📄 PAPER 4 – KMC RE-EXAM (Full Exam Paper
with Answers)
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GROUP A (Multiple Choice)
1. If P(3,4,5), Q(4,6,3), R(-1,2,4), S(1,0,5), then
projection of RS on PQ is
· a) 4/3
· b) -4/3
· c) 1/2
· d) 2
Answer: a) 4/3
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2. Three vectors r, s, t and -r - s are
· a) Linearly independent
· b) Linearly dependent
· c) Perpendicular
· d) None
Answer: b) Linearly dependent
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3. If A is a square matrix, then A + A^T is
· a) Diagonal matrix
· b) Scalar matrix
· c) Symmetric matrix
· d) Skew-symmetric matrix
Answer: c) Symmetric matrix
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4. If Σd² = 150 and N = 6, deviation taken from
actual mean, variance is
· a) 25
· b) 20
· c) 15
· d) 30
Answer: a) 25
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5. lim(x→m) (x³ - m³)/(x - m) =
· a) 2m
· b) 3m²
· c) 3m³
· d) -3m²
Answer: b) 3m²
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6. Derivative of sin x with respect to cos x is
· a) cot x
· b) -cot x
· c) tan x
· d) -tan x
Answer: b) -cot x
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7. If a, b, c are three positive numbers, then
· a) a, b, c are in AP
· b) a, b, c are in GP
· c) a, b, c are in HP
· d) None
Answer: Depends on given condition
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8. The general solution of sin x = 1/2 is
· a) nπ + (-1)ⁿ π/6
· b) 2nπ ± π/6
· c) nπ ± π/6
· d) None
Answer: a) nπ + (-1)ⁿ π/6
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9. The value of ∫ sin³ x dx is
· a) -cos x + cos³x/3 + C
· b) cos x - cos³x/3 + C
· c) sin x - sin³x/3 + C
· d) None
Answer: a) -cos x + cos³x/3 + C
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10. Which is an approximate number?
· a) π
· b) √4
· c) 1/2
· d) 0
Answer: a) π
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11. The forces P and Q are in equilibrium. Their
resultant is
· a) P+Q
· b) P-Q
· c) 2PQ
· d) 0
Answer: d) 0
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GROUP B
12. a) Prepare truth table for p ∨ ~(p ∧ q)
p q p∧q ~(p∧q) p ∨ ~(p∧q)
TTTFT
TFFTT
FTFTT
FFFTT
Conclusion: Tautology
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12. b) If A and B are subsets of U, prove A - B =
A ∩ B'
Solution:
· A - B = {x: x∈A and x∉B}
· A ∩ B' = {x: x∈A and x∈B'} = {x: x∈A and x∉B}
· Both sets are identical
Hence proved.
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12. c) Define absolute value of a real number
Answer: |x| = distance of x from 0 on number line
|x| = x if x ≥ 0, |x| = -x if x < 0
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13. a) If f: R→R, f(x) = 2x - 3, find f⁻¹(x)
Solution:
· y = 2x - 3
· Swap x and y: x = 2y - 3
· x + 3 = 2y → y = (x+3)/2
Answer: f⁻¹(x) = (x+3)/2
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13. b) If log x = (log y)/(y-z), prove xyz = 1
(standard form)
Solution:
· Let log x/(y-z) = log y/(z-x) = log z/(x-y) = k
· log x = k(y-z), log y = k(z-x), log z = k(x-y)
· Add: log x + log y + log z = k[(y-z)+(z-x)+(x-y)] =
0
· log(xyz) = 0 → xyz = 1
Hence proved.
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13. c) Define skew-symmetric matrix
Answer: A square matrix A such that A^T = -A
Diagonal elements are zero, a_ij = -a_ji for i≠j
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13. d) Show A - A^T is skew-symmetric for any
square matrix A
Solution:
· Let B = A - A^T
· B^T = (A - A^T)^T = A^T - (A^T)^T = A^T - A = -(A
- A^T) = -B
· Hence B is skew-symmetric
Hence proved.
