CSI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

KETTI, THE NILGIRIS – 643215

ME25C05–Re-EngineeringforInnovation

RECORD NOTE BOOK

STUDENT NAME : _______________________________

REGISTER NUMBER : _______________________________

YEAR /SEM : I YEAR / II SEMESTER

DEPARTMENT :

REGULATION : REG 2025

 CSI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
KETTI, THE NILGIRIS - 643215

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

UNIVERSITY REGISTER NUMBER

Certified that this is a bonafide record of practical work done by Mr./Ms.

………………………………………………….. of Electrical and Mechanical department
in the ME25C05–Re-Engineering for Innovation Laboratory during the 2nd
semester1st year and submitted for the University Practical Examination
conducted on ……………………..…………… in CSI College of Engineering

Lab In-charge Head of the Department

Internal Examiner External Examiner

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Exp. Marks Signature

Date Name of the Experiments PageNo.
Obtained
No.
 Bootcamp1

Study and understand the Fundamentals of product development

Aim
To study and understand the fundamentals of product development, its importance,
and the various stages involved in converting an idea into a successful product.

Objectives
 To understand what product development is
 To learn the stages of the product development process
 To identify customer needs and design requirements
 To study real-life products from a development perspective

Apparatus/Materials Required
 Sample every day products(pen, bottle, torch, stapler, remote,etc.)
 Notebook and pen
 Reference charts

Theory

Product Development is the systematic process of designing, creating, and launching a

product to meet customer needs and market demands. It involves technical, economic, and
aesthetic considerations.

A well-developed product should:

 Satisfy user needs

 Be safe and reliable
 Be cost-effective
 Be easy to manufacture and maintain

Product development is not limited to new products; it also includes product improvement,
redesign, and innovation.

Stages of Product Development

1. Idea Generation
o Ideas are generated from customer needs, market research, or innovation.
2. Concept Development
o Basic product concept is created.
 o Feasibility is studied.
3. Design & Engineering
o Detailed design of components.
o Materials election and dimensions.
4. Prototyping
o Physical or virtual model of the product is created.
5. Testing &Validation
o Product is tested for performance, safety, and durability.
6. Manufacturing
o Product is manufactured in large quantities.
7. Product Launch
o Product is introduced into the market.

Procedure
1. Select a simple every day product.
2. Observe the product carefully.
3. Identify the purpose and target user.
4. List the major components.
5. Identify materials used.
6. Discusshowtheproductmighthavebeendevelopedthroughdifferentstages.
7. Record observations.

Result
Thus, the fundamentals of product development and its stages were studied and understood
successfully.
 Study and understand the concept of the product lifecycle

Aim
To study and understand the concept of the Product Life Cycle and analyze its stages
with respect to sales, profit, marketing strategies, and real-world examples.

Objectives

 To understand the meaning and importance of the Product Life Cycle (PLC)
 To identify the various stages of PLC
 To analyze marketing and business strategies a teach PLC stage
 To study real-life products based on PLC stages

Theory

The Product Life Cycle (PLC) describes the stages a product goes through from its
introduction into the market until its decline and withdrawal. Understanding PLC helps
organizations make strategic decisions related to pricing, promotion, distribution, and product
improvement.

Stages of Product Life Cycle

1. Introduction Stage
o Product launched in the market
o Low sales volume
o High promotion cost
o Little or no profit
2. Growth Stage
o Rapid increase in sales
o Rising profits
o Market acceptance improves
o Competitors enter the market
3. Maturity Stage
o Sales growth slows down
o Maximum profit level reached
o Market saturation
o Strong competition
4. Decline Stage
o Decline in sales and profits
o Product becomes outdated
o Reduced promotion
o Product may be with drawn
 Diagram(Conceptual)

Procedure
1. Study the definition and stages of the Product Life Cycle.
2. Identify real-life products corresponding to each PLC stage.
3. Analyze sales trend, profit, and marketing strategy for each stage.
4. Plot a Product Life Cycle curve based on assumed or collected data.
5. Record observations and draw conclusions.

