SMK MAHSURI TITLE: HEALTHY DIET ADDITION MATHEMATICS PROJECT WORK

NAME I/C NUMBER CLASS : LEE JING YI : 951121-02-5604 : 5ST2

TEACHERS NAME : PN TEMPAWAN BT ABDUL AZIZ

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TEACHERS SIGNATURE

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STUDENTS SIGNATURE

CONTENT
Acknowledgement Objectives Introduction Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Further Exploration Conclusion Reflection

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First and foremost I would like to thank God that finally, I have succeeded in finishing this project work. I would also like to thank my school principal, Tuan Haji Sabri Bin Abdol Rahim for giving me this opportunity to finish this project. Besides, I would like to thank my beloved Additional Mathematics teacher, Puan Tempawan Bt Abdul Aziz for all the guidance she had provided me during the process of finishing this work. Next, I would like to give a thousand appreciations to my parents who had gave me full support in this project, financially and mentally. They gave me moral support when I needed it. I also would like to give my thanks to my fellow friends such as Lim Jieh Rou, Beh Shi Chee, Yeoh Shin Tyan and Lim Chea Hooi who had helped me in finding the information that Im clueless about, and the time we spent together in study groups on finishing this project. Last but not least I would like to express this appreciation towards all who gave me the possibility to complete this coursework.

OBJECTIVES
The aims of carrying out this project work are: to apply and adapt a variety of problem-solving strategies tosolve problems. to improve thinking skills. to promote effective mathematical communication. to develop mathematical knowledge through problem solving in a way that increases students interest and confidence. to use the language of mathematics to express mathematical ideas precisely. to provide learning environment that stimulates and enhanceseffective learning.

to develop positive attitude towards mathematics

INTRODUCTION
Maintaining a healthy diet is the practice of making choices about what to eat with the intent of improving or maintaining good health. Usually this involves consuming necessary nutrients by eating the appropriate amounts from all of the food groups, including an adequate amount of water. Since human nutrition is complex a healthy diet may vary widely subject to an individual's genetic makeup, environment, and health. Generally, a healthy diet is said to include sufficient calories to maintain a person's metabolic and activity needs, but not so excessive as to result in fat storage Sufficient quantities of fat, including monounsaturated fat, polyunsaturated fat and saturated fat. Maintenance of a good ratio between carbohydrates and lipids, four grams of the first for one gram of the second. Avoidance of saturated fat. Avoidance of Trans fat. Sufficient essential amino acids to provide cellular replenishment and transport proteins; essential micronutrients such as vitamins and certain minerals. Avoiding directly poisonous and carcinogenic substances; avoiding foods contaminated by human pathogens; Avoiding chronic high doses of certain foods that are benign or beneficial in small or occasional doses, such as foods or substances with directly toxic properties at high chronic doses 1) Foods that may interfere at high doses with other body processes 2) Foods that may burden or exhaust normal functions

Some foods have low nutritional value, and if consumed on a regular basis will contribute to the decline of human health. This has been demonstrated by various epidemiological studies that have determined that foods such as processed and fast foods are linked to diabetes and various heart problems. When improperly cut or prepared, a small number of foods (such as fugue) can result in death. The ingredient usually cited as being most crucial to good health, water, has even been known to result in death when consumed in extraordinary quantities. From a Psychological perspective, a new healthy diet may be difficult to achieve for a person with poor eating habits. This may be due to tastes acquired in early adolescence and Preferences for fatty foods. It may be easier for such Person to transition to a healthy diet if treats such as chocolate are allowed; sweets may act as mood stabilizers, which could help reinforce correct nutrient intake. To live a healthy life or not is one's choice at the end, and though there are new ways to improve one's health the role of a healthy diet cannot be underplayed. So eat healthy and live healthy.

PART 1

HISTORY ABOUT STATISTICS

The history of statistics can be said to start around 1749 although, over time, there have been changes to the interpretation of what the word statistics means. In early times, the meaning was restricted to information about states. This was later extended to include all collections of information of all types, and later still it was extended to include the analysis and interpretation of such data.

In modern terms, "statistics" means both sets of collected information, as in national accounts and temperature records, and analytical work which requires statistical inference.

Statistical activities are often associated with models expressed using probabilities, and require probability theory for them to be put on a firm theoretical basis.

A number of statistical concepts have had an important impact on a wide range of sciences. These include the design of experiments and approaches to statistical inference such as Bayesian inference, each of which can be considered to have their own sequence in the development of the ideas underlying modern statistics.

