EXCEL INTRODUCTION

Workbooks
A workbook is the name given to an Excel document and has the file
extension (".xlsx").
A workbook contains one or more worksheets and there are 3 worksheets in
the default workbook.
There are tabs at the bottom of the workbook to enable you to select which
worksheet is currently displayed.
It is best to think of a workbook as a stack of worksheets all on top on each
other.
Using multiple worksheets within a workbook allows you to organise your
data better.
The default naming convention for workbooks is Book1, Book2, etc.
You can open as many workbooks as you like (memory allowing) but there
can only ever be one Active Workbook at any one time.

Using the Control Buttons

When you open Excel there are actually two separate windows.
Both these windows have what are called control menus.
The icon in the top left hand corner is known as the control menu and the
three buttons in the top right hand corner provide shortcuts for commands
on this menu.
You can also display the control menu by pressing the left mouse button on
the icon in the top left corner.

The outside window is the Title Bar or Application Window.

This window displays the name of the application and the name of the active
workbook.

The workbook name will only have a file extension once it has been saved.
Minimise - Excel is reduced to a button on the taskbar.
Restore - Restores the application window to its original size before it was
maximised or minimised.
or Maximise - Increases the size of the Excel window to fill the whole
screen.
Close - Closes Excel completely.

The inside window is the Menu Bar or Workbook Window.

Minimise - Workbook is reduced to a small icon within Excel.

Restore - Restores the workbook window to its original size before it was
maximised or minimised.
or Maximise - Workbook is increased to fill the whole application window.
When the window is maximised this button changes to restore.
Close - Closes the active workbook.

Tab Split Bar

Drag the split bar to the right if you want to see more sheet tabs and less
horizontal scroll bar.
Double click the tab split to return it to its normal position
Right click on tab scrollling buttons to get a list of all the worksheets for
quick selection

Important
If you have several workbooks open and you want to close them all quickly,
hold down Shift and select (File > Close All). You will be prompted if there
is any unsaved data.
You can view your workbooks on the full screen by pressing (View > Full
Screen). This will maximise the amount of information that is viewed by
removing all the toolbars except the menu bar. It will maximise Excel on your
PC though.
If you re-name any workbook files using Windows Explorer do not forget to
keep the (".xls") file extension. This extension identifies the file as being an
Excel workbook.
The (Edit > Undo) command is workbook (not worksheet) specific and can be
used to undo the last 16 actions.
You can also use the shortcut key (Shift + F12) to save a workbook.
You can also use the shortcut key (Ctrl + F12) to display the (File > Open)
dialog box.

How many worksheets can I use ?

Using lots of smaller worksheets as opposed to one large worksheet has
several advantages:
1) Your worksheets will recalculate faster.
2) Your data will be easier to manage and to update.
There is no restriction on the number of worksheets you can have in a
workbook, as long as you have enough memory on your PC.

Remove the Blank Workbook

You can prevent the default (empty) workbook from opening every time you
open Excel by adding a switch to your Excel shortcut.
Right mouse click on the shortcut you are using to open Excel.
Select Properties and append the following "/e" to the end of the target line.
Default Number of Worksheets
By default every new workbook contains 3 worksheets.
This can be changed by selecting (Tools > Options)(General tab, Sheets in
new workbook).
When this settings is changed the new value is stored in the registry at the
following location:
Note that this is version specific.

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Office\11.0\Excel\Options\DefSheets

Different Layers
Although an Excel workbook may appear to be a single entity there are infact
three layers
Data layer - This holds the worksheet data, numbers, text, formulas etc
Back Drawing layer - This holds background images such as background
images gridlines etc.
Front Drawing layer - This contains graphics to highlight important pieces
of information, charts, comments etc. This obviously hides any items in the
drawing layer or data layer behind.

Excel Viewer
The Excel Viewer is free to distribute and allows you to open and print Excel
workbooks.
You can also copy data from Excel Viewer to another application.
This is a replacement for Excel Viewer 97 and all previous Excel Viewer
versions.

File Already Open

When you try to open a file that resides on a shared network drive while
another user has the file open Excel will display the File in Use dialog box.
This dialog box gives you the option of opening the file as Read Only and
also to be automatically notified when the file is available for editing.
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If the file was saved with a read-only password then you must still enter the
appropritae password to open the file.
If you click Notify Excel will open the file in read-only mode but will notify you
when the file becomes available for read-write access.
At that point the File Now Available dialog box will appear.
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Accessing and Saving Remote Files

Using the Save In drop-down list on the Save As dialog box you can save a
workbook on any available network drive or at an FTP site or web folder on
the internet.
The dialog box that is displayed when you choose (File > Open) contains a
Look In drop-down list similar to the Save In list
You can use this list to retrieve workbooks saved on the network or on the
Internet.

Custom Workbook Properties

Do they have to be named ranges ?
If the cell is deleted then the custom property is automatically removed ??
The username that appears in the (File > Properties)(Summary tab) is
from the (Tools > Options)(General tab, "User Name") of the user who
created the workbook.
It is possible to create and save custom properties within your
workbooks (File > Properties).
This will also tell you when a workbook was created.
Excel 2000 and later has a "Detect and Repair" option on the Help menu that
will replace any missing or damaged files that Excel needs in order to
operate properly. You may require the installation CD.

Removing the "Ask a Question" box

Select (Tools > Customize) and press the Options tab.
Move your cursor over the menu bar in the corner and press the right mouse
button.
Select or Deselect the "Show Ask a Question Box" to show or hide it.
If you are hiding the Ask a Question box, it will still display until after you
close the Customize dialog box.

Worksheets
A worksheet is the name given to the large grid where you actually perform
your calculations.
A worksheet can be thought of as a single sheet of paper.
Worksheets are where you store your data and you will typically have more
than one worksheet in a workbook.

Every worksheet has 16,384 columns (A - XFD) and 1,048,576 rows.

This means that every worksheet contains 16,777,216 individual cells. This
cannot be changed.
The exact number of cells displayed at any one time depends on the size of
the screen, screen resolution and video driver.
Each intersection of a row and a column defines a cell and this cell can be
identified by its unique address.

Cell Address
A cell address is made up of the column letter followed by the row number.
For example the cell that is the intersection of column "B" with row "2" has a
unique cell address of "B2".
Every cell on a worksheet has a unique address.
The Name box in the top left corner always displays the address of the active
cell.
The following are all examples of cell addresses: A1, B2, D200, CC56,
IV6000.
The active cell is the cell that is currently selected.

Using Worksheets
At any one time there can only ever be one Active Worksheet and one
Active Cell.
To move between worksheets just select a different sheet tab at the bottom.
These are located at the bottom left of the workbook, next to the horizontal
scroll bar.

You can select a sheet tab to make that particular sheet active.
You can alternatively use the navigation arrow keys to the left of the sheet
tabs.
There are four navigation arrows provided and they allow you to quickly
move around between multiple worksheets.

First - Selects the first worksheet in the active workbook.

Left - Selects the worksheet to the left of the left of the active worksheet.
Right - Selects the worksheet to the right of the active worksheet.
Last - Selects the last worksheet in the active workbook.
It is a lot simpler when using sheet names in formulas and range names if
you do not use spaces in your worksheet names. Always use the underscore
instead of a space.

Worksheet Zoom
You can enlarge and reduce the current font size of the worksheet by
adjusting the view percentage.
You can magnify a worksheet to read small data or shrink a worksheet to
view more of your data.
The quickest way to change the view percentage it to use the view drop-
down list on the Standard toolbar.
To change the worksheet zoom percentage select a different percentage
from the drop-down list.
The default percentage for all new worksheets is 100%.

