CENTRE FOR CHILD PROTECTION

Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),

Rajasthan

SUMMURY REPORT OF FIELD WORK

फील्ड वर्क का सारांश

CERTIFICATE COURSE IN CHILD PROTECTION

बाल संरक्षण में सर्टिफिकेट कोर्स

2024-25

Paper: Concurrent Field Work

Paper Code: CCCP05

Submitted By:

(Name of the student)

(Enrolment/Roll No. of the student)

Faculty Supervisor(S):

CENTRE FOR CHILD PROTECTION (CCP)

SARDAR PATEL UNIVERSITY OF POLICE, SECURITY AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE,
(SPUP), JODHPUR
Q-37, Raaj Angan (NRI Colony), Pratap Nagar, Sanganer, Jaipur-302033,
Rajasthan

Introduction

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
Rajasthan

Definition of a Child in International and National Contexts

A child, as defined by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child
(UNCRC), is every human being below the age of 18 years, unless, under the law
applicable to the child, the age of majority is attained earlier. This universal
definition has been accepted globally and serves as the foundation for child
protection policies and legal frameworks in most countries. The UNCRC, adopted
in 1989 and ratified by a vast majority of nations, emphasizes the inherent
dignity and the equal and inalienable rights of all children.

In the Indian context, this definition is reflected in several legal and policy
documents. Indian laws, such as the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of
Children) Act, adopt this age criterion while recognizing certain exceptions in
specific contexts. For instance, Indian law may allow marriage or employment
under specific age conditions, but these do not override the overarching principle
that individuals below 18 years are entitled to child rights and protection under
national and international frameworks.

Understanding Child Rights

Child rights are a subset of human rights with particular attention to the rights
and needs of persons under the age of 18. These rights are essential to ensure
the comprehensive development of every child, recognizing their vulnerability,
dependence, and potential. The UNCRC organizes child rights under four main
pillars:

1. Right to Survival – includes the right to life, nutrition, healthcare, and

shelter.

2. Right to Protection – from all forms of abuse, neglect, and exploitation.

3. Right to Development – access to education, play, leisure, cultural

activities, and information.

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4. Right to Participation – freedom to express opinions and be involved in

decisions affecting them.

These rights are interdependent and indivisible, and they aim to ensure that
every child grows up in a safe, supportive, and enabling environment.

In India, child rights are enshrined in the Constitution and supported by various
legislative, policy, and institutional frameworks. For instance, Article 21A
guarantees the right to free and compulsory education for children aged 6–14
years, and Articles 39(e) and 39(f) emphasize protection from abuse and the
right to develop in a healthy and dignified manner.

Child Protection and Its Importance

Child protection refers to the measures and structures in place to prevent and
respond to abuse, neglect, exploitation, and violence affecting children. It is a
vital component of child rights and aims to create a protective environment
where children can live free from harm and grow to their full potential.

Child protection operates on several levels:

 Prevention: Identifying risks and vulnerabilities early and acting to prevent

harm.

 Intervention: Timely action when abuse or exploitation is identified.

 Rehabilitation and Reintegration: Helping children recover from trauma and

return to safe, nurturing environments.

 Systems Building: Establishing legal, institutional, and community

mechanisms for sustained protection.

Effective child protection requires collaboration among various sectors—

education, health, law enforcement, social welfare, and justice—and involves
multiple stakeholders including the government, civil society, families, and
children themselves.

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
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Key Policies and Laws in India for Child Protection

India has a robust legal and policy framework to safeguard the rights and welfare
of children. Some key laws and initiatives include:

 Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015 – Aims at the
care, protection, and rehabilitation of children in need and children in conflict
with the law.

 Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, 2012 – Ensures

protection from sexual abuse and harassment, with child-sensitive
procedures.

 Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Amendment Act, 2016 – Prohibits

employment of children below 14 and regulates working conditions for
adolescents aged 14–18.

 Right to Education Act, 2009 – Guarantees free and compulsory education

for children aged 6–14.

 National Policy for Children, 2013 – A comprehensive policy that outlines the
rights of children and the responsibilities of the state to uphold them.

 Integrated Child Protection Scheme (ICPS) – A centrally sponsored scheme

that aims to build a protective environment for children through institutional
and non-institutional services.

 POSHAN Abhiyaan and Scheme for Adolescent Girls (SAG) – Aim to improve
nutritional status and health outcomes of children and adolescent girls.

These frameworks are implemented through various child protection mechanisms

at the central, state, and district levels, such as the Child Welfare Committees
(CWC), Juvenile Justice Boards (JJB), District Child Protection Units (DCPU), and
Specialized Adoption Agencies (SAA).

Stakeholders and Institutions in Child Protection

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
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Multiple stakeholders are involved in ensuring child protection in India. The

Ministry of Women and Child Development (MWCD) is the primary governmental
body responsible for formulating policies and programs related to children. At the
grassroots level, Anganwadi centers, Childline 1098 services, child care
institutions, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) play a crucial role in
outreach and direct support.

Some key organizations actively working in this domain include :

 UNICEF – Supports the government in implementing child-centric policies and

programs.

 Save the Children – Works in areas such as education, healthcare, and

protection for vulnerable children.

 CRY (Child Rights and You) – Focuses on community-based approaches to

child development and rights advocacy.

 Amnesty International & DCI – Engage in research, advocacy, and legal

interventions related to child rights violations.

These institutions provide essential services ranging from rescue operations,

legal aid, education, counseling, rehabilitation, and reintegration into family or
community settings.

Relevance of Child Protection to Fieldwork

As a student of child rights and protection, my fieldwork offered a unique

opportunity to understand how policies translate into practice. The visits to
institutions such as the Juvenile Justice Board (JJB), Child Welfare Committees
(CWC), District Legal Services Authority (DLSA), Specialized Adoption Agencies

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
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(SAA), and Observation Homes provided hands-on exposure to the functioning of

India’s child protection systems.

Through interactions with professionals—social workers, legal officers,

counselors, NGO staff—and children themselves, I was able to observe the
multifaceted challenges in implementing child protection laws and the
collaborative efforts being made to address them. The fieldwork reinforced the
importance of empathy, systemic coordination, and the continuous need for
awareness and sensitization in protecting children from harm.

FIELD WORK REPORT

Motivation to Field Work

As part of the Certificate Course in Child Protection, I undertook fieldwork

that offered a powerful, real-world understanding of how child protection systems
function beyond textbooks. This experience allowed me to observe the
interconnected roles of various stakeholders involved in ensuring the care,

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
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rehabilitation, and rights of vulnerable children. From legal bodies like the
Juvenile Justice Board (JJB) and Child Welfare Committee (CWC) to care
institutions such as Children’s Homes, Observation Homes, Special Homes, Open
Shelters, and Specialized Adoption Agencies (SAA), each visit offered a unique
window into the child protection ecosystem. I also engaged with officers from the
District Child Protection Unit (DCPU), Women and Child Development Department
(WCD), and Child Welfare Police Officers (CWPOs), understanding their crucial
roles in rescue, prevention, and legal support. These experiences not only helped
me witness the strengths and gaps in implementation but also deepened my
empathy, social awareness, and professional resolve to contribute meaningfully
to the protection and empowerment of every child in need.