Result

Thus, the concept of the Product Life Cycle was studied and understood. The different
stages of PLC and their characteristics were analyzed using real-world examples.
 EX. NO: Practice of Basic Measurements and Sketching Using CAD

DATE:

Aim

To practice basic measurement techniques and develop simple sketches using Computer
Aided Design (CAD) software.

Objectives

 To understand basic CAD interface and tools

 To practice accurate measurement techniques in CAD
 Tocreatebasic2Dsketchesusingstandardcommands
 To improve drafting accuracy and visualizations kills

Apparatus/Software Required

 Computer system
 CAD software
 Mouse and keyboard

Common Measurement Tools in CAD

 Linear Dimension
 Aligned Dimension
 Angular Dimension
 Radius and Diameter
 Distance and Area measurement

Basic Sketching Commands

 Line
 Circle
 Arc
 Rectangle
 Polygon
 Trim and Extend
 Offset

Procedure

 Start the CAD software and open a new drawing file.

 Set drawing units(mm/inches)using the Units command.
 Create reference lines using the Line command.
 Draw basic shapes such as rectangles, circles, and arcs.
 Apply Trim, Extend, and Offset commands where required.
  Measure dimensions using appropriate dimension tools.
 Add dimensions and annotations to the sketch.
 Save the drawing file.

Result

Thus, basic measurements and sketching using CAD software were successfully
practiced and understood.
 [Link]: To Perform Virtual Assembly of Knuckle joint Components
Using CAD
DATE:

Aim

To draw individual components of a knuckle joint and perform 2D virtual assembly

using AutoCAD.

Software Required

Auto CAD(2DDrafting)

Components of Knuckle Joint

Eye End

Fork End

Knuckle Pin

Collar

Taper Pin

Commands Used

LINE (L),CIRCLE©,ARC(A),OFFSET(O)

TRIM (TR),EXTEND(EX),FILLET(F),MOVE(M)

COPY (CO),ROTATE(RO),DIMLINEAR,DIMDIAMETER

Procedure
Step1:Drawing of Individual Components(2D)
(a) Eye End

Draw the outline using LINE and ARC commands as per given dimensions.

Draw the circular hole using CIRCLE command.

Apply FILLET at required corners.

Add dimensions.
(b) Fork End

Draw the outer profile using LINE command.

Create slot using OFFSET and TRIM.

Draw pinholes using CIRCLE command.

Dimension the drawing.

(c) Knuckle Pin

Draw a rectangle for pin length.

Draw a circle at one end for head.

Add small hole for taper pin.

(d) Collar

Draw two concentric circles.

Trim unnecessary portions.

(e) Taper Pin

Draw at appeared profile using

LINE. Add dimensions.

Step2:2DVirtualAssemblyinAutoCAD
Open a new drawing file.

Copy all individual component drawings into the file.

Use MOVE and

ROTATE commands to position arts correctly. Align eye end inside

the fork end.

Insert knuckle pin through holes.

Place collar and taper pin in

position.

Ensure proper alignment using OSNAP.

Step4:Draw Shaft–Front(Side)View

1. Draw the shaft length using LINE as per given dimensions.

2. Use OFFSET command to draw shaft diameter.
3. Draw steps or shoulders using LINE and OFFSET.
4. Draw key way using RECTANGLE command.
5. Apply FI LET or CHAMFER at edges if required.

Step5:Draw Shaft–Top View

1. Draw concentric circle using CIRCLE command.

2. Draw key way slot using RECTANGLE.
3. Add center marks using DIMCENTER.

Step 6: Draw Coupling – Sectional Front View

1. Draw coupling length using LINE.

2. Offset lines to form outer diameter using OFFSET.
3. Draw inner bore using OFFSET.
4. Draw key way and bolt holes using RECTANGLE and CIRCLE.
5. Apply HATCH for sectional view.

