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5 Newton-Raphson Method

The document explains the Newton-Raphson method for finding roots of functions by using tangent lines. It provides two examples: finding the roots of the function f(x) = x^3 - 2x - 5 with an initial guess of x0 = 2, and finding the roots of f(x) = x sin(x) + cos(x) with the same initial guess. Each example includes iterations showing the values of xi, xi+1, and the approximate error percentage.

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Mohit Uzzaman
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5 views3 pages

5 Newton-Raphson Method

The document explains the Newton-Raphson method for finding roots of functions by using tangent lines. It provides two examples: finding the roots of the function f(x) = x^3 - 2x - 5 with an initial guess of x0 = 2, and finding the roots of f(x) = x sin(x) + cos(x) with the same initial guess. Each example includes iterations showing the values of xi, xi+1, and the approximate error percentage.

Uploaded by

Mohit Uzzaman
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Newton‐Raphson Method

Based on forming the tangent line to the 𝑓 𝑥 curve at some guess x, then following
the tangent line to where it crosses the x‐axis.

′
𝑓 𝑥𝑖 − 0
𝑓 𝑥𝑖 =
𝑥𝑖 − 𝑥𝑖+1

𝑓(𝑥𝑖 )
𝑥𝑖+1 = 𝑥𝑖 −
𝑓 ′ (𝑥𝑖 )
Newton‐Raphson Method

Q. Find the roots of 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 − 5 using newton raphson method. Use an


initial guess, 𝑥𝑜 = 2.
Solution:
𝑥𝑖 3 − 2𝑥𝑖 − 5
𝑥𝑖+1 = 𝑥𝑖 −
3𝑥𝑖 2 − 2

Iteration 𝑥𝑖 𝑥𝑖+1 𝜀𝑎 (%)


1. 2 2.1 4.76%
2. 2.1 2.09 0.48%
3. 2.09 2.09 0%
Newton‐Raphson Method

Q. Use Newton Raphson Method to find the roots of 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 sin 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 = 0. Use
an initial guess, 𝑥𝑜 = 2.
Solution:
𝑥𝑖 sin 𝑥𝑖 + cos 𝑥𝑖
𝑥𝑖+1 = 𝑥𝑖 −
𝑥𝑖 cos 𝑥𝑖

Iteration 𝑥𝑖 𝑥𝑖+1 𝜀𝑎 (%)


1. 2 3.69 45.80%
2. 3.69 2.81 31.32%
3. 2.81 2.79 0.72%
4. 2.79 2.79 0%

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