[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF SCIENCE

Course Structure and Botany sem.-III & IV Syllabus for Science FYUGP

[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany

Based on
UGC’s guidelines NEP-2020 “Curriculum and Credit Framework for Undergraduate Programmes-
CCFUP” and

Education Department, Government of Gujarat’s Uniform Credit Structure for all HEIs of Gujarat State
and Implementation of the Common Curriculum and Credit Framework under the National Education
Policy-2020
(No: KCG/admin/2023-24/0607/kh.1 Sachivalaya, Gandhinagar dated 11/07/2023) and

Standard Operating Procedure for Implementation of NEP-2020 for the State of Gujarat- HEIs of
Gujarat (No: KCG/admin/2023-24/865/ dated 26/07/2023) and

Additional content to be added to SOP published by KCG (No: KCG/NEP-2020/2023-24/893/ dated

28/07/2023) and
Additional content to be added to SOP published by KCG (No: KCG/NEP-2020/2023-24/1149/ dated
23/08/2023) and

Credit Framework for Four Year Undergraduate Programmes and General Guidelines for
Implementation of Four Year Under Graduate Programmes for SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY (No.
Academic / 90882/2023, Dt. 10-10-2023)

Botany sem.-III & IV Syllabus Effective from June – 2024 & onwards

1
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.
Programme Outcomes (PO):
By the end of the programme the students will be able to:

PO 1 Knowledge of Plant Biology: Students will acquire a strong foundation in plant anatomy,
physiology, taxonomy, genetics, ecology and evolution. They will gain an in-depth
understanding of plant structures, functions and interactions with the environment.
PO 2 Understanding of Plant Diversity: Students will develop an appreciation for the vast
diversity of plant life, including their classification, evolution and ecological roles. They
will be able to identify different plant species and understand their characteristics.
PO 3 Laboratory Skills: Students will develop practical skills in plant-based laboratory
techniques, including plant tissue culture, microscopy, molecular biology and plant
identification. They will be proficient in conducting experiments, analyzing data and
interpreting results.
PO 4 Fieldwork and Plant Identification: Students will be trained in fieldwork techniques,
enabling them to observe and study plants in their natural habitats. They will learn to
identify various plant species and understand their ecological significance.
PO 5 Multidisciplinary Knowledge: Students will develop a comprehensive understanding of
concepts, theories, and methodologies from multiple disciplines, enabling them to identify
connections and synthesize information across different fields.
PO 6 Interdisciplinary understanding: [Link]. students will gain interdisciplinary knowledge,
enabling them to connect concepts and approaches from different scientific fields.
PO 7 Adaptability: Graduates will be able equipped to adapt to new technologies, emerging
trends, and changes in their field.
PO 8 Research Skills: The programme emphasizes scientific research methodologies, equipping
graduates with the skills to design and conduct experiments, collect and analyze data and
draw conclusions based on empirical.
PO 9 Internship: An internship is an opportunity to enhance student’s professionalism. Students
will be able to learn how to conduct yourself in a work setting, interact with colleagues and
superiors, and adhere to workplace norms and ethics.
PO 10 On Job training: Student will be able to gain hands-on experience and develop practical
skills directly related to their job tasks and responsibilities. This will lead to increased
efficiency and productivity in their roles.
PO 11 Research project: [Link]. students engage in research projects or scientific investigations,
and will be able foster research skills, including the ability to review scientific literature,
design experiments, and interpret results.
PO 12 Environmental Awareness: [Link]. Botany graduates will have a deep understanding of the
relationship between plants and the environment. They will be aware of environmental
issues, such as habitat destruction, climate change, biodiversity loss and understand the
role of plants in addressing these challenges.
PO 13 Conservation and Sustainability: [Link]. Botany Graduates will have knowledge of plant
conservation strategies, including the protection and management of endangered plant
species and ecosystems. They will be equipped to contribute to sustainable practices and
advocate for the preservation of plant biodiversity.
PO 14 Communication and Presentation Skills: Students will develop effective written and oral
communication skills necessary for scientific reports, presentations and collaborations.
They will be able to convey complex scientific concepts to both specialized and non-
specialized audiences.
PO 15 Indian knowledge system: Students will be able to understanding of the fundamental
knowledge of any two special topics that are part of IKS.
PO 16 Value-added knowledge: Students will be able to understanding of the fundamental
knowledge of any two special topics that are part of value-added course.
PO 17 Career Opportunities: [Link]. Botany graduates will pursue various career paths. They
may work as plant scientists, ecologists, environmental consultants, horticulturists, park
rangers, educators or researchers. They may also choose to continue their studies at the
postgraduate level in botany or related fields.
2
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

Programme Specific Outcomes (PSO):

By the end of the programme the students will be able to:

PSO 1 Fundamental Concepts of Plant: Graduates will have a comprehensive understanding of

the fundamental principles and concepts in plant biology, including plant structure, growth,
development, reproduction, physiology and ecology.
PSO 2 Taxonomy and Identification: Students will be able to identify and classify different plant
species using appropriate taxonomic techniques and tools. They should have a good
understanding of plant classification systems and be familiar with the diversity of plant life.
PSO 3 Proficiency in Plant Identification: Students will gain skills in identifying plants based on
their morphological features, such as stems, leaves, inflorescences, flowers and fruits.
PSO 4 Understanding of Plant Structure and Function: Graduates will be able to describe and
analyse the structure and function of plants at the cellular, tissue, organ and whole-plant
levels.
PSO 5 Familiarity with Plant Ecology: Graduates will be familiar with the principles of plant
ecology, including the interactions between plants and their environment, plant community
dynamics and ecosystem processes.
PSO 6 Laboratory Skills: Graduates will possess practical skills in laboratory techniques
commonly used in botany, such as microscopy, plant tissue culture, plant genetics and
molecular biology techniques. They will be proficient in conducting experiments, analyzing
data and interpreting results.
PSO 7 Fieldwork and Plant Collection: Students will have experience in conducting fieldwork and
collecting plant specimens. They will know how to document and preserve plant samples for
further study and analysis.
PSO 8 Plant Conservation and Biodiversity: Graduates will be aware of the importance of plant
conservation and have a basic understanding of the principles and practices involved in
preserving plant diversity. They will be able to identify threats to plant populations and
suggest measures for their conservation.
PSO 9 Identify economically important plant species: Students will be able to recognize and
distinguish plants that have economic significance, such as those used for food, medicine,
fiber, fuel or industrial products.
PSO 10 Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology: Students will be able to understand the relationship
between traditional medicinal practices and the scientific basis of herbal medicine through
the study of ethnobotany and ethnopharmacology.
PSO 11 Understanding of Natural Products: Students will gain a comprehensive understanding of
natural products, including plant-based drugs, herbal medicines and other biologically active
compounds obtained from natural sources.
PSO 12 Understanding the Principles of Organic Farming: Students will be able to explain the
basic principles and concepts that underpin organic farming, such as soil health, biodiversity,
ecological balance and sustainability. Students will be able to design and implement an
organic farm plan.
PSO 13 Skill enhancement in a botany: students will be developed skill enhancement in various
field such as herbarium technique, mushroom cultivation, biofertilizers, nursery and
gardening, soil and water analysis and organic farming.
PSO 14 Environmental and Ecological Awareness: Students will understand the interactions
between plants and their environment. They will be able to analyse ecological processes,
such as plant community dynamics, nutrient cycling and the impact of human activities on
plant ecosystems.

3
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.
Evaluation Pattern for Four Years Course:
Semester-III
Course Title of the Paper Duration in the Credit Max. Mark Total
Code Hrs.
Theory Practical CCE (Written, SEE
Oral, Practical, (Summati
Integrated) ve – 50
Marks)
BOM305-2C Plant diversity -II 45 30 4 50 50 100
BOM306-2C Fundamental 45 30 4 50 50 100
Botany -II
BOM307-2C Phanerogams and 45 30 4 50 50 100
Medicinal Botany-
II
MDC303-2C Soil science and 45 30 4 50 50 100
technology
AEC303-2C English 30 00 2 25 25 50
SEC303-2C Introduction to 15 30 2 25 (15 Theory 25 50
Mushroom farming + 10 Practical)
IKS-2C 30 - 2 25 25 50
Total 255 150 22 275 275 550

Semester-IV
Course Title of the Paper Duration in the Credit Max. Mark Total
Code Hrs.
Theory Practical CCE (Written, SEE
Oral, Practical, (Summati
Integrated) ve – 50
Marks)
BOM408-2C Plant physiology 45 30 4 50 50 100
and ecology
BOM409-2C Basic and Advance 45 30 4 50 50 100
Techniques in
Botany
BOM410-2C Genetic and 45 30 4 50 50 100
embryology
BOE403-2C Plant and animal 45 30 4 50 50 100
cell Biology
AEC404-2C English 30 00 2 25 25 50
SEC404-2C Green house 15 30 2 25 (15 Theory 25 50
technology + 10 Practical)
VAC-2C 30 - 2 25 25 50
Total 255 150 22 275 275 550

Credit:
A Credit is a unit by which the coursework is measured. It determines the number of hours of instruction required
per week over the duration of a semester (Minimum 15 weeks/90 days).
• 1 Theory Credit = 15 hours of academic activity engagement in a semester.
• 1 credit of (practical/Internship/workshop-based activity/ Self-Learning-Online/Offline) = 30 hours of
engagement in a semester.
• 1 Credit of Experiential learning (field visit/industry visit)/Assignments = 40-45 hours of engagement in a
semester.
• Research Project/Dissertation: Entire Seventh & Eighth Semester (12 Credits).
4
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.
Students Performance and Evaluation Systems:
Following two components are included in the evaluation of students:
1) Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE)
2) Semester End Evaluation (SEE)
Sr. Evaluation Weightage (%) 4 Credits / Course 2 Credits / Course
No. (Marks) (Marks)
1 Continuous and 50% 50 (At College / Institute 25 (At College /
Comprehensive Evaluation Level) Institute Level)
(CCE)
2 Semester End Evaluation 50% 50 (Written Exams will be 25 (Written Exams will
(SEE) conducted by University) be conducted by
University)
Total 100% 100 50

Note: Minimum Passing marks required to be score by the students in each course and in each head (Internal and
External) is 36%.
Maximum Marks Minimum Passing Marks
25 09
50 18
100 36
1) Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE)
❖ Subject–wise CCE will be undertaken by the concerned faculty member(s). The mode of evaluation will be
decided by the Colleges / Institutes in their Staff Council.
❖ Normally CCE consists of class participation, case analysis and presentation, assignment, tutorials, slip tests
(announced / surprised), quizzes, attendance etc. or any combination of these.
❖ The students are expected to submit their answer scripts / reports of internal evaluation within the stipulated time.
Failure to do so may result in the script not being valued. Another part of CCE consists of mid-term written
evaluation, which is compulsory for all students. It can be done in a scheduled manner. The duration of the mid-
term evaluation shall be one hour.
Note: The documentary records of all the students shall be kept by the college / institute for having the
solution if any of the query raised by the students or if university asks for the same.
2) Semester End Evaluation (SEE):
The question paper structure of theory course for Semester End Evaluation (University / External Examination)
for 04 Credits / 5 Units Course / paper will be as follow:

Question No. Unit No. Type of Questions Marks (50) Duration of Examination
1 1 Question with Internal Option 10
2 2 Question with Internal Option 10
3 3 Question with Internal Option 10
2 Hrs.
4 4 Question with Internal Option 10
5 5 Question with Internal Option 10
Total 50

❖ The SEE carries 50% of the marks assigned to a course.

❖ For theory courses, SEE shall be of 2/1 hours for 4/2 credit courses.
❖ The Controller of the Examination will conduct these examinations.
❖ Paper setting and evaluation will be done by the internal / external examiners to an extent of 50% of the
evaluation process.
❖ This examination shall be conducted as per a schedule which shall be notified in advance. The backlog exam will
be conducted twice a year just.
❖ Appearance in all the evaluations is mandatory and no exemption can be granted except in the following case:
1. In case of inability to attend the exam due to reasons considered genuine by the Principal / Head of the
college.
2. In case of medical emergency, a certificate from the registered medical practitioner must be produced to the
Principal / Head before the commencement of exams.
❖ Eligibility Criteria to appear in SEE
5
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.
To be able to appear for the SEE, a student must comply with the following conditions, if certified by the
Principal / Head:
1. Should have at least 75% of attendance in all the courses put together
2. Should have at least 70% of attendance in each course / subject
3. Should not have any disciplinary proceedings pending against him/her
4. Should have no pending due
5. Should have appeared in all components of CCE.
6. The mid-term written evaluation is compulsory for all students.
Evaluation of 100 Marks (4 Credits Paper)

Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) – Formative – 50 Marks Semester End

Evaluation
(SEE) –
Summative – 50
Marks
Written Oral Practical Integrated Final Test
(Select any 3 types (Select any 2 (Select any 3 (Select any 2
from below list) types from types from types from
below list) below list) below list)
1. Weekly/Unit Test 2. 1. Viva/Oral 1. Lab work 1. Paper 1. Writing and
Open book/note test exam 2. Computer presentation/ Memory skill
3. Online test 2. Group simulation/ Seminar test
4. Essay/Article Discussion virtual labs 2. Field
writing 3. Role Play 3. Craft work Assignment
5. Objective test 4. Authentic 4. Co-curricular 3. Poster
6. Class/Home Problem work Presentation
assignment Solving 5. Activities and 4. Self and Peer
7. Reports Writing 5. Quiz brainstorming Evaluation
8. Research/ 6. Interview games
Dissertation 7. Open book
9. Case Studies reading
10. Project Writing 8. Inter Forum
11. Journal Writing Debate
12. Multiple Choice 9. Speech
Questions 10. Reading
13. Seen/Open Test
Question
14. Take Home
15. Assignment
Writing
15 10 15 10 50

Evaluation of 50 Marks (2 Credits Paper)

Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) – Formative – 25 Marks Semester End

Evaluation
(SEE) –
Summative – 25
Marks
Written Oral Practical Integrated Final Test
(Select any 2 types (Select any 1 (Select any 1 (Select any 1
from below list) type from type from below type from below
below list) list) list)
1. Weekly/Unit Test 2. 1. Viva/Oral 1. Lab work 1. Paper 1. Writing and
Open book/note test exam 2. Computer presentation/ Memory skill
3. Online test 2. Group simulation/ Seminar test
6
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.
4. Essay/Article Discussion virtual labs 2. Field
writing 3. Role Play 3. Craft work Assignment
5. Objective test 4. Authentic 4. Co-curricular 3. Poster
6. Class/Home Problem work Presentation
assignment Solving 5. Activities and 4. Self and Peer
7. Reports Writing 5. Quiz brainstorming Evaluation
8. Research/ 6. Interview games
Dissertation 7. Open book
9. Case Studies reading
10. Project Writing 8. Inter Forum
11. Journal Writing Debate
12. Multiple Choice 9. Speech
Questions 10. Reading
13. Seen/Open Test
Question
14. Take Home
15. Assignment
Writing
10 5 5 5 25

Note:
1. University will arrange practical and viva evaluation by internal faculty and external evaluator.
2. Marks of practical and viva will be considered under CCE.
❖ Question Paper Format for 4 Credit Course (Practical/Performance)
1. One Practical/Performance of 25 Marks (Viva – 10 Marks & Practical’s – 15 Marks) Each of Three
Hours Duration.
2. 25 Students per practical batch per teacher / examiner.
Practical Exam for 4 credit courses
Course Name Lab work Viva / oral exam. Total
(External) (Internal)
Major- 5,6,7,8,9 & 15 mark 10 mark 25 Mark
10
Minor- 3 15 mark 10 mark 25 Mark
MDC- 3 15 mark 10 mark 25 Mark
Note: Online entry of 25 marks for theory internal and 25 marks for practical external will be opened
separately.