You can also change the Zoom percentage by displaying the Zoom dialog
box.
Select (View > Zoom) and choose the required percentage from the
available options.
You can zoom between 10 and 400%.

To view the whole worksheet, press (Ctrl + End), Hold down Shift and select
(Ctrl + Home).
To view just a particular range of cells, highlight the cells and choose Fit
Selection from the Zoom dialog box.
You can Zoom only selected cells rather than the whole sheet if you use the
Selection option with the Zoom. This option allows you to select the cells you
want to zoom in on (this option won't reduce a range) and chooses just the
right percentage to see the selection as large as possible.
When you're done, select 100% (or the appropriate percentage) from the
Zoom control in the Toolbar or choose Edit, Undo Zoom or press Ctrl-Z.
It is also possible to adjust this zoom size by holding down the Ctrl key and
moving your mouse wheel (only if you are using an IntelliMouse).

IntelliMouse
You can use the wheel that is located between your left and right mouse
button to quickly move around a worksheet.
Turning the wheel towards you will scroll down the worksheet.
Turning the wheel away from you will scroll up the worksheet.
You can also press the wheel and drag the mouse to quickly move in a
particular direction.
When the wheel is pressed the cursor will change into a grey direction arrow
indicating the scrolling direction.
The scrolling speed depends on how fast you drag the mouse.
It is possible to change the wheel so instead of scrolling it zooms.
This can be done from changing your (Tools > Options)(General tab, "Zoom
on Roll with Intellimouse").

Selecting Worksheets
If your workbook contains a lot of worksheets or your worksheet names are
quite long, then the sheet tabs may not all be visible at the same time
meaning selecting the sheet you want will involve scrolling.
You can quickly display a list of all the worksheets in a workbook by clicking
the right mouse button over any of the worksheet scroll bars.

This list will only display the first 15 worksheets, if your workbook contains
more then an additional "More Sheets" command will display the Activate
dialog box allowing you to select the worksheet from a list box.
The quickest way to move to a particular sheet if you cannot see them all is
to right click on any of the tab scrolling buttons to display a full list of the
worksheets and then double click (or select) the one you want. This becomes
even easier if the worksheets are in alphabetical order.
The worksheets are listed in the order in which they appear in your workbook
and selecting one of them will select that worksheet.

Formatting Worksheets
You can display a graphic as your background to a worksheet. (Format >
Sheet > Background). Choose the image you want to use.
To format several sheets in an identical manner select them all before
applying any formatting. Anything you do on the active sheet happens on all
the selected sheets.
Colouring the worksheet tabs offers you more organisation flexibility
When multiple worksheets are selected, any changes made to one worksheet
will be made to all the worksheets that are selected.

3 Different Layers
An Excel spreadsheet actually consists of two layers - a value layer and a
function layer.
The value layer is active by default so that the results of any formulas are
displayed. You can select or toggle between the two layers either by
changing it in (Tools > Options) (View tab) or by using the short cut key (Ctrl
+ ~) / (Ctrl + ').
Worksheets actually have three layers:
Values layer -
Formula layer -
Drawing layer - This is where you can add various objects (such as
graphics, charts, AutoShapes, objects etc)

Important
It is very important to know the distinction between a sheet and a worksheet.
A worksheet is a type of sheet. There are several other types, for example a
chart sheet.
You can change the default number of worksheets that appear in a new
workbook by selecting (Excel Options)(General tab, Sheets in new
workbook).
There is no restriction on the number of worksheets you can add to a
workbook.
The quickest way to copy an existing worksheet is to hold down the Ctrl key
while you drag the sheet tab.

Status Bar
This is an area in the bottom right corner of the status bar that is used to
display various keyboard modes.
You can toggle the display of the status bar at any time by selecting (View
> Status Bar).
You can also toggle the display from your (Tools > Options)(View tab, Status
bar).
There is no option to hide the status bar ?

EXT - Extended
Pressing F8 allows you to enter what is called "Extended" mode.
This allows you select a range of cells by using the arrow keys and is the
equivalent to selecting cells by dragging the mouse.
Press F8 again to switch this off.
When using this feature make sure that Scroll Lock is switched off.

ADD - Add
Pressing (Shift + F8) allows you to enter what is called "Addition" mode.
This allows you to add more cells to the current selection. The cells do not
have to be adjacent and is the equivalent of selecting cells by holding down
the Ctrl key and dragging the mouse.
Press (Shift + F8) again to switch this off.
This appears in the same place on the status bar as the EXT.
CAPS - Caps Lock
Pressing the Caps Lock button in the left of the keyboard allows you to type
text in upper case.
Press the Caps Lock button again to switch this off.

NUM - Num Lock

You can press Num Lock on the numeric keypad to switch the keys on the
right hand side of your keyboard between number and movement keys.
When NUM is visible at the bottom of your screen, you can use the number
keys 0 through 9 to quickly enter numbers.
When NUM is not visible at the bottom then you can use the movement keys
to move through your worksheet.

SCRL - Scroll Lock

Pressing the Scroll Lock button in the top right hand corner of the keyboard
allows to scroll the worksheet without changing the active cell.
Press Scroll Lock again to switch this off.
This can be switched off by either pressing Insert again or by selecting
another cell.
Using the Page Up and Page Down keys will move the visible part of the
worksheet without changing the active cell.
Using the arrow keys will move the visible part of the worksheet one row (or
column) at a time.

OVR - Over Type

You can press the Insert button when you are editing a cell to enter
"Overtype" mode.
This allows you to replace existing characters by typing over them.
Click the formula bar or double click a cell and press the Insert key to turn
aon Overwrite mode.
Usually any new characters you type are inserted between existing
characters.
With Overwrite mode turned on, new characters replace the existing
characters to the right of the insertion point.
The mode automatically switches off when you press Insert again or when
you press Enter or press one of the arrow keys.

END - End
Pressing the End button allows you to move to the end of the current region.
Press the End key and then press to move the selection to the edge of the
current region in that direction
This is equivalent to holding down the Ctrl key and pressing an arrow key.
This is automatically switched off once you press any of the arrow keys.
This appears in the same place on the status bar as the OVR.

FIX - Fixed Decimal

(Tools > Options)(Edit tab, "Fixed Decimal") is checked.
Allows you to add a fixed number of decimal places to any numeric entries in
the selection.
include a link from (tools > options) to corresponding page.
Excel places the decimal point in the location you specify in the Places box.
For example, when you turn on Fixed Decimal mode, specify two decimal
places and enter the number 123456 in a cell, the value 1234.56 appears in
the cell after you press Enter.
Existing cell entries are not affected unless they are edited.

AutoCalculate
When two or more cells are selected and at least one of them contains a
numerical value then the sum of the values is automatically displayed in the
status bar.
This allows you to obtain a temporary result from a function without having
to actually use a formula.
For more details about AutoCalculate please refer to the AutoCalculate page.

Calculate
If the word "Calculate" appears in the status bar then it means that more
iterations are needed to calculate all the formulas fully.
This will be displayed if:
0) Your calculation is set to manual and a formula has not calculated fully
1) Your workbooks contain circular references and the Iteration option is
switched on
2) You have set [Link] = true
3) You have hit one of Excels limits for tracking dependencies

For more details about calculation settings please refer to

the Calculation page.

Circular
If the word "Circular" appears in the status bar then one of the workbooks
currently open contains a circular reference.
The cell containing the circular reference is only displayed when the cell is on
the active worksheet.

For more details about circular references please refer to the Circular
References page.
Ready
If the word "Ready" appears in the bottom left corner of the status bar then
Excel is awaiting your next command.

Enter
If the word "Enter" appears in the status bar then it means that you are in
the process of entering data into a cell.

Edit
If the word "Edit" appears in the status bar then it means that you are in the
process of editing a cell.