Objective of the field work

The primary objective of the field work on child protection is to enable

students to gain a thorough and practical understanding of the various
mechanisms that exist to safeguard children’s rights and welfare in real-life
situations. By stepping into the field, students are able to witness firsthand how
child protection systems function across institutional, governmental, and
community levels. A significant focus is placed on observing the actual
implementation of the Juvenile Justice (JJ) Act, 2015 and other related laws such
as the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act and the Right to
Education (RTE) Act. Through these observations, students can assess the
effectiveness of legal provisions and policies meant for the care, protection, and
rehabilitation of children in need.

Moreover, the field work provides an opportunity to interact and engage

with a wide range of professionals such as child welfare officers, NGO workers,
counselors, legal experts, police personnel, and members of Child Welfare
Committees (CWCs). These interactions help students understand the
multidisciplinary approach required in handling child protection cases, and
expose them to the challenges and constraints faced by practitioners in the field.

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In addition, students are encouraged to critically reflect on their observations,

identify systemic gaps such as resource limitations, procedural delays, or lack of
coordination among departments, and consider possible reforms or interventions
to enhance the efficiency of child protection systems.

Ultimately, this field work plays a crucial role in sensitizing students to the
ground realities of child rights and vulnerabilities. It fosters not only academic
learning but also emotional and ethical awareness, empowering students to
become more informed, responsible, and empathetic future professionals in the
field of child protection and social justice.

Background of the Field Work on Child Protection

Child protection has emerged as a critical area of concern both nationally

and globally, given the increasing incidents of abuse, exploitation, neglect, and
violation of children's rights. India, being a signatory to the United Nations
Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), has made considerable efforts
through legislative and policy measures to ensure the care and protection of
children. Key legal frameworks such as the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection
of Children) Act, 2015, the POCSO Act, 2012, and the Right to Education Act,
2009 have been established to safeguard children’s rights and promote their
overall well-being.

The field work component in child protection is an essential part of

academic and professional training for students pursuing social work, law, child
development, psychology, or related disciplines. It is designed to provide
students with practical exposure to child protection systems, enabling them to
connect theoretical learning with ground realities. Through placements in child
care institutions, NGOs, juvenile homes, CWCs (Child Welfare Committees), and
government departments, students observe and understand how child protection
mechanisms are implemented and coordinated.

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This field work also responds to the growing need for trained professionals
who can work effectively in the area of child rights and protection. It allows
students to engage directly with stakeholders involved in the protection,
rehabilitation, and reintegration of vulnerable children. By identifying systemic
challenges and reflecting on existing practices, the field work encourages critical
thinking and advocacy for stronger child protection policies and services. Hence,
the background of this field work lies in the larger goal of building a child-
sensitive society and nurturing a generation of professionals committed to social
justice and child welfare.

Definition: What is Community-Based Planning (CBP)

Community-Based Planning (CBP) in the context of child protection is not

just a formal procedure—it is a process of listening, learning, and acting together
as a community to ensure the safety and well-being of every child. It is a
grassroots participatory approach that brings together local voices—parents,
teachers, health workers, community leaders, and even children—to identify
issues affecting children and to work collectively on practical solutions.

CBP is rooted in the belief that communities themselves are powerful

protectors of children, when empowered with the right tools and support. It
allows communities to assess their own risks—such as child marriage, abuse,
neglect, child labor, or school dropouts—and plan preventive or responsive
actions. Rather than waiting for external interventions, CBP promotes community
ownership, responsibility, and active participation in protecting children’s rights.
During my field work, I witnessed how this planning process transforms
communities: it gives voice to the unheard, dignity to the vulnerable, and power
to the protectors.

Frequency: How frequently is CBP organized

The organization of CBP meetings varies based on the urgency and

vulnerability of the community. Generally, these meetings are held every 3 to 6

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months as a standard procedure under schemes like the Integrated Child

Protection Scheme (ICPS) or Mission Vatsalya. However, in high-risk areas, such
as rural belts prone to child marriage or urban slums where child labor is
rampant, meetings may occur more frequently—sometimes monthly or as and
when a specific issue arises.

In my field experience, I noticed that while schedules may look perfect on

paper, the real frequency and quality of these meetings depend on community
motivation, leadership involvement, and institutional support. In some cases, a
crisis—such as a reported abuse case—triggered an emergency community
planning session, highlighting the flexible and responsive nature of CBP. What
stood out was that these meetings are not mere formalities—they are spaces
where real concerns are voiced and solutions begin to take shape.

Membership: Who are the members of the CBP committee

CBP is powerful because it is inclusive. The committee isn’t made up of

high-ranking officials alone—it includes real people from the community who
understand the ground realities, and that’s what makes it work. The members
usually include:

 Anganwadi Workers, who monitor child nutrition and early education

and often notice the first signs of neglect.
 ASHA Workers, who provide maternal and child health care and become
trusted sources of support for families.
 School Teachers and Headmasters, who track attendance and can
detect early signs of abuse or behavioral changes.
 Panchayat Members or Ward Representatives, who bring political will
and local governance into action.
 Parents and adolescent girls and boys, who share their lived realities
and help shape more sensitive policies.
 NGO workers and Childline 1098 representatives, who bring in
technical expertise, advocacy, and emergency support.

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 Police representatives, often from women and child protection desks,

who offer protection and help with legal steps.
 Block Child Protection Officers (BCPOs), ICDS supervisors, and other
district-level officials who facilitate and monitor planning.

From my field interactions, I saw how each member brought a different

lens, a different strength—a teacher noticed a withdrawn child, a mother spoke
about fear in the neighborhood, a SHG leader pointed out missing children.
Together, their insights created a full picture of what was happening and what
needed to be done.

Project/Initiative: Is CBP actually conducted in the field

Yes, Community-Based Planning is actively conducted, though the level of

effectiveness varies from place to place. During my field work, I observed several
initiatives that were born out of CBP efforts, including:

 Mapping of vulnerable children, such as those without parents, out of

school, or at risk of child labor.
 Prevention of child marriage, where community members reported
planned marriages and intervened before they could happen.
 School re-enrollment campaigns, encouraging parents to send children
back to school after COVID disruptions.
 Awareness drives on sexual abuse, health, hygiene, and child helplines
(like 1098), especially during Child Rights Week.
 Formation of adolescent groups, where boys and girls were trained to
speak up, support each other, and challenge harmful practices.

These were not just programs—they were living examples of what can
happen when a community comes together. In one case, I met a young girl who
had been rescued from a child marriage plan because her teacher, who attended
a CBP meeting, alerted the authorities in time. It made me realize that even a
simple conversation in a meeting can become a life-changing intervention.

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[Link] work report of the Child Welfare Committee (CWC)

Objective of the Visit

The objective of visiting the Child Welfare Committee (CWC) was to gain a
practical and in-depth understanding of how statutory bodies function to
safeguard the rights of children in need of care and protection. This visit aimed to
bridge the gap between classroom learning and field realities by exposing us to
the legal and procedural roles of the CWC in handling cases of child abuse,
abandonment, trafficking, neglect, and other forms of exploitation.

Through this exposure, we sought to understand how the CWC operates

under the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015, and how it

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ensures that the best interests of the child are upheld in every decision. The visit
provided us the opportunity to observe real case proceedings, interact with
Committee members, and learn about the challenges and sensitivities involved in
child welfare interventions.