❖ Question Paper Format for 2 Credit Course (Practical/Performance)

1. One Practical/Performance of 10 Marks (Viva – 05 Marks & Practical’s – 05 Marks) Each of One and
Half Hours Duration.
2. 25 Students per practical batch per teacher/examiner.
3. Marks of practical and viva will be considered under CCE.
Exam for 2 credit courses
External Practical Exam – 10 Mark (Marks Theory Internal Exam- 15 mark (as
of practical and viva will be considered under per CCE Evaluation of 50 Marks (2
CCE.) Credits Paper)

Course Practical (Lab Viva / oral exam. Written test (Any Integrated Total
Name work (External) (Internal) -2) (Any-1) Mark
SEC- III, 5 mark 5 mark 10 Mark 5 mark 25
IV, mark
Online
10 Mark for practical 15 mark for theory
entry
Note: Online entry of 15 marks for theory internal and 10 marks for practical external will be opened separately.

7
[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.
Suggested End Semester Examination Pattern

Paper style for sem.-III & IV (NEP-2020) Botany paper: Major-6,7,8,9 &10, Minor-3
and MDC-3.
[Link]. Botany Sem. –III & IV (NEP-2020) Examination
Faculty Code:
Subject Code:
[Time: 2 Hours] [Total Marks :50]
Instructions:
1 Attempt all the questions.
2 Answer with draw neat and labelled diagram wherever necessary.
3 Figures to the right side indicated total marks for the questions.
Q-1 Write the answer in detail. MARKS
A. 5
B. 5
OR
A. 5
B. 5
Q-2 Write the answer in detail. MARKS
A. 5
B. 5
OR
A. 5
B. 5
Q-3 Write the answer in detail. MARKS
A. 5
B. 5
OR
A. 5
B. 5
Q-4 Write the answer in detail. MARKS
A. 5
B. 5
OR
A. 5
B. 5
Q-5 Write the answer in detail. MARKS
A. 5
B. 5
OR
A. 5
B. 5

8
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

❖ Question Paper Format for 4 Credit Course (Practical/Performance)

1. One Practical/Performance of 25 Marks (Viva – 10 Marks & Practical’s – 15 Marks) Each of Three
Hours Duration
2. 25 Students per practical batch per teacher / examiner

❖ Suggested Question Paper Format for 2 Credit Course (Theory)

Paper style for Sem.-III & IV (NEP-2020) Botany: SEC theory paper-3 & 4
[Link]. Botany Sem. –III & IV (NEP-2020) Examination
Faculty Code:
Subject Code:
[Time :1 Hours] [Total Marks :25]
Instructions:
1 Attempt all the questions.
2 Answer with draw neat and labelled diagram wherever necessary.
3 Figures to the right side indicated total marks for the questions.
Q-1 Write the answer in detail. MARKS
A. 5
B. 5
OR
A. 5
B. 5
Q-2 Write the answer in detail. MARKS
A. 5
B. 5
OR
A. 5
B. 5
Q-3 Write the answer in detail. MARKS
A. 5
OR
B. 5

❖ Question Paper Format for 2 Credit Course (Practical/Performance)

1. One Practical/Performance of 10 Marks (Viva – 05 Marks & Practical’s – 05 Marks) Each of One and Half
Hours Duration
2. 25 Students per practical batch per teacher/examiner

9
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.
[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-III
(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)

Semester- III

Major (Core) -5: Plant Diversity -II Theory

Course Category Major (Core) -5
Title of the Course Plant Diversity -II Theory
Course Credit 03
Teaching Hours per Semester (15 45
week/ 90 working days)
Total Marks 50

Theory Course Outcomes - COs

On completion of the course, students are able to know:
1. Students will be able to know fundamental concept of bacteria, virus, Viroids and prion
enabling them to pursue further research, careers in microbiology and virology.
2. Studying the life history of Nostoc helps students appreciate the complexity and diversity of
microbial life, its ecological significance, and the potential applications that organisms like
Nostoc have in improving environmental sustainability and agricultural practices.
3. Students will acquire a thorough understanding of the life cycle of Batrachospermum,
including the different stages, such as morphology, Asexual and sexual reproduction.
4. Aspergillus is a genus of molds that are commonly found in the environment, especially in
soil, decaying organic matter, and indoor environments. By studying the life history of
Aspergillus, students can gain insights into fungal biology, the interactions between fungi
and their environment and its industrial applications.
5. Studying the yeast life cycle not only educates students about basic biological processes but
also demonstrates how these concepts are applicable to broader scientific, environmental,
and industrial contexts. This makes yeast an excellent model organism in both educational
and research settings.
6. Anthoceros is an interesting genus of non-vascular plants that falls under the category of
hornworts. Students can explore features such as cuticles, stomata, and rhizoids, anatomy,
structure of sex organ and sporophyte. Studying these structures can deepen students'
understanding of plant anatomy and morphology.
7. By exploring the life history of Funaria, students gain a comprehensive understanding of
bryophyte biology, ecological succession, and the resilience and adaptation of life forms in
diverse environments. Such knowledge enriches students' appreciation for lesser-known yet
ecologically vital plant groups and builds foundational concepts in plant science.
8. The study of Adiantum, or maidenhair ferns, thus provides a rich tapestry of learning
opportunities across multiple disciplines. It allows students to explore and connect with the
natural world while gaining skills and knowledge that are widely applicable in scientific and
environmental contexts. This holistic approach to learning can inspire students to appreciate
both the complexity and the elegance of nature.
10
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

1 Employability/Entrepreneurship/Skill Development પર કેન્દ્રિત થયેલ છે કે નહિ? Yes

2 Value added Courses Imparting Transferable and Life Skillsના ગુણો ધરાવે છે ? No

Major Yes Minor No

3 Skill Enhancement Courses No Ability Enhancement Courses No
Value Added Courses No Exit/ Vocational Courses No
Holistic No Multidisciplinary No Interdisciplinary No
4
Education
5 હિવયાાંગ માટે વવષય અંતગગત આનુસાાંગગક જોગવાઈ કરાયેલ છે ? No

6 New India Literacy Programme (NILP) મુજબનો વવષય છે ? No

7 Swayam પ્લેટફોમગ પરના MOOC વવષય પર આધાહરત આ વવષય છે ? No

8 ઇરડીયન નોલેજ સીસ્ટમ (IKS) પર આધાહરત વવષય છે ? No

Theory Course content: Unit No., Topics, Hours and Marks

Unit Topics Hours Marks
No.
1 Microbes
1.1. Prions and Viroids.
1.2. Cell structure of Bacteria.
1.3. Vegetative Reproduction in bacteria (Binary fission and
Budding). 9 10
1.4. Economic importance of Bacteria.
1.5. Generalized structure of Viruses.
1.6. Reproduction in virus (Lytic cycle and Lysogenic cycle).
2 Algae
Taxonomic Position (as per Smith), structure of Thallus, vegetative,
asexual and sexual modes of reproduction of the following genus.
(Life history -Excluding development): 9 10
2.1. Nostoc (Cyanophyceae).
2.2. Batrachospermum (Rhodophyceae).
3 Fungi
Taxonomic Position (as per Alexopoulos), structure of Thallus,
vegetative, asexual and sexual modes of reproduction of the following
genus (Life History-Excluding development):
3.1. Aspergillus (Zygomycotina).
9 10
3.2. Saccharomyces with haploid-diplontic life cycle
(Basidiomycotina).
3.3. Industrial applications of Aspergillus and Saccharomyces species.
4 Bryophytes
Taxonomic Position (Rothmelar), structure of Thallus, vegetative,
asexual and sexual modes of reproduction of the following genus: 9 10
(Life History- Excluding development).
4.1. Life history of Anthoceros.
11
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.
4.2. Life history of Funaria.
5 Pteridophytes
Taxonomic Position (as per Smith), structure of Thallus, vegetative,
asexual and sexual modes of reproduction of the following genus (Life 9 10
History - Excluding development):
5.1. Life history of Adiantum.
Total 45 50

Reference Books:
1. Alexopoulos, C.J., Mims, C.W., Blackwell, M. (1996). Introductory Mycology, John Wiley and Sons
(Asia), Singapore. 4th edition.
2. Anne. Regaed., Kumaresan, V., Arumugam, N. (2014). Algae. Saras publication, Kattar P.O. Nagercoil,
Tamilnadu. 1st edition.
3. Bendra. A and Pande. P (2013). Introductory Botany, Rastogi publication, Merrut.
4. Dube, H.C., A Text book of Fungi, Bacteria and Viruses (1985). Vikas Publishing House Pvt Ltd,
Delhi, India.
5. Gangulee, H. C., Das, K. S., Dutta, C. (2005). College Botany Volume – 1. New Central Book Agency,
India 1st edition.
6. Parihar, N.S. (1991). An introduction to Embryophyta. Vol. I. Pteridophyta. Central Book Depot,
Allahabad.
7. Singh, V., Pande, P. C., and Jain. D. K. (2015). A Text book of botany. Rastogi publications, Meerut,
New Delhi. 4th edition.
8. Singh, V., Pande, P. C., Jain, D. K. (2014). A Text Book of Botany. Rastogi Publications, Meerut, New
Delhi. 5th revised edition.
9. Smith, G. M. (1955). Cryptogamic Botany Vol. I Algae and Fungi. Tata McGrawhill Publishing
Company Ltd., New Delhi. 2nd edition.
10. Vashishta, B.R. (1987). Botany for degree students - Algae. S. Chand and company (Pvt.) Ltd Ram
Nagar-New Delhi. 7th edition.
11. Vashishta, B.R., Sinha, A.K. (2002). Botany for degree students. Fungi- S. Chand publication.
12. Vashishta, P.C., Sinha, A.K., Kumar, A., (2010). Pteridophyta, S. Chand. Delhi, India.

12
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.
[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-III
(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)

Semester -III

Major (Core) Practical -5: Plant Diversity – II Practical

Course Category Major (Core) Practical -5
Title of the Course Plant Diversity-II Practical
Course Credit 01
Teaching Hours per Semester (15 30
Week/ 90 Working days)
Total Marks 25

Practical Course Outcomes - COs

On completion of the course, students are able to know:

1. Student can learn to identify Nostoc and Batrachospermum and observe its morphological
characteristics through practical work.
2. By working with Aspergillus in laboratory, students can observe first-hand the
characteristics of fungal organisms, their growth patterns, reproductive strategies (e.g., spore
formation), and life cycles which is known as foundational work in microbiological lab
work.
3. Viewing yeast under a microscope helps students understand cell structure and observe
budding and other cellular processes in real-time.
4. Studying Anthoceros can involve fieldwork, microscopy, and experimental techniques. This
provides students with practical research skills and fosters scientific inquiry.
5. A comprehensive understanding of the morphology, internal structures, and reproductive
structures of Funaria will have enabling students to identify and study this liverwort genus
more effectively.
6. Students will be able to understand and describe the anatomy of Adiantum including its key
structures, functions and growth patterns.
7. In the field, students can see a variety of plant species that aren't typically found in
classroom settings. This first-hand experience helps them understand plant diversity,
recognize different species, and learn about their physical characteristics and adaptations.

1 Employability/Entrepreneurship/Skill Development પર કેન્દ્રિત થયેલ છે કે નહિ? Yes

2 Value added Courses Imparting Transferable and Life Skillsના ગુણો ધરાવે છે ? No

Major Yes Minor No

3 Skill Enhancement Courses No Ability Enhancement Courses No
Value Added Courses No Exit/ Vocational Courses No
Holistic No Multidisciplinary No Interdisciplinary No
4
Education

13
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

5 હિવયાાંગમાટે વવષય અંતગગત આનુસાાંગગક જોગવાઈ કરાયેલ છે ? No

6 New India Literacy Programme (NILP) મુજબનો વવષય છે ? No

7 Swayam પ્લેટફોમગ પરના MOOC વવષય પર આધાહરત આ વવષય છે ? No

8 ઇરડીયન નોલેજ સીસ્ટમ (IKS) પર આધાહરત વવષય છે ? No

Practical course content

Pr. No. Practical
1 To Study of morphology and reproductive structures in Nostoc.
2 To Study of morphology and reproductive structures in Batrachospermum.
3 To Study of morphology and reproductive structures in Aspergillus.
4 To Study of morphology and reproductive structures in Saccharomyces.
5 To Study the morphology, anatomy and reproductive structures of Anthoceros.
6 To Study the morphology and anatomy structures in Funaria.
7 To Study the reproductive structures in Funaria.
8 To Study the morphology and anatomy structures in Adiantum.
9 To Study the reproductive structures in Adiantum.
10 Field visit for observation of different plant diversity and submit tour report to department.

Reference Books:
1. Bendre, A. M. and Ashok Kumar, (2009) A Text book of Practical Botany Vol. I & II. Rastogi
Publications, Meerut. 9th edition.

14
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.
[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-III
(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)
SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY RAJKOT
Practical Skeleton: Major -5: Plant Diversity - II
Time: -3 hours Date: -------------------- Total Marks: - 25
Q-1 Identify and describe the given specimen “A” and “B”. (Algae, Fungi) 6M
X Y
A A
B B
Q-2 Identify and describe the specimen “C” and “D” with diagrams. (Bryophytes, 6M
Pteridophytes)
X Y
C C
D D
Q-3 Rotation E and F. (Algae, Fungi, Bryophytes and Pteridophytes) 3M
E
F
Q-5 Viva+ Journal. 10M

Instructions:
• Certified journal is must and minimum requirement to appearing for semester end practical
examination.
• Should have at least 75% attendance in practical sessions during the semester.
• Time duration: 3 Hours.
As per Saurashtra University General Guidelines (No. Academic / 90882/2023, Dt. 10-10-2023)

Note:
1. University will arrange practical and viva evaluation by internal faculty and external evaluator.
2. Marks of practical and viva will be considered under CCE.
❖ Question Paper Format for 4 Credit Course (Practical/Performance)
1. One Practical/Performance of 25 Marks (Viva – 10 Marks & Practical’s – 15 Marks) Each of Three
Hours Duration.
2. 25 Students per practical batch per teacher / examiner.
Practical Exam for 4 credit courses
Course Name Lab work Viva / oral exam. Total
(External) (Internal)
Major- 5 15 mark 10 mark 25 Mark

15
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.
[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-III
(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)
Semester -III

Major (Core) -6: Fundamental Botany -II Theory

Course Category Major (Core) -6
Title of the Course Fundamental Botany -II Theory
Course Credit 03
Teaching Hours per Semester (15 45
week/ 90 working days)
Total Marks 50

Theory Course Outcomes - COs

On completion of the course, students are able to know:

1. Understand the concept of meristematic tissue as the primary growth tissue responsible for plant
growth.
2. Identify different types of meristematic tissue including apical, lateral, and intercalary meristems.
3. Understand the roles of simple permanent tissues in support, storage, and photosynthesis.
4. Understand the role of complex permanent tissue, its composition and its working to perform
specialized functions.
5. Understand the characters of eragastic materials in plant and their importance.
6. Will learn the various secretory tissue system in plants and their functions.
7. Identify specialized structures of the epidermis such as stomata, trichome and its functions.
8. Understand the adaptations of epidermal tissues to different environmental conditions.
9. Understand the significance of vascular tissue in plant growth and development.
10. Learn the evolutionary trend of formation of vascular bundles through stellar evolution in plants
11. Will able to understand differentiate between primary and secondary growth in plants.
12. Understand the formation and significance of secondary growth in woody plants.
13. Will understand secondary growth as the increase in girth or thickness of stems and roots in woody
plants.
14. Will learn the process of secondary growth including the activity of vascular cambium and cork
cambium.
15. Understand the concept of anomalous secondary growth in certain plant species and its
implications for plant anatomy and physiology.

