ADVANCED ENGINE WITH FULLY

EXPLAINED STUDY GUIDE

1. Starting issue components - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<IGNITION

• FUEL
• EGR
• EVAP
• PCV
• SECONDARY AIR

2. 14.64:1 = how many LAMBDA - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<1

3. 17:1 - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Lean

4. 12:1 - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Rich

5. Air is composed of - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<78% nitrogen, 20% oxygen, 2% other

gases

6. Fuel ratio - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<14.7:1

7. Pressure - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Measured is PSI pounds per square inch.

8. Inches of Mercury (Hg)

9. Vacuum - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Pressure less than atmospheric

10. At sea level atmospheric pressure is 14.69 or 29.92 Hg

11. Coolant is under what amount of pressure normally - correct

answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<20PSI
12. What does the thermostat do? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Controls engine
minimum operating temperature

13. Each pound of pressure raises coolant how much? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<3
degrees

14. Inches of water is more accurate? True or false - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<True

15. High air velocity and minimal air volume - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Caused by
deceleration when the throttle plate is closed. That's when the most velocity of air and not a lot
of volume.

16. When the throttle plate is open, what is happening? - correct

answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<There is a lot of air volume. Due to the plate being open.

17. What is load? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Air

18. Throttle position sensor - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<RATCH function .5/1

19. Starting mode cranking speed - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<170-220 RPM

20. Starting mode flame speed - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<60 mph or 90 ft per sec

21. Starting mode manifold vacuum - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<1-5" of Hg

22. Idle mode what position is the throttle plate in? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Closed

23. Idle mode what is the idle speed? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<650-750 rpm

24. Idle mode what is the manifold vacuum? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<High 17-21 Hg
25. Acceleration mode what position is the throttle plate in? - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Open

26. Acceleration mode what are normal rpm - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<1500-5000

Rpm

27. Acceleration mode what is the manifold vacuum? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Very

low 1-3" Hg

28. Cruise mode what is the vehicle speed? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<20-75 mph

29. Cruise mode what is the engine speed? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<1500-3000 rpm

30. Cruise mode what is the manifold vacuum? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Mid 12-16"
Hg

31. Deceleration mode what is the throttle plate position? - correct

answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Nearly closed or closed

32. Deceleration mode what is the engine rpm - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Slowly

decreasing

33. Deceleration mode what is the manifold vacuum at? - correct

answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Very high 22-28" Hg

34. The higher the rpm the lower the _________ efficency - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Volumetric

35. How is engine speed measured? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Rpm, volumetric

efficiency. The more air you put in the system the faster it will go. Aka forced induction, turbos.
36. Chemical energy in fuel is converted to heat by burning of fuel at a controlled rate - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<combustion

37. Combustion occurs in the power chamber - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Internal

combustion

38. Define combustion chamber - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<anything above the piston

39. Heat in the combustion chamber raises the temperature of the gases in the chamber. True or
false? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<True

40. Due to the increase in gas temperature in the chamber, causes the pressure of the gases to
increase. True or false? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<true

41. Foundation of engine cylinders reside is what? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<block

42. Crankshaft connecting rods, pistons. Transmits to wheels and propels vehicle. - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Rotating Assembly

43. Entire valve train is called - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<cylinder heads

44. Where does air and fuel enter the engine enters through the intake. Exists through the exhaust
manifold. - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Intake and exhaust manifolds

45. ____________ controls the temperature. Passes through the block and cylinder head. Goal is to
maintain operating temperature. - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Cooling system

46. Pre ignition - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<combustion before piston is at the proper

point. Can cause spark knock, or valve ping
47. ________, squeeze, _______, blow - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<suck, squeeze, bang,
blow

48. When the thermostat opens what happens? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<The goal of
the coolant is to absorb the heat from the engine.

49. comp pressure - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<weight of the atmosphere that is being

squeezed creates HEAT.

50. 87 octane burns apprx at _____? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<60 mph

51. 93 octane burns apprx at _____? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<50 mph

52. If compresor is to low will the vehicle start? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<No, it won't
be able to retain heat. Needs the vapors to be compressed More to create heat.

53. All actual internal combustion engines rely on __________ that combustion pressure for as long
as possible! - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<keeping

54. Goal of tuning an engine properly? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<to find point of

maxing the rpm at? Get the engine to that point.

55. When having a race car that is tuned to the max rpm. what is needed after every race? - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Replacing the rings asap due to them being worn to the max. if
not changed engine will blow up. Blow by would happen.

56. Why does an engine lose much of its power once the piston rings are worn? - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<The pressure needs to be maintained within the cylinder
throughout the entire power stroke for decent performance.

57. Why are piston rings and valves important? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<They hold
the pressure in the cylinder before combustion.
58. If valves are worn and distorted what happens? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Leaks
cylinder pressure.

59. True or false? the flame velocity is usually around 90 feet per second or 60 mph. - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<true

60. True or false? the time the gas and air mixture is burning, the crank shaft is rotated a slight
distance past TDC TOP DEAD CENTER. - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<TRUE preventing
engine from spinning backwards.

61. 3 points of triangle - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<air/fuel, spark ignition, compressor

62. What is the point of compressor? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<necessary for heat in

combustion chamber.

