Statistical Description of Data

Introductory Statistics Data Collection of Data Presentation of Data Frequency Distribution - Types of Series Graphical Representation of Frequency Distribution

History of Statistics Definition of Statistics Application Qualitative Quantitative Classification Textual Tabular Diagrammatic Individual Series Continuous Series Histogram or Area Diagram Frequency Polygon Frequency Curves Ogives
of Statistics Discrete Series

Singular Plural Attribute Variable Primary Data Secondary Data Data is Data is presented in a Tabular Form Bar Diagram Pie Chart A list of all Variable (x) Frequency (f) Types Important Points Important Points Meaning Types Important Points
Statistics is derived from: Economics presented Line Diagram (Historiagram) Comparison Some Important Terms
observations is
in a made.
paragraph 65 10
Language Word Scientific Data Business Discrete Continuous Collected by Self Collected by form t-Yt plane is drawn Calculate Histogram is Meant for A frequency Bell Shaped U-Shaped J-Shaped Mixed Cumulative
Sources Parts of a Table Inclusive Exclusive Term Meaning
Method qualitative as Management Someone Else the central Inclusive Continuous Series Exclusive Continuous Series Basis used to single curve is a frequency plotted
Series Series
employed for well as and Used by Self angle by determine frequency smooth against class
collecting, quantitative, dividing 75 20 Mode distribution curve for Diagram boundary gives
Latin Status Commerce Finite Countably Can assume Methods of Collection of Primary Data Class Use Case Use Case Use Case
analyzing and that are WHO Upper Part of the table describing the the Class Interval (CI) Frequency (f) Class Interval (CI) Frequency (f) Difference between upper boundary and lower boundary graphically. which the ogives.
and Industry Values Isolated any value in Caption Lower Length

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presenting data, collected, columns and sub-columns component total area
Infinite a given Boundary is Can be
finally leading to usually with a with total 85 50 is taken to
Italian Statista Values interval arrived at A comparison applied for There are two types
drawing view of having ILO and then be unity.
Interview Method Mailed Observation Questionnaires 0 – 10 2 0 – 10 2 after Lower among the grouped The The The of ogives:
statistical statistical International Entire upper part multiplying Lower Subtract 0.5 from Lower Class Limit
Questionnaire Method Filled in and It also shows subtracting Boundary frequencies frequency distribution distribution distribution
inferences analysis Sources of the table, it with 360. 90 10 Boundary =
German Statistic Method Sent by Box Head the unit of 0.5 from Inclusive Diagram for different Diagram distribution It is a of height, of Kolkata of
including the Lower Limit
Enumerators IMF measurements. 11 – 20 5 10 – 20 5 the Lower class intervals provided limiting weight, bound commuters
caption Horizontal Vertical Series
Examples Personal Interview Indirect Interview Telephone Interview Limit of the is possible in the width form of a Diagram mark, commuters Diagram coming to Diagram Less than type
Interviewer Upper Diagram ogive: Plot less
100 10 class Add 0.5 to Upper Class Limit this mode of of the class histogram profit etc. belongs to Kolkata
French Statistique Interviewer observes Boundary than
World Bank interval diagrammatic intervals or usually this type of from the
prepares a and notes Enumerator is a 21 – 30 4 20 – 30 4 Class Class cumulative
Left Part of the table, describing the representation. remains the frequency belong to curve as early
Meaning Use Cases Meaning Use Case Meaning Stub For Qualitative For Spatial Data (Data For Quantitative Data For Time Series Data Boundaries Boundary frequency on
Attribute Discrete Continuous questionnaire down the person appointed by rows same polygon. this there are morning
Variables Variables and sends points someone to collect Points (Yt) are plotted in the diagram Data varying over space) Lower the vertical
Statistical Upper Equal to Lower Class Limit category. maximum hour to
emails to the directly. data. 31 – 40 6 30 – 40 6 Boundary number of peak axis.
Abstract by CSO Boundary is
respondents Main part of the table, containing the arrived at Exclusive commuters morning
Gender of a Interviewer Natural Interviewer Rail Interviewer Non Body
numerical figures after Upper Series during the hour
Baby No. of Height meets the Calamity meets Accident contacts Responses Enumerator prepares Government Types of Bar Diagrams More than type
respondents someone the are a schedule based on adding 0.5 Boundary = Upper peak hours follows ogive: Plot
Petals in a Time Sources Indian Agricultural Equal to Upper Class Limit
directly else, and respondents maximum questions required to the Upper Limit Boundary in the such a more than
Flower Super Non consuming Statistics by morning distribution.
Nationality Weight asks on Phone in this Responses and by that other person. Information about source of the table, Converting an Inclusive Series into Exclusive Series Upper Limit cumulative
Cyclone Ministry of Food and in the
of a Person questions method are Maximum laborious Footnote or anything which gives clarity to the Multiple of the class frequency on
and Agriculture evening.
No. of related to in this method table. Line interval Example the vertical
Misprint a Sale Enumerator asks the Diagram
Earthquake someone axis.
Colour of a Book respondents those Simply subtract 0.5 from the Lower Limit of Every Class Interval and add 0.5 to
else
Flower contains questions. ISI the Upper Limit of Every Class Interval.
Profit Discrete Continuous Class Cumulative
Epidemic Made for Frequency Points are joined
In case the Private and Used when there are two or more related series Variables Variables Interval Frequency
(Plague) Do the successively by line
Drinking No. of Road question comes Enumerator fills the Quasi- with SAME units
Age ICAR Less totals segments.
Habit of a Accidents in asking that in respones of the Government
Person questions in his own Sources Multiple or Grouped Component or Sub-Divided Divided or Percentage Than from Top
a particular which method, 10 - 20 2 2
Distribution handwriting. Type to Ogives can be used
locality the number of Multiple
of Profits of NCERT Used when there are two or more related series Bottom to find quartiles
non responses are Axis
a Blue Chip with DIFFERENT units graphically.
maximum, please Diagram To Compare Related Series For Representing Data Divided For Comparing For Relating the 20 - 30 5 7
Marks of a Company mark "Mailed
Student into Number of Components Different Components to
Questionnaire Research Institutes
Components the Whole The median (second
Method" as your Unpublished Logarithmic quartile) can be
Used when there's a wide range of fluctuations 30 - 40 3 10
Annual answer. Sources of or Ratio found by dropping a
among the values of Yt Cumulative
Income of a Researchers Chart perpendicular from
Frequency
Person the intersection
Example
point of the two
ogives to the
Distribution
horizontal axis; the
of Shares Class Cumulative
Frequency x-value at this point
Interval Frequency is the median.
Do the
More totals
Than from Ogives can also be
10 - 20 2 10
Type Bottom used for making
to Top short-term
projections.
20 - 30 5 8

30 - 40 3 3

Simple
Frequency Frequency Distribution of Discrete Series
Distribution

Grouped
Frequency Frequency Distribution of Continuous Series
Distribution

No. of Class Intervals × Class Length = Range

Frequency
Class Frequency ÷ Class Length
Density

Relative
Class Frequency ÷ Total Frequency
Frequency

Percentage
(Class Frequency ÷ Total Frequency) × 100
Frequency

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