TIMELINE OF STATISTICS Contributor Philosophers Graunt, Petty Contribution Ideas - no quantitative analyses

Time Ancient Greece

17th Century Pascal, Bernoulli 18th Century 19th Century Laplace, Gauss Quetelet Galton

studied affairs of state, vital statistics of populations studied probability through games of chance, gambling

normal curve, regression through study of astronomy astronomer who first applied statistical analyses to human biology studied genetic variation in humans(used regression and correlation) studied natural selection using correlation, formed first academic

Pearson 20th Century (early) Gossett (Student) Fisher

department of statistics, Biometrika journal, helped develop the Chi Square analysis studied process of brewing, alerted the statistics community about problems with small sample sizes, developed Student's test evolutionary biologists - developed ANOVA, stressed the importance of experimental design

biochemist studied pesticides, non-parametric equivalent of twosamples test Wilcoxon Kruskal, Wallis Spearman Kendall Tukey Dunnett Keuls Computer Technology agronomist who developed multiple comparisons procedure provided many advantages over calculations by hand or by calculator, stimulated the growth of inves economists who developed the non-parametric equivalent of the ANOVA psychologist who developed a non-parametric equivalent of the correlation coefficient statistician who developed another non-parametric equivalent the correlation coefficient statistician who developed multiple comparisons procedure biochemist who studied pesticides, developed multiple comparisons procedure for control groups

20th Century (later)

APPLICATIONS OF STATISTICS IN DAILY LIFE

Statistics are sets of mathematical equations that are used to analyze what is happening in the world around us. You've heard that today we live in the Information Age where we understand a great deal about the world around us. Much of this information was determined mathematically by using statistics. When used correctly, statistics tell us any trends in what happened in the past and can be useful in predicting what may happen in the future. Let's look at some examples of how statistics shape your life when you don't even know it.

1. WEATHER FORECASTS
Do you watch the weather forecast sometime during the day? How do you use that information? Have you ever heard the forecaster talk about weather models? These computer models are built using statistics that compare prior weather conditions with current weather to predict future weather.

2. EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS
What happens if the forecast indicates that a hurricane is imminent or that tornadoes are likely to occur? Emergency management agencies move into high gear to be ready to rescue people. Emergency teams rely on statistics to tell them when danger may occur.

3. PREDICTING DISEASE
Lots of times on the news reports, statistics about a disease are reported. If the reporter simply reports the number of people who either have the disease or who have died from it, it's an interesting fact but it might not mean much to your life. But when statistics become involved, you have a better idea of how that disease may affect you. For example, studies have shown that 85 to 95 percent of lung cancers are smoking related. The statistic should tell you that almost all lung cancers are related to smoking and that if you want to have a good chance of avoiding lung cancer, you shouldn't smoke.

4. MEDICAL STUDIES
Scientists must show a statistically valid rate of effectiveness before any drug can be prescribed. Statistics are behind every medical study you hear about.

5. GENETICS
Many people are afflicted with diseases that come from their genetic make-up and these diseases can potentially be passed on to their children. Statistics are critical in determining the chances of a new baby being affected by the disease.

6. POLITICAL CAMPAIGNS
Whenever there's an election, the news organizations consult their models when they try to predict who the winner is. Candidates consult voter polls to determine where and how they campaign. Statistics play a part in who your elected government officials will be

7. INSURANCE

You know that in order to drive your car you are required by law to have car insurance. If you have a mortgage on your house, you must have it insured as well. The rate that an insurance company charges you is based upon statistics from all drivers or homeowners in your area.

8. CONSUMER GOODS
Wal-Mart, a worldwide leading retailer, keeps track of everything they sell and use statistics to calculate what to ship to each store and when. From analyzing their vast store of information, for example, WalMart decided that people buy strawberry Pop Tarts when a hurricane is predicted in Florida! So they ship this product to Florida stores based upon the weather forecast.

9. QUALITY TESTING
Companies make thousands of products every day and each company must make sure that a good quality item is sold. But a company can't test each and every item that they ship to you, the consumer. So the company uses statistics to test just a few, called a sample, of what they make. If the sample passes quality tests, then the company assumes that all the items made in the group, called a batch, are good.

10. STOCK MARKET

Another topic that you hear a lot about in the news is the stock market. Stock analysts also use statistical computer models to forecast what is happening in the economy

PART 2

In the survey , I have collected the mass and height of 100 students of my school. Then, I have recorded the mass of 100 students in the table below and lastly draw a histogram. Mass of students /kg 20 - 39 40 - 59 60 - 79 80 - 99 100 - 119 Table 1.1 Tally Frequency 15 40 36 7 2

HISTOGRAM 1.1
45 40 35 30 FREQUENCY 25 20 15 10 5 0 20 - 39 40 - 59 60 - 79 MASS OF STUDENTS/KG 80 - 99 99 - 120