Short Questions Collection
Introduction
1. Define the role of Statistics in Hotel Management with examples.
2. Comment on application of statistics in hotel management.
3. Differentiated between primary and secondary data. What are the advantages and
disadvantages of secondary data?
4. Differentiate between census survey and sample survey.
5. Explain types of probability sampling
6. Define sampling. Why is sampling more desirable than census? Give reasons.
Graphs/Diagrams/Frequency Distribution
1. Represent the data given below by construction a pie-chart.
Items Income (’00 Rs)
Food 200
Education 50
Fuel 50
Entertainment 20
Misc. 80
2. Vehicle colors differ among types of vehicles. Here are data on the most popular colors for
intermediate price cars.
Color Black Silver White Gray White Blue Red Yellow/Gold Others
Pearl
Intermediat 10 25 4 12 8 13 10 4 14
e Price car
(%)
Construct a bar chart.
3. Draw a Histogram, frequency polygon and frequency curve from the following data. Also find
the mode of the distribution.
Class 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80
Interval
Frequency 5 12 22 25 18 15 10
4. The top music genres according to SoundScan for a recent year and no. of albums sold in each
(in millions) are shown below.
Genre R&B Alternative Rap Country Soundtrac Metal Classical Latin
k
Albums 146.4 102.6 73.7 64.5 56.4 26.6 14.8 14.5
sold
Question Bank BHM Fifth Semester Instructor: Santosh Chhatkuli
Construct a pie chart for these data displaying the percentage of the whole that each of these
genres represents.
5. The data on the status of 50 students who were interviewed are given below. (SE = Senior,
J=Junior, SO = Sophomore, F = Freshman)
J F SO SE J J SE J J J
F F J F F F SE SO SE J
J F SE SO SO F J F SE SE
SO SE J SO SO J J SO F SO
SE SE F SE J SO F J SO SO
(a) Prepare a frequency distribution table.
(b) Calculate the relative frequencies and percentages for all categories.
(c) What percentage of these students are juniors or seniors?
(d) Draw a bar graph for the frequency distribution.
6. The manager at Bakery Café selected a random sample of 50 customers waiting time is recorded
as follows.
29 28 51 43 24 40 52 72 41 23
25 30 22 34 19 31 32 29 45 24
60 48 19 47 54 68 17 43 23 56
39 40 43 48 56 42 21 36 24 65
60 31 50 31 47 43 30 32 35 39
(a) Construct stem and leaf display
(b) Comment on the nature of distribution of customers waiting time
7. A company manufactures a metal ring for industrial engines that usually weight about 50
ounces. A random sample of 50 of these metal rings produced the following weights (in ounces)
51 53 56 50 44 47 53 53 42 57 46 55
41 44 52 56 50 57 44 46 41 52 69 53
57 51 54 63 42 47 47 52 53 46 36 58
51 38 49 50 62 39 44 55 43 52 43 42
57 49
(a) Construct a grouped frequency distribution by taking classes of size 4
(b) Construct percentage histogram
(c) What can you observe about the data from the graph?
8. The following table gives the frequency distribution of times (to the nearest hour) that 90 fans
spent waiting in line to buy tickets to a rock concert.
Waiting time (hours) 0 to 7 7 to 14 to 21 21 to 28 28 to 35 Total
14
Frequency 5 27 30 20 8 90
(a) Construct a less than percentage frequency distribution
(b) Construct a less than percentage ogive
(c) Estimate the median time spent in the waiting line using graph.
9. The data below represents the number of grams of carbohydrates in a serving of breakfast
cereal in a sample of eleven different servings.
Question Bank BHM Fifth Semester Instructor: Santosh Chhatkuli
11 15 23 29 19 22 21 20 15 25 17
List the five-number summary and construct a box-and-whisker plot for the carbohydrate
amounts. Also, determine the shape of the data.
10. The following are the ages of 48 patients admitted to the emergency room of a hospital.
32 63 33 57 35 54 38 53 42 51 42
48 43 46 61 53 09 13 16 16 31 30
28 28 25 23 23 22 21 17 13 30 14
29 16 28 17 27 21 24 22 23 61 55
34 42 13 26
(a) Construct a box and whisker plot from these data.
(b) Construct a steam-and-leaf plot from these data
(c) How would you describe the shape of these data?