More than just a legal institution, we experienced the CWC as a space

where empathy meets justice where children are not seen as delinquents or
cases, but as individuals with stories, needs, and rights. The committee’s role in
rehabilitation, counseling, and restoration helped us see child protection as a
holistic process, involving care, compassion, and long-term planning.

This field experience deepened our understanding of how multiple

stakeholders—police, NGOs, social workers, and the CWC—must collaborate to
protect a child. It reinforced the value of legal awareness, professional sensitivity,
and timely intervention, which are essential for anyone aspiring to work in the
domain of child rights and welfare.

Discussion on Children's Issues

Yes, the Child Welfare Committee (CWC) routinely discusses children's

issues as it is the statutory authority under the Juvenile Justice (Care and
Protection of Children) Act, 2015 to deal with cases of children in need of care
and protection. These issues are not only discussed but are addressed with legal
and rehabilitative measures.

During the committee proceedings, cases related to child abuse,

abandonment, trafficking, missing children, child labor, child marriage, and
neglect are brought before the panel. The CWC members examine each case
thoroughly, often involving interviews with the child, family members, Child line
teams, and social workers, to ensure that decisions are child-centric and
prioritize the best interest of the child.

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Actions taken include:

 Immediate care orders to shift children to safe shelter homes.

 Medical or psychological assessments.
 Educational or vocational rehabilitation plans.
 Legal steps for custody or repatriation.
 Recommendations for counseling, sponsorships, or long-term care.

Case Study: Rescue and Rehabilitation of a Trafficked Girl

A 14-year-old girl was rescued from a city where she had been trafficked for
domestic labor. She was produced before the CWC by Child line and local police.

During the inquiry, the girl revealed emotional and physical abuse. The
CWC immediately ordered a safe shelter home placement and directed a medical
check-up. They also ordered counseling and began the process of tracing her
family.

After verification, her family in another district was found. The CWC then
arranged for family counseling and safe repatriation. They also ensured the child
was enrolled back in school with the help of the DCPU.

This case reflected how swift legal action, child-friendly procedures, and
inter-agency coordination can help a child rebuild her life.

Awareness

The CWC members expressed concern that community awareness about Village
and Block Level Child Protection Committees (VCPCs/BCPCs) remains very low.
While these grassroots committees are critical for early identification and
prevention of child protection violations, many villagers either do not know of
their existence or are unaware of their role.

The CWC often uses its platform to recommend:

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 Sensitization workshops at the village level.

 Training local members (e.g., Sarpanch, ASHA workers) on child protection.
 Active involvement of VCPCs in reporting and follow-ups.
 Coordinated awareness campaigns with schools, Anganwadis, and health
centers.

During our field work, we were also encouraged to spread awareness about how
VCPCs can be a bridge between vulnerable children and institutional support
systems like CWC.

Suggestions

 Child Participation: Include children’s feedback on services provided

post-rescue or reintegration.
 Round-the-Clock Support: Ensure at least one member is available for
emergency decisions beyond office hours.
 Transparency in Decision-Making: Maintain publicly accessible monthly
case summaries (with identity protection).
 Community Liaison Officers: Appoint block-level representatives for
grassroots coordination.

Learning:
From my CWC visit, I learned how this quasi-judicial body acts as a
guardian authority for children in need of care and protection. Their role in
making prompt decisions—be it rescue, foster care, or institutionalization—
requires a careful balance of law, ethics, and urgency. The visit deepened my
understanding of case hearings, child rescue operations, and how each decision
impacts a child's life.

A photograph of CWC Members list

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
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[Link] work report of the Child Welfare Protection Officer (CWPO)

Objective

Interaction with the Child Welfare Protection Officer (CWPO)

The objective of engaging with the Child Welfare Protection Officer (CWPO)
during our field work was to gain a first-hand understanding of their role,
responsibilities, and challenges in the implementation of child protection
mechanisms at the grassroots level. As a key functionary under the Integrated
Child Protection Scheme (ICPS)and Mission Vatsalya, the CWPO acts as the
crucial link between the government system and children in need of care and
protection.

Through this interaction, we aimed to explore how CWPOs identify

vulnerable children in the community, respond to cases of abuse, neglect,
trafficking, and child marriage, and coordinate with various stakeholders such as
the Child Welfare Committee (CWC), police, NGOs, schools, and panchayats. This
experience was not only informative but also emotionally grounding, as we
understood the sensitivity, urgency, and dedication required in their everyday
work.

The visit helped us observe the CWPO's role in case management, home
visits, rescue operations, family counseling, and rehabilitation planning. We also
learned about the practical challenges they face — such as lack of resources,
community resistance, and delays in coordination — and how they overcome
them with persistence, compassion, and a strong sense of duty.

This interaction left a deep impression on us, reminding us that child

protection is not just a policy on paper but a lived responsibility, carried out by
committed professionals who often work quietly behind the scenes. The CWPO’s

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work reflected not only administrative efficiency but also empathy, resilience,
and humanity, which are core values in the field of social work and child rights.

Discussion on Children's Issues

Yes, the Child Welfare Protection Officer (CWPO) actively discusses children's
issues at the ground level, often being the first responder to distress cases
reported from the community. The CWPO handles both preventive and
emergency child protection work, and brings these concerns to larger forums like
the DCPU or CWC when necessary.

Common issues addressed include:

 School dropouts or children at risk of child marriage.

 Cases of abuse or neglect at home.
 Missing or abandoned children.
 Children found working illegally.
 Children with no parental care (especially after COVID or disasters).

The CWPO often works closely with Anganwadi Workers, Panchayat Leaders,
Teachers, Childline 1098, and Police to address the problems on-site, and
submits reports or presents children before the CWC as needed.

Case Study: Stopping a Child Marriage through Community Alert

A 16-year-old girl was reported to be getting married in a remote village. A
concerned school teacher alerted the CWPO.

The CWPO, along with the Block Protection Officer and Childline, rushed to
the spot and sensitively engaged with the family. The team invoked the
Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, explained the legal consequences, and offered
alternative support for the girl’s continued education.

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The marriage was successfully halted. The CWPO followed up with

counselling sessions for the family and regular monitoring of the girl’s education
through the local VCPC.

This case highlighted how community vigilance, timely intervention, and

legal tools can protect children when field-level officers like CWPO are active and
responsive.

Awareness

During our discussion with the CWPO, it became clear that most communities are
still unaware of Village or Block Child Protection Committees and their purpose.
Many see child protection as solely a government responsibility and are unaware
of the preventive role they themselves can play through VCPCs.

The CWPO is working to bridge this gap by:

 Organizing village-level awareness campaigns.

 Training local influencers (Sarpanch, SHGs, school heads).
 Encouraging community reporting through Childline or directly to the
CWPO.
 Distributing IEC materials (Information, Education, Communication).

As field work interns, we also took the opportunity to raise awareness among
villagers and schoolchildren about:

 The role of VCPCs/BCPCs.

 How to report violations.

The importance of community-based vigilance in child protection.

