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Pip 5-7

The document discusses various types of valves, including plug valves, ball valves, and butterfly valves, highlighting their unique designs and operational mechanisms. Plug valves utilize a tapered wedge for sealing and require lubrication for optimal performance, while ball valves use a metal ball to control flow and are effective in low flow situations. Butterfly valves operate with a circular plate that can quickly open or close the flow, providing a simple and efficient design.

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4 views1 page

Pip 5-7

The document discusses various types of valves, including plug valves, ball valves, and butterfly valves, highlighting their unique designs and operational mechanisms. Plug valves utilize a tapered wedge for sealing and require lubrication for optimal performance, while ball valves use a metal ball to control flow and are effective in low flow situations. Butterfly valves operate with a circular plate that can quickly open or close the flow, providing a simple and efficient design.

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94 5.

VALVES

FIGURE 5.11 Check valve drawing symbols.

provide a tight seal against hard to hold commodities


and requires a minimum amount of space for installa-
tion. Unlike the ball valve, the plug valve uses a
tapered wedge rather than a ball to create a seal. This
wedge, or plug, has an elongated opening, which
when placed in the open position, allows the commod-
ity to pass through the valve. The plug is the only
movable part of the valve and its tapered shape
assures positive seating (see Figure 5.14).
Plug valves are designed with etched grooves along
the tapered plug to permit a lubricant to seal and lubri-
cate the internal surfaces as well as to provide a
hydraulic jacking force to lift the plug within the body,
thus permitting easy operation. The clear and open pas-
sageway through the valve body provides little oppor-
tunity for scale or sediment to collect. In fact the plug
FIGURE 5.12 Ball valve. Courtesy of Jenkins Bros.
seats so well that as the plug is rotated, foreign debris is
wiped from the plug’s external surfaces. These valves,
Ball Valve
however, do require constant lubrication to maintain a
The ball valve is an inexpensive alternative to other tight seal between plug and body. Figure 5.15 depicts
valves. Ball valves use a metal ball with a hole bored drawing symbols used to represent the plug valve.
through the center, sandwiched between two seats to
control flow. Used in many hydrocarbon process appli-
cations, ball valves are capable of throttling gases and Butterfly Valve
vapors and are especially useful for low flow situations.
These valves are quick opening and provide a very The butterfly valve has a unique body style unlike
tight closure on hard to hold fluids (see Figure 5.12). the other valves we have discussed. The butterfly uses
Ball valves do not use a handwheel, but instead use a a circular plate or wafer operated by a wrench to con-
wrench to control the flow. A 90! turn of the wrench trol flow. A 90! turn of the wrench moves the wafer
opens or closes the valve. This simple design yields a from a fully open position to a fully closed position.
nonstick operation that produces minimal pressure drop The wafer remains in the stream of flow and rotates
when the valve is in its full-open position. Drawing sym- around a shaft connected to the wrench. As the valve
bols for the ball valve are shown in Figure 5.13. is being closed, the wafer rotates to become perpendic-
ular to the direction of flow and acts as a dam to
reduce or stop the flow. When the wrench is rotated
Plug Valve back to the original position, the wafer aligns itself
Unlike other valves, the plug valve uses either a with the direction of flow and allows the commodity
handwheel or wrench to operate the valve. Plug valves to pass through the valve (see Figure 5.16).

PIPE DRAFTING AND DESIGN

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