Scribd
Upload
6 views7 pages

Class10 Probability Notes Updated

This document outlines key concepts and formulas related to probability for Class 10 CBSE Maths, including definitions of important terms such as experiment, outcome, and event. It provides specific probabilities for scenarios involving coins, dice, and a deck of cards, along with examples and important results. Additionally, it highlights common exam questions related to probability.

Uploaded by

D.Menaga
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views7 pages

Class10 Probability Notes Updated

This document outlines key concepts and formulas related to probability for Class 10 CBSE Maths, including definitions of important terms such as experiment, outcome, and event. It provides specific probabilities for scenarios involving coins, dice, and a deck of cards, along with examples and important results. Additionally, it highlights common exam questions related to probability.

Uploaded by

D.Menaga
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CLASS 10 CBSE MATHS – PROBABILITY

IMPORTANT FORMULAS & KEY POINTS

1. Probability

Probability tells the chance of an event happening.

0 ≤ Probability ≤ 1

────────────────────

2. Formula of Probability

P(E) = Number of favourable outcomes / Total number of outcomes

────────────────────

3. Important Terms

Experiment:
An action with uncertain result.

Outcome:
Possible result of an experiment.

Event:
A collection of outcomes.

────────────────────

4. Probability of Impossible Event

P(E) = 0
Example:
Getting 7 on a dice

────────────────────

5. Probability of Certain Event

P(E) = 1

Example:
Getting a number less than 7 on a dice

────────────────────

6. Complementary Events

P(not E) = 1 − P(E)

or

P(E̅ ) = 1 − P(E)

────────────────────

7. Coins – Important Details

One Coin:
Total outcomes = 2
Outcomes = H, T

P(H) = 1/2
P(T) = 1/2
────────────────────

Two Coins:
Total outcomes = 4

Outcomes:
HH, HT, TH, TT

Important Probabilities:

• Getting 2 heads = 1/4


• Getting 1 head = 2/4 = 1/2
• Getting no head = 1/4

────────────────────

Three Coins:
Total outcomes = 8

HHH, HHT, HTH, HTT, THH, THT, TTH, TTT

────────────────────

8. Dice – Important Details

One Dice:
Total outcomes = 6

Outcomes:
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Important Numbers:

Even numbers:
2, 4, 6

Odd numbers:
1, 3, 5

Prime numbers:
2, 3, 5

Composite numbers:
4, 6

────────────────────

Important Probabilities:

P(Even number) = 3/6 = 1/2

P(Odd number) = 3/6 = 1/2

P(Prime number) = 3/6 = 1/2

P(Number greater than 4) = 2/6 = 1/3

────────────────────

Two Dice:
Total outcomes = 36

Smallest sum = 2
Largest sum = 12

Most important sums:

Sum = 7 → 6 outcomes
(1,6), (2,5), (3,4), (4,3), (5,2), (6,1)

P(sum = 7) = 6/36 = 1/6

────────────────────

9. Deck of Cards – Important Details

Total cards = 52

4 Suits:
• Hearts ♥
• Diamonds ♦
• Clubs ♣
• Spades ♠

Red cards:
Hearts + Diamonds = 26

Black cards:
Clubs + Spades = 26

────────────────────

Face Cards:
Jack, Queen, King

Total face cards:


12

(3 face cards × 4 suits)

────────────────────
Important Cards:

Kings = 4
Queens = 4
Jacks = 4
Aces = 4

────────────────────

Important Probabilities:

P(King) = 4/52 = 1/13

P(Queen) = 4/52 = 1/13

P(Face card) = 12/52 = 3/13

P(Red card) = 26/52 = 1/2

P(Black card) = 26/52 = 1/2

P(Ace) = 4/52 = 1/13

────────────────────

10. Important Results

• Probability can never be negative


• Probability cannot be greater than 1
• Sum of probabilities of all outcomes = 1

────────────────────

11. Most Important Exam Questions


1. Probability based on dice
2. Probability based on coins
3. Card probability questions
4. Complementary event problems
5. Finding probability from given data

You might also like