Suggestions

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 Mandatory Certification: All CWPOs should be trained and certified in

child psychology and rights within six months of appointment.
 Visibility and Trust-Building: Organize school visits and public meets so
children recognize and trust CWPOs.
 Female CWPOs in All Stations: Ensure gender representation to
address cases involving girl children effectively.
 Joint Reviews: CWPOs to conduct joint monthly reviews with CWC/DCPU.

Learning:
The CWPO’s role exposed me to how policing can be child-friendly. I
learned how CWPOs handle FIRs, rescue operations, and investigations
involving children with special sensitivity. Their role is a bridge between law
enforcement and child protection. It was eye-opening to see the effort to
minimize secondary trauma during police interventions and ensure that
children's rights are upheld during legal procedures.

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3. Field Work Report of District Child Protection Unit (DCPU)

Objective

Interaction with the District Child Protection Unit (DCPU)

The objective of our interaction with the District Child Protection Unit
(DCPU) was to understand the district-level coordination and implementation of
child protection services under the framework of the Integrated Child Protection
Scheme (ICPS) and Mission Vatsalya. As the central administrative body
responsible for child welfare in the district, the DCPU plays a vital role in policy
execution, case monitoring, rescue operations, and the rehabilitation of children
in need of care and protection.

Through this field engagement, we sought to observe how the DCPU

functions as a nodal agency—facilitating coordination between the Child Welfare
Committee (CWC), Child line services, NGOs, shelter homes, Juvenile Justice
Boards (JJB), and other institutional stakeholders. We aimed to understand how
data is collected, how vulnerable children are identified and tracked and how
timely interventions are planned and executed.

During our visit, we witnessed the real-world complexities of child

protection at the district level. The staff shared their experiences of responding
to child marriage cases, child labor rescues, school dropout interventions, and
the repatriation of missing or trafficked children. We were particularly moved by
their stories of successful restorations and long-term follow-ups, which require
not just legal knowledge, but emotional intelligence, community trust, and
unwavering dedication.

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The DCPU officers demonstrated that child protection is not just a job—it is
a mission that demands sensitivity, urgency, and collaboration. We learned that
true child welfare requires systems that are not only legally strong but also
humanely responsive to the unique situations each child faces.

This experience enriched our understanding of the importance of inter-

agency cooperation, field documentation, and the ethical responsibility that
comes with handling vulnerable lives. It reinforced our belief that lasting change
for children begins with well-coordinated, locally-rooted systems like the DCPU.

Discussion on Children's Issues

Yes, the District Child Protection Officer and the DCPU team actively discuss a
wide range of children’s issues as part of their core responsibilities. These
discussions are held regularly in review meetings, case conferences, inter-
departmental sessions, and field-level assessments. The issues commonly
addressed include:

 Child marriage
 Child labor and trafficking
 Abuse (physical, emotional, or sexual)
 Dropouts and education gaps
 Neglected or abandoned children
 Children in conflict with the law
 Children with special needs

The DCPO plays a central coordinating role in addressing these issues by:

 Ensuring that reports of child rights violations are followed up.

 Collaborating with police, Child line 1098, CWC, NGOs, and VCPCs.
 Referring children to shelter homes, counseling services, or vocational
training as per need.

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 Organizing case management meetings to monitor progress and ensure

rehabilitation.
 Mobilizing emergency funds or support for children in dire situations.

These discussions are often action-oriented, meaning they don’t stop at

identifying the issue—they lead to real-time interventions, rescue operations, and
child-centered solutions.

Case Studies

During our interaction, the DCPO shared several moving examples that reflected
both the challenges and successes of child protection work. One such example
was:

Case Study: Prevention of a Child Marriage in a Remote Village

A 15-year-old girl was about to be married off in a rural area. The matter
was flagged by a schoolteacher who had been sensitized during a DCPU training
session. The information was passed on to the Block Child Protection Committee
(BCPC), and the case quickly reached the DCPO.

A rescue team was formed immediately. The DCPO, along with the Child
line team and local police, reached the village and conducted an intervention
with the family. Through counseling and legal awareness, the marriage was
stopped.

The girl was later enrolled in a residential educational program, and the
family was connected to welfare schemes. Follow-up visits ensured the child was
safe and empowered to continue her education.

Such examples show how timely coordination, community alerts, and legal tools
can protect children when systems like the DCPU are functioning well.

Awareness

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
Rajasthan

One of the significant observations during our field work was that
awareness of Village and Block Child Protection Committees (VCPCs/BCPCs)
among community members is still very limited. While these committees are
officially formed and guidelines are in place, many villagers are unaware of their
existence, purpose, or how to approach them.

The DCPO acknowledged this gap and emphasized the need for greater
outreach, awareness drives, and community mobilisation. They also conduct
periodic orientation programs for panchayat leaders, ASHA/AWW workers, and
school staff. However, reaching deep into every hamlet remains a challenge.

During our visit, we got the opportunity to support these efforts by:

 Interacting with community members, explaining what the VCPC/BCPC is.

 Sharing information about how to report child abuse, neglect, or
trafficking.
 Encouraging villagers to actively engage with the local committee, attend
meetings, and report risks.
 Distributing pamphlets and explaining Childline 1098 services.

This effort showed us that awareness is the first step toward prevention—
when communities are informed, they can become the first line of defense in
child protection

Suggestions

 Village-Level Extension Volunteers: Appoint local protection volunteers

to report real-time issues.
 Digital Reporting: Develop a mobile app for reporting child rights
violations or tracking individual child cases.
 Unified Protocol Manual: Release field manuals for every staff member,
clearly defining roles, escalation channels, and emergency procedures.

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
Rajasthan

 Annual Child Audit: DCPU should lead an annual audit of all institutions
and children registered.

Learning:
The DCPU is the nerve center for executing child protection schemes. I
understood how this administrative body ensures coordination among SAAs,
CWCs, NGOs, and shelters. I learned about case monitoring, budgeting,
community outreach, and grievance redressal. The experience gave me a
systemic perspective of how large-scale child protection is operationalized at the
district level.

A photograph of interaction with DCPO [Link], Bapatla district

A photograph of DCPU

4. Field Work Report of Child Protection Police Officer (CPPO)

Objective of the Visit

The visit to the Child Protection Police Officer (CPPO) was conducted to
understand the specialized role of police in child-related cases under the
Juvenile Justice Act and the POCSO Act. The objective was to observe how
the CPPO ensures child-friendly practices during rescue operations, inquiry
procedures, and coordination with bodies like the CWC, JJB, and Childline.

Discussion on Children’s Issues

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
Rajasthan

The CPPO plays a critical role in safeguarding the rights of children during
legal processes. Major issues they address include:

 Ensuring children are not kept in lock-ups or exposed to criminal

environments.

 Protecting children during rescue operations (from child labor,

abuse, trafficking, etc.).

 Maintaining confidentiality and dignity during FIR filing and

statements.

 Coordinating with CWCs, DCPUs, and Childline to ensure children are

produced before proper authorities within 24 hours.

During the visit, the CPPO explained how being empathetic and well-
trained is vital for gaining a child’s trust and ensuring trauma-free
intervention.