Filter Mode
If the word "Filter Mode" appears in the status bar then it means that a list
(or table) on the active worksheet has been filtered.
For more details about filtering please refer to the AutoFilter page.

Point
If the word "Point" appears in the status bar then it means that you are in the
process of selecting a cell or range of cells as input for a formula
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When editing named ranges, Excel is generally in "Point" mode
You can also use the arrow keys with the Shift key to highlight a cell range.

Ever wanted to use the arrow keys in a box that is expecting a cell range.
You can so this by pressing F2
The default mode will be "Point" but pressing F2 will toggle to "Edit" mode
This allows you to move around the formula using the arrow keys.

Home Tab

Undo

Undo - (Added in 365). (Ctrl + Z). Button with Drop-Down. Allows you to
undo changes, even after you have saved the workbook, as long as you are
within the undo limits. By default Office saves the last 100 undoable actions.
If you can't undo an action, the Undo command changes to Can't Undo.
Redo - (Added in 365). (Ctrl + Y). Button with Drop-Down. Allows you to redo
several actions at the same time using the drop-down. The Redo button only
appears after you've undone an action.

Clipboard
You can display the Clipboard Task Pane by clicking on the dialog launcher in
the bottom right corner of this group.

Paste - Button with Drop-Down. The button will paste the current contents
from the clipboard. The drop-down contains the commands: Paste, Formulas
(removed in 2010), Paste Values, No Borders, Transpose, Paste Link,
Refreshable Web Query, Use Text Import Wizard, Paste Special and Paste as
Hyperlink. The As Picture extension includes: Copy as Picture, Paste as
Picture and Paste Picture Link. Exactly which commands are enabled will
depend on the type of object that has been copied.
Cut - (Ctrl + X). Cuts the current selection to the clipboard.
Copy - Button with Drop-Down. (Ctrl + C). Copies the current selection to the
clipboard. The drop-down contains the command Copy as Picture.
Format Painter - Copies the format from a cell (or range) allowing it to be
pasted elsewhere.

Font
You can display the "Format Cells" dialog box, Font tab, by clicking on the
dialog box launcher in the bottom right corner of this group.
Font - Drop-Down. Provides a list of all the available fonts (based on your
current printer selection).
Font Size - Drop-Down. Lets you adjust the character size (based on your
current printer selection).
Increase Font Size - Increases the font size of the current selection to the
next larger size in the Font Size box.
Decrease Font Size - Decreases the font size of the current selection to the
next smaller size in the Font Size box.
Bold - (Ctrl + B). Toggles bold on the current selection.
Italic - (Ctrl + I). Toggles italics on the current selection.
Underline - (Ctrl + U). Button with Drop-Down. The button toggles bold on
the current selection. The drop-down contains the commands: Underline and
Double Underline.
Borders - Button with Drop-Down. The button applies a border to the current
selection. The drop-down contains the commands: Bottom, Top, Left, Right,
No, All, Outside, Thick Box, Bottom Double, Thick Bottom, Top and Bottom,
Top and Thick Bottom, Top and Double Bottom, Draw Border, Draw Border
Grid, Erase Border, Line Color, Line Style and More Borders.
Fill Color - Button with Drop-Down. The button applies a colour to the
background of the current selection. The drop-down contains the commands:
Theme Colors, Standard Colors, No Fill and More Colors.
Font Color - Button with Drop-Down. The button changes the colour of the
font of the current selection. The drop-down contains the commands:
Automatic, Theme Colors, Standard Colors and More Colors.

Sensitivity
Sensitivity - (Added in 365). Drop-Down. This applies a sensitivity label to
the active workbook. The drop-down contains the commands: Unrestricted,
Restricted - External, Restricted - Internal and Secret, Show Bar and Help and
Feedback. This built-in labelling replaces the Azure Information Protection
Add-in/Client ([Link]/en-us/purview/sensitivity-labels-aip)

Alignment
You can display the "Format Cells" dialog box, Alignment tab, by clicking on
the dialog box launcher in the bottom right corner of this group.

Top Align - Align text to the top of the cell.

Middle Align - Align text to the center of the cell.
Bottom Align - Align text to the bottom of the cell.
Orientation - Drop-Down. Rotates the current selection to a diagonal angle
or a vertical angle. The drop-down contains the commands: Angle
Counterclockwise, Angle Clockwise, Vertical Text, Rotate Text Up, Rotate
Text Down and Format Cell Alignment.
Left to Right Text Direction - (Added in 365). Drop-Down. Set the text to
read from left to right. The drop-down contains the commands: Left-to-Right,
Right-to-Left and Context.
Wrap Text - Wraps the text so it is displayed on multiple lines.
Align Left - Aligns data to the left edge of the cell.
Center - Aligns data to the middle of the cell.
Align Right - Aligns data to the right edge of the cell.
Decrease Indent - (Ctrl + Alt + Shift + Tab). Decreases the indent by 1 or
removes the indent completely.
Increase Indent - (Ctrl + Alt + Tab). Increases the indent by 1.
Merge & Center - Button with Drop-Down. The button joins the selected
cells and centres the contents in the new cell. The drop-down contains the
commands: Merge & Center, Merge Across, Merge Cells and Unmerge Cells.
The Merge Across will only merge the cells in the same row. The Merge Cells
is the same as Merge and Center but with no change to the alignment.
Number
You can display the "Format Cells" dialog box, Number tab, by clicking on the
dialog box launcher in the bottom right corner of this group.

Number Format - Provides a list of all the available number formats. The
built-in number formats are: General, Number, Currency, Accounting, Short
Date, Long Date, Time, Percentage, Fraction, Scientific and Text.
Accounting Number Format - Button with Drop-Down. The button applies
your 'default' accounting number format to the current selection. The drop-
down contains the commands: English (UK), English (US), Euro and More
Accounting Formats.
Percent Style - (Ctrl + Shift + %). Applies the percent number format to the
current selection.
Comma Style - Applies the comma style number format to the current
selection.
Increase Decimal - Adds one decimal place to the current selection.
Decrease Decimal - Removes one decimal place from the current selection.

Styles

Conditional Formatting - Drop-Down. Provides access to conditional

formatting commands which can be used to apply cell formatting
automatically. The drop-down contains the commands: Highlight Cells Rules,
Top/Bottom Rules, Data Bars, Color Scales, Icon Sets, New Rule, Clear Rules
and Manage Rules.
Format as Table - Drop-Down. This applies a Table Style to the current
selection and defines it as a table. The drop-down contains the commands:
Light, Medium, Dark, New Table Style and New PivotTable Style. The New
Table Style displays the "New Table Style" dialog box. The New
PivotTableStyle displays the "New PivotTable Style" dialog box.
Cell Styles - Drop-Down. This applies a cell style to the current selection.
The drop-down contains the commands: Custom, Good Bad and Neutral,
Data and Model, Titles and Headings, Themed Cell Styles, Number Format,
New Cell Style and Merge Styles. The New Cell Style displays the "Style"
dialog box.

Cells

Insert - Button with Drop-Down. The button always inserts cells into the
current selection, shifting cells down. The drop-down contains the
commands: Insert Cells, Insert Sheet Rows and Insert Sheet Columns, Insert
Sheet.
Delete - Button with Drop-Down. The button always deletes the current
selection shifting cells up. The drop-down contains the commands: Delete
Cells, Delete Sheet Rows, Delete Sheet Columns and Delete Sheet.
Format - Drop-Down. Provides an assortment of useful commands that
apply to rows, columns and sheets. The drop-down contains the commands:
Row Height, AutoFit Row Height, Column Width, AutoFit Column Width,
Default Width, Hide & Unhide, Rename Sheet, Move or Copy Sheet, Tab
Color, Protect Sheet, Lock Cell and Format Cells. The Hide & Unhide
extension contains the commands: Hide Rows, Hide Columns, Hide Sheet,
Unhide Rows, Unhide Columns and Unhide Sheet.

