19

Printing Ink

PRODUCT CODE : 35216

QUALITY AND STANDARDS : IS 5046, IS 2105, IS 7771, IS 1234, IS 3680,
IS 6830, IS 8744
PRODUCTION CAPACITY : Qty. : 90,000 Kgs. of different types of printing
ink (per annum).
MONTH AND YEAR : January, 2003
OF PREPARATION
PREPARED BY : Small Industries Service Institute
Bamunimaidan, Guwahati-781021.
Phone Nos.: (0361) 2550052, 2550083
Fax No. : 2550052
E-mail: Senetghy1@[Link]

INTRODUCTION Printing ink is available in two forms:

1. Paste form like letter press, offset,
The manufacturing of printing ink screen printing, etc.
enjoys an important place in chemical
2. Liquid ink like flexographic,
industry. With the growing demand of a
gravure, rotary newsprint etc.
wide spectrum of printing inks and with
the advancement of printing processes,
the industry offer entrepreneurs the
MARKET POTENTIAL
opportunity for career development. With the increasing growth rate of
Printing ink is a recipe-oriented printing unit the demand for various
product having three basic materials as types of printing ink is increasing day-
essential inputs. by-day. The industry could be set up to
1. Pigments - for colouring of ink. meet local requirements also.
2. Vehicles - to transport the pigment
to the plate of printing machine. B ASIS AND PRESUMPTIONS
3. Binders and extenders and 1. The production capacity is on
plasticisers - are used to produce single shift and 25 working days
printing ink of specific uses. per month basis with 75% cap.
Printing ink is divided into three main utilization.
classes: 2. The costs of plant and machinery,
1. Typographic printing ink. raw-materials, selling price of
2. Planographic printing ink. finished products etc., are the
price procuring at the time of
3. Intaglio printing ink.
preparation of project profile and
 P RINTING INK 101

may vary depending upon ingredients in suitable proportions are

location, market and other mixed with or without modifiers, driers,
various reasons. wetting agents, anti-oxidants, etc.
3. Unit premises is taken on monthly Depending upon the types and quality
rental basis. of the printing ink in a mixer like dough
4. 5% wastage of raw-materials is type mills, triple roll mill, agitator are
taken into account. used.
5. Time period for achieving full For Paste Form Ink
envisaged capacity utilization is
within 2 years. The ingredients are mixed well in a
mixer like charge pan mixer, Rotary
6. The labour wages has been taken
mixer. After completion of mixing the
on the basis of local market.
mixed ingredients is passed through
7. The rate of interest is taken at triple roll mill. 7 to 8 passes are given
14% per annum on an average. till required fineness is obtained.
8. Pay-back period of the product is
taken as 2 months. For Liquid Ink
9. The operative period for the Ink formulated with pigments, resin,
project is 10 years. vehicles and solvent are grounded in a
ball mill for 36 - 48 hrs.
IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE For low viscosity ink such as
The time required for completing newsprint ink, gravure ink etc. colloid
each activity of the project till mills are used.
commercial production is as follows: However, after completion of proper
Preparation of project report 1 month mixing and grinding the ink is packed
in a suitable container after proper
Selection of site 1 month testing in the laboratory.
Registration as SSI 1 month
Availability of finances/loan 3 months Quality Control and Standards
Machinery and equipment 3 months Printing inks have to possess all the
Procurement physical and chemical properties as per
Erection and commissioning 1 month Indian Standard specifications for getting
including electrification good quality and marketability of the
products.
Trial runs 1 month
The Bureau of Indian Standards has
Recruitment of personnel 2 months formulated specifications for different
and Labour. types of printing ink as given below:
1. Letter press Black book IS 5046
TECHNICAL ASPECTS printing ink
Process of Manufacture 2. Printing ink for general IS 2105
purpose
Printing Ink is manufactured by proper
incorporation of dry pigments into the 3. Halftone IS 7771
vehicle by grinding. These two 4. Newsprint ink black IS 8744
102 P RINTING INK