Case Study

A 13-year-old girl was rescued from a child marriage situation based on a

1098 call. The CPPO responded swiftly with the Childline team, intervened
before the marriage could take place, and safely escorted the child to the
CWC. Legal action was initiated against the guardians, and the child was
sent to a shelter home for counselling and continued education. The
CPPO’s calm and respectful handling of the case helped avoid further
emotional harm.

Awareness

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
Rajasthan

The CPPO highlighted that many citizens are unaware of child-friendly

policing practices or the role of a CPPO. They recommended regular
awareness programs in schools, police stations, and local communities.
They also emphasized the need for internal police sensitization, especially
among new recruits, so child protection norms are followed consistently.

Suggestions

 Sensitization Training: Conduct monthly refresher sessions for all

police staff on child-friendly practices.

 Dedicated Child-Friendly Spaces in every police station, furnished

with soft seating and toys, to reduce trauma.

 Joint Rescue Operations: Strengthen coordination between CPPO,

DCPU, and Childline during emergencies.

 Community Engagement Drives: Involve CPPOs in public outreach on

POCSO, JJ Act, and reporting abuse.

Learning

This visit was an eye-opener in understanding how the police system,

when properly sensitized, can serve as a protective and empathetic force
for children. I realized that the role of a CPPO goes beyond law
enforcement—it's about ensuring a child's dignity and mental well-being
throughout the legal process. A child-friendly approach during the first
point of contact can deeply influence a child’s sense of justice and trust in
the system. It reaffirmed my belief that compassion in policing is not a
weakness—it is strength in its most humane form.

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
Rajasthan

5. Field Work Report of Specialized Adoption Agency (SAA)

Objective of the Visit

The main objective of visiting a Specialized Adoption Agency (SAA) was to

understand how the adoption process is implemented in a legally regulated,
ethical, and child-centric manner. SAAs are institutions recognized under the
Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015 to take care of
orphaned, abandoned, and surrendered children and facilitate their adoption.
This visit aimed to explore how the agency works in the best interest of the child
by ensuring safe rehabilitation and permanent family placement through legal
adoption processes.

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Rajasthan

Discussion on Children’s Issues

At the SAA, child protection professionals—such as social workers, nurses,

caregivers, and counselors—regularly discuss various issues related to the care
and well-being of children in the institution. These issues include:

 Health concerns: Routine checkups, immunizations, and treatment for

any illnesses.
 Emotional needs: Comforting abandoned or surrendered infants and
toddlers who have faced neglect or trauma.
 Legal processing: Timely documentation, court processes, and CARA
(Central Adoption Resource Authority) registration.
 Family tracing and counselling: In case of surrendered children,
biological parents are counselled and their consent is legally processed
before adoption.

The team addresses these issues in regular case management meetings, where
each child’s status is reviewed, and timelines for adoption are monitored.

Case Study: Finding a Forever Family

During our visit, we learned about a 2-year-old girl who was surrendered
by her biological mother due to severe domestic violence and poverty. After
proper legal procedures, she was declared legally free for adoption. The SAA staff
ensured her proper care, nutrition, and emotional development.

Through the CARA portal, a suitable prospective adoptive parent (PAP) was
matched, and the legal adoption process was completed through the District
Child Welfare Committee and court. The family was given post-adoption
counselling, and regular follow-up visits were planned.

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
Rajasthan

This example reinforced the idea that adoption is not just a legal
transaction, but a life-giving connection that ensures the child's right to a loving
family.

Awareness about SAAs and Adoption

It was observed that awareness about ethical, legal adoption through SAAs
is still limited in many parts of the community. Misconceptions, social stigma, and
illegal adoptions continue to pose risks to children’s rights.

The SAA is working towards:

 Conducting community awareness sessions to reduce stigma and

promote legal adoption.
 Collaborating with Anganwadi workers and ASHAs to refer at-risk
children.
 Encouraging prospective adoptive parents to register via CARA’s online
portal.

 Understanding the legal safeguards in adoption.

 Observing the nurturing care given to infants and toddlers.
 Sharing basic awareness about SAA functioning with local stakeholders.

Suggestions

 Centralized Matching System: Speed up matching using AI-based child-

parent compatibility scoring.
 Adoption Preparedness Program: Mandatory psychological training for
adoptive parents.
 Birth Parent Counseling: Where possible, offer support to biological
parents before surrendering the child.
 Open Day Events: Allow public, government officers, and NGOs to visit
and understand adoption processes to break stigma.

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Rajasthan

Learning:
My visit to the SAA was emotionally intense. I saw how adoption processes
are governed by legal, ethical, and psychological dimensions. From child
surrender to matching with prospective parents, I learned how transparency,
documentation, and child psychology are central to this process. It taught me
how every child deserves a permanent, loving family, and how carefully such
transitions must be handled.

A photograph of Interaction with SAA supervisor

6. Field Work Report of Childline 1098

Objective of the Visit

The purpose of visiting the Childline 1098 center was to understand how
emergency support services are offered to children in distress. We aimed
to learn about the helpline operations, rescue processes, case referrals,
and follow-ups with CWC and other bodies.

Discussion on Children’s Issues

Childline 1098 addresses a wide range of issues, including:

 Abuse (physical, sexual, emotional)

 Missing or runaway children

 Child labor and trafficking

 Abandoned or orphaned children

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
Rajasthan

They act as the first response team and coordinate with CWPO, CWC,
DCPU, and NGOs to rescue and rehabilitate children.

Case Study

A distressed call was received about a 10-year-old girl being beaten by her
step-parent. The Childline team responded within an hour, coordinated
with the CWPO, and rescued the child. She was produced before the CWC
and placed in a shelter home. Childline also conducted multiple follow-ups
to ensure she received counseling and educational support.

AwarenessThe Childline team emphasized that lack of public knowledge

about 1098 is a major barrier. They recommended that schools, slums,
and railway stations be routinely covered under awareness drives. They
also shared that false or prank calls sometimes waste critical time.

Suggestions

 Wider Promotion of 1098 through schools, autos, public walls, and

community radio.

 Training programs for volunteers and peer leaders on how to handle

emergency calls.

 More Mobile Units for faster ground-level rescues.

 Feedback Mechanism where children and families can share their

experience with the helpline.

Learning

From this visit, I understood the urgency and dedication required in

responding to children in crisis. I saw how one phone call can change a
life, and how teamwork among Childline, police, and NGOs ensures safety.

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It reinforced the idea that child protection is not about policies alone—it is
about being there for a child when they need you the most.

A photograph of interaction with AP tribal gurukul school staff

[Link] Work Report of Juvenile Justice Board (JJB)

Objective of the Visit

The objective of visiting the Juvenile Justice Board (JJB) was to gain a thorough
understanding of the legal proceedings and rehabilitative mechanisms for
children who come into conflict with the law. The Juvenile Justice Board is a
pivotal component under the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children)
Act, 2015, established to ensure that children are treated with compassion,
dignity, and understanding while addressing the causes of their behavior through
a rehabilitative rather than punitive approach.

Discussion on Children’s Issues

The JJB regularly deals with a variety of children's issues such as petty crimes,
substance abuse, theft, and occasionally more serious offences. The discussions
within the board are handled with a child-centric and rehabilitative approach. The
key strategies include:

 Conducting hearings in a child-friendly environment.