1 Employability/Entrepreneurship/Skill Development પરકેન્દ્રિતથયેલછે કેનન્દ્િ? Yes

2 Value added Courses Imparting Transferable and Life Skillsનાગુણોધરાવેછે? No

Major Yes Minor No

3 Skill Enhancement Courses No Ability Enhancement Courses No
Value Added Courses No Exit/ Vocational Courses No
Holistic No Multidisciplinary No Interdisciplinary No
4 Education

5 દિવયાાંગમાટેન્દ્વષયઅાંતગગતઆનુસાાંન્દ્ગકજોગવાઈકરાયેલછે ? No

6 New India Literacy Programme (NILP) મુજબનોન્દ્વષયછે ? No

16
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

7 Swayam પ્લેટફોમગપરના MOOC ન્દ્વષયપરઆધાદરતઆન્દ્વષયછે ? No

8 ઇરડીયનનોલેજસીસ્ટમ (IKS) પરઆધાદરતન્દ્વષયછે ? No

Theory Course content: Unit No., Topics, Hours and Marks

Unit No. Topics Hours Marks
1 MERISTEMATIC TISSUE
1.1. Meristematic tissue: Characteristics and classification (Based on
Position in Plant body).
1.2. Shoot apical meristem: Theories of shoot apical organization
9 10
(Apical cell theory).
1.3. Root Apical meristem: Theories of root apical organization
(Apical cell theory).
1.4. Cambium: Origin, Duration and function of Cambium.
2 PERMANENT TISSUE
2.1. Simple permanent tissue:
2.1.1. Structure, types and function of Parenchyma.
2.1.2. Structure, types and function of Collenchyma.
9 10
2.1.3. Structure, types and function of Sclerenchyma.
2.2. Complex permanent tissue:
2.2.1. Structure and functions of Xylem.
2.2.2. Structure and functions of Phloem.
3 SECRETORY TISSUE, SUBSTANCE AND TISSUE SYSTEM
3.1. Secretory tissue:
3.1.1. External secretory structure (Glandular trichomes and water
Hydathode).
3.1.2. Internal secretory structure (Secretory Glands-Oil gland and
Latcifers). 9 10
3.2. Eragastic substances: Starch grain, aleurone grains and crystals.
3.3. Epidermal tissue system:
3.3.1. Composition or Structure of Epidermis and epidermal hair.
3.3.2. Stomata- structure and function.
3.4. Periderm.
4 VASCULAR TISSUE SYSTEM AND TRANSITION
4.1. Types of stele: Protostele, siphenostele, Solenostele, Dictyostele,
Polycyclic stele and Eustele.
9 10
4.2. Types of Vascular bundle: Radial, conjoint and Concentric.
4.3. Root stem transition.
4.4. Abscission of leaves.
5 ANATOMY, SECONDARY AND ANOMALOUS SECONDARY
GROWTH
5.1. Anatomical studies of monocot-root, stem and leaf.
9 10
5.2. Anatomical studies of Dicot- root, stem and leaf.
5.3. Secondary growth in Monocot and dicot.
5.4. Anomalous secondary growth in Amarantus stem.
Total 45 50

Reference Books:
1. Dr. B. P. Pande(1978) Plant Anatomy-, [Link] Publication, reprint 2016.
2. Plant anatomy and embryology by S. N. Pandey and A. Chadha S Chand publishing.
3. Plant anatomy and embryology by V. Verma and A. Agrawal, S Chand publishing.
4. Singh, Pande and Jain (2018-2019) A text book of Botany-Anatomy and embryology of
Angiosperms by, Rastogi publication third revised edition.

17
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.
[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-III
(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)
Semester -III
Major (Core) Practical -6: Fundamental Botany -II Practical
Course Category Major (Core) Practical -6
Title of the Course Fundamental Botany -II Practical
Course Credit 01
Teaching Hours per Semester (15 30
Week/ 90 Working days)
Total Marks 25

Practical Course Outcomes – Cos

On completion of the course, students are able to know:

1. Develop proficiency in using light microscopes for observing plant tissues.

2. Identify and differentiate between various types of plant cells and tissues under the microscope.
3. Practice proper slide preparation techniques for plant tissue samples.
4. Practice proper slide preparation techniques for plant tissue samples.
5. Perform tissue staining procedures to enhance contrast and visualization of cellular structures.
6. Learn methods of tissue sectioning, recognize and identify different types of plant tissues, including
meristematic tissue, simple permanent tissue, and complex permanent tissue.
7. Demonstrate the ability to distinguish between parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma cells.
8. Identify specific cell types within vascular tissues such as xylem vessels, tracheids, sieve tubes, and
companion cells.
9. Learn differentiation in primary structure and secondary structure through section cutting.
10. Learn anomaly in plants.

1 Employability/Entrepreneurship/Skill Development પરકેન્દ્રિતથયેલછે કેનન્દ્િ? Yes

2 Value added Courses Imparting Transferable and Life Skillsનાગુણોધરાવેછે? No

Major Yes Minor No

3 Skill Enhancement Courses No Ability Enhancement Courses No
Value Added Courses No Exit/ Vocational Courses No
Holistic No Multidisciplinary No Interdisciplinary No
4
Education
5 દિવયાાંગમાટેન્દ્વષયઅાંતગગતઆનુસાાંન્દ્ગકજોગવાઈકરાયેલછે ? No

6 New India Literacy Programme (NILP) મુજબનોન્દ્વષયછે ? No

7 Swayam પ્લેટફોમગપરના MOOC ન્દ્વષયપરઆધાદરતઆન્દ્વષયછે ? No

8 ઇરડીયનનોલેજસીસ્ટમ (IKS) પરઆધાદરતન્દ્વષયછે ? No

Practical course content

Pr. No. Practical

18
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.
1 Study the permanent slide/chart/ppt showing L.S of Shoot apex.
2 Study the permanent slide/chart/ppt showing L.S. of Root apex.
3 Study simple permanent tissues through section cutting / permanent slides/charts/ppt.
4 Study of xylem component through maceration technique.
To study eragastic substance- starch grains, aleurone grains and crystals by material/
5
permanent slides/ charts.
To study the structure of stomata in dicot and monocot leaf material / permanent
6
slides/charts.
To study different types of Secretory tissues-oil glands, digestive glands, and hydathode by
7
material/ permanent slides/charts.
8 Anatomical studies of any Monocot plant: Root, stem and leaf (Maize, ….).
9 Anatomical studies of any Dicot plants: Root, stem and leaf (Sunflower, ….).
10 Anomalous secondary growth in Amaranthus stem.
11 Field visit.

Reference Books:
1. Bendre, A.M. and Ashok Kumar, (2009) AText book of Practical Botany Vol. I&II. Rastogi Publications,
Meerut. 9thedition.

19
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-III

(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)
SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY RAJKOT
Practical Skeleton: Major -6: Fundamental Botany -II
Time: - 3 hours Date: -------------------- Total Marks: - 25
Q-1 Perform the experiment and show result/ preparation to the examiner (Simple/ 4M
Complex tissue/ Secretory tissues-oil glands, digestive glands and hydathode)

X Y
A A
Q-2 Perform the experiment and show result/preparation to the examiner 4M
(Root/Stem/Leaf of Dicot/Monocot, anomalous secondary growth)
X Y
B B

Q-3 Rotation: Identify and describe C and D (Stomata/Secretory tissue/ root 4M

apex/shoot apex/eragstic substance)
Q-4 Journal 3M

Q-5 Viva 10M

Instructions:
• Certified journal is must and minimum requirement to appearing for semester end practical
examination.
• Should have at least 75% attendance in practical sessions during the semester.
• Time duration: 3 Hours.
As per Saurashtra University General Guidelines (No. Academic / 90882/2023, Dt. 10-10-2023)

Note:
1. University will arrange practical and viva evaluation by internal faculty and external evaluator.
2. Marks of practical and viva will be considered under CCE.
❖ Question Paper Format for 4 Credit Course (Practical/Performance)
1. One Practical/Performance of 25 Marks (Viva – 10 Marks & Practical’s – 15 Marks) Each of Three Hours
Duration.
2. 25 Students per practical batch per teacher / examiner.
Practical Exam for 4 credit courses
Course Name Lab work Viva / oral exam. Total
(External) (Internal)
Major- 6 15 mark 10 mark 25 Mark

20
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.
[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-III
(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)

Semester -III

Major (Core) -7: Phanerogams and Medicinal Botany-II Theory

Course Category Major (Core) -7
Title of the Course Phanerogams and Medicinal Botany-
II Theory
Course Credit 03
Teaching Hours per Semester (15 45
week/ 90 working days)
Total Marks 50

Theory Course Outcomes - COs

On completion of the course, students are able to know:

1. Understanding Gymnosperm life cycle: By studying example of Pinus; students will get detailed
understanding of occurrence, morphology, reproduction, and life cycle of Gymnosperm.
2. Learning Economic Importance of Gymnosperms: Gymnosperms are used at variety of places
due to its peculiar characteristics. This knowledge will be useful to students.
3. Understanding of Phanerogam taxonomy: Students will be able to classify seed plants based on
morphological characteristics as per Bentham and Hooker Classification system.
4. Awareness of Traditional medicinal practices: Students will gain insight into traditional medicinal
practices including their historical context and cultural significance.
5. Knowledge of Pharmacologically active compounds: Students will understand the bioactive
compounds present in medicinal plants, and their pharmacological properties.

1 Employability/Entrepreneurship/Skill Development પર કેન્દ્રિત થયેલ છે કે નહિ? Yes

2 Value added Courses Imparting Transferable and Life Skillsના ગુણો ધરાવે છે ? No

Major Yes Minor No

3 Skill Enhancement Courses No Ability Enhancement Courses No
Value Added Courses No Exit/ Vocational Courses No
Holistic No Multidisciplinary No Interdisciplinary No
4
Education
5 હિવયાાંગ માટે વવષય અંતગગત આનુસાાંગગક જોગવાઈ કરાયેલ છે ? No

6 New India Literacy Programme (NILP) મુજબનો વવષય છે ? No

7 Swayam પ્લેટફોમગ પરના MOOC વવષય પર આધાહરત આ વવષય છે ? No

8 ઇરડીયન નોલેજ સીસ્ટમ (IKS) પર આધાહરત વવષય છે ? No

21
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.
Theory Course content: Unit No., Topics, Hours and Marks
Unit Topics Hours Marks
No.
1 Gymnosperms
1.1. Life history of Pinus including Classification, Morphology, Anatomy
and Reproduction. (Excluding development of sex organs). 9 10
1.2. Economic Importance of Gymnosperms (Food, Medicine, Timber,
Paint and Ornamental value).
2 Systematic Botany- I
2.1. Outline of Bentham & Hooker classification System (Sub-class, Series)
2.2. Taxonomic Hierarchy: Concept of Taxa (Family, Ggenus and Species)
2.3. Taxonomic studies as per Bentham & Hooker’s classification of the
following Monocotyledon plant families including examples of 9 10
economic importance plants:
2.3.1. Commelinaceae
2.3.2. Amaryllidaceae
2.3.3. Poaceae
3 Systematic Botany-II
3.1. Taxonomic studies as per Bentham & Hooker’s classification of the
following Dicotyledon plant families including examples of economic
importance plants:
3.1.1. Rosaceae 9 10
3.1.2. Apocynaceae
3.1.3. Verbenaceae
3.1.4. Rubiaceae
3.1.5. Euphorbiaceae
4 Medicinal Plants Botany-I
[Link] of Scientific name, family, distribution, parts used and therapeutic
uses of following medicinal plants:
4.1.1. Chanothi (Abrus precatorius)
9 10
4.1.2. Garmalo (Cassia fistula)
4.1.3. Karanj (Pongamia pinnata)
4.1.4. Saragavo (Moringa oleifera)
4.1.5. Baheda (Terminalia belerica)
5 Medicinal Plants Botany-II
5.1. Study of Scientific name, family, distribution, parts used and
therapeutic uses of following medicinal plants:
5.1.1. Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra)
9 10
5.1.2. Ginger (Zingiber officinale)
5.1.3. Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus)
5.1.4. Satodi (Boerhavia diffusa)
5.1.5. Sarpgandha (Rauwolfia serpentina)
Total 45 50

Reference Books:
1. Baruah B. (2017) Economic Botany. Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.
2. Chandra Prakash (2014) Medicinal Herbs & Plants of India. Swastik Publications. 1st edition.
3. Dutt Ashwini (2009) An Introduction to Medicinal Plants. Adhyayan Publishers & Distributors. 1st
edition.
4. E-Flora of Gandhinagar: [Link]
5. Kumavesan Annie (2010) Taxonomy of Angiosperms. Saras publication, Nagercoil, Tamilnadu. 3rd
edition.
6. Pandey B. P. (2016) Economic Botany. S. Chand Publishing, New Delhi. 7 th Edition.

22
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.
7. Pandey B. P. (2022) A Textbook of Botany: Angiosperms. S. Chand Publishing, New Delhi, 1st
edition.
8. Singh V., Pande P. C. and Jain D. K. (2014) A Text Book of Botany. Rastogi Publications, Meerut,
New Delhi. 5th revised edition.
9. Singh, Pandey and Jain (2017) Economic Botany. Rastogi Publication, Meerut.
10. Sutariya R. N. (1958) A text book of Systematic Botany. Khadayata Book Depot, Ahmedabad. 2nd
edition.
11. Vashishta B. R., Sinha A. K. and Kumar A. (2022) Botany for Degree students Gymnosperms. S
Chand Publishing, New Delhi.

23
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.
[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-III
(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)

Semester -III

Major (Core) Practical -7: Phanerogams and Medicinal Botany-II Practical

Course Category Major (Core) Practical -7
Title of the Course Phanerogams and Medicinal Botany-
II Practical
Course Credit 01
Teaching Hours per Semester (15 30
Week/ 90 Working days)
Total Marks 25

Practical Course Outcomes - COs

On completion of the course, students are able to know:
1. Gymnosperm characteristics: Students will gain knowledge on morphology, anatomy,
reproduction characteristics of Gymnosperms through example of Pinus.
2. Identification Skills: Practical course work will develop students' ability to identify plants
using taxonomic keys, morphological characteristics, and other diagnostic features.
3. Taxonomic Skills: Students will learn how to classify plants into different taxonomic
groups based on shared characteristics, including family, genus, and species.
4. Identification of Medicinal plants: Students will acquire knowledge to identify some
common medicinal plants, both in their natural habitat and in cultivated settings.
5. Phytochemistry: Students will acquire knowledge on various plant-based bioactive
chemical constituents derived from medicinal plants, such as alkaloids, terpenoids,
flavonoids, and other bioactive compounds.