Step7:Draw Coupling–Top View

1. Draw outer circle using CIRCLE command.

2. Draw inner bore circle.
3. Draw bolt holes using CIRCLE with POLARARRAY.
4. Add centerlines.

Step8: Apply Dimensions

1. Use DIMLINEAR for linear dimensions.

2. Use DIMDIAMETER for diameters.
3. Use DIMRADIUS if required.
4. Ensure dimensions are neat and readable.

Step9:Add Annotations

1. Use TEXT or MTEXT command.

2. Add title:
o “SHAFTAND COUPLING”
3. Label important features(Keyway, Bore, Diameter, etc.).

Step10: Final Check and Save

1. Check alignment of views.

2. Remove unwanted construction lines.
3. Save the file as:
o Shaft_and_Coupling_2D.dwg
 Result
The knuckle joint components were successfully drawn and assembled virtually in 2D
using AutoCAD.
 [Link]: To Model Flange Coupling Parts from Given Dimensions
DATE:

Aim
To draw the individual parts of a flange coupling from given dimensions using 2D
CAD (AutoCAD).

Software Required
AutoCAD(2DDrafting)

Components of Flange Coupling

Shaft

Flange

Key

Bolts and Nuts(representation only)

Commands Used

LINE(L),CIRCLE©,ARC(A),OFFSET(O)

TRIM(TR),EXTEND(EX),FILLET(F),MOVE(M)

COPY(CO),ROTATE(RO),DIMLINEAR,DIMDIAMETER

Procedure
Step1:Drawing of Shaft(2D)

Draw a horizontal center line.

Draw two parallel lines at a distance of 15mm on either side to represent shaft
diameter.

Close the ends using LINE command.

Add dimensions.
Step2:Drawing of Hub

From one end of the shaft, draw hublengthof40mm.

Draw hub diameter using OFFSET command(25mmfromcenter).

Trim unnecessary lines.

Apply dimensions.

Step3:Drawing of Flange

Draw a vertical line at hub end.

Draw flange thickness of 20mm.

Draw flange outer diameter using CIRCLE command(radius50mm). Trim

extra portions to obtain half-sectional view.

Step4:Drawing of Bolt Holes

Draw a pitch circle of diameter70mm.

Draw one bolt holeofdiameter10mmonthe pitch circle. Use

ARRAY (Polar) to create remaining bolt holes.

Step5:Drawing of Key

Draw a rectangular slot on shaft top.

Key size: 10 mm × 8 mm.

Add dimensions.
 Result

The individual parts of a flange coupling were successfully drawn in 2D using AutoCAD as
per given dimensions.
 Bootcamp2

INTRODUCTIONTOESP32CONTROLLER

INTRODUCTION

The ESP32 is a low-cost, low-power microcontroller series from Espress if Systems,

featuring integrated Wi-Fi and Bluetooth/BLE, a dual-core processor, and rich I/O, making it
ideal for IoT projects, home automation, and hardware prototypes needing wireless
connectivity and processing power.
It is versatile, supporting Arduino IDE and Micro Python, offering high-speed
communication with protocols like HTTP/HTTPS, and boasting features like ADCs, DACs,
and touch sensors, all at an accessible price point.
It is used for multiple IoT applications, wireless communication, robotics, home
automation, and audio/video processing. In addition to having a fairly low cost compared to
its competitors, and has ultra-low consumption functions

KEYFEATURES&CAPABILITIES

 Connectivity:Built-in2.4 GHz Wi-Fi(802.11 b/g/n) and Bluetooth(Classic &BLE).

 Processing Power: Typically, a dual-core 32-bit Xtensa LX6 (or newer cores in other
variants) running up to 240 MHz, allowing multitasking.
 Memory: Includes on-chip RAM(e.g.,520KB)and supports external flash.
 Peripherals: Wide range of pins for GPIO, SPI, I2C,UART, ADC (analog inputs),
DAC (analog outputs), PWM, Capacitive Touch, and more.
 Security: Hardware accelerators for secure communication(HTTPS).
 Power Efficiency: Low power consumption, with deep sleep modes for battery-
operated devices.
 Development: Easily programmed via Arduino IDE, Micro Python, or Espress if's
IDF, with vast community support.