 Avoiding police uniforms, handcuffs, and traditional courtroom settings.
 Engaging Child Welfare Officers and Probation Officers to formulate care
and rehabilitation plans.
 Referring children to counselling, vocational training, and reformatory
education.

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Rajasthan

 Involving the family and community in the rehabilitation process where

possible.

Case Study

One of the cases presented involved a 15-year-old boy who had committed theft
due to poverty and peer pressure. The JJB conducted a careful inquiry into his
background, and rather than sending him to a correctional facility, they enrolled
him in a vocational training program and arranged for counselling sessions. This
highlighted how the Board emphasizes behavioral correction and support
systems over punishment.

Awareness

The JJB officials emphasized the crucial role that Village and Block Child
Protection Committees (VCPCs and BCPCs) could play in preventing juvenile
delinquency. However, they acknowledged a lack of awareness and active
participation at the community level. Raising awareness and strengthening these
grassroots structures was suggested as a preventive measure.

Suggestions

 Child-Friendly Hearings: Create visually soft, non-intimidating

courtroom environments with child-friendly furniture and flexible dress
codes for board members to reduce fear.
 Increased Legal Aid: Deploy child rights-specialized legal aid lawyers for
every child in conflict with the law.
 Pre-sitting Counseling: Mandate psychological assessment and
counselling before each JJB hearing.
 Time-Bound Case Disposal: Reduce pendency by streamlining
procedures and digitizing records.

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Learning:The JJB taught me how juvenile justice prioritizes rehabilitation over

punishment. Observing the procedures helped me understand the importance of
assessing a child’s background, trauma, and environment before decisions are
made. I learned that the board functions with empathy, legal knowledge, and
child-sensitive approaches, ensuring justice is served with dignity. The role of the
board members, especially in balancing legal frameworks with human
compassion, left a deep impact on me.

[Link] Work Report of Women and Child Development (WCD)

Department

Objective of the Visit

The visit to the Women and Child Development Department aimed to

understand the overarching policies, administrative frameworks, and field-level
implementations concerning child and women welfare. As the nodal agency for
planning and execution of child protection schemes, the WCD plays a vital role in
ensuring a safe and nurturing environment for children.

Discussion on Children’s Issues

The WCD department addresses several pressing issues related to children, such
as:

 Malnutrition and inadequate early childhood care.

 Child marriage, abuse, and trafficking.
 Gaps in school enrollment and retention.
 Need for cross-sectoral collaboration with health, education, and law
enforcement departments.

The department organizes monthly review meetings and collaborates with

frontline workers like Anganwadi Workers, ASHAs, and school teachers to identify
at-risk children and provide them with necessary interventions.

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
Rajasthan

Case Study

A notable intervention was shared about a 14-year-old girl in a tribal area whose
early marriage was prevented after timely intervention by the WCD officials and
local ASHA worker. The girl was enrolled back in school and the family was
provided with economic assistance through existing welfare schemes.

Awareness

Officials observed that while policy frameworks are robust, community awareness
remains low. Many local populations are unaware of the roles and support
available through child protection committees. The department has been
initiating capacity-building programs and awareness drives to address this gap.

Suggestions

 Decentralized Helpline Awareness: Conduct ward- and village-level

campaigns on 1098, legal aid, and support services.
 Empowered Anganwadi Workers: Train Anganwadi staff in child abuse
indicators and mandatory reporting mechanisms.
 Integrated Service Portals: Merge child data across nutrition, education,
and protection under a real-time dashboard.
 Capacity Building: Periodic training of CDPOs, supervisors, and NGOs on
child rights and legal frameworks.

Learning:
Through interaction with WCD officials, I grasped how policy and ground-
level implementation go hand in hand. I saw how schemes like Beti Bachao Beti
Padhao, ICDS, and POSHAN Abhiyaan reach beneficiaries. I also realized the need
for better inter-departmental coordination to address the multi-dimensional
needs of vulnerable children. The experience showed me how community
outreach and documentation play crucial roles in effective child protection.

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[Link] Work Report of Children’s Home

Objective of the Visit

The purpose of visiting the Children’s Home was to understand the day-to-day
operations and the long-term care provided to children in need of care and
protection. These homes are shelters for orphaned, abandoned, or neglected
children, where holistic support is provided until they are either rehabilitated or
attain the age of 18.

Discussion on Children’s Issues

Children’s Homes tackle several challenges including:

 Emotional and psychological trauma.

 Disrupted education and health issues.
 Reintegration difficulties with families or society.
 Need for vocational skills for future independence.

The home creates individualized care plans (ICPs) for each child and works
closely with Child Welfare Committees to ensure appropriate follow-ups.

Case Study One case involved a 13-year-old girl rescued from domestic
servitude. She was brought to the home by a childline team. Over time, she
received psychosocial supp

ort, was re-enrolled in school, and began participating in art therapy. Her self-
esteem improved, and she expressed hope about becoming a teacher.

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Awareness Staff members noted that many community members were unaware
of how and when to approach CWCs or report child abuse. Outreach efforts and
collaboration with schools and Panchayats were being used to bridge this gap.

Suggestions

 Mentor Program: Connect each child with a responsible adult mentor

from the community.
 Individual Care Plan Tracking: Digitize care plans and reviews to ensure
timely updates.
 Family Reunification Counselling: Prioritize safe home return with
intensive follow-up where possible.
 Green & Play Spaces: Develop eco-friendly surroundings and adequate
recreational facilities.

Learning:
The Children’s Home made me understand the importance of long-term
care for children who are abandoned, orphaned, or in conflict with families. I saw
how structured routines, education, play, and emotional support together
contribute to child development. I also learned the challenges of institutional care
—like staff shortages and funding—and how human warmth can still thrive in
these spaces.

A photograph of interaction with girl child home supervisor

10. Field Work Report of District Legal Services Authority (DLSA)

Objective of the Visit

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
Rajasthan

The visit aimed to explore the role of the DLSA in ensuring access to free
legal aid and justice for children, especially those in conflict with the law,
in need of care and protection, or victims of abuse. We also wanted to
learn about legal awareness camps and child-related legal literacy
programs.

Discussion on Children’s Issues

DLSAs help with:

 Providing free legal aid through panel lawyers

 Representing children in JJB and CWC

 Creating awareness about POCSO, JJ Act, and child rights

 Conducting legal literacy sessions in schools and institutions

They often collaborate with Childline, CWPO, and the judiciary to ensure
child-friendly justice processes.

Case Study

In one case, a 16-year-old boy accused of theft was granted bail and legal
support through the DLSA’s appointed lawyer. The boy came from a
marginalized family and lacked documentation. The DLSA ensured his
Aadhaar card was issued, arranged for counseling, and worked with the JJB
to direct him to vocational training instead of long-term detention.

Awareness

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
Rajasthan

DLSA staff shared that many children and families are unaware of their
legal rights. Schools, shelters, and slums often lack legal literacy, leading
to fear and mistrust of the system. They emphasized the need for youth-
friendly legal education and proactive outreach.

Suggestions

 Legal Literacy Workshops in schools and Children’s Homes.

 Special Fast-Track Panels for child-related cases.

 Street Law Programs to educate children and families in slum areas.

 Legal Aid Desks in CWC and JJB premises for quick access.