1 Employability/Entrepreneurship/Skill Development પર કેન્દ્રિત થયેલ છે કે નહિ? Yes

2 Value added Courses Imparting Transferable and Life Skillsના ગુણો ધરાવે છે ? No

Major Yes Minor No

3 Skill Enhancement Courses No Ability Enhancement Courses No
Value Added Courses No Exit/ Vocational Courses No
Holistic No Multidisciplinary No Interdisciplinary No
4
Education
5 હિવયાાંગ માટે વવષય અંતગગત આનુસાાંગગક જોગવાઈ કરાયેલ છે ? No

6 New India Literacy Programme (NILP) મુજબનો વવષય છે ? No

7 Swayam પ્લેટફોમગ પરના MOOC વવષય પર આધાહરત આ વવષય છે ? No

8 ઇરડીયન નોલેજ સીસ્ટમ (IKS) પર આધાહરત વવષય છે ? No

24
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

Practical course content

Pr. No. Practical
Study of Gymnosperm Pinus: Anatomy of root, young stem and leaf by material / chart/
1
permanent slide.
2 Study of Gymnosperm Pinus: Reproduction (Male & Female Cone).
3 Study of plant family: Commelinaceae.
4 Study of plant family: Amaryllidaceae.
5 Study of plant family: Rosaceae.
6 Study of plant family: Apocynaceae.
7 Study of plant family: Verbenaceae.
8 Study of plant family: Rubiaceae.
9 Study of plant family: Euphorbiaceae.
10 Study of Medicinal plants: Garmalo, Karanj, Saragavo, Satodi and Ginger.
11 To visit Medicinal plant garden/ Nursery/ Field study and submit a study report.

Reference Books:
1. Bendre A. M. and Kumar A. (2009) A Text book of Practical Botany Vol. I & II. Rastogi
Publications, Meerut. 15th edition.
2. Sharma A. K., Sharma R. (2015) Taxonomy of Angiosperm & utilization of plants. Pragati
Prakashan.
3. Verma B. K. (2011) Introduction to Taxonomy of Angiosperms. PHI Learning Private Ltd. New
Delhi.

25
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.
[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-III
(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)
SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY RAJKOT
Practical Skeleton: Major -7: Phanerogams and Medicinal Botany-II
Time: - 3 hours Date: -------------------- Total Marks: - 25
Q-1 Identify and describe the given Plant Family (Monocot) specimen “A” and draw 4M
floral characteristics, floral diagram, floral formula.

X Y
A A
Q-2 Identify and describe the given Plant Family (Dicot) specimen “B” and draw floral 4M
characteristics, floral diagram, floral formula.

X Y
B B
Q-3 Identify and describe given Medicinal plant specimens “C” and “D”. 4M
Q-4 Identify and describe given Gymnosperm slide/ specimen “E”. 3M
Q-5 Viva+Journal. 10M

Instructions:
• Certified journal is must and minimum requirement to appearing for semester end practical
examination.
• Should have at least 75% attendance in practical sessions during the semester.
• Time duration: 3 Hours.

As per Saurashtra University General Guidelines (No. Academic / 90882/2023, Dt. 10-10-2023)

Note:
1. University will arrange practical and viva evaluation by internal faculty and external evaluator.
2. Marks of practical and viva will be considered under CCE.
❖ Question Paper Format for 4 Credit Course (Practical/Performance)
1. One Practical/Performance of 25 Marks (Viva – 10 Marks & Practical’s – 15 Marks) Each of Three
Hours Duration.
2. 25 Students per practical batch per teacher / examiner.
Practical Exam for 4 credit courses
Course Name Lab work Viva / oral exam. Total
(External) (Internal)
Major- 7 15 mark 10 mark 25 Mark

26
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.
[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-III
(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)

Semester-III

Multi-Disciplinary Course -3 (MDC -3):

Course Category Multi-Disciplinary Course -3 (MDC -3)
Title of the Course Soil science and Technology Theory
Course Credit 03
Teaching Hours per Semester (15 45
week / 90 working days)
Total Marks 50

Theory Course Outcomes

On the completion of course, students are able to know:
1. Students will be able to describe and analyse soil physical properties such as texture, structure,
porosity, and colour, and understand their influence on soil behaviour and management.
2. Students will learn about soil chemical properties, including pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC),
nutrient availability, and soil reactions, and their importance for plant growth and soil fertility.
3. Students will understand the role of soil organisms, including microbes, fungi, bacteria, and
earthworms, in soil health, nutrient cycling, and ecosystem functioning.
4. Students will explore soil conservation techniques and management practices aimed at preventing
soil erosion, improving soil health, and sustaining agricultural productivity, including conservation
tillage.
5. Students will learn about various soil conservation techniques, including Crop rotation, cover crop,
crop diversification, Strip Cropping and understand their applications for preventing soil erosion and
degradation.
6. Students will be better equipped to address the complex challenges of soil management, carbon
sequestration, smart irrigation, and soil compaction control in agricultural systems, contributing to
improved environmental sustainability, resilience, and productivity in agriculture.

1 Employability/Entrepreneurship/Skill Development પર કેન્દ્રિત થયેલ છે કે નહિ? Yes

2 Value added Courses Imparting Transferable and Life Skillsના ગુણો ધરાવે છે ? No

Major No Minor No
3 Skill Enhancement Courses No Ability Enhancement Courses No
Value Added Courses No Exit/ Vocational Courses No
Holistic No Multidisciplinary Yes Interdisciplinary No
4
Education
5 હિવયાાંગ માટે વવષય અંતગગત આનુસાાંગગક જોગવાઈ કરાયેલછે ? No

27
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

6 New India Literacy Programme (NILP) મુજબનો વવષય છે ? No

7 Swayam પ્લેટફોમગ પરના MOOC વવષય પર આધાહરત આ વવષય છે ? No

8 ઇરડીયન નોલેજ સીસ્ટમ (IKS) પર આધાહરત વવષય છે ? No

Theory Course content: Unit No., Topics, Hours and Marks

Unit Topics Hours Marks
No.
1 Introduction to Soil Science
1.1. Soil Definition and scope of soil science.
1.2. Soil formation processes. 9 10
1.3. Soil functions and ecosystem services.
1.4. Types of soils- Sand soil, Silt soil, Clay soil and Loam soil.
2 Physical Properties of soil
2.1. Texture and Temperature of soil.
2.2. Colour and Pore Space of soil. 9 10
2.3. Bulk Density and Particle Density of soil.
2.4. Soil Water Relationships.
3 Chemical Properties of soil 2-4
3.1. Morphology of Colloids.
3.2. Soil pH and buffering capacity. 9 10
3.3. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) and soil fertility.
3.4. Soil Components-Air, Water, Inorganic and Solids.
4 Biological Properties of soil 2-3
4.1. Soil Organic Matter.
4.2. Carbon: Nitrogen Relationships.
9 10
4.3. N- Transformation in soil.
4.4. Soil Organism.
4.5. Sulphur Transformation in soil.
5 Conservation and Management of soil 1-2
5.1. Soil conservation – Crop rotation, cover crop, crop diversification and
Strip Cropping. 9 10
5.2. Soil management: Carbon Sequestration, Smart Irrigation and Soil
Compaction Control.
Total 45 50

Reference Books:
1. Brady NC & Weil R.R 2002. The Nature and Properties of Soils. 13th Ed. Pearson Edu.
2. Brady NC & Weil RR. 2002. The Nature and Properties of Soils. 13th Ed. Pearson Edu.
3. Gurmal Singh, Venkataramanan C, Sastry G & Joshi BP. 1990. Manual of Soil and Water Conservation
Practices. Oxford & IBH.
4. [Link]
content/uploads/ebook/tdg/TERRAMECHANICS%20AND%20MOBILITY/epdf.pub_fundamentals-of-soil-
[Link]
5. [Link]
6. Indian Society of Soil Science 2002. Fundamentals of Soil Science. ISSS, New Delhi.
7. Indian Society of Soil Science 2002. Fundamentals of Soil Science. ISSS, New Delhi.
8. McBride MB. 1994. Environmental Chemistry of Soils. Oxford Univ. Press.
9. Reddy MV. (Ed.). Soil Organisms and Litter in the Tropics. Oxford & IBH.

28
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-III

(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)

Semester- III

Multi -Disciplinary Course -3 (MDC-3):

Course Category Multi -Disciplinary Course -3 (MDC-3)
Title of the Course Soil science and Technology Practical
Course Credit 01
Teaching Hours per Semester (15 30
Week/ 90 Working days)
Total Marks 25

Practical Course Outcomes - COs

On completion of the course, students are able to know:

1. By examining soil profiles in the field, students can observe the different layers or horizons (O, A, E,
B, C) that make up the soil profile. They can learn about the processes of soil formation, including
weathering, organic matter accumulation, and mineral deposition.
2. Students will learn to calculate bulk density and particle density using appropriate formulas and
equations.
3. Through hands-on laboratory work, students will develop proficiency in pH measurement techniques
using pH meters or pH test kits.
4. Through hands-on laboratory work, students will develop proficiency in EC measurement techniques
using electrical conductivity meters or conductivity probes. They will learn proper calibration
procedures, sample preparation, and data recording methods to obtain accurate EC readings.
5. Students will develop proficiency in water holding capacity measurement techniques using
gravimetric or volumetric methods. They will learn proper sample preparation, saturation
procedures, and water content determination techniques to obtain accurate water holding capacity
results.
6. Students will acquire practical skills in soil sampling, preparation, and analysis techniques for
determining carbonate content and nitrate.
7. By using ordinary thermometers, students will learn practical techniques for measuring soil
temperature accurately at different depths and times of the day.
8. Through practical exercises, students will learn various techniques for measuring soil moisture
content, including gravimetric methods.

1 Employability/Entrepreneurship/Skill Development પર કેન્દ્રિત થયેલ છે કે નહિ? Yes

2 Value added Courses Imparting Transferable and Life Skillsના ગુણો ધરાવે છે ? No

Major No Minor No
3 Skill Enhancement Courses No Ability Enhancement Courses No
Value Added Courses No Exit/ Vocational Courses No

29
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

Holistic No Multidisciplinary Yes Interdisciplinary No

4
Education
5 હિવયાાંગ માટે વવષય અંતગગત આનુસાાંગગક જોગવાઈ કરાયેલ છે ? No

6 New India Literacy Programme (NILP) મુજબનો વવષય છે ? No

7 Swayam પ્લેટફોમગ પરના MOOC વવષય પર આધાહરત આ વવષય છે ? No

8 ઇરડીયન નોલેજ સીસ્ટમ (IKS) પર આધાહરત વવષય છે ? No

Practical course content

Pr. No. Practical
1 Study the soil profile of the given soil sample.
2 Determination bulk density of the given soil sample.
3 Determination particle density of the given soil sample.
4 Determination pH of the given soil sample.
5 Determination electric conductivity (EC) of the given soil sample.
6 Determination of water holding capacity of a given soil sample.
7 To study the test for the presence of carbonate, nitrate of a given soil sample.
8 To measure the soil temperature by ordinary thermometer.
9 To determine moisture percentage of given soil sample.
10 Field visit soil / water testing laboratory.

Reference Books:
1. Bendre, A. M. and Ashok Kumar, (2009) A Text book of Practical Botany Vol. I & II.
Rastogi Publications, Meerut. 9th edition.
2. Practical Manual of soil science:
[Link]
S_TO_SOIL_SCIENCE.pdf

30
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-III

(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)
SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY RAJKOT
Practical Skeleton: MDC -3: Soil science and technology practical
Time: - 3 hours Date: -------------------- Total Marks: - 25
Q-1 Determination bulk density/ particle density of given soil sample “A”. 4M
X Y
A A
Q-2 Determination pH. / EC of given soil sample “B”. 4M
X Y
B B
Q-3 Determination of water holding capacity of soil/ Moisture percentage of given soil 4M
sample “C”.
X Y
C C
Q-4 Test for the presence of carbonate/nitrate of given soil sample. “D”.
X Y 3M
D D
Q-5 Viva + Journal. 10M

Instructions:
• Certified journal is must and minimum requirement to appearing for semester
end practical examination.
• Should have at least 75% attendance in practical sessions during the semester.
• Time duration: 3 Hours.
As per Saurashtra University General Guidelines (No. Academic / 90882/2023, Dt. 10-
10-2023)

Note:
1. University will arrange practical and viva evaluation by internal faculty and external
evaluator.
2. Marks of practical and viva will be considered under CCE.
❖ Question Paper Format for 4 Credit Course (Practical/Performance)
1. One Practical/Performance of 25 Marks (Viva – 10 Marks & Practical’s – 15 Marks) Each
of Three Hours Duration.
2. 25 Students per practical batch per teacher / examiner.
Practical Exam for 4 credit courses
Course Name Lab work Viva / oral exam. Total
(External) (Internal)
MDC-3 15 mark 10 mark 25 Mark

31
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-III

(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)

Semester -III
Skill Enhancement Course -3 (SEC-3): Introduction to Mushroom
Farming
Course Category Skill Enhancement Course -3 (SEC-3)
Title of the Course Introduction to Mushroom Farming Theory
Course Credit 01
Teaching Hours per Semester (15 15
Week/ 90 Working days)
Total Marks 25

Practical Course Outcomes - COs

On completion of the Mushroom Farming course, students are able to know:
1. Students will gain an understanding of the historical background of mushroom cultivation in India.
2. Students will be exposed to global trends and best practices in mushroom cultivation, enabling them
to compare and contrast the Indian context with international
3. Students will learn to identify common edible mushroom species, including their distinguishing
features, habitats, and culinary characteristics.
4. Students will gain a comprehensive understanding of the nutritional composition of mushrooms,
including macronutrients (such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats) and micronutrients (such as
vitamins and minerals).
5. Students will understand the design and layout of a mushroom farm, including the construction of
cultivation facilities (e.g., mushroom houses, grow rooms), storage areas, processing facilities.
6. Students will gain an understanding of the different types of equipment used in mushroom
cultivation, including their functions, specifications, and importance in the cultivation process.
7. Students will be well-prepared to follow the sequential steps of mushroom cultivation, from
substrate preparation to harvest.
8. Learn about integrated pest management (IPM) and integrated disease management (IDM)
approaches for controlling pests and diseases in mushroom cultivation.
9. Students will be well-equipped to understand the role and functions of mushroom research centers at
the national and regional levels.

