PROJECT
ASTRONOMICAL
THEORIES
1.- Astronomical Theories:
● Research the geocentric theory advocated by
Ptolemy and the heliocentric theory proposed by
Copernicus.
● Compare the two theories in terms of explaining
planetary motion.
● Example: Include specific examples of how
these theories explained the apparent movement
of planets.
INTRODUCTION
The universe is full of systems and galaxies, and thanks to all the
research that humans have done over the years, we know how
space works. But where did all these theories begin?
RESEARCH OF THE GEOCENTRIC
THEORIES
Geocentric and Heliocentric Models. Earth moves around the sun,
completing one solar orbit in roughly 365 days. The planet also
spins on its axis, rotating completely around every 24 [Link]
motions of the planets are dominated by the sun.
Heliocentrism is a theory based in which the Earth and planets orbit
around the Sun at the center of the universe, that one is the actual
way to see the solar system.
In the Ptolemy they thought that that the world was a sphere that
occupied the center of the universe and was made up of nine
others, like layers of an onion.
Next they thought that there were seven other layers, each one had
a “planet” in it, which were from the outside to inside: Saturn,
Jupiter, Mars, Sun, Venus, Mercury and Moon.
These seven spheres each one of them represented a musical note
and when they rotate they create a beautiful melody that's known
as “the music of the spheres.” but we can’t hear it because of the
air.
The layers are transparent so you can see the stars throughout but
they carry the planets.
COMPARE THE TWO THEORIES
-In the Geothentic theory the planets rotate around the Earth but in
the heliocentric one they rotate about the sun
-The order of planets in Geocentric theory is moon, Mercury,
Venus, sun, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. But in Heliocentric theory is
the moon,Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn
-In the Geocentric theory the Solar system was an onion with
invisible layers that make music when they rotate but in Heliocentric
theory there are orbits and no music.
- In the middle ages many people believed in the Geocentric theory
but nowadays people believe in the Heliocentric theory, to
demonstrate that the earth moves around the sun, it is enough to
observe the shadow of a stick stand in the ground for a year, two or
more years at the same time each day and also observe the sunrise
and sunset of the sun.
EXAMPLES
Heliocentrism (also known as the Heliocentric model) Is a theory
that says that The Earth and planets revolve around the Sun at the
center of the universe. Historically, heliocentrism was opposed to
geocentrism which placed the Earth at the center. The notion that
the Earth revolves around the Sun had been proposed as early as
the third century BC.
Geocentric theory consists of astronomy, the geocentric model. Is a
superseded description of the Universe with Earth at the center.
Under most geocentric models, the Sun, Moon, Stars and Planets
all orbit Earth. The geocentric model was the predominant
description of the cosmos in many European ancient civilizations,
such as those of Aristotle in Classical Greece and Ptolemy, as well
as during the Islamic golden age.