UsesofESP32
 IoT devices(smart sensors, remote monitoring)
 Wearables,HomeAutomation,Robotics,Prototypinganydeviceneedinginternetor
Bluetooth
 Schematic Diagrams:

Sl. no Component Name Symbol

1 Battery

2 Resistor

3 Capacitor

4 Inductor

5 LED

6 Switch

7 IC

8 Ground

Electrical Connections: Precautions and best practices:

 High current(more than rated current)may damage the equipment, may result in fire.
 Always include a current-limiting resistor while connecting a device([Link])to the
micro controller.
 Check the polarities of connections.
 Use a consistent wiring color code–e.g. red for power and black for ground.
 First finish the wiring neatly, then connect it to the power.
 Recommended: connect and test one sub system at a time.
ESP32Board(Controller)

ESP32board:KeyComponents
 AutomationwithESP32:InitialSetup

1. SoftwareInstallationsforusingESP32
a. Install Arduino IDE
b. InstallESP32 board package and selectESP32module
c. Install device driver if needed
d. Install needed libraries(for the activities to be done in the lab)
2. ConnectESP32tocomputer
[Link] the setup

Installing Arduino IDE

1. Download Arduino Software:

a. VisittheofficialArduinowebsiteat[Link]
b. Downloadversion2.3.x(or the latest stable version)of the Arduino IDE
2. Install Arduino IDE on Windows/Linux: a. Run the IDE installer after
download
[Link]
3. Configure Arduino IDE:
1. Launch Arduino IDE
2. File->Preferences: update as needed
1. Tools->Board->Board Manager
a. SearchforESP32
b. Installesp32by Espress if Systems
2. Tools->Board->esp32

a. ChecktheESP32modulename from your board

b. Installesp32moduleasperyourESP32board, e.g. ESP32-WROOM-DA module

3. Tools->BoardshouldshowcorrespondingESP32boardmoduleandesp32asselected
 Connecting ESP32 to Computer

1. ConnectESP32to Computer:
a. ConnectESP32Power USB to Computer USBportviaESP32USBcable

2. CheckCP210xUSBdriverinstallationstatus
a. Open Device Manager
b. Other devices->CP210xUSBtoUART controller should be installed

3. InstallCP210xDriverifneeded
[Link]://[Link]/developer-tools/usb-to-uart-bridge-vcpdrivers?tab=downloads
b. Extract downloaded package
c. Install driver: Silabser (Filetype: setup information)->right click ->install
d. Recheck driver status via Device Manager and record the port number shown for the
device
4. Select Port on Arduino IDE

a. Tools->Port ->COM3(Port#to be as per port number recorded from Device manager)

ArduinoIDE+ESP32connectionreadiness

1. With steps done, we should see the following

a. Tools->Board:yourspecificESP32model
b. Tools->Port: COM / USB port associated with your ESP32
2. Start Programming:
a. Use new ‘Sketch’ to write new code / program or open existing sketch to modify
b. Use ‘tick’ mark on IDE to compile the program
c. Use ‘forward’ arrow on IDE to upload the program to the connectedESP32
d. Ensure Board and Port number are as per ESP32module and port# before uploading
Making Connections with Breadboard

 A bread board is are usable, solder less plastic board with a grid of holes and
internal metal clips that allow you to build and test temporary electronic circuits by
simply plugging in components and wires, making it ideal for prototyping,
education, and experimentation without permanent connections.

 Components like resistors, LEDs, and integrated circuits (ICs) are inserted into the
holes, with the clips connecting them internally, often in sets of five or along power
rails, enabling easy modification and reuse.
 Expt no: Blinking of LED using ESP32controller

Date:

Aim: To design and implement a simple electronic circuit that makes an LED blink ON and OFF at
a fixed time interval using ESP32.