1 Employability/Entrepreneurship/Skill Development પર કેન્દ્રિત થયેલ છે કે નહિ? Yes

2 Value added Courses Imparting Transferable and Life Skills ના ગુણો ધરાવે છે ? No

Major No Minor No
3
Skill Enhancement Courses Yes Ability Enhancement Courses No

32
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

Value Added Courses No Exit/ Vocational Courses No

Holistic No Multidisciplinary No Interdisciplinary No
4
Education
5 હિવયાાંગ માટે વવષય અંતગગત આનુસાાંગગક જોગવાઈ કરાયેલ છે ? No

6 New India Literacy Programme (NILP) મુજબનો વવષય છે ? No

7 Swayam પ્લેટફોમગ પરના MOOC વવષય પર આધાહરત આ વવષય છે ? No

8 ઇરડીયન નોલેજ સીસ્ટમ (IKS) પર આધાહરત વવષય છે ? No

Theory Course content: Unit No., Topics, Hours and Marks

Unit Topics Hours Marks
No.
1 History, scope and importance edible mushrooms
1.1. History of mushroom cultivation / farming in India.
1.2. Scope of mushroom cultivation / farming in India.
1.3. Common edible mushrooms: Button mushroom (Agaricus
bisporus), Milky mushroom (Calocybe indica), Oyster
mushroom (Pleurotus sajorcaju) and paddy straw mushroom
5 10
(Volvariella volvcea).
1.4. Nutritional value of Mushrooms: Source of Protein and
Amino Acids, Fibre, Carbohydrates, Minerals and Vitamins.

2 Mushrooms farm and Cultivation/ Farming Technology:

2.1. Mushroom farm: Selecting a site, Farm layout, mushroom
unit (Thatched house), Temperature and ventilation, Floors.
2.2. Use of Equipment: Polythene bag, vessels, Inoculation
hook, inoculation loop, low cost stove, sieves, culture rack,
water sprayer, tray, Autoclave, Pressure Cooker, Oven and 5 10
Refrigerators.
2.3. Cultivations / farming practice: Farm location, Preparation
of mushroom spawn, substrate, Bed preparation, Casing,
Cropping/ Cropping management, Harvesting, Processing,
storage and cost of production.
3 Pest and Marketing management:
3.1. Mushroom Pest and their control: Mushroom Flies,
Mushroom Mites and Beetles. 5 5
3.2. Marketing and cost economics of mushroom culture- Cost
benefit ratio; Marketing in India.
Total 15 25

Reference Books:
1. Bahl, N. 2015. Hand book of Mushrooms, IV Edition, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co Ltd., New
Delhi.
2. Food and Nutrition. Bappco, by Swaminathan, M. (1990). The Bangalore Printing and Publishing
Co. Ltd., No. 88, Mysore Road, Bangalore - 560018.
33
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

3. Hand book of Mushrooms, by Nita Bahl (1984-1988) II Edition, Vol. I & Vol. II.
4. [Link]
5. Kannaiyan, S. and Ramasamy, K. 1980. A Hand Book of Edible Mushroom. Today & Tomorrows
printers & publishers, New Delhi
6. Marimuthu, T., Krishnamoorthy, A.S., Sivaprakasam, K. and Jayarajan. R. 1991. Oyster
Mushrooms, Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore.
7. Mushroom cultivation in India by Suman and Sharma (2007) Daya Publishing House, Delhi.
8. Mushroom cultivation, by Tewari, Pankaj Kapoor, S.C., (1988). Mittal Publications, Delhi.
9. Pandey R.K, S. K Ghosh, 1996. A Hand Book on Mushroom Cultivation. Emkey Publications.
10. Pathak, V. N. and Yadav, N. (1998). Mushroom Production and Processing Technology.
Agrobios, Jodhpur.
11. Swaminathan, M. 1990. Food and Nutrition. Bappco, The Bangalore Printing and Publishing Co.
Ltd., No. 88, Mysore Road, Bangalore - 560018.
12. Tripathi, D.P. (2005) Mushroom Cultivation, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. [Link], New
Delhi.
13. V.N. Pathak, Nagendra Yadav and Maneesha Gaur, Mushroom Production and Processing
Technology/ Vedams Ebooks Pvt Ltd., New Delhi (2000).

34
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-III

(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)

Semester -III
Skill Enhancement Course -3 (SEC-3):
Course Category Skill Enhancement Course -3 (SEC-3)
Title of the Course Introduction to Mushroom Farming
practical
Course Credit 01
Teaching Hours per Semester (15 30
Week/ 90 Working days)
Total Marks 25

Practical Course Outcomes - COs

On completion of the Mushroom farming course, students are able to know:
1. Students will be well-prepared to apply their knowledge and skills in operating different types of
equipment used in various techniques of mushroom cultivation.
2. Students will understand the identify edible mushroom. This knowledge is crucial for selecting the
appropriate species for mushroom cultivation.
3. Gain hands-on experience in preparing various types of media used for raising pure cultures of
mushrooms, including agar-based media, liquid media, and solid substrates.
4. Students will understand the various techniques for cultivating mushrooms, such as spawn
preparation.
5. Students will be well-prepared to successfully cultivate button mushrooms using proper techniques,
manage the cultivation process effectively, and produce high-quality mushrooms for commercial or
personal use.
6. Gain knowledge about the different components of production cost in button mushroom cultivation,
including capital investment, fixed costs, and recurring costs, and their significance in determining
the overall cost structure.
7. Field visit: Students will gain practical skills, knowledge, and insights into mushroom cultivation,
preparing them for future careers in agriculture, horticulture, food science, or related fields.

1 Employability/Entrepreneurship/Skill Development પર કેન્દ્રિત થયેલ છે કે નહિ? Yes

2 Value added Courses Imparting Transferable and Life Skills ના ગુણો ધરાવે છે ? No

Major No Minor No
3 Skill Enhancement Courses Yes Ability Enhancement Courses No
Value Added Courses No Exit/ Vocational Courses No
Holistic No Multidisciplinary No Interdisciplinary No
4
Education

35
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

5 હિવયાાંગ માટે વવષય અંતગગત આનુસાાંગગક જોગવાઈ કરાયેલ છે ? No

6 New India Literacy Programme (NILP) મુજબનો વવષય છે ? No

7 Swayam પ્લેટફોમગ પરના MOOC વવષય પર આધાહરત આ વવષય છે ? No

8 ઇરડીયન નોલેજ સીસ્ટમ (IKS) પર આધાહરત વવષય છે ? No

Practical course content

[Link]. Practical
To study the of different types of equipment use in the various techniques in
1
Mushroom Cultivation.
2 To study the edible mushrooms through material/ chart/ PP.
To study the Preparation of various types of media for raising of Pure culture: Potato -
3
dextrose Agar medium (PDA) and Compost Extract Agar medium (CEA).
4 To study the Preparation of spawn (Preparation of master / mother spawn /stock culture)
To study the techniques for the cultivation of Button mushroom through the lab.
5
/PPT.
To study the production cost (Capital Investment, Fixed Cost and Recurring Cost) of button
6 mushroom.
7 To Visit the mushroom cultivation farm / centres.

Reference Books:

1. Bahl, N. 2015. Hand book of Mushrooms, IV Edition, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co Ltd., New
Delhi
2. Kannaiyan, S. and Ramasamy, K. 1980. A Hand Book of Edible Mushroom. Today & Tomorrows
printers & publishers, New Delhi
3. Marimuthu, T., Krishnamoorthy, A.S., Sivaprakasam, K. and Jayarajan. R. 1991. Oyster
Mushrooms, Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore.
4. Practical-Manual
[Link]
[Link]
5. Swaminathan, M. 1990. Food and Nutrition. Bappco, The Bangalore Printing and Publishing Co.
Ltd., No. 88, Mysore Road, Bangalore - 560018.
6. Tewari, P. and Kapoor, S.C.,1988. Mushroom cultivation, Mittal Publications, Delhi.

36
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-III

(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)
SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY RAJKOT
Practical Skeleton: SEC-3: Introduction to Mushroom farming
Time: - 1.5 hours Date: -------------------- Total Marks: - 10
Q-1 Describe the equipment “A” and “B” use in mushroom farming. 2M
X Y
A A
B B
Q-2 Describe the Preparation of homemade media given specimen “C”. 2M
X Y
C C
Q-3 Describe the edible mushrooms given specimen “D”. 1M
X Y
D D
Q-4 Viva + Journal 5M
Instructions:
• Certified journal is must and minimum requirement to appearing for semester
end practical examination.
• Should have at least 75% attendance in practical sessions during the semester.
• Time duration: 1.5 Hours.
As per Saurashtra University General Guidelines (No. Academic / 90882/2023, Dt. 10-
10-2023)
Note:
1. University will arrange practical and viva evaluation by internal faculty and external
evaluator.
2. Marks of practical and viva will be considered under CCE.
❖ Question Paper Format for 2 Credit Course (Practical/Performance)
1. One Practical/Performance of 10 Marks (Viva – 05 Marks & Practical’s – 05 Marks) Each
of One and Half Hours Duration.
2. 25 Students per practical batch per teacher/examiner.
3. Marks of practical and viva will be considered under CCE.
Exam for 2 credit courses
External Practical Exam – 10 Theory Internal Exam- 15
Mark (Marks of practical and viva mark (as per CCE Evaluation
will be considered under CCE.) of 50 Marks (2 Credits Paper)

Course Practical (Lab Viva / oral Written test Integrated Total

Name work exam. (Any -2) (Any-1) Mark
(External) (Internal)
SEC- III 5 mark 5 mark 10 Mark 5 mark 25
mark
Online 10 Mark for practical 15 Mark for theory
entry
Note: Online entry of 15 marks for theory internal and 10 marks for practical external will be
opened separately.

37
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-IV

(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)

Semester- IV

Major (Core) -8: Plant Physiology and Ecology Theory

Course Category Major (Core) -8
Title of the Course Plant Physiology and Ecology Theory
Course Credit 03
Teaching Hours per Semester (15 week/ 90 45
working days)
Total Marks 50

Course Outcomes – Cos

On completion of the course, students are able to know
1. Transport in plants helps the students to acquire how plants deliver water from the soil to all parts of
the plant, ensuring that cells remain hydrated. Just like humans need water to stay healthy, plants
need water for growth and survival.
2. the students will acquire the knowledge how Plants require nutrients for energy, growth, and other
essential functions. Transport systems in plants distribute nutrients from the soil and leaves to all
parts of the plant, ensuring that every cell receives what it needs to grow and function properly.
3. Students will gain a knowledge regarding Minerals are essential nutrients for plants, just like
vitamins are for humans. Different minerals play specific roles in plant growth, such as nitrogen for
leaf growth, phosphorus for root development, and potassium for flower and fruit production. When
plants receive the right balance of minerals, they grow strong and healthy.
4. Students will develop their knowledge how Plants absorb minerals from the soil through their roots.
This process is similar to how humans absorb nutrients from food. Minerals dissolved in water in the
soil are taken up by the plant's roots and transported to different parts of the plant, where they are
used for various functions.
5. Students will be able to explain the process of cellular respiration in plants, including glycolysis, the
Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.
6. Students will develop their knowledge how Some plants and animals form mutualistic relationships
where both parties benefit. For example, certain plants provide shelter or food resources for animals
in exchange for pollination or protection from herbivores. An example of this is the relationship
between ants and acacia trees, where ants protect the tree from herbivores, and the tree provides
shelter and nectar for the ants.
7. Students will develop their knowledge how Bio-geochemical cycles, such as the carbon, nitrogen,
and phosphorus cycles, involve the movement of essential nutrients between living organisms, the
atmosphere, soil, and water bodies. These cycles ensure that nutrients are continuously recycled and
available for use by plants and other organisms.
8. Students will develop their knowledge how Soil serves as a reservoir for nutrients that are essential
for plant growth, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients. Nutrient availability
in soil depends on factors such as soil composition, pH, organic matter content, and the activity of
soil organisms. Plants obtain nutrients from the soil through their roots, which are then used for
growth, development, and reproduction.

38
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

1 Employability/Entrepreneurship/Skill Development પર કેન્દ્રિત થયેલ છે કે નહિ? Yes

2 Value added Courses Imparting Transferable and Life Skills નાગુણો ધરાવે છે ? No

Major Yes Minor No

3 Skill Enhancement Courses No Ability Enhancement Courses No
Value Added Courses No Exit/ Vocational Courses No
Holistic No Multidisciplinary No Interdisciplinary No
4 Education

5 હિવયાાંગ માટે વવષય અંતગગત આનુસાાંગગક જોગવાઈ કરાયેલ છે ? No

6 New India Literacy Programme (NILP) મુજબનો વવષય છે ? No

7 Swayam પ્લેટફોમગ પરના MOOC વવષય પર આધાહરત આ વવષય છે ? No

8 ઇરડીયન નોલેજ સીસ્ટમ (IKS) પર આધાહરત વવષય છે ? No

Theory Course content: Unit No., Topics, Hours and Marks

Unit Topics Hours Marks
No.
1 Transport in plants
1.1. Diffusion, Facilitated diffusion and imbibition.
1.2. Osmosis and Plasmolysis.
9 10
1.3. Root pressure theory and Transpiration pull theory.
1.4. Transpiration and its affecting factors, Stomata opening and
closing theory- Theory of Photosynthesis in Guard Cells.
2 Mineral Nutrition
2.1. Role of macro nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) and micro nutrients
(Zn, Cu, Bo, Cl).
2.2. Deficiency symptoms or effect of macro nutrients (N, P, K,
Ca, Mg) and micro nutrients (Zn, Cu, Bo, Cl).
2.3. Absorption of minerals:
9 10
2.3.1. Passive Absorption of minerals: Mass flow theory and
contacts exchange theory.
2.3.2. Active Absorption of minerals: Carrier Concept-
Cytochrome pump theory.
2.4. Nitrogen Metabolism: Nitrification, Denitrification and
Biological nitrogen fixation.
3 Respiration in plants
3.1. Glycolysis with enzymatic reaction.
3.2. TCA cycle and ETS. 9 10
3.3. β - Oxidation in Lipid.
3.4. ATP calculation of few carbohydrate and lipids.
4 Ecological Interaction
4.1. Positive and Negative interspecific interactions.
9 10
4.2. Food chain and food web.
4.3. Ecological pyramids of numbers and biomass.
39
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

4.4. Process of decomposition.

5 Biogeochemical Cycles and Soil

5.1. Nitrogen cycle and carbon cycle.
9 10
5.2. Phosphorus cycle and sulphur cycle.
5.3. Properties of soil: physical and chemical properties.
Total 45 50

Reference Books:
1. A Textbook of Plant Ecology by Dr. R. S. Shukla & Dr. P. S. Chandel
2. College Botany volume 1 by Gangulee, Das & Datta.
3. Fundamental of Plant physiology by Dr. V. K. Jain.
4. Lifesciences: Fundamental and Practice Part-II by Pathfinder.
5. P. D. Sharma’s Ecology and Environment, 13th edition.

40
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-IV

(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)

Semester- IV

Major (Core) -8: Plant Physiology and Ecology Practical

Course Category Major (Core) Practical -8
Title of the Course Plant Physiology and Ecology Practical
Course Credit 01
Teaching Hours per Semester (15 Week/ 90 30
Working days)
Total Marks 25

Course Outcomes – Cos

On completion of the course, students are able to know

1. Students can develop their skill to investigate factors affecting transpiration, such as light
intensity, humidity, temperature, and air movement. By measuring water loss from plant
leaves using a potometer or weighing method, students can understand the process of
transpiration and its significance in water transport.
2. Students will develop a Practical skill on water transport in plants allow students to relate
theoretical concepts to real-life scenarios. For example, they can explore how water
transport in plants is influenced by environmental factors such as drought, flooding, or
salinity, and discuss the implications for plant survival and ecosystem functioning.
3. Students will develop skills in experimental design, data collection, observation, and
analysis through practical investigations. They will learn to formulate hypotheses, design
experiments, collect and interpret data, and draw conclusions based on evidence, fostering
critical thinking and scientific inquiry skills.
4. By engaging in hands-on activities related to water transport in plants, students will develop
a deeper appreciation for the complexity and importance of plant physiology. They will gain
insights into the mechanism’s plants use to uptake, transport, and utilize water, nutrients,
and other essential resources for growth and survival.
5. Students will learn methods to measure soil moisture content and understand its significance
for plant growth and ecosystem functioning. Practical experiments involving soil drying
methods or moisture meters allow students to quantify soil moisture levels and explore
factors affecting soil water retention and availability.
6. Students will develop skills to determine soil pH using pH meters, pH test kits, or indicators.
By measuring soil pH levels and analyzing their effects on plant growth and nutrient
availability, students can understand the importance of soil pH for soil fertility and plant
health.