Editing
AutoSum - Button with Drop-Down. Exactly the same command can be
found on the Formulas Tab.
Fill - Drop-Down. Lets you fill the selection in any direction and into any
range of adjacent cells. The drop-down contains the commands: Down, Right,
Up, Left, Across Worksheets, Series, Justify and Flash Fill (Added in 2013).
Clear - Drop-Down. Removes everything from the current selection or
remove particular items by expanding the drop-down. The drop-down
contains the commands: Clear All, Clear Formats, Clear Contents, Clear
Comments, Clear Hyperlinks (Added in 2010) and Remove Hyperlinks (Added
in 2010).
Sort & Filter - Drop-Down. Sorts the currently selected data or current
region into ascending or descending order and lets you add filters to reduce
the number of visible rows. The drop-down contains the commands: Sort A to
Z, Sort Z to A, Custom Sort, Filter, Clear and Reapply.
Find & Select - Drop-Down. The drop-down contains the commands: Find,
Replace, GoTo, GoTo Special, Formulas, Comments, Conditional Formatting,
Constants, Data Validation, Select Objects and Selection Pane.

Analysis

Analyze Data - (Added in 2019). Displays the Analyze Data Task Pane to
give you insightful analysis about your data. This was previously called Ideas.

Insert Tab
Tables

PivotTable - Button with Drop-Down. Displays the "PivotTable from table or

range" dialog box. The drop-down contained the commands: PivotTable and
PivotChart. The PivotTable displayed the "Create PivotTable" dialog box and
the PivotChart displayed the "Create PivotTable and PivotChart" dialog box.
Recommended PivotTables - Displays the "Recommended PivotTables"
dialog box. This shows a list of customised pivot tables that are best for your
data. If there are no recommendations then a blank pivot table is created.
Table - (Ctrl + T). Displays the "Create Table" dialog box. When you define
your data as a table it makes it easier to sort, filter and apply formatting.

Illustrations

Pictures - (Changed in 365). Drop-Down. The drop-down contains the

commands: This Device, Stock Images and Online Pictures. This Device
displays the "Insert Picture" dialog box allowing you to browse to a file. Stock
Images displays the Stock Image library dialog box. Online Pictures allows to
you to browse images online.
Shapes - Drop-Down. The drop-down contains the commands: Recently
Used Shapes, Lines, Rectangles, Basic Shapes, Block Arrows, Equation
Shapes, Flowchart, Stars and Banners and Callouts.
Icons - Displays the "Insert Icons" dialog box. Insert an icon to visually
communicate using symbols.
3D Models - Drop-Down. Insert a 3D model so you can rotate it and see it
from all angles. The drop-down contains the commands: From a File and
From Online Sources.
SmartArt - Displays the "Choose a SmartArt Graphic" dialog box which lets
you choose from the following different types of smartart: List, Process,
Cycle, Hierarchy, Relationship, Matrix, Pyramid, Picture and [Link].
Screenshot - Drop-Down. The drop-down contains the commands: Available
Windows and Screen Clipping. (Added in 2010).
Online Pictures - (Removed in 2021). Moved to the Pictures drop-down.

Add-ins

Get Add-ins - Displays the Office Add-ins window allowing you to see all the
add-ins in the Office store.
My Add-ins - Button with Drop-Down. Displays the Office Add-ins window
showing you all the add-ins you have currently installed.
Visio Data Visualizer Add-in - (Added in 365). An add-in can quickly
create Visio flowcharts and organisation charts from your Excel data. This
uses Office (Visio) Online to create the visualization.
Bing Maps Add-in - (Added in 365). This add-in can make it easy to plot
locations and visualize your data using Bing Maps.
People Graph Add-in - (Added in 365). This add-in can transform data into
an interesting picture.

Charts
You can quickly display the "Insert Chart" dialog box by selecting your data
and clicking on the dialog box launcher in the bottom right corner of the
group. If a chart is active the "Change Chart Type" dialog is displayed.
Recommended Charts - Displays the "Insert Chart" dialog box
(Recommended Charts tab).
Column or Bar - Drop-Down. The drop-down contains the commands: 2-D
Column, 3-D Column, 2-D Bar, 3-D Bar and More Column Charts.
Line or Area - Drop-Down. The drop-down contains the commands: 2-D
Line, 3-D Line, 2-D Area, 3-D Area and More Line Charts.
Pie or Doughnut - Drop-Down. The drop-down contains the commands: 2-D
Pie, 3-D Pie, Doughnut and More Pie Charts.
Hierarchy - Drop-Down. The drop-down contains the commands: Treemap,
Sunburst and More Hierarchy Charts.
Statistic - Drop-Down. The drop-down contains the commands: Histogram,
Box and Whisker and More Statistical Charts.
Scatter XY or Bubble - Drop-Down. The drop-down contains the
commands: Scatter, Bubble and More Scatter Charts.
Waterfall, Funnel, Stock, Surface or Radar - This drop-down contains
the commands: Waterfall, Funnel, Stock, Surface, Radar and More Stock
Charts.
Combo - Drop-Down. Use a combo chart when the range of values in the
chart varies widely or you have mixed types of data. The drop-down contains
the commands: Clustered Column-Line, Clustered Column-Line (secondary
axis), Stacked Area Clustered Column or Create Custom Combo Chart.
Maps - Drop-Down. The drop-down contains the commands: Filled Map and
More Map Options.
PivotChart - Button with Drop-Down. The button displays the "Create
PivotChart" dialog box. The drop-down contains the commands: PivotChart
and PivotChart and PivotTable.

Tours
3D Map - Button with Drop-Down. The button displays the "Power Maps for
Excel" window. The drop-down contans the commands: Launch Power Map
and Add Selected Data to PowerMap. Allows you to create data visualisations
in your workbooks. You must enable the Data Analysis add-ins to use this
feature.
In Excel 2013 this functionality was made available by installing the Power
Map add-in.

Reports
In Excel 2016 this group was removed.
In Excel 2013 this group is only displayed if you have the Power View add-in
loaded.

Sparklines

Line - Displays the "Create Sparklines" dialog box which lets you insert a line
chart within a single cell.
Column - Displays the "Create Sparklines" dialog box which lets you insert a
column chart within a single cell.
Win/Loss - Displays the "Create Sparklines" dialog box which lets you insert
a win/loss chart within a single cell.
Filters

Slicer - Filter dates in your Tables. Exactly the same command can be found
on the Table Tools - Design Tab.
Timeline - Filter dates in your tables, pivot tables and pivot charts.

Links

Link - Button with Drop-Down. (Ctrl + K). Displays the "Insert Hyperlink"
dialog box. The drop-down contains a list of recent items. Previously called
Hyperlink.

Comments
Comment - Insert a note into the active cell.

Text

Text Box - Inserts a textbox that can be positioned anywhere on the page.
Header & Footer - Switches to Page Layout view and automatically puts
your cursor in the header box. This will then display the "Header & Footer
Tools - Design" contextual tab. To exit just click out of the header or footer.
WordArt - Drop-Down. Gives you a choice of Word Art styles to insert. The
drop-down contains a gallery of different styles.
Signature Line - Button with Drop-Down. The button inserts a signature line
that specifies the individual who must sign. The drop-down displays the
commands: Microsoft Office Signature Line and Add Signature Services.
Object - Displays the "Object" dialog box allowing you to insert embedded
objects.

Symbols
Equation - Drop-Down. The drop-down contains the commands: Area of
Circle, Binomial Theorem, Expansion of a Sum, Fourier Series and Insert New
Equation.
Symbol - Displays the "Symbol" dialog box.