11. In order to estimate how much water will be needed to supply in Kathmandu in the next
year, the town council asked to find out how much water a sample of families currently
uses. The sample of 15 families used the following number of gallons (in thousands) in
the past year.
11.2 21.5 16.4 19.7 14.6 16.9 32.2 18.2 13.1 23.8
18.3 15.5 18.8 22.7 14.0
(a) List the five numbers summary
(b) From the box and whisker plot determine the shape and explain whether the use
of the water is likely to be high or low?
12. The following data show the ages of all participants in two yoga classes.
3:00 P.M. Class 8:00 P.M. Class
40 60 73 77 51 68 68 35 68 53 64 75 76 19 18 20 29 39 43 71 56 44 44 18 19 19
69 59 55 38 57 68 84 75 62 73 75 85 77 18 18 20 25 29 25 22 31 24 24 23 19 19
18 28 20 31
(a) Compare the distribution of ages in each group by constructing box-and-whisker plot
(b) What conclusions can you make?
13. The following are the scores of 30 college students on a statistics test.
75 52 80 96 65 79 71 87 93 95
69 72 81 61 76 86 79 68 50 92
83 84 77 64 71 87 72 92 57 98
(a) Construct the stem-and-leaf display
(b) Comment on the shape of the distribution
(c) Around what values, if any, are the marks concentrated? Explain
14. The following data give the total number of iPods® sold by a company on each of 30 days.
8 25 11 15 29 22 10 5 17 21
22 13 26 16 18 12 9 26 20 16
23 14 19 23 20 16 27 16 21 14
(a) Construct a frequency distribution table by taking suitable class size.
(b) Calculate the relative frequencies and percentages for all categories.
(c) Draw a Histogram for the frequency distribution.
Question Bank BHM Fifth Semester Instructor: Santosh Chhatkuli
15. The grades of students in Statistics paper is summarized in the following table
Grades 52-58 58-64 64-70 70-76 76-82 82-88 88-94 94-100 Total
No. of 2 12 10 19 16 9 7 5 80
student
s
(a) Construct a percentage Histogram for the data
(b) Find the mode of the distribution from the graph
16. Draw a scatter diagram of the ages of the husbands and the ages of wife of a sample of 10
tourists and comment on the type and strength of relationship.
Husband’s 23 22 24 23 26 27 28 20 30 20
age
Wife’s age 20 18 20 21 21 22 24 23 25 26
17. Represent the data given below by constructing a pie-chart
Items Food Education Fuel Entertainment Misc.
Income (x 200 50 50 20 80
100 Rs)
Descriptive Statistics
1. The mean and standard deviation of a set of 100 observations were found to be 20 and 3
respectively. After the calculation were made it was found that three of the observations were
incorrect, which were recorded as 20, 22 and 18. Find the mean and standard deviation after
removing incorrect observations.
2. The mean and standard deviation of a set of 100 observations were found to be 40 and 12
respectively. On checking it was found that one observation was wrongly taken as 23 in place of
43. Calculate the correct mean and standard deviation.
3. Central Hospital has the following data representing weight in pounds at birth of 200 premature
babies.
Weight 0.5-0.9 1.0-1.4 1.5-1.9 2.0-2.4 2.5-2.9 3.0-3.4 3.5-3.9 4.0-4.4
(lbs)
Frequency 10 19 24 27 29 34 40 17
Find the mode of the distribution
4. The combined mean and variance of salary of 250 workers of city A and city B combined are 560
and 5497 respectively. The mean and variance of the salary of 150 workers of city B are 500 and
81 respectively. Find the mean and variance of salary in city A.
5. For the following frequency distribution find the missing frequencies if it known that there are
120 workers in the factory and their median wage is Rs 42.5.
Daily Wage 20 – 25 - 30 - 40 - 45 - 50 - 55 – 60 -70 70 -
(Rs) 25 30 40 45 50 55 60 80
No. of 6 12 --- 30 10 --- 8 5 2
workers
Question Bank BHM Fifth Semester Instructor: Santosh Chhatkuli
6. Mr. Sharma is the director of the student financial aid office at a campus. He has used available
data on summer earning of all the students who have applied to his office for financial aid. The
frequency distribution is given below.
Summer 0- 500 - 1000 - 1500 - 2000 - 2500 - 3000 or
Earnings 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 more
(x Rs 100)
No. of 231 304 400 296 123 68 23
students
(a) Find the most usual value for the Sharma’s data
(b) If the students’ aid is restricted to those whose summer earnings were at least modal
summer earnings, how many of the applicants qualify for financial aid?
