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? Topic 8

The document explains redox chemistry, defining redox reactions as simultaneous oxidation and reduction processes. It describes key concepts such as oxidation, reduction, oxidising agents, reducing agents, and disproportionation reactions, providing examples like magnesium and chlorine interactions. Additionally, it highlights the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and reactions involving copper(i) oxide as examples of disproportionation reactions.

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Muhammad Rashed Chowdhury
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6 views3 pages

? Topic 8

The document explains redox chemistry, defining redox reactions as simultaneous oxidation and reduction processes. It describes key concepts such as oxidation, reduction, oxidising agents, reducing agents, and disproportionation reactions, providing examples like magnesium and chlorine interactions. Additionally, it highlights the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and reactions involving copper(i) oxide as examples of disproportionation reactions.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Rashed Chowdhury
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

🔹 Topic 8: Redox Chemistry and Groups 1, 2 and 7

A. Redox Chemistry
Redox reaction: A reaction in which both oxidation
and reduction occur at the same time.
[A redox reaction is a reaction that involves reduction and oxidation.]
A redox half-equation must include the substance being oxidised or
reduced plus electrons. It may also include hydrogen ions (in acid
solution) and water molecules.

Oxidation: Increase in oxidation number; loss of


electrons.
Reduction: Decrease in oxidation number; gain of
electrons.
Oxidising agent: A substance that causes oxidation by
taking electrons from another substance; it gains
electrons and is reduced.

Reducing agent: A substance that causes reduction by giving


electrons to another substance; it loses electrons and is oxidised.

Disproportionation reaction: A reaction in which the same


element is both oxidised and reduced at the same time.

1
Oxidising agent: A substance/Species (atom, molecule, or ion) that
causes oxidation by removing electrons from another substance; it gains
electrons and is reduced.

Reducing agent: A substance/ Species that causes reduction by giving


electrons to another substance; it loses electrons and is oxidised.

Magnesium is oxidised by loss of electrons. It is oxidised by chlorine, so


chlorine is the oxidising agent. At the same time chlorine gains electrons and is
reduced by magnesium. Magnesium is the reducing agent.

Disproportionation reaction: A reaction in which the same


element undergoes both oxidation and reduction at the same time.

One example is the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to oxygen and water.

Another example of a disproportionation reaction takes place on warming


copper(i) oxide with dilute sulfuric acid.

2
3

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