Draw Tab
This tab is only available if you have a Microsoft 365 subscription.

Drawing Tools

Select Objects - Select ink, shapes and text areas. Useful when working
with objects that are behind the text.
Lasso Select - This has been moved to the first icon in the Pens Gallery.
Select by drawing a shape. Everything inside the shape will be selected.
Eraser - Lets you erase your ink annotations.
Pen 1 - Clicking on a pen allows you change the colour and the thickness.
Pen 2 - Clicking on a pen allows you change the colour and the thickness.
Highligher - A thicker pen that can be used for highlighting.

Convert
Ink To Shape - Lets you convert your annotated shapes to drawing shapes.
Ink To Math - Lets you quickly write out complex maths equations and have
them converted to text. You can also insert an ink equation in Word, Excel,
or PowerPoint by going to Insert > Equation > Ink Equation.

Replay

Ink Replay - Shows you order in which the ink was drawn allowing you to
pause and replay.

Page Layout Tab

Themes
Themes - Drop-Down. Changes the overall look and feel of your workbook
including colours, fonts and effects. The drop-down contains the commands:
Built-in, More Themes on Microsoft Office Articles (Removed in 2010), Browse
for Themes and Save Current Theme. The built-in themes are: Office, Facet,
Integral, Ion, Boardroom, Organic, Retrospect, Slice, Wisp, Berlin and Frame.
Tooltip indicates the current theme. The default theme is "Office".
Colors - Drop-Down. Displays a list of all the available colours and lets you
change the colour component of the active theme. The drop-down contains
the commands: Built-in and Customize Colors.
Fonts - Drop-Down. Displays a list of all the available fonts and lets you
change the font component of the active theme. The drop-down contains the
commands: Built-in and Customize Fonts.
Effects - Drop-Down. Displays a list of all the available effects and lets you
change the effect component of the active theme. The drop-down contains
the commands: Office, Office 2007-2010, Subtle Solids, Banded Edges,
Smokey Glass, Glow Edge, Grunge Texture, Frosted Glass, Top Shadow,
Inset, Milk Glass, Riblet, Reflection, Extreme Shadow, Glossy.

Page Setup
You can quickly display the "Page Setup" dialog box, Page tab, by clicking on
the launcher in the bottom right corner of this group.

Margins - Drop-Down. Lets you choose from one of your built-in margin
settings or lets you customise your own. The drop-down contains the
commands: Normal, Wide, Narrow and Custom Margins. The Custom Margins
displays the "Page Setup" dialog box, Margins tab.
Orientation - Drop-Down. Lets you switch between Portrait and Landscape.
Size - Drop-Down. Lets you select from all the different available paper sizes.
The More Paper Sizes displays the "Page Setup" dialog box, Page tab.
Print Area - Drop-Down. This drop-down contains the commands: Set Print
Area and Clear Print Area.
Breaks - Drop-Down. This drop-down contains the commands: Insert Page
Break, Remove Page Break and Reset All Page Breaks.
Background - Displays the "Sheet Background" dialog box to let you add a
background image to the back of a worksheet. This caption changes to
'Delete Background' if an image is assigned to the active worksheet.
Print Titles - Displays the "Page Setup" dialog box, Sheet tab. This allows
you to enter rows or columns to repeat.

Scale to Fit
You can quickly display the "Page Setup" dialog box, Page tab, by clicking on
the launcher in the bottom right corner of this group.

Width - Choice of 1 to 9 pages. The combo box contains Automatic, 1 to 9

pages and More Pages. The More Pages displays the "Page Setup" dialog
box, Page tab. Provides a shortcut to (Page Setup)(Page tab, Scaling).
Height - Choice of 1 to 9 pages. The combo box contains Automatic, 1 to 9
pages and More Pages. The More Pages displays the "Page Setup" dialog
box, Page tab. Provides a shortcut to (Page Setup)(Page tab, Scaling).
Scale - Changes the page scale in increments of 5%. Provides a shortcut to
the (Page Setup)(Page tab, Scaling).

Sheet Options
You can quickly display the "Page Setup" dialog box, Sheet tab, by clicking
on the launcher in the bottom right corner of this group.
Sheet Right to Left - (Added in 365). Switch the sheet direction to the first
column is on the right hand side.
Gridlines View - Toggles the display of gridlines on the active worksheet.
Provides a shortcut to (Page Setup)(Sheet tab, "Gridlines").
Gridlines Print - Toggles whether the gridlines are printed. Provides a
shortcut to (Excel Options)(Advanced tab, "Show gridlines").
Headings View - Toggles the displays of row and column headers on the
active worksheet. Provides a shortcut to (Excel Options)(Advanced tab,
"Show row and column headers").
Headings Print - Toggles whether the row and column headers are printed.
Provides a shortcut to (Page Setup)(Sheet tab, "Row and column headings").

Arrange

This whole group also appears on the Drawing Tools - Format Tab, Picture
Tools - Format Tab.
Bring Forward - Button with Drop-Down. The button brings the selected
object forward one level. The drop-down contains the commands: Bring to
Front and Bring Forward. Bring to Front will bring the selected object in front
of all the other objects.
Send Backward - Button with Drop-Down. The button brings the selected
object back one level. The drop-down contains the commands: Send to Back
and Send Backward. Send to Back will send the selected object to the back
of all the other objects.
Selection Pane - Drop-Down. Displays the Selection Task Pane.
Align - Drop-Down. This drop-down contains the commands: Align Left, Align
Center, Align Right, Align Top, Align Middle, Align Bottom, Distribute
Horizontally, Distribute Vertically, Snap to Grid, Snap to Shape, View
Gridlines.
Align (Word extras) Align to Page, Align to Margin, Align Selected Objects,
View Gridlines and Grid Settings.
Align (PowerPoint extras) Align to Slide, Align Selected Objects, View
Gridlines and View Settings.
Group - Drop-Down. This drop-down contains the commands: Group,
Regroup and Ungroup.
Rotate - Rotate or flip the selected object. Drop-Down. This drop-down
contains the commands: Rotate Right 90, Rotate Left 90, Flip Vertical, Flip
Horizontal and More Rotation Options.

Formulas Tab

Function Library

Insert Function - (Shift + F3). Drop-Down. Displays the "Insert Function"

dialog box allowing you to search for a particular function or display the list
of functions by category.
AutoSum - Button with Drop-Down. The button inserts the Sum formula into
the cell calculating the sum of the cells directly above. The drop-down
contains the commands: Sum. Average, Count Numbers, Max, Min or More
Functions. Exactly the same command can be found on the Home Tab.
Recently Used - Drop-Down. Provides quick access to the 10 functions you
recently used.
Financial - Drop-Down. Provides quick access to all the functions in
the Financial category.
Logical - Drop-Down. Provides quick access to all the functions in
the Logical category.
Text - Drop-Down. Provides quick access to all the functions in
the Text category.
Date & Time - Drop-Down. Provides quick access to all the functions in
the Date & Time category
Lookup & Reference - Drop-Down. Provides quick access to all the
functions in the Lookup & Reference category.
Math & Trig - Drop-Down. Provides quick access to all the functions in
the Maths & Trigonometry category.
More Functions - Drop-Down. Displays a drop-down providing access to
the Statistical, Engineering, Cube, Information, Compatibility and Web catego
ries.

Defined Names

Name Manager - Displays the Name Manager dialog box.