63. BMT= - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<BEST MEAN TORQUE

64. BMT when does combustion end? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<18-21 degrees ATDC

65. True or false? Cylinder gets smaller by volume, the walls are exposed to more coolant and the
speed of piston increases? Does mechanical advantage get created? - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<false, larger and mechanical advantage is increased up to 90
degrees ATDC, then gradually looses it until the exhaust valve opens

66. What controls coolant fan - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Engine turns it on and off

67. The engine must pump ____ amount and ____ between cylinders - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Correct, and evenly

68. What is the greatest heat exchange - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Liquid to vapor

69. What type of signal does a Hall effect sensor have? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<DC

70. VRS - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Variable Reluctant sensor

71. CKP - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Crank shaft position sensor

72. What does the CKP do? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Gives position of crank by
having a missing tooth on wheel that shows from that point it's a certain degree from the crank
CHECK

73. EGR - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Exhaust Gas Recirculation

74. What does the EGR do? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Goal is to reduce NOx.

75. If combustion temperature is to high what happens? - correct

answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<More NOx is created. Which is bad causing more carbon deposits
on valves

76. When idling what is the pressure in the manifold? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<18-21
inches of Mercury. Lack of pressure when idling.

77. When accelerating what is happening to the pressure? - correct

answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<It goes up pushing more fuel out. To raise the amount of fuel
going in.

78. True or false cold air is less dense meaning more oxygen - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<False warm air is less dense CHECK

79. If a vehicle doesn't crank what would the system that would be the cause? - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Starting system
80. How does the operation on turning the key in the cylinder work? - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<There is a rod in a switch that moves when the key position
moves.

81. What could be the symptoms of an ignition switch failed? - correct

answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Hesitation vehicle will accelerate but it is super delayed and slow,
no crank/no start, stall, intermittent no crank

82. Does the crank shaft have a damper? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Yes to absorb
vibration, if it comes apart it will make a squeaking noise

83. What is a type A misfire? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Two hundred misfire across

2000 RPM

84. How are the wires set up in the CKP? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<+ and - are twisted
together. Correct way on charge on the is - then +.

85. What is biast voltage on the CKP - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<If key is on it will
generate 2.5 bolts DC. Ac will be created when cranking

86. During a CKP sensor failure what symptoms could be resulted? - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Crank/no start, hesitation, stall, very inconsistent running

87. How does the CKP work when cranking engine - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Ac
voltage will be generated

88. Advancing the intake or regarding exhaust causes what? - correct

answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Can cause scavenging

89. Scavenging - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Slight valve overlap on an intake stroke to

achieve a higher velocity/volume of a fuel charge
90. TiVCT - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Twin independent variable cam timing. Both cam
shafts advance and retard independently

91. The primary function of the EGR system is to: - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<reduce
NOx

92. For basic EVAP system operation, the ________ is used to store fuel vapors until the ________
opens and allows the vapors to be drawn into the intake manifold - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<charcoal canister/ purge valve

93. What is the initial response when the system detects a vacuum leak? - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<SHRTFTs react by adding fuel

94. What would be the effects of low fuel pressure? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<SHRFTs
react by adding fuel

95. At which point under normal driving conditions is maximum EGR flow achieved? - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Cruise

96. What should be the expected value of the H02S12 PID when the engine is running lean? -
correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<0.3V

97. What effect does a vacuum leak have on the ETC system at idle? - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<The ETC motor will decrease the throttle angle

98. When performing an EVAP flow test using the smoke machine, the ball stops descending above
the pointer flag. What does this indicate? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<There is a leak

99. While diagnosing a rough running engine, fuel trims were greater than +25% on both tanks at
idle. Above 2500 RPM fuel trims were near 0% on both tanks. What type of fault does this
indicate? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Leaking intake manifold gasket
100. While diagnosing a rough running engine, fuel trims near 0% on both banks at idle.
Above 2500 RPM fuel trims were near +20% on both banks. What type of fault does this
indicate? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Restricted by fuel filter

101. Information from the MAF sensor is used by the PCM to make adjustments in: - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Ignition timing, fuel control, load calculations, all of the above

102. An EVAP canister that is saturated with fuel could cause: - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<SHRFTs to to go negative

103. The Differential Pressure Feedback EGR (DPFE) Monitor tests the: - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Integrity and flow characteristics of the EGR system

104. How does the EGR system reduce NOx? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<By
decreasing combustion temperatures

105. What condition is indicated when fuel trims indicate lean at idle, but normal at 1200
RPM? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<A vacuum leak

106. An unmetered air leak can cause: - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<02 sensor to

go lean

107. What is the correct repair for a non-E85 vehicle that has less than a 1/2 tank fuel which
contains 40% ethanol? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Add enough gasoline to bring
the percentage into specification

108. Which is the primary component to control the turbocharger boost pressure? - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Wastegate actuator

109. Which PID should read apprx 4 PSI at idle? - correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<MAP
110. When will the TIP_PRS/TCBP and MAP PIDs have similar readings? - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<At KOEO and WOT

111. During what test will the engine automatically crank for 5-10 seconds? - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<High pressure relative injector flow test

112. Actual turbocharger boost pressure is measured before the throttle plate by the: -
correct answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<TIP_PRS/TCBP Sensor

113. Which component limits turbocharger flutter noise on deceleration? - correct

answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Turbocharger By-pass Valve

114. What would the MAP and TIP_PRS/TCBP PIDs read at KOEO? - correct
answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<Atmospheric pressure

115. What is a normal reading for the EQ_RAT11 PID? - correct

answer.💖💖💖💖✔<<<<<14.5:1