5. Offset ink black general IS 6830 Sl. Description Ind./ Qty. Price
purpose No. Imd. (Rs.)

The methods of testing of printing ink 5. Pot mill having 3 -do- 1 50,000
No. procelain pot
have been laid down in the IS 6931:72. of capacity 2 lts.
The laboratory equipments required for Each with 2 H.P.
the testing of ink are given in Annexure-I. motor
6. Storage and potting -do- 10 20,000
Production Capacity (per annum) vessel 100 kgs.
cap. each.
Quantity 90000 kgs. of different types of 7. Weighing scale -do- 1 50,000
printing ink. platform type with
Value Rs. 82,00,000 capacity 300 kgs.
8. Weighing scale -do- 1 12,000
Motive Power 10kgs. Cap.
9. Laboratory -do- 3,00,000
50 H.P. equipments as per
Annexure-I.
FINANCIAL ASPECTS 10. Other equipment -do- LS 50,000
and tools
Total 24,52,000
A. Fixed Capital
Electrification and installation 2,45,200
(i) Land and building Rented (Rs.) charges @10% cost of
machines and equipments
Covered area including workshop,
shed, raw-material Godown, office @ Rs.16,000 Total 26,97,200
space, laboratory, Finished products per month 11. Furnace for varnish 15,000
godown etc.
12. Furniture and office 75,000
(ii) Machinery and Equipments equipment
Total 27,87,200
Sl. Description Ind./ Qty. Price
No. Imd. (Rs.) Pre-operative expenses including 75,000
preparation of project report
1. Ball mill size 4” Indigenous 2 4,00,000
dia × 4”×6” length Total 28,62,200
made of M.S. or Say 28,62,000
plate with
refractory Lining
and 10 H.P. motor B Working Capital (per month)
2. Triple roll mill with -do- 2 9,00,000
(i) Personnel
hollow chilled cast
iron roll of 12’× 26'’ Sl. Designation No. Salary Total
size with water No. (Rs.) (Rs.)
cooling
arrangements 1. Manager-cum-Chief 1 9000 9000
and 12.5 H.P. motor Chemist
3. Varnish kettle -do- 2 3,70,000 2. Chemist 1 5000 5000
250 kgs. Capacity 3. Supervisor 2 3000 6000
made of S.S.
4. Accountant-cum- 1 3000 3000
4. Planetory mixer -do- 2 3,00,000 Store Keeper
made of S.S.
capacity 250 lts. 5. Skilled workers 4 4000 16000
With dual speed
6. Semi-skilled workers 3 3000 9000
and 5 H.P. motor.
 P RINTING INK 103

Sl. Designation No. Salary Total (iii) Utilities (per month) (Rs.)
No. (Rs.) (Rs.)
Power 52,000
7. Unskilled workers 5 2000 10000
Fuel 10,000
8. Salesman 2 5000 10000
Water 1,000
9. Clerk-cum-Typist 1 3000 3000
Total 63,000
10. Watchman 1 2000 2000
Total 73000 ( iv) Other Contingent Expenses (per month) (Rs.)

Prequisites @ 15% salaries 10950 Rent 16,000

Total 83,950 Postage and Stationery 2,500
or say 84,000 Telephone 2,500

(ii) Raw-Material Including Packaging Consumable stores 10,000

Requirement (per month)
Repairs and maintenance 10,000
Particulars Ind./ Qty. Rate Value
Transport charges 15,000
Imp. Kg. (Rs.) (Rs.)
Advertisement and publicity 15,000
Carbon black Ind. 900 80 72,000
Insurance 2,000
Victoria blue Ind. 500 500 2,50,000
Sales expenses 10,000
Phthlocyanine blue Ind. 136 800 1,08,800
Misc. expenses 7,000
Phenolic Resin Ind. 140 90 12,600
Total 90,000
Maleic Resin Ind. 140 100 14,000