Define Name - Button with Drop-Down. The button displays the "New
Name" dialog box . The drop-down contains the commands: Define Names
and Apply Names. The Define Names allows you to create workbook and
worksheet level named ranges and displays the "New Name" dialog box. The
Apply Names displays the "Apply Names" dialog box.
Use in Formula - Drop-Down. The drop-down contains a list of all the
named ranges in the workbook (25 with scrolling) and Paste Names. The
Paste Names command displays the "Paste Name" dialog box.
Create from Selection - Displays the "Create Names from selection" dialog
box. This enables you to name a selected range of cells using a row or
column title that you've entered.

Formula Auditing
Trace Precedents - Displays arrows that indicate what cells affect the value
of the currently selected cell.
Trace Dependents - Displays arrows that indicate what cells are affected
by the value in the currently selected cell.
Remove Arrows - Button with Drop-Down. The button removes all the
arrows drawn by the trace precedents and trace dependents. The drop-down
contains the commands: Remove Arrows, Remove Precendent Arrows and
Remove Dependent Arrows.
Show Formulas - (Ctrl + '). Toggles the display of the formulas rather than
the result.
Error Checking - Button with Drop-Down. The button displays the "Error
Checking" dialog box. The drop-down contains the commands: Error
Checking, Trace Error and Circular References. The Circular References
extension will only be enabled when the active workbook contains at least
one circular reference.
Evaluate Formula - Displays the "Evaluate Formula" dialog box. This allows
you to step through a formula calculation.
Watch Window - Displays the Watch Window. Allows you to view the
contents of cells and their results as you make changes.

Calculation

Calculation Options - Drop-Down. The drop-down lets you quickly change

the calculation setting in the active workbook between Manual, Automatic
and Automatic except for Data Tables. This setting is in fact an application
setting. For more information please refer to the Calculation page.
Calculate Now - (F9). Provides a shortcut to the (Excel Options)(Calculation
tab, "Calc Now"). This option no longer appears on the Excel Options dialog
box.
Calculate Sheet - (Shift + F9). Provides a shortcut to the (Excel Options)
(Calculation tab, "Calc Sheet"). This option no longer appears on the Excel
Options dialog box.

Solutions
This group is only displayed if you have the Euro Currency Tools add-in
loaded.

Euro Conversion - Launch the Euro Conversion Wizard.

Euro Formatting - Apply Euro formatting to the selected cells.
Quick Conversion - Perform quick conversions.

Data Tab

Get & Transform Data

Get Data - Drop-Down. Discover, connect and combine data from multiple
sources. The drop-down includes the commands: From File, From Database,
From Azure, From Online Services (New), From Other Sources, Combine
Queries, Launch Query Editor (New), Data Source Settings and Query
Options. more
From Text/CSV - Import data from a text, comma-separated value or
formatted text (space delimited) file.
From Web - Import data from a web page.
From Table/Range - Create a new query linked to the selected table. If the
selected range is not part of a table, it will be converted into a table.
Recent Sources - Manage and connect to recent sources.
Existing Connections - Import data from common sources.

Queries & Connections

Refresh All - (Ctrl + Alt + F5). Button with Drop-Down. The button updates
all the information in the active workbook coming in from external sources.
The drop down includes the commands: Refresh, Refresh Status, Cancel
Refresh and Connection Properties.
Queries & Connections - Displays the "Workbook Connections" dialog box.
Data connections are links to data sources outside of this workbook.
Properties - This is only enabled when you select a cell that has been
populated using an external connection.
Edit Links - Displays the "Edit Links" dialog box.

Data Types
These are called Linked Data Types because they have a connection to an
online data source that allows you to refresh the information.
Stocks - (Added in 365). Converts the selected cells into a Stocks data type
to easily retrieve financial information such as tickers, prices and other
general company information. more
Currencies - (Added in 365). Converts cells with currency pairs separated by
"/" or ":" such as "USD/EUR" into a Currency data type to get currency
conversion rates.
Geography - (Added in 365). Converts the selected cells into a Geography
data type to easily retrieve information on countries, regions, cities and
populations. more

Sort & Filter

Sort A to Z - Sorts data alphabetically from A-Z and numerically from the
lowest number to the highest.
Sort Z to A - Sorts data alphabetically from Z-A and numerically from the
highest number to the lowest.
Sort - Displays the "Sort" dialog box.
Filter - Toggles filtering on the current selection.
Clear - Clears the filter and sort for the current selection.
Reapply - (Ctrl + Alt + L). Reapplies the filter and sort to the current
selection.
Advanced - Displays the "Advanced Filter" dialog box. more

Data Tools
Text to Columns - Displays the "Convert Text to Columns Wizard" dialog
box.
Flash Fill - Automatically fills in values. more
Remove Duplicates - Displays the "Remove Duplicates" dialog box. more
Data Validation - Button with Drop-Down. The button displays the "Data
Validation" dialog box. The drop-down includes the commands: Circle Invalid
Data and Clear Validation Circles. more
Consolidate - Displays the "Consolidate" dialog box. more
Relationships - Allows you to create or edit relationships between tables to
show related data from different tables on the same report.
Manage Data Model - Opens the Power Pivot window. You must enable the
Data Analysis add-ins to enable this feature. more

Forecast

What-If Analysis - Drop-Down. The drop-down contains the commands:

Scenario Manager, Goal Seek and Data Table.
Forecast Sheet - Displays the "Create Forecast Worksheet" dialog box that
lets you forecast your timeline data. more

Outline
You can quickly display the "Settings" dialog box, by clicking on the dialog
box launcher in the bottom right corner of this group.
Group - Button with Drop-Down. The button lets you group a selection of
rows and columns. The drop-down also contains the commands: Group and
Auto Outline. The Auto Outline command creates an automatic outline from
the current region.
Ungroup - Button with Drop-Down. The button lets you remove the outlines
from the current rows and columns. The drop-down contains the commands:
Ungroup and Clear Outline. The Clear Outline command clears all the levels
of outline.
Subtotal - Automatically insert subtotals for the selected rows.
Show Detail - Expand a collapsed group of cells.
Hide Detail - Collapse a group of cells.

Analysis
This group will be only be displayed if you have either the Analysis-
ToolPak add-in or the Solver add-in loaded.

Data Analysis - This is only displayed if you have the Analysis-ToolPak add-
in loaded. Displays the "Data Analysis" dialog box.
Solver - This is only displayed if you have the Solver add-in loaded. Displays
the "Solver Parameters" dialog box.

Review Tab
Proofing

Spelling - (F7). Displays the "Spelling" dialog box. Allows you to check the
spelling on the active worksheet.
Thesaurus - Toggles the display of the Research task pane defaulting the
research service to the thesaurus.
Workbook Statistics - (Added in 365). Displays a dialog box giving you the
total number of different items in the active workbook.

Accessibility

Check Accessibility - Displays the Accessibility Checker Task Pane. This

identifies any aspects of your workbook that could be altered to assist people
with disabilities.

Insights
Smart Lookup - Displays the Smart Lookup Task Pane. This is powered by
Bing and provides wiki articles and top related searches from the web.

Language

Translate - Toggles the display of the Research task pane defaulting the
research service to the translation.

Comments

New Comment / Edit Comment - (Shift + F2). Inserts a comment at the

active cell.
Delete - Deletes the selected comment.
Previous Comment - Moves to the previous comment in the active
workbook.
Next Comment - Moves to the next comment in the active workbook.
Show Comments - Toggles the display of the Comments task pane.
Show/Hide Comment - (Removed in 2019). Toggles the display of the
comment in the active cell.
Show All Comments - (Removed in 2019). Toggles the display of
comments in the active workbook (all worksheets).
Show Ink - (Removed in 2019). Show or hide ink in the active workbook.
This is tablet specific.
Notes

Notes - (Added in 2019). Drop-Down. The drop-down contains the

commands: New Note, Previous Note, Next Note, Show/Hide Note, Show All
Notes and Convert to Comments.