Learning

This visit helped me see the critical role of legal aid in restoring
justice and dignity. Legal procedures can be complex, but with DLSA's
support, even the most underprivileged children can be heard,
represented, and protected. I learned that access to justice should never
be a privilege—it must be a right made real for every child.

A Photogrph of interaction with DLSA Advocate.

FIELD WORK SUMMARY REPORT

Course Title: Certificate Course in Child Protection (2024–25)

Paper: Concurrent Field Work

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
Rajasthan

Paper Code: CCCP05

Submitted By: SUBRAHMANYAM PARIMI
Roll No./Enrollment No.:2024-2025-SPUP-CCCP-148([Link]. 15)
Faculty Supervisor: Mr. Bimal Kumar Samantaray
University: Sardar Patel University of Police, Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
Jodhpur

Background of Selection of Fields

The selection of field sites was driven by the objective of providing students with
practical exposure to diverse institutions involved in child protection. The
selected agencies offered insight into different facets—legal, administrative,
rehabilitative, and emergency services—within the Juvenile Justice and child
protection framework. These included:

 Specialised Adoption Agencies (SAA) for legal adoption procedures.

 Juvenile Justice Board (JJB) and Child Welfare Committees (CWC) for legal
adjudication and rehabilitation decisions.

 District Child Protection Unit (DCPU) for administrative implementation and

coordination.

 Women and Child Development (WCD) Department for policy-level

execution and child welfare schemes.

 Child Welfare Police Officer (CPPO) to observe police response in a child-

sensitive manner.

 Childline 1098 for emergency response mechanisms.

 District Legal Services Authority (DLSA) for free legal aid and child justice
outreach.

These visits helped us gain a comprehensive understanding of child protection

mechanisms functioning in the field.

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Experience of Field Work in Terms of Course

The fieldwork perfectly complemented classroom learning by offering hands-on

experiences with the concepts taught under:

 Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015

 Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, 2012

 Roles of institutions like DCPU, JJB, CWC, CWPO, and Childline

 Importance of legal aid and psychosocial support

Meeting field-level professionals, observing real cases, and engaging with

systems deepened our understanding of the law’s application and the emotional
depth of working with vulnerable children.

Observations During Field Work

 Infrastructure: Some institutions were child-friendly and well-maintained,

while others faced issues like inadequate space, poor sanitation, or lack of
privacy for children.

 Case Handling: Legal institutions like JJB and DLSA maintained detailed
records, but some rescue reports (from SAA or Childline) lacked timely
updates.

 Staff Competency: Officers from DCPU, CPPO, and Childline were generally
sensitive and committed, though some lacked formal training in trauma or
gender issues.

 Mental Health Needs: Children frequently showed signs of trauma,

requiring consistent emotional support which was absent in some
institutions.

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
Rajasthan

 System Coordination: In some places (e.g., CWC and CPPO), coordination

was strong, while elsewhere, bureaucratic hurdles delayed urgent
interventions.

Suggestions Related to Field Work

 Staff Training: Introduce regular capacity-building for all child protection

staff on trauma, communication, and legal updates.

 Awareness Drives: More public campaigns to promote Childline 1098, DLSA

services, and the role of CPPOs.

 Infrastructure Upgrades: Ensure privacy, hygiene, learning spaces, and

safety in all institutions.

 Emotional Support: Deploy full-time counsellors in every institution,

especially in DCPU and rescue shelters.

 Accountability Measures: Implement random audits, community feedback,

and digital tracking systems for transparency.

Learning from Field Work

 Gained legal literacy through exposure to court processes, FIR procedures,

and free legal aid systems.

 Developed report writing, observation, and teamwork skills through

documentation and group reflections.

 Understood the importance of empathy, active listening, and non-

judgmental support in working with children.

 Experienced real-world collaboration between government bodies, NGOs,

and law enforcement.

 Learned to see children not as cases but as individuals with potential,

trauma, and rights.

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
Rajasthan

Best Practices Observed

 Digital Case Tracking: Used in DCPU and some SAAs for regular follow-up.

 Art Therapy and Play-Based Interaction: Used by Childline and adoption

centers for building trust.

 Legal Outreach by DLSA: Legal literacy sessions and mobile legal aid
clinics for children and families.

 Child-Friendly Police Corners: Spaces created by CPPOs in police stations

for non-intimidating interactions.

 Rapid Response Teams: Activated by Childline 1098 for urgent rescues in

abuse or trafficking cases.

case study

Case Study 1: Intervention by Labour Officer in a Child Labour Case

A case of illegal child labour came to light when a group of workers reported the
presence of underage boys working in a small roadside food stall. The Labour Department
was informed, and upon receiving the complaint, the Labour Officer immediately initiated an
inquiry as per the provisions of the Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Amendment
Act, 2016.

The Labour Officer, accompanied by a field inspector and a representative from the
District Child Protection Unit (DCPU), conducted a surprise inspection of the premises.
During the visit, two children aged around 13 and 14 were found engaged in hazardous tasks
such as carrying hot utensils, cleaning heavy kitchen equipment, and working for over 12
hours daily. The employer could not provide any age verification documents or proof of
school enrollment for the children.

Recognizing the clear violation of the law, the Labour Officer immediately halted the
work, issued a Notice of Violation, and initiated the rescue protocol. In coordination with

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CHILDLINE 1098 and the Child Protection and Probation Officer (CPPO), the children were
safely removed from the site and taken to a temporary care home. A detailed report was
prepared by the Labour Officer, including statements from the children and employer,
photographic evidence, and documentation of the working conditions.

Legal action was initiated against the employer under the Child Labour Act and the
Juvenile Justice Act, with penalties imposed for employing children in prohibited
occupations. The Labour Officer also submitted a formal complaint to the local police and
Child Welfare Committee (CWC), ensuring the matter proceeded for judicial consideration.

Meanwhile, the Labour Officer worked with the DCPU and CPPO to ensure the
children's families were located and counseled. The children were later restored to their
families with an official undertaking that they would not be sent to work again. The Labour
Officer facilitated their admission into nearby government schools and coordinated with a
local NGO to monitor the family's socio-economic needs and provide educational support.

Additionally, the Labour Department, under the Officer’s supervision, organized a

community awareness campaign in the surrounding area to inform other employers and
parents about the legal consequences of child labour and the importance of education. Posters,
pamphlets, and street plays were used to sensitize the local population.

This case study highlights how a proactive Labour Officer, working in close
coordination with other child protection stakeholders, can play a decisive role in not just
rescuing children but also in ensuring their long-term rehabilitation and reintegration into
school and society. The incident reflects the power of timely inspection, legal enforcement,
and inter-departmental collaboration in upholding child rights.

Outcome

The two underage boys were successfully rescued from hazardous child labour. Legal
action was taken against the employer under the Child Labour Act and JJ Act. The children

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
Rajasthan

were reunited with their families, enrolled in school, and connected with a local NGO for
continued support. A community awareness campaign was also conducted to prevent future
violations.