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13. e) Find quadratic equation whose one root is
1/(1+√3)
Solution:
· Rationalize: 1/(1+√3) = (1-√3)/(1-3) = (√3-1)/2
· Other root = (-√3-1)/2
· Sum = -1, Product = -1/2
· Equation: x² - (-1)x + (-1/2) = 0 → x² + x - 1/2 = 0
→ 2x² + 2x - 1 = 0
Answer: 2x² + 2x - 1 = 0
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14. a) Solve: |x - 3| + |x + 2| = 5
Solution:
· Case 1: x ≥ 3 → (x-3)+(x+2)=5 → 2x-1=5 → x=3
· Case 2: -2 ≤ x < 3 → -(x-3)+(x+2)=5 →
-x+3+x+2=5 → 5=5 → all x in [-2,3)
· Case 3: x < -2 → -(x-3)-(x+2)=5 → -x+3-x-2=5 →
-2x+1=5 → -2x=4 → x=-2
· Combined: x ∈ [-2, 3]
Answer: [-2, 3]
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14. b) If roots of ax² + bx + c = 0 are in the ratio
m:n, prove (m+n)² ac = mn b²
Solution:
· Let roots be mα and nα
· Sum: (m+n)α = -b/a → α = -b/[a(m+n)]
· Product: mn α² = c/a
· Substitute α: mn × b²/[a²(m+n)²] = c/a
· Multiply: mn b²/[a(m+n)²] = c
· (m+n)² ac = mn b²
Hence proved.
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15. a) If a = (1,2) and b = (-3,n) are collinear, find
n
Solution:
· 1/(-3) = 2/n → n = -6
Answer: n = -6
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15. b) If position vectors of P and Q are (1,2,3)
and (4,-2,1), find PQ and its direction cosines
Solution:
· PQ = (3, -4, -2)
· |PQ| = √(9+16+4) = √29
· Direction cosines = (3/√29, -4/√29, -2/√29)
Answer: (3/√29, -4/√29, -2/√29)
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16. Wages of workers:
Wages (000) 2-8 8-14 14-20 20-26 26-32
Workers 2 6 3 4 10
Find Karl Pearson's coefficient of skewness
Solution:
· Midpoints: 5, 11, 17, 23, 29
· Σf = 25, Σfx = 509, Mean = 20.36
· Σfx² = 12169, σ = √(12169/25 - 20.36²) =
√(486.76 - 414.53) = √72.23 = 8.5
· Mode class: 26-32 (highest frequency 10)
· Mode = 26 + [(10-4)/(20-4-0)]×6 = 26 + (6/16)×6
= 26 + 2.25 = 28.25
· Skewness = (20.36 - 28.25)/8.5 = -0.93
Answer: Skewness ≈ -0.93 (negatively skewed)
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17. a) Define linear combination of vectors
Answer: A linear combination of vectors v₁, v₂, ...,
vₙ is c₁v₁ + c₂v₂ + ... + cₙvₙ where c₁, c₂, ..., cₙ are
scalars.
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17. b) Difference between skewness and
uniformity
Answer:
· Skewness: measure of asymmetry of
distribution
· Uniformity: measure of how evenly data is
spread
· Positive skew: tail on right, Negative skew: tail
on left
· Uniform distribution: all values equally frequent
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18. a) Does limit exist at x=2 for f(x) = { 2-x², x≤2;
x-4, x>2 }?
Solution:
· LHL: lim(x→2⁻) (2-x²) = 2-4 = -2
· RHL: lim(x→2⁺) (x-4) = 2-4 = -2
· LHL = RHL = -2
Answer: Limit exists and equals -2
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18. b) lim(x→0) (e^x - e^{-x})/x
Solution:
· = lim (2x + 2x³/3! + ...)/x = 2
Answer: 2
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18. c) Define continuity of a function
Answer: A function f is continuous at x=c if:
· f(c) is defined
· lim(x→c) f(x) exists
· lim(x→c) f(x) = f(c)
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19. a) Find dy/dx if x³ + y³ - 3axy = 0
Solution:
· 3x² + 3y² dy/dx - 3a(y + x dy/dx) = 0
· 3x² + 3y² dy/dx - 3ay - 3ax dy/dx = 0
· (3y² - 3ax) dy/dx = 3ay - 3x²
· dy/dx = (ay - x²)/(y² - ax)
Answer: dy/dx = (ay - x²)/(y² - ax)
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19. b) Find dy/dx when x = a(1 - cos t), y = a(1 +
sin t)
Solution:
· dx/dt = a sin t
· dy/dt = a cos t
· dy/dx = (a cos t)/(a sin t) = cot t
Answer: dy/dx = cot t
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GROUP C
20. a) Prove determinant = (a+b+c)³
| a-b-c 2a 2a |
| 2b b-c-a 2b | = (a+b+c)³
| 2c 2c c-a-b |
Solution:
· R₁ → R₁ + R₂ + R₃
· First row becomes (a+b+c, a+b+c, a+b+c)
· Factor (a+b+c)
· Apply column operations to get upper triangular
· Determinant = (a+b+c)³
Hence proved.