Protect

Protect Sheet - Displays the "Protect Sheet" dialog box.

Protect Workbook - The drop-down displays the following commands:
Protect Structure and Windows as well other Restrict Permission options.
These can only be used if you have IRM [link] installed.
Allow Edit Ranges - Allows specific users to edit certain ranges in a
workbook or sheet. Before using this option you need to define your security
settings using the Protect Sheet command. This command is disabled when
the worksheet is protected.
Unshare Workbook - This is disabled by default. If you open a workbook
that is currently being shared using the legacy "Share Workbook" feature
this button will become enabled, allowing you to unshare the workbook.
Shared workbooks have been replaced with Co-Authoring. Press the 'Share'
button in the top right corner to display the Share Task Pane. Workbooks
must be saved to an online location.
Ink

Hide Ink - Drop-Down. The drop-down contains the commands: Hide Ink,
Delete All Ink on Sheet and Delete All Ink on Workbook.

View Tab
The commands for hiding and showing worksheets are on the Home
Tab under (Cells Group, Format > Unhide).
The commands for hiding and showing workbooks (and windows) can be
found on this tab.

Sheet View
Lets you create different views of the same worksheet when you are
collaborating with others.
Only enabled in Excel online or on the Desktop when your workbook has
been saved in OneDrive.

Switch Sheet View - A drop-down list of all the different sheet views in this
workbook for easy switching.
Keep - Saves the current view as a new sheet view.
Exit - Closes the current sheet view and returns back to the default view.
New - Lets you define a new sheet view. New views are given the name
"Temporary View" until they have been saved.
Options - This will only be enabled when. Displays the "Sheet View Options"
dialog box which allows you to rename, duplicate and delete as well as
quickly switching between different views.

Workbook Views

Normal - Displays the worksheet in the normal view. There is also a shortcut
to this view in the bottom right corner of the status bar.
Page Break Preview - Used for adjusting page breaks. There is also a
shortcut to this view in the bottom right corner of the status bar.
Page Layout - Displays the worksheet as it will appear on a printed page.
Displays a very useful horizontal and vertical ruler plus you can add/change
headers and footers, check margins, row/column headings and scaling
options. Not to be confused with Print Preview. There is also a shortcut to this
view in the bottom right corner of the status bar.
Custom Views - Displays the "Custom Views" dialog box.

Show

Ruler - This will only be enabled when in Page Layout view. Toggles the
display of the horizontal and vertical rulers. This is only available when you
are in Page Layout view. You can change the units displayed from the (Excel
Options, Advanced tab)(Display, Ruler Units). By default the ruler displays
the default units that are specified in the control panel, regional settings.
These units can be either inches, centimeters or millimeters.
Gridlines - Toggles the display of gridlines on the active worksheet. Provides
a shortcut to (Excel Options, Advanced tab)(Display options for this
worksheet, show gridlines).
Formula Bar - Toggles the display of the formula bar. Provides a shortcut to
(Excel Options)(Advanced tab, Show formula bar).
Headings - Toggles the display of the heading rows. Provides a shortcut to
(Excel Options)(Advanced tab, Show row and column headers).

Zoom

Zoom - Displays the "Zoom" dialog box.

100% - Zoom the workbook to 100% of its normal size.
Zoom to Selection - Zoom the worksheet to display just the currently
selected cells.

Window

New Window - Creates a new window of your current workbook.

Arrange All - Tile all open windows side by side on the screen.
Freeze Panes - Drop-Down. The drop-down contains the commands: Freeze
Panes, Freeze Top Row and Freeze First Column.
Split - Splits the window into multiple resizeable panes which allow you to
have multiple views of the same workbook.
Hide - Hides the current workbook or window.
Unhide - Displays the "Unhide" dialog box allowing you to unhide a
workbook or window.
View Side by Side - View two workbooks side by side to allow you to
compare their contents.
Synchronous Scrolling - Synchronize the scrolling of two windows so they
scroll together. The View Side by Side option must be switched on for this
command to be enabled.
Reset Window Position - Reset the window position of the two windows
being compared so that they share the screen equally. The View Side by Side
option must be switched on for this command to be enabled.
Switch Windows - Drop-Down. The drop-down contains a list of all the
workbooks/windows that are currently open.

Macros

Macros - Button with Drop-Down. The button is a shortcut to View Macros

which displays the "Macro" dialog box displaying all the available macros.
The drop-down contains the commands: View Macros, Record Macro and Use
Relative References.

Developer Tab
This tab will not be displayed by default but is very useful when working with
macros, add-ins and worksheet controls.
To display this tab select (File > Options) and choose "Customize Ribbon".
All the built-in tabs will be displayed on the right hand side. Find Developer
and tick it.
Press OK and the Developer tab will be displayed after the View tab.

Code
Visual Basic - (Alt + F11). Opens the Visual Basic Editor allowing you to
create and edit VBA macros.
Macros - (Alt + F8). Displays the "Macro" dialog box allowing you to run, edit
and delete macros.
Record Macro - Records a macro. There is also a shortcut to this in the
bottom left of the application window. This changes into "Stop Recording"
while a macro is being recorded.
Use Relative References - Toggles the recording of relative references.
Using relative references allows you to record actions relative to the initial
starting cell.
Macro Security - Displays the Macro Settings tab of the "Trust Center"
dialog box.

Add-Ins

Add-Ins - (Added in 2016). Displays the "Office Add-Ins" dialog box where
you can manage your add-ins and browse the Store.
Excel Add-Ins - Displays the "Add-Ins" dialog box.
COM Add-Ins - Displays the "COM Add-Ins" dialog box.

Controls
Insert - Drop-Down. This drop-down contains the Form Controls and the
ActiveX Controls. (Forms toolbar and Control Toolbox Toolbar).
Design Mode - Toggles between Design mode and Run mode, allowing you
to resize and edit controls.
Properties - Displays the "Properties" window from the Visual Basic Editor.
View Code - Opens the Visual Basic Editor allowing you to see the code
behind a macro or control.
Run Dialog - (Redundant). Displays the dialog box when an MS Excel 5.0
Dialog is the active worksheet.

XML

Source - Opens the XML Source Task Pane allowing you to manage XML
Maps.
Map Properties - Lets you view or modify XML Map properties.
Expansion Packs - Displays the "XML Expansion Packs" dialog box letting
you attach an expansion pack to a workbook.
Refresh Data - Refresh the XML Data in the workbook.
Import - Displays the "Import XML" dialog box allowing you to insert the
contents of an XML file onto a worksheet.
Export - Lets you export data to an XML file. Your workbook must have an
exportable XML map attached/associated with it.

Modify
In Excel 2016 this whole group was removed.

Document Panel - (Removed in 2016). Displays the "Document Information

Panel" dialog box. Lets you use InfoPath templates that work across the
whole of Office, including SharePoint.

Help Tab
This built-in tab was added in Excel 2019 and provides quick access to
the Help Task Pane and some useful website links.

Help & Support

Help - Displays the Help task pane displaying the home page. This can also
be displayed by pressing F1.
Contact Support - Displays the Help task pane allowing you to request
help.
Feedback - Displays the Feedback tab from the File tab.
Show Training - Displays the Help task pane. This displays training videos.
What's New - Displays the What's New task pane. See the most recently
installed updates. This can also be accessed from the File tab, Account.

Community
Community - Opens a browser displays the Excel home page.
Excel Blog - Opens a browser displaying the Excel blog.

History
This tab was first introduced as an optional Excel 2007 Add-in which was
then removed in Excel 2010.

Task Panes
The Task Pane is a rectangular window that appears docked on the right side
of your Excel window.
It acts as an open menu allowing you to select from a range of commands
and functions.
It displays a list of links and commands allowing you to perfrom different
tasks depending on what you are doing at the time.
The task pane is designed to help you complete tasks quickly and will
change automatically according to the task in hand.

