Trigonometric Functions Part 4
三角函数
Henry Jia
The Addition Formulas for Sine and Cosine
If we let s=t in formula 1 and formula 3, what could we get?
The Double-Angle Formula
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Using a Double-Angle Formula
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Equivalent Forms of the Formula
cos 2𝜃 = cos 2 𝜃 − sin2 𝜃
Get the rest formulas by yourself.
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Exercise: Double-angle formula
Using Double-Angle Formulas to Prove an Identity
Prove the following identity:
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The Half-Angle Formulas
Exercise： Get above formulas from double-angle formulas.
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Example: Half-angle Formula
Evaluate cos 105° using a half-angle formula.
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The Product-To-Sum and Sum-To-Product Formulas
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Example: The Product-To-Sum Formulas
Changing a Product of Sines to a Difference of Cosines
Use the formula for sin A sin B to simplify the expression sin 15° sin 75° .
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The Product-To-Sum and Sum-To-Product Formulas
Convert the product sin 4xcos 3x to a sum.
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The Product-To-Sum and Sum-To-Product Formulas
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Example: Using the Sum-to-Product Formulas
Convert each expression to a product and simplify where possible:
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Using the Sum-to-Product Formulas
Expressing a Sum of a Sine and a Cosine as a Scaled and Shifted Cosine Function
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Summary
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Summary
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Trigonometric Equations
1
Consider the equation sin 𝑥 =
2
(a) Use your knowledge of the sine function (and not a calculator) to find all solutions of equation (1) in the open interval (0, 2𝜋).
(b) Find all real-number solutions of equation (1).
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Trigonometric Equations
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Inverse Trigonometric Functions
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Example: Solving a Trigonometric Equation by Factoring
Find all real-number solutions of the equation
cos 2 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 − 2 = 0
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Exercise: Using a Trigonometric Identity to Solve an Equation
Find all real-number solutions of the equation 3 tan2 𝑥 − sec 2 𝑥 − 5 = 0
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Squaring Both Sides to Solve a Trigonometric Equation
Find all solutions of the equation sin s + cos s = 1 satisfying 0 ≤ s < 2𝜋 .
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The Inverse Trigonometric Functions
As is indicated in Figure 1(a), the sine function in not one-to-one. Therefore there is no inverse
function. However, let us now consider the restricted sine function:
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Graph of inverse Trigonometric Functions
The graph of y =sin−1 𝑥 is easily obtained by using the fact that the graphs of a function
and its inverse are reflections of one another about the line y=x.
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Finding Some Exact Values of the Inverse Sine
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Exercise: Calculations Involving the Inverse Sine
Compute each quantity that is defined.
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Example: From a Trigonometric to an Algebraic Expression
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The Inverse Trigonometric Functions
We begin by defining the restricted cosine function:
As is indicated by the horizontal line test in Figure 5, the restricted cosine function is
one-to-one, and therefore the inverse function exists. We denote the inverse cosine
function by
𝑦 = cos −1 𝑥 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑟𝑐 cos 𝑥
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Exercise:
Graph of inverse cosine function
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Calculations Involving the Inverse Cosine
Compute each of the following:
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An Identity Involving the Inverse Cosine
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An Identity Involving the Inverse Cosine
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The Inverse Trigonometric Functions
We begin by defining the restricted tangent function:
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Exercise: Graph of inverse Tangent Function
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Transforming a Trigonometric Expression to an Algebraic Expression
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Exercise: Composing a Trigonometric Function with an Inverse Trigonometric Function
−1
Simplify the quantity sec(tan x), where x>0.
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