1 Employability/Entrepreneurship/Skill Development પર કેન્દ્રિત થયેલ છે કે નહિ? Yes

2 Value added Courses Imparting Transferable and Life Skills નાગુણો ધરાવે છે ? No

41
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

Major Yes Minor No

3 Skill Enhancement Courses No Ability Enhancement Courses No
Value Added Courses No Exit/ Vocational Courses No
Holistic No Multidisciplinary No Interdisciplinary No
4 Education

5 હિવયાાંગમાટે વવષય અંતગગત આનુસાાંગગક જોગવાઈ કરાયેલ છે ? No

6 New India Literacy Programme (NILP) મુજબનો વવષય છે ? No

7 Swayam પ્લેટફોમગ પરના MOOC વવષય પર આધાહરત આ વવષય છે ? No

8 ઇરડીયન નોલેજ સીસ્ટમ (IKS) પર આધાહરત વવષય છે ? No

Pr. No. Practical

1 To demonstrate the phenomenon of imbibition.
2 To demonstrate the phenomenon of osmosis by using parchment paper.
3 To demonstrate the phenomenon of stomatal transpiration by four leaves method.
4 To demonstrate the root pressure experiment.
5 To demonstrate the stomatal opening by Darwin’s porometer.
6 To study the phenomenon of plasmolysis.
To study the relative rates of water vapour loss from the leaf surfaces of different
7
plants.
8 To determine the soil pH and temperature.
9 To determine the moisture content of the soil.
10 To study selected soil properties by spot test: (a) Carbonate (b) Nitrate

Reference Books:
1. Bendre, A. M. and Ashok Kumar, (2009) A Text book of Practical Botany Vol. I &
[Link] Publications, Meerut. 9th edition.

42
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-IV

(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)
SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY RAJKOT
Practical Skeleton Major (Core)-8: Plant Physiology and Ecology
Time: - 3 hours Date: -------------------- Total Marks: - 25
Q-1 Identify and describe the specimen A & B (imbibition, osmosis, stomatal 4 M
transpiration, root pressure, and stomatal opening).

X Y
A A
B B
Q-2 Perform the phenomenon of plasmolysis/transpiration. 4M

X Y
C C
Q-3 Perform the Soil properties of given sample. (soil pH and temperature, 4 M
moisture content, Carbonate and Nitrate test)
X Y
D D
Q-4 Journal. 3M
Q-5 Viva – voce 10M

Instructions:
• Certified journal is must and minimum requirement to appearing for semester end
practical examination.
• Should have at least 75% attendance in practical sessions during the semester.
• Time duration: 3 Hours.

As per Saurashtra University General Guidelines (No. Academic / 90882/2023, Dt. 10-
10-2023)

Note:
1. University will arrange practical and viva evaluation by internal faculty and external
evaluator.
2. Marks of practical and viva will be considered under CCE.
❖ Question Paper Format for 4 Credit Course (Practical/Performance)
1. One Practical/Performance of 25 Marks (Viva – 10 Marks & Practical’s – 15 Marks) Each
of Three Hours Duration.
2. 25 Students per practical batch per teacher / examiner.
Practical Exam for 4 credit courses
Course Name Lab work Viva / oral exam. Total
(External) (Internal)
Major- 8 15 mark 10 mark 25 Mark

43
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-IV

(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)

Semester- IV

Major (Core) – 9: Basic and Advance Techniques in Botany Theory

Course Category Major (Core) - 9
Title of the Course Basic and Advance Techniques in
Botany Theory
Course Credit 03
Teaching Hours per Semester (15 45
week/ 90 working days)
Total Marks 50

Course Outcomes - COs

On completion of the course, students are able to know
1. The purpose of course aims at studying not only Morphology, structure and Development of
Flowering plants but at their practical and experimental aspects as they are most sought-after areas
of modern research.
2. To study the differential features of internal structure of plants.
3. To enhance the basic and fundamental knowledge about living cells and their systematic up
gradation in to the tissue level.
4. To obtain a thorough knowledge about the developmental cycle in higher plants.
5. To explain the principles of working pattern of various instruments and Microscopy.
6. To get acquainted with many advance tools and techniques in Botany.

1 Employability/Entrepreneurship/Skill Development પર કેન્દ્રિત થયેલ છે કે નહિ? Yes

2 Value added Courses Imparting Transferable and Life Skills નાગુણો ધરાવે છે ? No

Major Yes Minor No

3 Skill Enhancement Courses No Ability Enhancement Courses No
Value Added Courses No Exit/ Vocational Courses No
Holistic No Multidisciplinary No Interdisciplinary No
4 Education

5 હિવયાાંગ માટે વવષય અંતગગત આનુસાાંગગક જોગવાઈ કરાયેલ છે ? No

6 New India Literacy Programme (NILP) મુજબનો વવષય છે ? No

7 Swayam પ્લેટફોમગ પરના MOOC વવષય પર આધાહરત આ વવષય છે ? No

8 ઇરડીયન નોલેજ સીસ્ટમ (IKS) પર આધાહરત વવષય છે ? No

44
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

Unit Topics Hours Marks

No.
1 Types of Microscopy
1.1. Phase Contrast Microscopy.
1.2. Dark field Microscopy.
1.3. Florescence Microscopy. 9 10
1.4. Electron Microscopy:
1.4.1. Scanning Electron Microscopy.
1.4.2. Transmission Electron Microscopy.
2 Basic tools & techniques in Botany
2.1. Herbarium: Over view of Tools and Techniques.
2.2. Virtual/ e- Herbarium.
2.3. Gardening: Introduction, types of gardening (Over view) and 9 10
Importance.
2.4. Organic farming: Introduction, advantages and Limitation.
2.5. Biofertilizer: Introduction, types and uses.
3 Plant propagation
3.1. Need for Plant breeding.
3.2. Plant Breeder’s knowledge.
9 10
3.3. Nursery techniques: Grafting.
3.4. Nursery techniques: Layering.
3.5. Polyploidy in Plants.
4 Advance Techniques in Botany -I
4.1. Hydroponics: Introduction, techniques, media and uses.
4.2. Aeroponics: Introduction, techniques, media and uses.
9 10
4.3. Intellectual Property Right (IPR): Patent and Geographical
Indication.
4.4. Intellectual Property Right (IPR): Trademarks and Copyrights.
5 Advance Techniques in Botany -II
5.1. Plant Tissue Culture: Introduction, media and Application.
5.2. Isolation and characterization of genomic DNA.
5.3. Remote sensing as a tool for vegetation analysis. 9 10
5.4. Kitchen gardening: Study of Cultivation of different vegetables
(Chilly, Tomato & Fenugreek).
5.5. Artificial seeds.
Total 45 50

Reference Books:
1. Acharya N.K. (2001). Textbook on intellectual property rights, Asia Law House.
2. Agrawal, P.K. (1993). Hand Book of Seed Technology, Dept. of Agriculture and
Cooperation, National Seed Corporation Ltd., New Delhi.
3. Arumugam, N., Meyyan, R.P., Kumarsen, V., Sundaralingam, R. (2014) Genetics, Biometrics
and Bioinformatics. Saras publication, Nagercoil, Tamilnadu. 1st edition.
4. Bendre, A. M. and Ashok Kumar, (2009) A Text book of Practical Botany Vol. I & II.
Rastogi Publications, Meerut. 9th edition.
5. Bose T.K. and Mukherjee, D. (1972). Gardening in India, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co.,
New Delhi.

45
[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

6. Edmond Musser & Andres, Fundamentals of Horticulture, McGraw Hill Book Co., New
Delhi.
7. Gupta, P. K. (2007). Genetics, cytology and evolution. Rastogi Publications, Meerut, New
Delhi. 1st edition.
8. Gupta, P.K. (2007). Genetics Rastogi Publication-Meerut. 3rd edition.
9. Gupta, P.K. (2007). Genetics-classical to modern Rastogi Publication-Meerut. 1st edition.
10. Gupta, P.K. (2010). Cell and molecular biology. Rastogi publications - Meerut 3rd edition.
11. Herbarium training manual:
[Link]
pdf
12. [Link]
13. [Link]
14. [Link]
15. Kochae, P. L. (1970). Genetics and Evolution. S. Nagin & Co., Delhi. 6th edition.
16. Kumar, N., 1997, Introduction to Horticulture, Rajalakshmi Publications, Nagercoil.
17. Miller, A.R. and Davis M.H. (2000). Intellectual Property: Patents, Trademarks and
Copyright in Nutshell, West Group Publishers.
18. Plant Breeding by B.D. Singh, Kalyani Publishers.
19. Rana, S. V. S. (2009). Biotechniques Theory & Practice. Rastogi Publications, Meerut. 2nd
edition.
20. Sandhu, M.K., 1989, Plant Propagation, Wile Eastern Ltd., Bangalore, Madras.

46
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-IV

(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)

Semester- IV

Major (Core) Practical -9: Basic and Advance Techniques in Botany Practical
Course Category Major (Core) Practical -9
Title of the Course Basic and Advance Techniques in Botany
Practical
Course Credit 01
Teaching Hours per Semester (15 30
Week/ 90 Working days)
Total Marks 25

Course Outcomes - COs

On completion of the course, students are able to know
1. Students can gain a comprehensive understanding of the principles behind electron microscopy,
including electron beam interactions with specimens and image formation.
2. Students will Identify and explain the function of key components of an SEM, such as: Electron
source, Electron lenses, Specimen stage and holders and Detectors.
3. Students will be equipped to contribute effectively to both classical herbarium collections and
modern e-Herbarium initiatives.
4. Students will develop comprehensive skills in nursery techniques. This prepares them for careers in
horticulture, landscape design, agriculture, and environmental management.
5. Students will gain valuable skills and confidence in cultivating vegetables at home.
6. Students will develop essential skills in nutrient solution preparation and management for
hydroponic farming.
7. Participants will develop essential skills in preparing nutrient solutions and media for plant tissue
culture applications.
8. Students will gain hands-on experience and confidence in implementing NFT hydroponics and
Aeroponics systems and optimizing plant growth in soilless environments.
9. Students will gain practical experience and confidence in applying specialized methods to isolate
DNA from fruit juice.

1 Employability/Entrepreneurship/Skill Development પર કેન્દ્રિત થયેલ છે કે નહિ? Yes

2 Value added Courses Imparting Transferable and Life Skills નાગુણો ધરાવે છે ? No

Major Yes Minor No

3 Skill Enhancement Courses No Ability Enhancement Courses No
Value Added Courses No Exit/ Vocational Courses No
Holistic No Multidisciplinary No Interdisciplinary No
4 Education

5 હિવયાાંગ માટે વવષય અંતગગત આનુસાાંગગક જોગવાઈ કરાયેલ છે ? No

6 New India Literacy Programme (NILP) મુજબનો વવષય છે ? No

47
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

7 Swayam પ્લેટફોમગ પરના MOOC વવષય પર આધાહરત આ વવષય છે ? No

8 ઇરડીયન નોલેજ સીસ્ટમ (IKS) પર આધાહરત વવષય છે ? No

Pr. No. Practical

To study the principle and component of Transmission Electron Microscopy through chart/
1
PPT.
To study the principle and component of Scanning Electron Microscopy through chart/
2
PPT.
3 To study the Preparation of classical and e-Herbarium.
4 To demonstrate different nursery technique through chart/ PPT.
To study Cultivation of vegetables (Chilly, Tomato & fenugreek) through kitchen garden
5
techniques with using house hold things.
To study the Preparation of standard stock solutions of macro and micronutrients useful in
6
hydroponics in laboratory / through chart/ PPT.
To study the Preparation of standard stock solutions of macro and micronutrients useful for
7
tissue cultures in laboratory / through chart/ PPT.
8 To demonstrate/perform NFT Hydroponics techniques through chart / PPT.
9 To demonstrate / perform Aeroponics techniques through chart / PPT..
10 To isolate DNA from Banana.

Reference Books:
1. (PDF) Training manual on hydroponics farming ([Link])
2. Bendre, A. M. and Ashok Kumar, (2009) A Text book of Practical Botany Vol. I
& [Link] Publications, Meerut. 9th edition.
3. [Link]
droponics_farming
4. Rana, S. V. S. (2009). Biotechniques Theory & Practice. Rastogi Publications, Meerut. 2nd
edition.

48
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-IV

(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)
SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY RAJKOT
Practical Skeleton: Major (Core)-9 Practical: Basic and Advance Techniques in Botany
Time: - 3 hours Date: -------------------- Total Marks: - 25
Q-1 Identify and describe the given specimen “A” and “B” (Transmission Electron 4M
Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy)
X Y
A A
Q-2 Prepare/Identify / describe the given specimen “C” and “D” with diagrams. (standard 4M
stock solutions of macro and micronutrients useful in hydroponics / tissue cultures)
X Y
B B
Q-3 Isolate DNA from Banana 4M
X Y
C C
Q-4 Journal 3M
Q-5 Viva - voce 10 M

Instructions:
• Certified journal is must and minimum requirement to appearing for semester
end practical examination.
• Should have at least 75% attendance in practical sessions during the semester.
• Time duration: 3 Hours.

As per Saurashtra University General Guidelines (No. Academic / 90882/2023, Dt. 10-
10-2023)

Note:
1. University will arrange practical and viva evaluation by internal faculty and external
evaluator.
2. Marks of practical and viva will be considered under CCE.
❖ Question Paper Format for 4 Credit Course (Practical/Performance)
1. One Practical/Performance of 25 Marks (Viva – 10 Marks & Practical’s – 15 Marks) Each
of Three Hours Duration.
2. 25 Students per practical batch per teacher / examiner.
Practical Exam for 4 credit courses
Course Name Lab work Viva / oral exam. Total
(External) (Internal)
Major- 9 15 mark 10 mark 25 Mark

49
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-IV

(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)

Semester- IV

Major (Core) – 10: Genetic and Embryology Theory

Course Category Major (Core) - 10
Title of the Course Genetic and Embryology Theory
Course Credit 03
Teaching Hours per Semester (15 45
week/ 90 working days)
Total Marks 50

Course Outcomes - COs

On completion of the course, students are able to know
1. The outcomes of Mendelian experiments provide insights into the principles of inheritance and
genetic variation, laying the foundation for our understanding of genetics and heredity.
2. Understand DNA as the basis of heredity.
3. DNA replication is a highly accurate and tightly regulated process that ensures the faithful
transmission of genetic information from one generation of cells to the next.
4. Understand the process of synthesis of proteins and role of genetic code in polypeptide formation.
5. Illustrate and interpret various aspects of embryology.
6. The structure of a pollen grain is adapted for efficient dispersal, protection, and successful
pollination, ultimately contributing to the reproductive success of flowering plants.
7. The ovule plays a central role in the reproductive process of flowering plants, contributing to the
formation of seeds and the propagation of plant species.