Tell Me Search Box

This is also known as the Microsoft Search Box.
In Excel 2016 there is a "Tell me what you want to do" box.
This is a text field where you can enter words and phrases about what you
want to do next and quickly get to features you want to use or actions you
want to perform.
This is a search box that lets you find relevant commands and also ask
questions.
If you are using Excel 365 this box might just say Search, but the
functionality is identical.
link - [Link]/en-us/office/do-things-quickly-with-tell-me-
f20d2198-17b8-4b09-a3e5-007a337f1e4e

Provides a drop-down list of possible commands

The items are real commands with direct access to the ribbon commands
It lets you use descriptive words to find your commands
It wont tell you where to find the commands on the existing ribbon tabs
You don't have to use complete words
Instant results as soon as you type
It shows you the last 5 commands executed following a search
Context Sensitive
Displays all results and has them greyed out if they cannot be applied in the
current context
Shortcut key (Ctrl + ')

Excel Options
There is an option "Collapse the microsoft search box by default" if you do
not want to see the text box.

Contextual Tabs
Also known as Tool Tabs, these are additional tabs that will appear when you
are working with specific objects.
These tabs provide all the necessary commands to manipulate, edit and
format that particular object.
When visible these tabs work exactly the same as the other tabs and you can
easily switch between them.
When the object is de-selected the tab will automatically disappear.

SmartArt Tools - Design (TabSmartArtToolsDesign)

SmartArt Tools - Format (TabSmartArtToolsFormat)

Chart Tools - Design (TabChartToolsDesign)

Chart Tools - Format (TabChartToolsFormat)

Drawing Tools - Format (TabDrawingToolsFormat)

Picture Tools - Format (TabPictureToolsFormat)

Pivot Table Tools - Analyze (TabPivotTableToolsAnalyze)

Pivot Table Tools - Design (TabPivotTableToolsDesign)

Header & Footer Tools - Design (TabHeaderAndFooterToolsDesign)

Table Tools - Design (TabTableToolsDesignExcel)

Pivot Chart Tools - Analyze (TabPivotChartToolsAnalyze)

Pivot Chart Tools - Design (TabPivotChartToolsDesign)

Pivot Chart Tools - Format (TabPivotChartToolsFormat)

Ink Tools - Pens (Removed 2016) Replaced with the Draw Tab (TabInkToo

Sparkline Tools - Design (Added in 2010)

Timeline Tools

Slicer Tools - Options (Added in 2010)

Search Tools

Query Tools

Equation Tools - Design

Customize Ribbon Dialog Box

All these tabs can be seen and customised from the Customize Ribbon dialog
box.
Tabs Removed in 2013

Chart Tools - Layout (TabChartToolsLayout)

Pivot Chart Tools - Layout (TabPivotChartToolsLayout)

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Quick Access Toolbar

This is a customizable toolbar which can be used to contain your most
frequently used commands.
This toolbar is independent of the tabs and is accessible from any tab.
This toolbar is often abbreviated to QAT.
By default the toolbar displays three commands: Save, Undo and Repeat.

What is the Customize Quick Access Toolbar

menu ?
At the far right of this toolbar is a small black arrow.
Clicking on this arrow will display the "Customize Quick Access Toolbar"
menu
Above or Below the Ribbon ?
There are only two places you can put this toolbar, either above or below the
ribbon.
You have the option of displaying it above or below the Ribbon.
The default position is above the ribbon.
If you would prefer your quick access toolbar below the ribbon.
Display the Customise Quick Access Toolbar menu and select "Show Below
the Ribbon".
or right click on any command and select "Show Quick Access Toolbar Below
the Ribbon".

or from the Options dialog box by selecting (File > Options)(Quick Access
Toolbar, "Show Quick Access Toolbar below the Ribbon".
If you put this toolbar above the ribbon then you can see more worksheet.
If you put this toolbar below the ribbon then it is more accessible.

[Link] and [Link]

Excel 365 - C:\Users\"username"\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Office\
[Link]
Excel 2021 - C:\Users\"username"\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Office\
[Link]
Excel 2019 - C:\Users\"username"\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Office\
[Link]
Excel 2016 - C:\Users\"username"\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Office\
[Link]

Important
There is no more quick drag and drop with the Alt key
You cannot display the Quick Access Toolbar on multiple lines.
You cannot increase the size of the buttons representing the commands by
an option in Microsoft Office. The only way to increase the size of the buttons
is to lower the screen resolution you use.

Mini Toolbar
The mini toolbar is a context toolbar that is often displayed when you use the
right mouse button.
It provides access to some of the most common formatting commands and is
displayed above the shortcut drop-down menu.
An example of a mini toolbar can been seen by selecting any cell and
clicking the right mouse button.

If you move your mouse towards the Mini Toolbar it solidifies and becomes
active.
If you move your mouse away from the Mini Toolbar then it disappears.
If you use the scroll wheel or press any key then the toolbar automatically
disappears.

Displaying the Mini Toolbar

A mini toolbar is displayed in addition to the following shortcut menus:
Cell Shortcut Menus
Row Shortcut Menu
Column Shortcut Menu
Formula Editing Shortcut Menu

Removing the Mini Toolbar

If you feel that the Mini Toolbar just keeps getting in the way you can switch
it off
(File > Options)(General tab, "Show mini toolbar on selection")

If that doesn't work you can always resort to changing the registry key
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Office\12.0\Common\Toolbars\
Excel
The entry may not have been created if you have not changed the option
using the interface first though.

Mini Toolbar Commands

Font - Drop-Down. Provides a list of all the available fonts.
Font Size - Drop-Down. Lets you adjust the character size.
Increase Font Size - Increases the font size of the current selection to the
next larger size in the Font Size box.
Decrease Font Size - Decreases the font size of the current selection to the
next smaller size in the Font Size box.
Accounting Number Format - Button with Drop-Down. The button applies
your 'default' accounting number format to the current selection. The drop-
down contains the commands: English (UK), English (US), Euro and More
Accounting Formats.
Percent Style - (Ctrl + Shift + %). Applies the percent number format to the
current selection.
Comma Style - Applies the comma style number format to the current
selection.
Merge & Center - Button with Drop-Down. The button joins the selected
cells and centres the contents in the new cell. The drop-down contains the
commands: Merge & Center, Merge Across, Merge Cells and Unmerge Cells.
The Merge Across will only merge the cells in the same row. The Merge Cells
is the same as Merge and Center but with no change to the alignment.
Bold - (Ctrl + B). Toggles bold on the current selection.
Italic - (Ctrl + I). Toggles italics on the current selection.
Center - Aligns data in the middle of the cell.
Fill Color - Button with Drop-Down. The button applies a colour to the
background of the current selection. The drop-down contains the commands:
Theme Colors, Standard Colors, No Fill and More Colors.
Font Color - Button with Drop-Down. The button changes the colour of the
font of the current selection. The drop-down contains the commands:
Automatic, Theme Colors, Standard Colors and More Colors.
Borders - Button with Drop-Down. The button applies a border to the current
selection. The drop-down contains the commands: Bottom, Top, Left, Right,
No, All, Outside, Thick Box, Bottom Double, Thick Bottom, Top and Bottom,
Top and Thick Bottom, Top and Double Bottom, Draw Border, Draw Border
Grid, Erase Border, Line Color, Line Style and More Borders.
Increase Decimal - Adds one decimal place to the current selection.
Decrease Decimal - Removes one decimal place from the current selection.
Format Painter - Copies the format from a cell (or range) allowing it to be
pasted elsewhere.
All of these commands can be found on the Home tab