7. Incomplete distribution is given below, average marks is 30.2. Find missing frequencies. Hence
find mode of distribution.
Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 Total
No. of 4 --- 10 --- 10 50
students
8. The following data gives the weights in ounces, of the 25 potatoes sold in a 10-pound bad
7.8 7.9 8.2 7.3 6.7 7.9 7.9 7.9 7.6
7.8 7.0 4.7 7.6 6.3 4.7 4.7 4.7 6.3
6.0 5.3 4.3 7.9 5.2 6.0 3.7
Compute coefficient of variation of this data
9. Determine the mode of the following data:
X 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
f 6 9 4 2 10 8 7 5 1 3
10. A company has two sections with 40 and 65 employees respectively. Their average weekly
wages are $450 and $350. The standard deviations are $7 and $9 respectively
(a) Which section has a larger wage bill?
(b) What is the combined average weekly wages of two companies?
(c) Which section has larger variability in wages?
11. Analysis of daily wages of workers of two resorts A and B yielded the following results.
Descriptive Figures Resort A Resort B
No. of workers 90 100
Average daily wages in 1300 1800
Rs
Standard deviation in Rs 120 185
Find which resort is more uniform with regard to workers’ wages
12. An analysis of CMAT score of a certain university’s constituent college and affiliated colleges is
recorded as follows.
Measure Constituent College Affiliated college
No. of students 550 650
Average CMAT score 50 45
Question Bank BHM Fifth Semester Instructor: Santosh Chhatkuli
SD of the CMAT score 8 12
Calculate combined mean and combined standard deviation for the university.
13. The analysis of monthly wages paid to the workers in two firms A and B, belonging to the same
industry gives the following results.
Measures Firm A Firm B
No. of wage earners 500 600
Average monthly wages Rs 586 Rs 575
Variance of wages Rs 81 Rs 100
(a) What is the combined mean of two firms?
(b) What is the combined variance of two firms?
(c) In which firm, there is greater variability in wages?
14. The following data show the number of living children per woman from a sample of 350 women.
No. of living 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
children (X)
No. of women (f) 171 82 50 25 13 7 2
(a) Compute mean, median and mode
(b) Which central measure is best for this data?
15. From the following distribution of marks of 500 students of a campus, find the minimum pass
mark if only 20 % of the students had failed.
Marks 10 -19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69
No. of 50 100 150 90 60 50
students
16. The distribution of marks of 500 students of a campus is given below:
Marks 0-20 20-40 40-50 50-60 60-80 80-100 Total
No. of 50 100 150 90 60 50 500
students
(a) What is the minimum marks obtained by top 25 % of students?
(b) Limits of marks for the middle 50 % of students (IQR)
17. Dell Corporation manufactures computer monitors. The following data give the numbers of
computer monitors produced at the company for a sample of 30 days.
24 32 27 23 33 33 29 25 23 36
26 26 31 20 27 33 27 23 28 29
31 35 34 22 37 28 23 35 31 43
(a) Compute First Quartile, Median and Third Quartile
(b) Compute Inter-Quartile Range.
(c) Draw a box-and-whisker plot
18. The mean and standard deviation of a set of 100 observations were found to be 40 and 12
respectively. On checking it was found that one observation was wrongly taken as 23 in place of
43. Calculate the correct mean and standard deviation.
19. Find QD and coefficient of QD from the following distribution
Question Bank BHM Fifth Semester Instructor: Santosh Chhatkuli
Marks 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
No. of students 5 10 15 20 15 10 5
20. Central Hospital has the following data representing weight in pounds at birth of 130 premature
babies.
Weight (kgs) 0.5-1.0 1.0-1.5 1.5-2.0 2.0-2.5 2.5-3.0 3.0-3.5 3.5-4.0 4.0-4.5
Frequency 10 19 24 27 19 14 10 7
(a) Find the first, second and third quartile.
(b) Find the range
(c) Find the middle 50 % range of weight
(d) Construct box and whisker plot and comment on the shape.
21. From the following distribution of marks of 500 students of a college, find the minimum marks
obtained by the top 15 % students.