1 Employability/Entrepreneurship/Skill Development પર કેન્દ્રિત થયેલ છે કે નહિ? Yes

2 Value added Courses Imparting Transferable and Life Skills નાગુણો ધરાવે છે ? No

Major Yes Minor No

3 Skill Enhancement Courses No Ability Enhancement Courses No
Value Added Courses No Exit/ Vocational Courses No
Holistic No Multidisciplinary No Interdisciplinary No
4 Education

5 હિવયાાંગ માટે વવષય અંતગગત આનુસાાંગગક જોગવાઈ કરાયેલ છે ? No

6 New India Literacy Programme (NILP) મુજબનો વવષય છે ? No

7 Swayam પ્લેટફોમગ પરના MOOC વવષય પર આધાહરત આ વવષય છે ? No

8 ઇરડીયન નોલેજ સીસ્ટમ (IKS) પર આધાહરત વવષય છે ? No

50
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

Unit Topics Hours Marks

No.
1 GENETICS (Mendelian inheritance and its extensions)
1.1. Principles of Mendelian genetics (Monohybrid Cross).
1.2. Principles of Mendelian genetics (Dihybrid Cross).
1.3. Gene interactions– Dominant Epistasis ([Link]). 9 10
1.4. Gene interactions-Recessive Epistasis ([Link]).
1.5. Gene interactions- Duplicate Recessive Genes (or
complimentary Genes) (9:7)
2 GENETIC MATERIAL DNA
2.1. DNA as the genetic material-Griffiths transformation
experiment.
9 10
2.2. Watson-Crick model of DNA.
2.3. Meselson and Stahl Experiment.
2.4. DNA replication- semi-conservative mode.
3 RNA & PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
3.1. Genetic code.
3.2. Types and Functions of RNA.
9 10
3.3. Protein Synthesis
3.3.1. Transcription.
3.3.2. Translation.
4 PLANT EMBRYOLOGY -I
4.1. Microsporogenesis.
4.1.1. Internal structure of Anther.
4.1.2. Structure & types of Pollen grain. 9 10
4.1.3. Germination of Pollen grain.
4.2. Structure of Ovule.
4.3. Types of Ovules.
5 PLANT EMBRYOLOGY -II
5.1. Megasporogenesis.
5.2. Types of Pollination:
5.2.1. Abiotic factor (Wind and Air).
5.2.2. Biotic factor (Animal, Bird and Bat). 9 10
5.3. Entry of Pollen tube into Ovule (Porogamy, Chalazogamy
& mesogamy)
5.4. Double fertilization.

Total 45 50

Reference Books:

1. Bhojwani, S.S. & Bhatnagar, S.D. (1996): The Embryology of Angiosperms, (Vikas
publishing house).
2. De Robertis, E.D.P. and De Robertis, E.M.F. 2006. Cell and Molecular Biology. 8th
edition. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia.
3. Gardner EJ, Simmons MJ, Snustad DP (2008). Principles of Genetics. 8th Ed.
WileyIndia.
4. Gupta, P.K.: Genetics, (Rastogi Publication).
5. Klug, W.S. & Cummings, M.R.: Concept of Genetics, (Prentice Hall Int. Inc).
51
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

6. Lewin, B.: Gene VIII, (Oxford Univ. Press).

7. Maheswari, P. (1999): An Introduction to Embryology of Angiosperms, (Tata McGraw
Hill, New Delhi).
8. Maheswari, P. (1999): An Introduction to Embryology of Angiosperms, (Tata McGraw
Hill, New Delhi).
9. Power, C.B.: Cell Biology, (Himalaya Publishing House).
10. Russell, P.J.: Genetics (Benjamin & Cummings).
11. Singh, V., Pandey, P.C, and Jain, D.K. (2017). Reproductive Biology of Angiosperms,
Rastogi Publications, Meerut.

52
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-IV

(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)

Semester- IV

Major (Core) Practical -10: Genetic and Embryology Practical

Course Category Major (Core) Practical -10
Title of the Course Genetic and Embryology Practical
Course Credit 01
Teaching Hours per Semester (15 30
Week/ 90 Working days)
Total Marks 25

Course Outcomes - COs

On completion of the course, students are able to know
1. Practical methodology for applying Mendelian laws.
2. To learn the Organization and structure of DNA.
3. Genetics provides insights into the fundamental mechanisms of life.
4. Embryology of plants offers valuable insights into various aspects of plant development and life
cycles. Here's how students can benefit from studying it.
5. Embryology allows students to grasp the intricate processes involved in the growth and development
of plants from the embryonic stage to maturity.

1 Employability/Entrepreneurship/Skill Development પર કેન્દ્રિત થયેલ છે કે નહિ? Yes

2 Value added Courses Imparting Transferable and Life Skills નાગુણો ધરાવે છે ? No

Major Yes Minor No

3 Skill Enhancement Courses No Ability Enhancement Courses No
Value Added Courses No Exit/ Vocational Courses No
Holistic No Multidisciplinary No Interdisciplinary No
4 Education

5 હિવયાાંગ માટે વવષય અંતગગત આનુસાાંગગક જોગવાઈ કરાયેલ છે ? No

6 New India Literacy Programme (NILP) મુજબનો વવષય છે ? No

7 Swayam પ્લેટફોમગ પરના MOOC વવષય પર આધાહરત આ વવષય છે ? No

8 ઇરડીયન નોલેજ સીસ્ટમ (IKS) પર આધાહરત વવષય છે ? No

Pr. No. Practical

1 Demonstration of phenomenon of Independent Assortment.
2 Demonstration of Mendel’s law of Segregation.
3 To study DNA structure through Chart or Model.
4 To study Genetic code through Chart /PPT.

53
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

5 To Study T.S. of mature Anther through material/ permeant slide/ chart.

7 To study Preparation of Pollen grain.
To study the different texture of pollen grain of some plants (Arachis hypogea,
8
Argemone, Canna, Cleom viscosa, Datura & Hibiscus).
9 To perform experiment of Pollen-grain germination.
10 To study different types of Ovules through permanent slides.

Reference Books:
1. Bendre, A. M. and Ashok Kumar, (2009) A Text book of Practical Botany Vol. I
& [Link] Publications, Meerut. 9th edition.

54
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-IV

(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)
SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY RAJKOT
Practical Skeleton: Major (Core)-10 Practical: Genetic and Embryology
Time: - 3 hours Date: -------------------- Total Marks: - 25
Q-1 Describe the given specimen “A” (Mendal’s Experiment, DNA structure and Genetic 4M
code)
X Y
A A
Q-2 Perform the Experiment given by the Examiner (texture of pollen grain, Pollen- 4M
grain germination)
X Y
B B
Q-3 Rotation (Anther slide, Pollen slide and Ovules slides). 4M
C D
Q-4 Journal 3M
Q-5 Viva - voce 10 M

Instructions:
• Certified journal is must and minimum requirement to appearing for semester
end practical examination.
• Should have at least 75% attendance in practical sessions during the semester.
• Time duration: 3 Hours.

As per Saurashtra University General Guidelines (No. Academic / 90882/2023, Dt. 10-
10-2023)

Note:
1. University will arrange practical and viva evaluation by internal faculty and external
evaluator.
2. Marks of practical and viva will be considered under CCE.
❖ Question Paper Format for 4 Credit Course (Practical/Performance)
1. One Practical/Performance of 25 Marks (Viva – 10 Marks & Practical’s – 15 Marks) Each
of Three Hours Duration.
2. 25 Students per practical batch per teacher / examiner.
Practical Exam for 4 credit courses
Course Name Lab work Viva / oral exam. Total
(External) (Internal)
Major- 10 15 mark 10 mark 25 Mark

55
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-IV

(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)

Semester- IV

Minor (Elective) -3: Plant and Animal Cell Biology Theory

Course Category Minor (Elective) -3
Title of the Course Plant and Animal Cell Biology Theory
Course Credit 03
Teaching Hours per Semester (15 45
week/ 90 working days)
Total Marks 50

Course Outcomes - COs

On completion of the course, students are able to know
1. Students will develop a comprehensive understanding of the similarities and differences between
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
2. Students will develop a comprehensive understanding of the similarities and differences between
animal and plant cells.
3. Students should be able to compare and contrast the structural components of animal and plant cells.
This includes understanding the presence of organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria,
endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, chloroplasts (in plant cells), vacuoles (often larger in plant
cells), and more.
4. Students can gain a deep understanding of how autonomy manifests in both unicellular and
multicellular organisms, and appreciate the complexities of cellular interactions and organismal
functions.
5. Students will gain a thorough understanding of the diverse types of stem cells in plants and animals,
their biological properties, and their applications in various fields of biology and biotechnology.
6. Students will gain a comprehensive understanding of postmitotic cells, cellular transformation, and
their implications in health and disease.
7. Student can Analyse how Steward demonstrated totipotency by inducing the dedifferentiation of
fully differentiated plant cells (e.g., root cells) into totipotent callus.
8. Students will gain a comprehensive understanding of animal totipotency, its experimental
foundations.
9. Describe the experimental techniques used by Gurdon, including nuclear transfer from differentiated
tadpole cells into enucleated frog eggs.
10. Students will understand the diverse structures, function and components of prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells, including organelles (such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum,
Golgi apparatus and chloroplasts.
11. Students will be able to describe the different roles of proteins within cell membranes, including
transport proteins, receptors, enzymes and cell adhesion molecules. They will understand how the
Fluid Mosaic Model accommodates the diversity of protein functions.
12. Students should be able to describe the composition of cell membranes, including lipids
(phospholipids, cholesterol), proteins (integral and peripheral), and carbohydrates. They should
understand how these components contribute to the membrane's structure and function.
13. Students will grasp the principles of passive transport mechanisms, including simple diffusion,
facilitated diffusion and osmosis.
14. Students will grasp the functional importance of various types of cell junctions. For instance, they

56
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

should understand how tight junctions contribute to barrier functions, adherents’ junctions are
involved in tissue integrity, desmosomes provide mechanical strength and gap junctions allow
intercellular communication.
15. Students would gain a comprehensive understanding of the extracellular matrix and its vital roles in
various biological contexts.
16. Students will be able to describe the basic chemical structures of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins.

1 Employability/Entrepreneurship/Skill Development પર કેન્દ્રિત થયેલ છે કે નહિ? Yes

2 Value added Courses Imparting Transferable and Life Skills નાગુણો ધરાવે છે ? No

Major No Minor Yes

3 Skill Enhancement Courses No Ability Enhancement Courses No
Value Added Courses No Exit/ Vocational Courses No
Holistic No Multidisciplinary No Interdisciplinary No
4 Education

5 હિવયાાંગ માટે વવષય અંતગગત આનુસાાંગગક જોગવાઈ કરાયેલ છે ? No

6 New India Literacy Programme (NILP) મુજબનો વવષય છે ? No

7 Swayam પ્લેટફોમગ પરના MOOC વવષય પર આધાહરત આ વવષય છે ? No

8 ઇરડીયન નોલેજ સીસ્ટમ (IKS) પર આધાહરત વવષય છે ? No

Unit Topics Hours Marks

No.
1 Types of Cells
1.1. Prokaryotic cell structure and function.
1.2. Eukaryotic cell structure and function.
9 10
1.3. Animal cell structure and function.
1.4. Plant cell structure and function.

2 Cell as an Autonomous, Differentiation, Totipotency

2.1. Cell as a self-continues (autonomous) unit: Autonomous in
unicellular organisms, Autonomous in multicellular organisms.
2.2. Differentiation of cell in multicellular organisms:
2.2.1. Undifferentiated (Stem) cell- Meristematic cell, Zygote,
Germinal epithelium, Malpighian layer and Bone marrow. 9 10
2.2.2. Differentiated (Postmitotic) cell.
2.2.3. Differentiated (Transformed) cell.
2.3. Cellular totipotency: Meaning, Stewards totipotency experiment
in plant, B. Gurdon Frogs tadpole totipotency experiment in
animal.
3 Cell Organelles Structures and function:
3.1. Nucleus, Endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, 9 10
Mitochondria, and Chloroplasts (in plant cells).

57
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

4 Cell Membranes and Transport

4.1. Fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane.
4.2. Membrane proteins: integral and peripheral.
4.3. Membrane transport mechanisms: diffusion, osmosis, active 9 10
transport, facilitated diffusion.
4.4. Endocytosis and exocytosis.
5 Cell Junctions and Extracellular Matrix and macromolecules
5.1. Types of cell junctions: tight junctions, desmosomes and gap
junctions. 9 10
5.2. Structure and function of extracellular matrix (ECM).
5.3. Biological macromolecules: proteins, carbohydrates and lipids.
Total 45 50

Reference Books:
1. Becker, W.M., Kleinsmith, L.J., Hardin. J. and Bertoni, G. P. (2009) The World of the Cell. 7th
edition. Pearson Benjamin Cummings Publishing, San Francisco.
2. Bhojwani, S.S. 1990. Plant Tissue Culture: Theory and Practical (a revised edition). Elsevier
Science Publishers, New York, USA.
3. Cell and Molecular Biology by Gupta, P.K. (2003). Rastogi Publications, Meerut.
4. Cell and Molecular Biology by Rastogi, S.C. (2003). New era International (Pvt.) Ltd., (4835/24,
Ansari Road, Daryaganj New Delhi.)
5. Cell Biology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Evaluation and Ecology by Verma, P.S. and
Agarwal, V.K. (2006). S. Chand and Company Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
6. Cooper, G.M. and Hausman, R.E. (2009) The Cell: A Molecular Approach. 5th edition. ASM
Press & Sunderland, Washington, D.C.; Sinauer Associates, MA
7. Hardin, J., Becker, G., Skliensmith, L.J. (2012). Becker’s World of the Cell, Pearson Education
Inc. U.S.A. 8th edition.
8. Karp, G. (2010). Cell Biology, John Wiley & Sons, U.S.A. 6th edition.
9. The Cell, A Molecular Approach 5th Edition by Cooper, G.M. and Hausman, R.E. (2009). ASM
Press Washington, D.C. 820 pp.

58
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-IV

(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)

Semester- IV

Minor (Elective) Practical -3: Plant and animal cell Biology Practical
Course Category Minor (Elective) Practical -3
Title of the Course Plant and Animal cell Biology Practical
Course Credit 01
Teaching Hours per Semester (15 30
Week/ 90 Working days)
Total Marks 25

Course Outcomes - COs

On completion of the course, students are able to know
1. Students can describe the key elements of F.C. Steward's experiment demonstrating plant cell
totipotency.
2. Student will learn detailed explanation of B. Gurdon's landmark experiment involving nuclear
transfer from differentiated tadpole cells into enucleated frog eggs.
3. Students will learn to identify the distinct components of mitochondria as shown in electron
micrographs.
4. Students will gain a solid understanding of the concept of osmosis by potato osmometer.
5. Students will be able to explain the process of plasmolysis, including its causes, effects on plant
cells, and the role of osmosis in this phenomenon.
6. Students will be able to identify and distinguish the different phases of mitosis (prophase, metaphase,
anaphase, and telophase) through microscopy or other visualization techniques.
7. Students will be able to explain the process of meiosis, including its purpose in generating
genetically diverse gametes.
8. students will be well-prepared to accurately detect and quantify carbohydrates like glucose, sucrose,
and starch in fruit juice using a variety of analytical methods and techniques.
9. Students will be able to comprehend the basic structure of plant cells, including the cell wall, cell
membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus and other organelles present in an onion peel.
10. By studying cheek cells, students will appreciate the diversity of cell types within the human body.

