysis, community feedbacks and adaptation design
Month 6-Reporting and Finalization
Final report, accuracy, survey analysis, editing, printing, and thesis.
Monthly planning of the Budget of 5 lakhs
Instrumental budget in the Instrumental Budget and Description
Sl. No. Category Budget (₹)
1. Instrument setup and deployment (Installation Materials, Rs. 20,000
Calibration & Testing, Battery / Power Setup, Minor Accessories)
2. Field Survey / Data Collection (Travel / Transport, Survey Printing Rs. 40,000
/ Materials, Key Informant Interviews, Data Recording / Backup)
3. Contingency / Miscellaneous (Unexpected Repairs / Rs. 15,000
Replacement, Miscellaneous)
4. Instrument Monitoring & Maintenance (Daily/Weekly
Instrument Checks, Minor Maintenance, Data Download / Rs. 15,000
Backup)
5. Key Informant Interviews (Identify Key Informants, Conduct
Rs. 20,000
Interviews, Record and Transcribe)
6. Survey Data QA & Analysis (Check Survey Responses, Enter Data Rs. 15,000
into Software, Preliminary Data Analysis)
7. Contingency / Miscellaneous Rs. 5,000
8. Instrumental Data Analysis (Data Cleaning & Preprocessing,
Statistical Analysis, Historical data from Meteorological Dept. of Rs. 15,000
INDIA)
9. Survey & Perception Correlation (Visual Representation,
Rs. 10,000
Correlation Analysis, Organize Survey Data)
10. Report Preparation (Draft Mid-Term Technical Memo, Create
Rs. 10,000
Data Tables & Plots)
11. Contingency / Miscellaneous (Software / Minor Tools,
Rs. 5,000
Miscellaneous)
12. Deep Statistical Analysis (Perform advanced statistical tests
linking survey observations and instrument data, identify critical
thresholds or patterns affecting agriculture, water, and health, Rs. 12,000
Summarize findings in tables and graphs for easy interpretation.
)
13. Community Feedback & Adaptation Design (Prepare draft
Rs. 15,000
adaptation strategies based on findings)
14. Draft Final Report Outline (Compile analysis results and
community feedback into a draft report outline
Include:
Data trends and correlations Rs. 5,000
Perceived impacts vs measured changes
Proposed adaptation strategies)
15. Contingency / Miscellaneous Rs. 3,000
16. Final Report Preparation (Executive summary, Methodology,
Results (instrumental data trends, survey analysis, correlations),
Maps and graphs, Adaptation recommendations based on Rs. 12,000
community feedback, Review and edit for clarity, accuracy, and
consistency)
17. Community Dissemination Workshop Rs. 12,000
18. Final Accounting & Project Closure (Document final expenditures
and reconcile with budget, Backup all project data (instrumental
Rs. 6,000
data, survey responses, photographs, workshop recordings),
Prepare project closure notes and lessons learned)
Total Rs. 5,00,000
Keywords: Local climate change, community perception, instrumental observation, historical
analysis of datasets, adaptation strategies.
About the Researchers and the members
“My name is Gelex Wahengbam, I am a 7th-semester undergraduate student in Physics with
a strong academic interest in electrodynamics, Quantum physics, and climate-related
research. I am highly motivated to apply my physics background to study local climate
change impacts, using both theoretical understanding and field-based approaches. My long-
term goal is to pursue postgraduate research in physics and contribute to developing
scientific solutions for environmental sustainability.”
“My name is Daihe Atheo Krichena, I am an undergraduate student in Physics, presently in
my 7th semester. My research interests lie at the intersection of physical sciences and
environmental studies, particularly in the context of climate change impacts. I see this study
proposal as an opportunity to deepen my skills and prepare for future postgraduate research
that can address pressing scientific and societal needs.”
“My name is Dangshawa Kojem Maring, I am currently pursuing my undergraduate studies in
Physics. I am motivated to apply my knowledge background to investigate how climate
change manifests at the local level, combining scientific measurement with community-
based approaches. This proposal reflects both my academic preparation and my aspiration
to contribute meaningfully to climate-resilient development.”
Our group consist of 14 members of our class (current 7th semester PHYSICS)
Sl. Names Age Gender Email
No.
1. Asakho 21 Male @[Link]
2. Daihe Atheo 21 Male krichenaatheo@[Link]
Krichena
3. Dangshawa Kojem 21 Male maringkojem@[Link]
Maring
4. Gelex Wahengbam 21 Male wahengbamgelex@[Link]
5. [Link] 21 Male @[Link]
6. Kaisii Hriiyio Eshena 21 Male @[Link]
7. Mavei Bartholomew 21 Male @[Link]
Rona
8. Medowelhi Wezah 21 Male @[Link]
9. Ng Rakovei 21 Male @[Link]
[Link] Zingyo 21 Male @[Link]
[Link] Richard 21 Male @[Link]
[Link] Gurung 21 Male rikeshgurungrikesh@[Link]
[Link] Eric Sayai 21 Male @[Link]
[Link] Rashonai Nancy 21 Female rashonainancy@[Link]