Marks Below 20 20 – 40 40 - 50 50 - 60 60 – 80 80 -100 Total
No. of 50 100 150 90 60 50 500
students
22. The distribution of marks of 500 students of a campus is given below:
Marks 0-20 20-40 40-50 50-60 60-80 80-100 Total
No. of 50 100 150 90 60 50 500
students
(c) What is the maximum marks obtained by bottom 25 % of students?
(d) Limits of marks for the middle 80 % of students (IQR)
23. The time taken (in minutes) by two microbuses from Lagan Khel to Ratnapartk for six days are
recorded as follows.
Day Sun Mon Tues Wed Thru Fri
Microbus A 20 22 25 22 21 24
Microbus B 18 25 30 32 25 28
State which microbus is more consistent in time and why?
24. From the following frequency distribution, calculate Karl Pearson’s coefficient of skewness. Also
comment on the nature of the distribution.
Income 10 - 20 20 - 30 30 - 40 40 - 50 50 - 60
(’000 Rs)
No. of 5 10 15 8 7
persons
Sampling
1. Define sampling. Why sampling is more desirable than census? Give reasons.
2. It is desired to estimate the proportion of junior executives who change their first job within the
first five years. This proportion is to be estimated with 3 % of error and 95 % of confidence is to
be used. A study conducted several years ago revealed that 30 % of such junior executive
changed their first job within 5 years.
Question Bank BHM Fifth Semester Instructor: Santosh Chhatkuli
(a) How large a sample is required to update the study?
(b) How large should the sample be if no such previous estimates are available?
3. A firm wishes to estimate with an error not more than 0.03 and a level of confidence of 95 %,
the proportion of consumers that prefer its brand of household detergent. Sales report indicates
that about 0.02 of all consumers prefer the firm brand.
(a) What is the required sample size?
(b) What is the required sample size be if no such previous estimates are available?
Probability
1. Mr. Santosh is selected for interview for two posts. For the first post, there are 8 candidates and
for the second post there are 7 candidates. If the selection of each candidate is equally likely,
find the chance that Mr. Santosh will be selected for (a) none of the post, (b) both of the post
and (c) at least one post.
2. A committee of 5 is to be found out of group of 8 boys and 7 girls. Find the probability that in
the committee there will be 3 boys and 2 girls.
3. The personnel department of a construction company has records, as shown below:
Age Bachelor’s degree Master’s degree Total
Under 90 10 100
30
30 to 40 20 30 50
Over 40 40 10 50
Total 150 50 200
If an engineer is selected at random, find
(a) The probability that he has only a bachelor’s degree
(b) The probability that he has a master’s degree, given that he is over 40
(c) The probability that he is under 30, given that he has only a bachelor’s degree
4. The following probability matrix contains a breakdown on the age and gender of cook in a
recent year, as reported by the Hotel Association
Gender Age (years)
< 35 35 - 44 45 - 54 55 – 64 > 65
Male 0.11 0.20 0.19 0.12 0.16
Female 0.07 0.08 0.04 0.02 0.01
(a) What is the probability that one randomly selected cook is a male?
(b) What is the probability that one randomly selected cook is a man and 45- 54 years old?
(c) What is the probability that one randomly selected cook is less than 35 years old or 55-65
years old?
(d) What is the probability that one randomly selected cook is a woman if she is 45 – 54 years
old?
(e) What is the probability that a randomly selected cook is neither a woman nor 55 – 65 years
old?
5. X and Y appear in an interview for two vacancies. The odd in favour of selection for Mr. X is 7:5
and odds against of selection for Mr. Y is 10: 7. Find the probability that:
Question Bank BHM Fifth Semester Instructor: Santosh Chhatkuli
(a) Both will be selected
(b) None will be selected
(c) One of them will be selected
(d) At least one will be selected
6. Suppose there 100 applicants for a post of lecturer. Some of the applicant hold Ph.D., some of
them are married and some of them are female. The exact breakdown of applicants is shown in
the following table.
Gender Ph.D. Holders Non-Ph.D. Holders
Married Single Married Single
Male 40 10 3 12
Female 10 10 10 5
What is the probability that?
(a) Applicant is female
(b) Applicant is unmarried or holds Ph. D degree
(c) Applicant holds Ph.D. degree. and single
(d) Applicant is married given that applicant holds Ph.D. degree.
Time Series
1. Below are the given figures of production (in thousand tones) of a fertilizer
Year 1987 1988 1989 2000 2001 2002 2003
Production 70 75 90 98 85 91 100
Fit a straight-line trend by the method of least squares and find the monthly increment of the
production of fertilizers?