1 Employability/Entrepreneurship/Skill Development પર કેન્દ્રિત થયેલ છે કે નહિ? Yes

2 Value added Courses Imparting Transferable and Life Skills નાગુણો ધરાવે છે ? No

Major No Minor Yes

3 Skill Enhancement Courses No Ability Enhancement Courses No
Value Added Courses No Exit/ Vocational Courses No
Holistic No Multidisciplinary No Interdisciplinary No
4 Education

59
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

5 હિવયાાંગમાટે વવષય અંતગગત આનુસાાંગગક જોગવાઈ કરાયેલ છે ? No

6 New India Literacy Programme (NILP) મુજબનો વવષય છે ? No

7 Swayam પ્લેટફોમગ પરના MOOC વવષય પર આધાહરત આ વવષય છે ? No

8 ઇરડીયન નોલેજ સીસ્ટમ (IKS) પર આધાહરત વવષય છે ? No

Pr. No. Practical

1 To Study the Steward cell totipotency Experiment in plant by Chart/PPT.
2 To Study the B. Gurdon Frogs tadpole totipotency experiment in animal by Chart/ PPT.
3 To Study of prokaryotic cell structure through permanent slide.
4 To study the organelle mitochondria through electron micrograph.
5 To demonstrate osmosis by potato osmometer.
6 Study of plasmolysis in epidermal peel of tradescantia leaf.
7 To detect the presence of carbohydrates like glucose, sucrose and starch from fruit juice.
8 To Prepare Stained Temporary Mount of Onion Peel (plant cell).
9 To Prepare Stained Temporary Mount of human cheek cells (Animal cell).
10 Field visit: Advance laboratory/Research centre / Institute, submit the field visit report.

Reference Books:
1. Bendre, A. M. and Ashok Kumar, (2009) A Text book of Practical Botany Vol. I & II.
Rastogi Publications, Meerut. 9th edition.

60
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-IV

(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)
SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY RAJKOT
Practical Skeleton: Minor (Elective)-3 Practical: Plant and Animal cell Biology
Time: - 3 hours Date: -------------------- Total Marks: - 25
Q-1 Perform the plasmolysis in epidermal peel of tradescantia leaf / To detect the 4 M
presence of carbohydrates like glucose, sucrose and starch from fruit juice and show
the examiner “A”.
X Y
A A
Q-2 Prepare Stained Temporary Mount of Onion Peel (plant cell) / human cheek cells 4 M
(Animal cell) and shoe the examiner. “B” and “C”.
X Y
B B
C C
Q-3 Rotation “D” and “E”. (cell organelles, potato osmometer) 4M
D D
E E
Q-4 Journal. 3M
Q-5 Viva - voce 10M

Instructions:
• Certified journal is must and minimum requirement to appearing for semester
end practical examination.
• Should have at least 75% attendance in practical sessions during the semester.
• Time duration: 3 Hours.

As per Saurashtra University General Guidelines (No. Academic / 90882/2023, Dt. 10-
10-2023)

Note:
1. University will arrange practical and viva evaluation by internal faculty and external
evaluator.
2. Marks of practical and viva will be considered under CCE.
❖ Question Paper Format for 4 Credit Course (Practical/Performance)
1. One Practical/Performance of 25 Marks (Viva – 10 Marks & Practical’s – 15 Marks) Each
of Three Hours Duration.
2. 25 Students per practical batch per teacher / examiner.
Practical Exam for 4 credit courses
Course Name Lab work Viva / oral exam. Total
(External) (Internal)
Minor-3 15 mark 10 mark 25 Mark

61
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-IV

(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)

Semester- IV
Skill Enhancement Course -4 (SEC-4): Green House Technology Theory
Course Category Skill Enhancement Course -4 (SEC-4)
Title of the Course Green House Technology Theory
Course Credit 01
Teaching Hours per Semester (15 15
Week/ 90 Working days)
Total Marks 25

Course Outcomes - COs

On completion of the course, students are able to know
1. Students will gain a foundational understanding of greenhouse technology, including Definition,
importance and scope of greenhouse.
2. Students will be able to recognize and categorize various greenhouse shapes including even-span,
uneven-span, curved roof, Gothic arch, and others.
3. Students can Identify common materials used in greenhouse covering and construction, such as
glass, polycarbonate, acrylic, and polyethylene.
4. Students will acquire essential skills and knowledge for utilizing greenhouse instruments effectively
to create optimal growing conditions and maximize productivity in controlled environment
agriculture.
5. Students will gain comprehensive knowledge for designing, implementing, and managing cooling
and ventilation systems for greenhouse environments.
6. Students will acquire specialized knowledge design, implement, and manage Automated
greenhouses, microcontrollers, waste water recycling greenhouse systems with a focus on resource
efficiency and environmental sustainability.
7. Students will develop comprehensive knowledge and skills in greenhouse irrigation systems,
enabling them to implement sustainable water management practices and optimize crop production
in controlled environment agriculture.
8. Students will acquire comprehensive knowledge and skills in greenhouse maintenance and
management, enabling them to address complex challenges and optimize growing conditions for
diverse crops in controlled environment agriculture.
9. To enable students for pursuing respectable career through Self-Employment.
10. To develop inter-twining competence in the field of Agriculture, Floriculture industries.
11. To develop abilities in farming business.
12. To develop the skilled to manage protective cultivation technology, construction of poly house.
13. To develop the foundation for higher studies in the field of Agriculture.
14. To trained future industry professionals.

62
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

1 Employability/Entrepreneurship/Skill Development પર કેન્દ્રિત થયેલ છે કે નહિ? Yes

2 Value added Courses Imparting Transferable and Life Skills ના ગુણો ધરાવે છે ? No

Major No Minor No
3 Skill Enhancement Courses Yes Ability Enhancement Courses No
Value Added Courses No Exit/ Vocational Courses No
Holistic No Multidisciplinary No Interdisciplinary No
4
Education
5 હિવયાાંગ માટે વવષય અંતગગત આનુસાાંગગક જોગવાઈ કરાયેલ છે ? No

6 New India Literacy Programme (NILP) મુજબનો વવષય છે ? No

7 Swayam પ્લેટફોમગ પરના MOOC વવષય પર આધાહરત આ વવષય છે ? No

8 ઇરડીયન નોલેજ સીસ્ટમ (IKS) પર આધાહરત વવષય છે ? No

Unit Topics Hours Marks

No.
1 Introduction, types and construction of greenhouse:
1.1. Definition, importance and scope of greenhouse.
1.2. Different types of Greenhouses. 5 10
1.3. Greenhouses covering material.
1.4. Greenhouses construction material.
2 Instruments, cooling and ventilation of Greenhouse:
2.1. Instruments for greenhouse - Thermometer, pyranometer,
Sunshine recorder, Photosynthesis analyzer, Humidity
meter and pH meter. 5 10
2.2. Cooling and ventilation system of Greenhouse.
2.3. Automated greenhouses, microcontrollers and waste water
recycling.
3 Greenhouse irrigation and maintenance:
3.1. Irrigation system of greenhouse- Hand watering, Perimeter
watering, overhead sprinklers and Drip irrigation. 5 5
3.2. Maintenance and management of greenhouse: light,
temperature, humidity, pest and disease control.
Total 15 25

Reference Books:

1. Bhattacharjee SK, Landscape Gardening and Design with Plants, 1st Edition, Avishkar Publishers
Pvt Ltd, New Delhi, India, 2012.
2. Bose, T.K. and Som, T. K. 1986. Vegetable Crops in India. Naya Prakash, Kolkata.
3. Bose, T.K. and Yadav, L.P. 1992. Commercial Flowers. Naya Prakash, Kolkata.
4. Prasad S and Kumar U 2003. Commercial Floriculture. Agrobios.

63
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

5. Prasad S and Kumar U 2003. Greenhouse management of horticultural crops. 2nd Edition.
Agrobios. Principles of drip irrigation system, Dr. M.S. Mane, [Link], [Link]., Jain
Bros., New Delhi
6. Principles of sprinkler irrigation, Dr. M.S. Mane, [Link]. Jain Bros., New Delhi
7. Randhawa, G.S. and Mukhopadhyaya, A. 1994. Floriculture in India. Allied Publishers [Link].
New Delhi.
8. Shanmugavelu, K.G. 1985. Production Technology of Vegetable Crops. Oxford and IBM
Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
9. Tiwari GN, Greenhouse for controlled environment, 1st Edition, Alpha Science International Pvt
Ltd, United Kingdom, 2003.

64
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-IV

(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)

Semester- IV

Skill Enhancement Course -4 (SEC-4): Green House Technology Practical

Course Category Skill Enhancement Course -4 (SEC-4)
Title of the Course Green House Technology Practical
Course Credit 01
Teaching Hours per Semester (15 30
Week/ 90 Working days)
Total Marks 25

Course Outcomes - COs

On completion of the practical course, students are able to know
1. Students will be able to recognize and categorize various greenhouse shapes including even-span,
uneven-span, curved roof, Gothic arch, and others.
2. Students will be equipped with the knowledge and skills needed to effectively use greenhouse
instruments for successful crop production and management in controlled environments.
3. Students will gain valuable skills and knowledge necessary for successful implementation and
management of greenhouse covering materials.
4. Students will develop essential skills and competencies in greenhouse construction materials and
techniques.
5. Learn about different cooling and ventilation technologies used in greenhouses, including natural
ventilation, fans, evaporative cooling pads, shade systems, and automated controls.
6. Students will acquire the knowledge and skills necessary to manage water quality effectively in
greenhouse operations.
7. Students will gain comprehensive knowledge and practical skills in selecting, designing,
implementing, and managing different greenhouse irrigation systems to support healthy plant growth
and maximize resource efficiency.
8. Students will gain practical insights and valuable experiences that enhance their understanding of
greenhouse production practices and prepare them for careers in agriculture, horticulture, or related
fields.

1 Employability/Entrepreneurship/Skill Development પર કેન્દ્રિત થયેલ છે કે નહિ? Yes

2 Value added Courses Imparting Transferable and Life Skills ના ગુણો ધરાવે છે ? No

Major No Minor No
3 Skill Enhancement Courses Yes Ability Enhancement Courses No
Value Added Courses No Exit/ Vocational Courses No
4 Holistic No Multidisciplinary No Interdisciplinary No
65
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

Education
5 હિવયાાંગ માટે વવષય અંતગગત આનુસાાંગગક જોગવાઈ કરાયેલ છે ? No

6 New India Literacy Programme (NILP) મુજબનો વવષય છે ? No

7 Swayam પ્લેટફોમગ પરના MOOC વવષય પર આધાહરત આ વવષય છે ? No

8 ઇરડીયન નોલેજ સીસ્ટમ (IKS) પર આધાહરત વવષય છે ? No

[Link]. Practical
1 Study of different types of Greenhouses based on shape and span. (Any two)
Study the instrument for greenhouse - Thermometer, pyranometer, Sunshine
2
recorder, Photosynthesis analyser, Humidity meter and pH meter.
3 Study the Greenhouses covering material through / Chart/ PPT.
4 Study the Greenhouses construction material through / Chart/ PPT..
5 Study the cooling and ventilation system of Greenhouse through / Chart/ PPT..
6 Study the quality of water requirement for greenhouse through / Chart/ PPT..
Study the irrigation system of greenhouse- Hand watering, Perimeter watering,
7
overhead sprinklers and drip irrigation through / Chart/ PPT..
At least one Field visits to commercial Greenhouses and writing of a report on the
8
same.

Reference Books:
1. Bhattacharjee SK, Landscape Gardening and Design with Plants, 1st Edition, Avishkar Publishers
Pvt Ltd, New Delhi, India, 2012.
2. Bose, T.K. and Som, T. K. 1986. Vegetable Crops in India. Naya Prakash, Kolkata.
3. Bose, T.K. and Yadav, L.P. 1992. Commercial Flowers. Naya Prakash, Kolkata.
[Link]
4. Practical manual-
5. Prasad S and Kumar U 2003. Commercial Floriculture. Agrobios.
6. Prasad S and Kumar U 2003. Greenhouse management of horticultural crops. 2nd Edition.
Agrobios. Principles of drip irrigation system, Dr. M.S. Mane, [Link], [Link]., Jain
Bros., New Delhi
7. Principles of sprinkler irrigation, Dr. M.S. Mane, [Link]. Jain Bros., New Delhi
8. Randhawa, G.S. and Mukhopadhyaya, A. 1994. Floriculture in India. Allied Publishers [Link].
New Delhi.
9. Shanmugavelu, K.G. 1985. Production Technology of Vegetable Crops. Oxford and IBM
Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
10. Tiwari GN, Greenhouse for controlled environment, 1st Edition, Alpha Science International Pvt
Ltd, United Kingdom, 2003.

66
 [Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester – III & IV Syllabus as per NEP-2020.

[Link]. Honours/ Honours with Research in Botany Semester-IV

(NCrF Level- 5.0 Second Year – Diploma in Botany)
SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY RAJKOT
Practical Skeleton: SEC-4: Greenhouses technology Practical
Time: - 1.5 hours Date: -------------------- Total Marks: - 10
Q-1 Identify and Describe the specimen “A”. (Instrument in greenhouse cultivation) 1M
X Y
A A
Q-2 Describe the different types of Greenhouses (Any one) 2M
Q-3 Journal. 2M
Q-4 Viva – Voce 05M

Instructions:
• Certified journal is must and minimum requirement to appearing for semester
end practical examination.
• Should have at least 75% attendance in practical sessions during the semester.
• Time duration: 1.5 Hours.
As per Saurashtra University General Guidelines (No. Academic / 90882/2023, Dt. 10-
10-2023)
Note:
1. University will arrange practical and viva evaluation by internal faculty and external
evaluator.
2. Marks of practical and viva will be considered under CCE.
❖ Question Paper Format for 2 Credit Course (Practical/Performance)
1. One Practical/Performance of 10 Marks (Viva – 05 Marks & Practical’s – 05 Marks) Each
of One and Half Hours Duration.
2. 25 Students per practical batch per teacher/examiner.
3. Marks of practical and viva will be considered under CCE.
Exam for 2 credit courses
External Practical Exam – 10 Theory Internal Exam- 15
Mark (Marks of practical and viva mark (as per CCE Evaluation
will be considered under CCE.) of 50 Marks (2 Credits Paper)

Course Practical (Lab Viva / oral Written test Integrated Total

Name work exam. (Any -2) (Any-1) Mark
(External) (Internal)
SEC- IV 5 mark 5 mark 10 Mark 5 mark 25
mark
Online
10 Mark for practical 15 Mark for theory
entry
Note: Online entry of 15 marks for theory internal and 10 marks for practical external will be
opened separately.

67