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Tutorial 3

The document contains a tutorial on fluid mechanics with eight problems related to atmospheric pressure, gas behavior, and fluid dynamics. It includes calculations for estimating the number of air molecules in the atmosphere, changes in nitrogen pressure, altitude estimation based on boiling water, maximum diving depth, blood pressure effects, and fluid height differences in a U-tube. Each problem requires the application of fluid mechanics principles and relevant equations.

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6 views1 page

Tutorial 3

The document contains a tutorial on fluid mechanics with eight problems related to atmospheric pressure, gas behavior, and fluid dynamics. It includes calculations for estimating the number of air molecules in the atmosphere, changes in nitrogen pressure, altitude estimation based on boiling water, maximum diving depth, blood pressure effects, and fluid height differences in a U-tube. Each problem requires the application of fluid mechanics principles and relevant equations.

Uploaded by

omtripathi124
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology

Fluid Mechanics

Tutorial – 3

1. The radius of the Earth is 6377 km. Assume that 90% of the Earth’s atmosphere is contained
within a uniform atmospheric layer of thickness 20 km surrounding the Earth. The average
density of air in this layer is 0.6 kg/m3, and the average mass of an air molecule is
4.3×10−26 kg. Using these assumptions, estimate the total number of air molecules present
in 90% of the Earth’s atmosphere.
2. A 10 m3 tank contains nitrogen at 25°C and 800 kPa. Some nitrogen is allowed to escape
until the pressure in the tank drops to 600 kPa. If the temperature at this point is 20°C,
determine the amount of nitrogen that has escaped.
3. Early mountaineers boiled water to estimate their altitude. If they reach the top and find
that water boils at 84°C, approximately how high is the mountain?
4. A diver’s watch resists an absolute pressure of 5.5 bar. At an ocean having density of 1025
kg/m3 and exposing an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar, what depth can maximally the diver
dive to prevent water inlet into his watch? 1 bar = 105 Pa and g = 9.81 m/s2.
5. The maximum blood pressure in the upper arm of a healthy person is about 120 mmHg. If
a vertical tube open to the atmosphere is connected to the vein in the arm of the person,
determine how high the blood will rise in the tube. Take the density of the blood to be 1040
kg/m3.
6. The absolute pressure in water at a depth of 8 m is read to be 175 kPa. Determine (a) the
local atmospheric pressure, and (b) the absolute pressure at a depth of 8 m in a liquid whose
specific gravity is 0.78 at the same location.
7. Both a gage and a manometer are attached to a gas tank to measure its pressure. If the
reading on the pressure gage is 65 kPa, determine the distance between the two fluid levels
of the manometer if the fluid is (a) mercury (𝜌 = 13,600 kg/m3) or (b) water (𝜌 = 1000
kg/m3).
8. Consider a U-tube whose arms are open to the atmosphere. Now water is poured into the
U-tube from one arm, and light oil (𝜌 = 790 kg/m3) from the other. One arm contains 70
cm high water, while the other arm contains both fluids with an oil-to-water height ratio of
6. Determine the height of each fluid in that arm.

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