1.
With the aid of a table, describe the stabilizing factors of the
shoulder joint.(10 marks)
2. Describe the ligaments of the knee joint.(10 marks)
3. Draw and label the carpal tunnel describing the structures
that go through it.(10 marks)
4. In a tabular form, outline the different muscles in each
compartment of the thigh indicating their origin, insertion,
nerve supply and action.(10 marks)
5. In a tabular form, outline the rotator cuff muscles indicating
their origin, insertion, nerve supply, action and clinical
significance. (10 marks)
6. Give a brief description of what is meant by the term
“Guyon’s canal.” (3 marks)
7. What is the clinical significance of the guyon’s canal? (2
marks)
8. Name the muscles that participate in the abduction of the
arm, their innervations and the levels they act.
9. List any eight anatomical happenings of clinical significance
at the level of the middle of the arm.
10. What is the clinical significance of the cubital fossa?
11. Outline four anatomical happenings in the vicinity of
the cubital fossa?
12. What is the effect of the cubital tunnel degeneration?
13. Explain the muscles of the anterior and posterior
compartment of the forearm highlighting their innervations?
14. Explain what is meant by the compartment syndrome
of the forearm?
15. Name the rotator cuff muscles, their origins, insertion
and innervations.
16. What is the significance of the tendon of the long head
of biceps brachii in maintaining the stability of the shoulder
joint?
17. What is meant by a cervical rib?
18. Name the structures affected by a cervical rib?
19. Name the muscles originating from the lateral border of
the scapula, their innervation, nerve supply and action.
20. List the ligaments associated with the shoulder joint.
21. Name the muscles of the pectoral region and the
nerves that supply them.
22. List the ligaments associated with the shoulder joint.
23. List the boundaries of the cubital fossa?
24. Name the contents of the cubital fossa from lateral side
to medial side.
25. Which structures separate the compartments of the
arm?
26. Name the various bursae around the shoulder joint.
27. Where do you apply a shoulder joint effusion and why?
28. Outline the contents of the axilla.
29. List all the carpal bones from lateral to medial?
30. Which of these articulate at the wrist joint?
31. Name the bones on which the flexor retinaculum of the
forearm attach.
32. Explain what is meant by the;
i. Carpal tunnel
ii. Carpal tunnel syndrome
33. What is the nerve supply of the hand.
34. Describe the origin, insertion, and action of the
lumbricals and the interossei of the hand
35. Describe the boundaries of the anatomical snuffbox?
36. What is the clinical significance of the anatomical
snuffbox?
37. List muscles of the upper limb having dual innervation
and identify the nerves responsible.
38. Briefly explain the different potential spaces of the
forearm and hand.
39. What is the clinical significance of the above spaces?
40. Distinguish between radial and ulna bursae.
41. What is the clinical significance of the above bursae?
42. What is meant by the iliotibial tract?
43. Identify the nerves supplying the skin of the buttock.
44. Name the blood vessels that contribute to the cruciate
and trochanteric anastomosis.
45. What is special about the anastomosis?
46. Name the major ligaments of the gluteal region.
47. Briefly explain the different foramina of the gluteal
region?
48. List the structures that pass through the greater sciatic
foramen noting those that pass above and below the
piriformis.
49. i. List the structures that pass through the lesser
sciatic foramen.
ii. What constitutes a Positive Trendelenburg’s test?
50. Explain the different compartments of the leg indicating
the different muscles and their innervations.
51. Name the different reticula of the lower limb, their
points of attachment, structures that go above and below
them.
52. Name the boundaries of the adductor canal and its
contents.
53. What is meant by the femoral sheath?
54. Name the different compartments of the crural sheath
identifying structures in each compartment.
55. What is the clinical significance of the femoral canal?
56. What is meant by the femoral canal?
57. List down the important relations of the femoral ring.
58. Explain what is meant by the femoral hernia?
59. Name the ligaments of the hip joint with their
attachment points.
60. State the relations of the hip joint of clinical
significance.
61. Name the sources of blood of the femoral head.
62. Describe the arrangement of the structures in the
femoral sheath from medial to lateral?
63. Describe how a great saphenous venous cut can be
performed?
64. Name the muscles of the anterior compartment of the
thigh and their innervations.
65. What is the significance of the quadriceps femoris?