Components Required:
Sl. no Components Name Quantity
1 ESP32board 1
2 Arduino IDE Software Installed
3 LED 1
4 Resistor 1
5 Breadboard 1
6 Jumper Asrequired

Procedure:
Before Programming check the following,
a. Tools->Board: your specificESP32model
b. Tools->Port: COM/USBportassociatedwithyourESP32
Start Programming:
Step –1:Use new ‘Sketch’ to write new code /program or open existing sketch to modify
Step–2:Use ‘tick’ mark on IDE to compile the program
Step –3:Use ‘forward’ arrow on IDE to upload the program to the connectedESP32
Step–4:EnsureBoard and Port number areasperESP32moduleand port# before uploading

CircuitDiagram:
Program/Code

//Blinking LED
int
ledPin=4;//LEDconnectedto GPIO4
void setup() {
pinMode
ledPin,OUTPUT);
//SetGPIO4asoutput
}
void loop()
{
digitalWrite
ledPin,HIGH);//TurnLEDON delay(1000);
//Wait1second
digitalWrite
ledPin,LOW);//TurnLEDOFF delay(1000);
//Wait1 second
}

Result:
 Expt no: Fading LED

Date:

Aim: To demonstrate and understand the principle of controlling the brightness of a LED using
techniques like PWM

Components Required:
Sl. no Components Name Quantity
1 ESP32board 1
2 Arduino IDESoftware Installed
3 LED 1
4 Resistor 1
5 Breadboard 1
6 Jumper As required

Procedure:
Before Programming check the following,
a. Tools->Board: your specificESP32model
b. Tools->Port: COM/USBportassociatedwithyourESP32
Start Programming:
Step –1:Use new ‘Sketch’ to write new code /program or open existing sketch to modify
Step–2:Use ‘tick’ mark on IDE to compile the program
Step –3:Use‘forward’ arrow on IDE to upload the program to the connectedESP32
Step–4:Ensure Board and Port number are as perESP32 module and port# before uploading

Circuit Diagram:
Program/Code

int
led=4;//thePWMpinthe LED isattachedtoD4 int
brightness=0;//initiallyLED isoff int
fadeAmount =5;//howmanypointstofade
voidsetup()
{
pinMode
(led,
}
voidloop()
{
//setthebrightnessofpin9:
analogWrite
(led,
//changethebrightnessfornexttime
brightness = brightness +
fadeAmount
//reversefadingdirectionatendsofthefade if
(brightness <= 0 || brightness >= 255) {
fadeAmount
=fadeAmount
}
delay(30);
//wait30mstoseedimming effect
}

Result:
 Expt no: Alternate LED On and

Off Date:

Aim: To design and implement as electronic circuit that makes an LED blink ON and OFF
alternatively at a fixed time interval using ESP32.

Components Required:
[Link] Components Name Quantity
1 ESP32board 1
2 Arduino IDE Software Installed
3 LED 1
4 Resistor 1
5 Breadboard 1
6 Jumper Asrequired

Procedure:
Before Programming check the following,
a. Tools->Board: your specificESP32model
b. Tools->Port: COM/USB portassociatedwithyourESP32

Start Programming:
Step –1:Use new ‘Sketch’ to write new code /program or open existing sketch to modify
Step–2:Use‘tick’ mark on IDE to compile the program
Step –3:Use‘ forward’ arrow on IDE to upload the program to the connectedESP32
Step–4:Ensure Board and Port number areasperESP32moduleand port# before uploading