Learnings and Reflection

The case showed how timely action and coordination among departments can
effectively rescue and rehabilitate children. It emphasized that child protection is not just
about rescue but also ensuring education, family support, and long-term care. Community
awareness is essential to prevent such cases. Overall, it highlighted the impact of strong
implementation and compassionate intervention in safeguarding child

Case Study 2: Ensuring Compulsory Education Under Nirbanda

Vidya (Right to Education)

— A Joint Initiative by CPPO, DCPU, and Local Authorities

In a semi-urban locality, local authorities became aware of a 10-year-old girl named

Meena (name changed), who had not been attending school for over two years. Her name was
never registered under any school system, and she was mostly seen helping her mother in
household chores and her elder brothers in vending vegetables at a local street corner. The
case came to light during a school enrollment awareness drive conducted by the District Child
Protection Unit (DCPU) in collaboration with the Child Protection and Probation Officer
(CPPO) and the Education Department as part of the enforcement of Nirbanda Vidya
(Compulsory Education) under the Right to Education Act, 2009.

During a door-to-door survey, Meena’s family was identified as one among many who
had either withdrawn their children from school or never enrolled them due to financial
hardship, gender bias, and lack of awareness. The CPPO, along with an outreach social
worker, visited the family and found that Meena had never stepped inside a classroom. Her
father had passed away, and her mother, a domestic worker, believed that schooling was
unnecessary for girls and that they should stay home to support the family.

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
Rajasthan

The CPPO patiently explained to the mother the legal obligation under the RTE Act,
which mandates free and compulsory education for all children aged 6 to 14. The team also
sensitized the family about available schemes such as free school admission, mid-day meals,
textbooks, uniforms, and bicycles for girls, which would ease the financial burden.
Understanding the law and support structure, Meena’s mother finally agreed to send her to
school.

The CPPO then coordinated with the nearest government school to admit Meena in
Class IV. A bridge course was arranged with the help of a volunteer teacher to help her cope
academically. She was also enrolled in the National Child Labour Project (NCLP) education
center for initial support. Further, the DCPU arranged for a counselor to visit her weekly to
ensure emotional adjustment and continuity. Meena quickly developed a love for learning and
began attending school regularly, participating in classroom activities and games.

To prevent recurrence of similar cases, the CPPO and DCPU, with the support of the
Village Education Committee (VEC) and local Anganwadi workers, launched a community-
level awareness campaign on Nirbanda Vidya. Through wall paintings, street plays, and
parent meetings, they promoted the message that education is not just a right but a necessity,
especially for the girl child.

This case is a strong example of how Nirbanda Vidya, when implemented with
compassion and legal backing, can bring life-changing transformation. Meena, who was once
hidden from the classroom, is now a bright, confident student with dreams of becoming a
teacher. The success of this intervention lies not only in her enrollment but in changing a
family’s mindset and mobilizing a community to support universal access to education.

Outcome

Meena, a 10-year-old girl who had never been enrolled in school, was successfully
admitted to a government school under the Right to Education (RTE) Act through the joint
efforts of the CPPO, DCPU, and local authorities. She received academic and emotional

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
Rajasthan

support, including a bridge course and counseling. Over time, Meena began attending school
regularly and actively participating in learning and play. A wider awareness campaign was
also launched to promote education and reduce gender bias in the community.

Learnings and Reflection

This case demonstrates how coordinated action, legal awareness, and community
engagement can break barriers to education. It highlighted the importance of sensitizing
families about the RTE Act and the support systems available for disadvantaged children. The
success of Meena’s enrollment lies not only in bringing her into the education system but also
in shifting parental attitudes and community norms. It reinforced that with compassion and
consistent follow-up, even deeply rooted issues like gender bias and poverty can be addressed
to secure every child’s right to education.

Conclusion on the Child Protection Ecosystem

Juvenile Justice Board (JJB)

The JJB plays a crucial role in providing justice through empathy and
rehabilitation rather than punishment. Observing how the board emphasizes
understanding the child’s background before making any decisions underscored
the importance of legal compassion and the rehabilitative justice model. It is a
platform where the child's voice is heard, and their future is prioritized.

Women and Child Development (WCD) Department

The WCD department stands at the backbone of policy execution for child
protection. Its coordination with other sectors—like health and education—
demonstrates a holistic approach. Meeting the officials and frontline workers
highlighted the crucial need for well-connected systems and well-trained
personnel to identify and respond to children’s needs proactively.

Child Welfare Committee (CWC)

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
Rajasthan

The CWC is the decision-making body that ensures no child in distress is

left unnoticed. Their ability to take prompt action—whether through rescue,
rehabilitation, or family reintegration—gives children a second chance. Observing
their structured procedures reinforced the need for sensitivity, legal knowledge,
and fast-track action in child protection.

Child Welfare Police Officer (CWPO)

CWPOs are specially trained police officers assigned to deal with children
in a child-friendly manner. The visit emphasized how their empathetic
intervention during rescue operations or legal proceedings can protect children
from further trauma. Their collaboration with the JJB and CWC forms a vital
support pillar.

District Child Protection Unit (DCPU)

DCPU acts as the administrative nerve center of the child protection

system. From compiling data to supervising institutions, they ensure
accountability and integration of all stakeholders. Observing their role reaffirmed
how systemic monitoring and strategic planning are key to long-term reforms.

Specialized Adoption Agency (SAA)

The SAA visit introduced the emotionally touching and technically complex
process of child adoption. These agencies bridge abandoned or orphaned
children with prospective parents. Witnessing their ethical, legal, and social
diligence emphasized how adoption can truly be a life-changing path for children
if handled with care and transparency.

District Legal Services Authority (DLSA)

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
Rajasthan

The DLSA plays a key role in ensuring children and their families receive
free legal aid and are aware of their rights. It supports victims in accessing justice
and links them to legal remedies and welfare schemes. Its presence in the child
protection system ensures that legal processes are accessible, child-friendly, and
timely.

Child Protection and Probation Officer (CPPO)

The CPPO ensures that rescued or vulnerable children receive proper care,
rehabilitation, and family support. By conducting social investigations and follow-
ups, the CPPO plays a crucial role in building child-centric solutions that are safe,

legal, and sustainable.

CHILDLINE 1098

CHILDLINE 1098 acts as the first point of help for children in distress. It
provides immediate rescue, care, and coordination with authorities like the
police, CPPO, and CWC. Its 24x7 availability and empathetic approach make it a
lifeline for vulnerable children.

Children’s Home

Children’s Homes are sanctuaries for those who are lost, abandoned, or
without parental care. The warmth, discipline, and care observed during our visit
underlined how these homes are more than just buildings—they are spaces
where children slowly heal and grow. It reinforced the idea that institutional care,
when humanised and well-managed, can be empowering.

Juvenile Justice System as a Whole

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Sardar Patel University of Police Security & Criminal Justice (SPUP),
Rajasthan

Collectively, these visits demonstrated that a multi-disciplinary, interlinked

approach is vital. Each stakeholder—be it legal, administrative, educational, or
psychological—has a role in the holistic development and protection of a child.

What stood out most in all these visits was the shared dedication of
professionals working tirelessly behind the scenes. Despite challenges like lack of
awareness in the community, limited funding, or case overload, their
commitment to children’s rights never wavered. The experience has not only
deepened our understanding of child protection mechanisms but has also
inspired us to advocate, educate, and work towards a world where every child
grows up safe, valued, and heard.

This fieldwork experience has been a vital stepping stone toward becoming
empathetic and effective child protection practitioners.

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