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Linux Common Commands

This document lists the most commonly used Linux commands categorized into various sections such as File & Directory Management, File Viewing & Editing, System Information, User Management, Process Management, Network Commands, System Cleanup & Permissions, Package Management, and Other Useful Commands. Each command is accompanied by a brief description of its function. The document serves as a quick reference guide for users to navigate and utilize Linux commands effectively.

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13 views4 pages

Linux Common Commands

This document lists the most commonly used Linux commands categorized into various sections such as File & Directory Management, File Viewing & Editing, System Information, User Management, Process Management, Network Commands, System Cleanup & Permissions, Package Management, and Other Useful Commands. Each command is accompanied by a brief description of its function. The document serves as a quick reference guide for users to navigate and utilize Linux commands effectively.

Uploaded by

khanyyasir40
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Most Commonly Used Linux Commands

File & Directory Management

ls - List directory contents

cd - Change directory

pwd - Show current directory path

mkdir - Create a new directory

rmdir - Remove an empty directory

rm - Remove files or directories (-r for recursive, -f to force)

cp - Copy files or directories

mv - Move or rename files or directories

touch - Create an empty file

find - Search files and directories

File Viewing & Editing

cat - View file contents

more, less - View file content page-by-page

head - Show first N lines of a file

tail - Show last N lines of a file

nano, vi, vim - Text editors

echo - Display message or variable value

stat - Show file or directory metadata

System Information

uname -a - Show system info

top, htop - Monitor processes in real time

df -h - Show disk usage

du -sh - Show directory size

free -h - Show memory usage

uptime - Show system uptime

hostname - Show or set system hostname


Most Commonly Used Linux Commands

whoami - Show current user

id - Show user and group IDs

User Management

adduser - Add a new user

passwd - Change user password

su - Switch user

sudo - Run as superuser

who, w - Show who is logged in

groups - Show user group memberships

Process Management

ps aux - List all running processes

kill - Kill a process by PID

killall - Kill a process by name

bg - Resume job in background

fg - Resume job in foreground

jobs - List background jobs

Network Commands

ping - Check network connectivity

ifconfig, ip a - Show IP addresses

netstat -tuln - Show open ports

ss -tuln - Modern alternative to netstat

curl - Fetch data from URL

wget - Download files

scp - Secure file copy

ssh - Secure remote login

traceroute - Track packet route


Most Commonly Used Linux Commands

nslookup - DNS lookup

System Cleanup & Permissions

chmod - Change file permissions

chown - Change file owner

clear - Clear terminal screen

history - Show command history

alias - Create command shortcut

df - Disk space usage

du - Directory size usage

mount, umount - Mount/unmount devices

Package Management (Ubuntu/Debian)

apt update - Update package list

apt upgrade - Upgrade packages

apt install - Install package

apt remove - Remove package

Package Management (Red Hat/CentOS)

yum install - Install package

dnf install - Install (newer systems)

Other Useful Commands

man - Manual for a command

date - Show system date/time

cal - Display calendar

shutdown, reboot - Power off/restart

crontab -e - Edit cron jobs

tar -czf / -xzf - Compress / Extract [Link]


Most Commonly Used Linux Commands

zip, unzip - Compress / Extract zip

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