2. The following are the data of profit (in lakhs) of a company.
Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Profit (lakhs Rs) 60 72 75 65 80 8 95
(a) Fit a straight-line trend using method of least square
(b) Estimate the likely profit for the year 2013
(c) What is the monthly profit rate?
(d) Obtain trend values using fitted equation. What kind of trend is shown by trend values?
(e) Find short-term fluctuations.
3. The following data are the figures of production (in thousand quintals) of sugar factory.
Year 1977 1978 1980 1981 1982
Production 90 92 94 99 92
Fit a straight-line trend to these figures and estimate production for year 1983
4. The police department is studying the number of traffic fatalities in the country resulting from
drunk and driving over the last 8 years. The information is shown below:
Year 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993
No. of 150 180 170 190 160 170 210 140
death
(a) Find the linear equation that describes the trend line of number of traffic fatalities in the
country from the drunk driving.
Question Bank BHM Fifth Semester Instructor: Santosh Chhatkuli
(b) What is the yearly accident rate?
(c) What is monthly accident rate?
(d) Estimate the no. of traffic fatalities from the drunk driving that the country can expect in the
year 1994 and 1995.
5. The reliable home builder has collected data on the homes it has started during last 5 years
Year Spring Summe Fall Winter
r
2008 8 13 7 6
2009 9 10 7 5
2010 10 11 6 5
2011 10 12 8 7
2012 11 13 9 8
(a) Calculate seasonal index using method of simple average for each quarter.
(b) If the working capital needs are related directly to the no. of starts, by how much its working
capital need to change between summer and winter.
Tourism Statistics
1. Define domestic tourist and its movements. Briefly explain the tourism indicators measurement
of Nepal.
Correlation and Regression
1. The following information is related to X = Advertisement expenditure and Y = sales.
Descriptive Measures Advertisement Sales (Rs Lakhs)
Expenditure (Rs
Lakshs)
Mean 10 90
Standard Deviation 3 12
Correlation 0.8
Coefficient
(a) Find the most likely sales when advertising expenditure is Rs. 15 lakhs
(b) What should be the advertisement expenditure if the company wants to attain a sale target
of Rs 120 lakhs?
2. Calculate Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the ages of the husbands and the ages
of wife of a sample of 10 tourists.
Husband’s 23 22 24 23 26 27 28 20 30 20
age
Wife’s age 20 18 20 21 21 22 24 23 25 26
3. The following data relates to the marks in subject STATISTICS and MARKETING in a board exam.
Measures Statistics Marketing
Mean 39.5 47.5
S.D. 10.8 16.8
Correlation coefficient 0.42
(a) Fit the two lines of regressions
Question Bank BHM Fifth Semester Instructor: Santosh Chhatkuli
(b) Estimate the marks of a students in Marketing who scores 60 in Statistics
(c) Estimate the marks of a students in Statistics who scores 50 in Marketing.
4. A sample of 12 fathers and their eldest sons gave the following data about their height in inches.
Find the correlation coefficient and interpret the result.
Father 65 63 67 64 68 62 70 66 68 67 69 71
Son 68 66 68 65 69 66 68 65 71 67 68 70
5. Suppose a head of the company tries to determine whether the length of time a person has
been employed with a company (a proxy for experience) is related to how much the person is
paid (compensation). The fowling data were obtained:
Employee 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Compensation 5 15 18 20 25 25 30 34 38 50
(in S per hour)
No. of months 45 32 37 33 24 29 26 22 24 15
employed
with company
Compute the correlation coefficient between these variables and interpret the result.
6. Calculate Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the ages of the husbands and the ages
of wife of a sample of 10 tourists.
Husband’s 23 22 24 23 26 27 28 20 30 20
age
Wife’s age 20 18 20 21 21 22 24 23 25 26
7. The manager of Machine and Tool company wants to know the impact of TV advertisement on
sales of his products. He sought information regarding the frequency of advertisement per week
and the volume of sales per week. The information supplied to him as follows.
Ad on TV 21 28 28 35 35 42 42
Sales (Lakhs 20 35 30 28 45 40 42
Taking into consideration the high cost that is involved in advertisement, the manager decided
that if the relationship between the volume of sales and the frequency of advertisement on TV
were significant, he would continue to advertise otherwise not, what will be his decision?
Question Bank BHM Fifth Semester Instructor: Santosh Chhatkuli