CircuitDiagram:
Program/Code

//LEDisconnectedtodigitalpinD4 and
D15
const
intledPin1=4;
const
intledPin2=15;
voidsetup() {
//Initializethedigitalpinsasoutputs pinMode
(ledPin1,OUTPUT);
pinMode
(ledPin2,OUTPUT);
}
voidloop(){
//Turnfirst LEDonandsecondLEDoff
digitalWrite
(ledPin1,HIGH);
digitalWrite
(ledPin2, LOW);
delay(1000);
1000);//Waitforasecond
//Turnthefirst LEDoffandthesecondLEDon digitalWrite
(ledPin1, LOW);
digitalWrite
(ledPin2,HIGH);
delay(1000);//Waitforasecond
}

Result:
 AnalogandDigitalSensorsInterfacingwithESP32

Sensors activities
1. DHT11:TemperatureandHumiditySensor
2. Ultrasonic Sensor: Object detection including distance
Sensor Applications:
These sensors can be used in various applications such as Home automation, Agriculture
and Healthcare etc…
1. DHT11:TemperatureandHumiditySensor
E.g., Intelligent Ventilation, Irrigation tuning, Incubator monitor
2. Ultrasonic Sensor: Object detection including distance
E.g., Trash Level, Automated animal feeder, Smart pill dispenser

DHT11:TemperatureandHumiditySensor

UltrasonicDistanceSensor
 Expt No: Temperature and Humidity

Monitoring

Date:

Aim: To design and implement a simple electronic circuit that makes an LED blink ON and OFF at
a fixed time interval using ESP32.

Components Required:
Sl. no Components Name Quantity
1 ESP32board 1
2 Arduino IDESoftware Installed
3 LED 1
4 Resistor 1
5 Breadboard 1
6 Jumper Asrequired

Procedure:
Before Programming check the following,
a. Tools->Board: your specificESP32model
b. Tools->Port: COM/ USBportassociatedwithyourESP32

Start Programming:
Step –1:Use new ‘Sketch’ to write new code /program or open existing sketch to modify
Step–2:Use‘tick’ mark on IDE to compile the program
Step –3:Use forward’ arrow on IDE to upload the program to the connectedESP32
Step–4:Ensure Board and Port numberareasperESP32moduleand port# before uploading
Circuit diagram:
Program/Code

#include<DHT11.h>
DHT11 dht11(5);
voidsetup() {
//Initializeserialcommunicationtoallow
debugging and data readout.
//Usingabaudrateof9600bps.
[Link](9600);
}
voidloop(){
inttemperature=0; int
humidity = 0;
// Attempt to read the temperature and
humidityvaluesfromtheDHT11sensor. int
result =
[Link](temp
erature, humidity);
//Ifthereareerrors,printtheappropriate error
messages
if (result == 0) {
[Link]("Temperature:");
[Link](temperature);
[Link]("
C tHumidity: ");
[Link](humidity);
[Link](" %");
}else{
//Printerrormessagebasedontheerror
code
[Link](DHT11::getErrorString(result));}}

Result:
 REVERSEENGINEERING

Refined Project Description

 Conduct reverse engineering of an existing product
 Sketch and prototype alternative design concepts
 Participate in group brain storming and ideation sessions
 Manufactureprototypecomponentsusing3Dprintingand/or works hoptools
 Assemble and evaluate the final prototype product

As a Step-by-Step Process
1. Reverse engineer the existing product to understand its components and functionality
2. Generate alternative design concepts through sketching and group brainstorming
3. Develop prototypes of selected designs
4. Manufactureprototypepartsusing3Dprintingandworkshop machinery
5. Assemble the prototype and assess its performance

Example:

Simple Products Challenging Products

• Calculator • PC
• Landline phone • Cell phone
• Multi meter • Electric Kettle
• Exhaust Fan, table fan, • Power Drill
• ceiling fan • Induction Stove
• Electric Iron Box • Vacuum Cleaner
• Mixie • LCD projector
 ReverseEngineeringVsForwardEngineering

ReverseEngineeringForwardEngineering

Productundestanding Identify

Reassembly Requirements

Analyseworkingprinciple ConceptualDesign

ComponentIdentification DetailedDesign

Disassembly Prototyping,Testing

Howis theproductused? Production

SelectExistingProduct FinalProduct