Sound
It is a type of longitudinal wave
Was
1
II farefaction
9
iii iii ii
direction
area To direction of propagah
compression high pressure region
when a loudspeaker cone vibrates it moves
forwards and backwards very fast This squashes
and stretches the air in front As a result
a series of compression high pressure region
and rarefaction low pressure region are formed
and travel throughout the avi
they
caused vibrations
a form
by
of energy
example of a
longitudinal atiding to
speed of sound differs the medium
it is
travelling in solid
Speeds Air 330 350ms Water 1500ms Glass 5000m
sound
Sound waves require a medium to travel
sound can not travel in a vacuum
is in iiii
Describe an Experiment to measure the speed of
sound in Air
Method 1 Measuring sound bw two points
v8.00
1 stopwatch
3000 I
500m
as two people stand at a distance of around 500m apart
of 2 the distance between them is measured using a
Tea tape
spotty
3 one person bangs two metal blocks The second
33 person starts a stopwatch when he sees the
person banging the block and stops it when he
hears the sound of barging
4 This is then repeated and an average value is taken
5 The speed of sound can then becalculated
using the formula S
Sound is measured in decibels dB
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Loudness
a factor which distinguishes various
sounds
larger the amplitude louder will be the sound
Amplitude α loudness
small amplitude large amplitude
low high
volume
volume
Pitch
a factor which distinguishes various sounds
higher the frequency higher the pitch
frequency α pitch
measured in Hz herta high
whistle frequency
e.g
low [Link]
pitch
iglighting
low IN
high pitch
Quality
betterquality poor quality
Human Audibility Range
20 20,000112
EW
Echoes
refer to the arepetition of Sound
resulting from reflection of sound wave
off of
a hard surface
cont
MP'd speed 2x distance
echo time 711T
if echo time is given multiply the distance by2
to calculate the speed of Sound
Reflection of sound waves
can be used to calculate
depth
sorceress
at 022
Elphys
itton Es Edelessy cswinamno .EE Deducation
e.g
S
Entire
1500 2
d 1500M
Ultrasound
It isthe sound with frequency greater
than the upper limit of human range of
Audibility ie 20,000112
a A pulse of ultrasound
ultrasound is emitted by transducer
can be
used to 2 The pulse reflects at
construct the the boundary in the body
mage of 3 The reflected pulse is
etus
nbornoffspring detected by transducer
in the womb 41 The signal is processed
to be used for
oeoneoeon medical diagnosis
EE
Eiiii as iii iii
Application of Ultrasound
In medicine ultrasound can be used
1 to construct images of foetus in the womb
in to generate images of organs and their internal
structure
in As a medical treatment such as removing kidney
stones
Ultrasound can also be used to clean jewellery
the jewelley is immersed in a solvent
and
ultrasound waves are made incident on the piece
of jewelley the vibration will shake off dirt
any
Sound
Diffraction of
Sound waves spread out when
through a
gap window or an they
edge
pass
door
That is how we are able to hear sound of
a person even if we are not able to see
that person
e The frequency of middle C in a
guitar is 256ha
g If the speed of sound in Air is 340ms Calculate
the wavelength
f 34 1.33m
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SOUND WS
October TEST Grade 10
one
short
Name:__________________ Time: 30mins handed
Marks: 15 Marks
Section A (MCQ’s)
1.
2.
loudness α amplitude
a frequency
pitch
3.
20 He 20,000112
4.
5.
6.
7.
Pitch α frequency
highest f
frequency
is the no
of waves
passing a
point in
1 second
8.
9.
10.
fx
1500 75
Yf 200
75m
stays the same
decreases
sound
Speed of
in Air 330ms
in water 1500ms
in
glass 5000mg
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amplitude
Y
α
quent
loud'gr
α
pid
v fx
increases
frequency
same
stays the same
peed same
same
decreases
pitch f as far when x is consta
54173 0 054s
S 2 1 1500 40 5m
echotime
2 d
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sii time iiii
compression is a region of higher
pressure
distance bw two successive
compressions
no of compression emitted per second
fx f 340
0 0085
40,000 He
fequency is above the upper threshold for
human beings
5 340
1
40.8 m
iii time iiiin
fattis f
distance
father
0 40 2.5 me
stays the S t
same during 9
diffraction
[Link]
0 00
0.40
Impressionpressure
in is higher
O
340 0.40m
v fx Yf 850
0 4
T 0.00118s time for one wave
f
Patent
before
barrier
7 25 0 00118 2 5 0 00295
0 0029s
speed in water is
greater
normal
Thou s
I
1
39s
It
low pressure region
IT
076
4
0 19m
peperidae
for 7 4 0.00051s
T 0.000128s
time f for 00
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iiiiEe sii time
5li ii in
same
increases
atRaza
Elphysoswitaminar
Alliance
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direction vibration in parallel
of
to the direction of movement of wave
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