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20. b) If z and w are complex numbers, prove |z|
+ |w| ≥ |z+w|
Solution:
· |z+w|² = (z+w)(\bar{z}+\bar{w}) = |z|² + |w|² +
z\bar{w} + \bar{z}w
· z\bar{w} + \bar{z}w = 2Re(z\bar{w}) ≤ 2|
z\bar{w}| = 2|z||w|
· |z+w|² ≤ |z|² + |w|² + 2|z||w| = (|z|+|w|)²
· Taking square root: |z+w| ≤ |z| + |w|
Hence proved.
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20. c) If x+iy = (a-ib)/(a+ib), show x²+y²=1
Solution:
· |x+iy| = |a-ib|/|a+ib|
· |a-ib| = √(a²+b²), |a+ib| = √(a²+b²)
· |x+iy| = 1
· √(x²+y²) = 1 → x²+y²=1
Hence proved.
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21. a) Define direction ratios
Answer: Direction ratios of a line are three
numbers a, b, c proportional to the direction
cosines.
i.e., l/a = m/b = n/c
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21. b) Find direction cosines satisfying l+m+n=0
and 2lm - mn + 2nl = 0
Solution:
· From l+m+n=0 → n = -l-m
· Substitute: 2lm - m(-l-m) + 2(-l-m)l = 0
· 2lm + lm + m² - 2l² - 2lm = 0
· lm + m² - 2l² = 0
· Divide by l²: (m/l)² + (m/l) - 2 = 0
· Let t = m/l → t² + t - 2 = 0 → t = 1 or t = -2
· Case 1: m=l → n=-2l → direction cosines: (1/√6,
1/√6, -2/√6)
· Case 2: m=-2l → n=l → direction cosines: (1/√6,
-2/√6, 1/√6)
· Angle between lines: cos θ = (1-2-2)/6 = -3/6 =
-1/2 → θ = 120°
Answer: (±1/√6, ±1/√6, ∓2/√6) and (±1/√6, ∓2/
√6, ±1/√6), Angle = 120°
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21. c) Equation of bisectors of 3x-2y-5=0 and
6x+2y+15=0 containing origin
Solution:
· Bisector formula: (3x-2y-5)/√13 = ± (6x+2y+15)/
√40
· At origin (0,0): first = -5/√13 (negative), second
= 15/√40 (positive)
· For origin to satisfy, take negative sign
· Multiply and simplify
Answer: (3x-2y-5)/√13 = -(6x+2y+15)/(2√10)
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22. a) Geometrical meaning of derivative
Answer: The derivative f'(x) at a point represents
the slope of the tangent line to the curve y=f(x)
at that point. It also represents the
instantaneous rate of change.
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22. b) lim(x→θ) (x cosθ - θ cosx)/(x-θ)
Solution:
· 0/0 form, use L'Hopital
· Derivative numerator = cosθ + θ sinx
· Derivative denominator = 1
· Limit = cosθ + θ sinθ
Answer: cosθ + θ sinθ
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22. c) Derivative of cos² x from first principles
Solution:
· f'(x) = lim(h→0) [cos²(x+h) - cos²x]/h
· = lim [ (cos(x+h)-cos x)(cos(x+h)+cos x) ]/h
· cos(x+h)-cos x = -2 sin(x+h/2) sin(h/2)
· cos(x+h)+cos x = 2 cos(x+h/2) cos(h/2)
· Product = -4 sin(x+h/2) cos(x+h/2) sin(h/2)
cos(h/2) = -2 sin(2x+h) sin h
· Divide by h: -2 sin(2x+h) × (sin h/h)
· As h→0: sin h/h → 1, sin(2x+h) → sin 2x
· f'(x) = -2 sin 2x = -4 sin x cos x
Answer: -2 sin 2x = -4 sin x cos x
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🎉 ALL 4 PAPERS COMPLETED
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