Alkyd Resin Ind. 80 90 7,200 (v) Total Recurring Expenditure (Rs. ) 12,70,737
(per month)
Prussian blue Ind. 52 200 10,400
(i) Personnel 84,000
Ester gum Ind. 1500 75 1,12,500
(ii) Raw material 10,33,737
Bitumen Ind. 482 35 16,870
Calcium Ind. 850 16 13,600 (iii) Utilities 63,000
carbonate
(iv) Other contingent expenses 90,000
Linseed oil Ind. 610 75 45,750
Total 12,70,737
Stand oil Ind. 64 90 5,760
or say 12,71,000
Aromax solvent Ind. 21ltrs. 27/ltr. 567

Aluminium Ind. 21 40 840 (vi) Total Working Capital (for 3 months basis)
hydrate Rs. 12,71,000 × 3 = 38,13,000

Machine Oil Ind. 866ltrs. 20 17,320 Total Capital Investment

Grease Ind. 130 25 3,250 (i) Fixed Capital 28,62,000
M.T.O. Ind. 2600ltrs. 19 49,400 (ii) Working Capital 38,13,000
White spirit Ind. 2000ltrs. 19 38,000 Total 66,75,000
Chrome pigment Ind. 44 120 5,280

Cobalt drier Ind. 64 400 25,600 Machinery Utilisation

Tin container for Ind. 8000pcs. 28 2,24,000
1 [Link]
In the project profile the production
capacity has been taken on the basis of
Total 10,33,737
75% utilization of the main machinery.
104 P RINTING INK

FINANCIAL ANALYSIS 6. Break-even Point

(i) Fixed cost (Rs.)

1. Cost of Production (per year) (Rs.)
Depreciation (on machine and 2,89,220
Total recurring expenditure 1,52,52,000
equipment, furniture, Office
12,71,000×12
equipment, furnace)
Depreciation on machinery and 2,69,720
Rent 1,92,000
equipment @ 10%
Interest 9,34,500
Depreciation on furniture and Office 15,000
Equipment @ 20% Insurance 24,000
Depreciation on furnace @ 30% 4,500 40% of salary and wages 4,03,200
Interest on total investment @ 14% 9,34,500 40% of other contingent expenses 3,45,600
(excluding rent and insurance)
Total 1,64,75,720
Total 21,88,520
2. Turnover (per year)
(ii) Net Profit (per year) Rs. 29,49,280
Item Qty./ Rate Value
kg. (Rs.)/Kg. (Rs.)
B.E.P. = Fixed cost × 100
Cheap Quality 30000 110 33,00,000 Fixed cost + Net profit (per year)

Black ink jobbing 25000 175 43,75,000 = 21,88,520×100

21,88,520+29,49,280
Black ink medium 20000 300 60,00,000 = 42.60%
quality

(Blue) Ink Super 5000 550 27,50,000 Additional Information

Gloss

Blue Ink 5000 350 17,50,000

The raw-materials and their require-
ments are worked out on the basis of
Lemon yellow 5000 250 12,50,000 the formulation of the items mentioned
Total 1,94,25,000 which have scope for regular market.
Other types of printing ink can also be
3. Net Profit (per year) Before Income Tax
manufactured with the machinery
= Turnover– Cost of Production provided. Model formulations are given
= Rs. 1,94,25,000 – 1,64,75,720 in Annexure-II.
= Rs. 29,49,280
Addresses of Plant and Machinery
4. Net Profit Ratio Manufacturers and Suppliers
= Profit (per year) × 100 1. M/s. Kusum Engg. Co. Ltd.
Turnover (per year)
25, Swallow Lane,
= 29,49,280 × 100
1,94,25,000 Kolkata -1.
= 15.18% 2. M/s. Oriental Machinery Supplying
Agency Limited
5. Rate of Return
25, R. M. Mukherjee Road,
= Net profit × 100 Kolkata - 700001.
Total investment

= 29,49,280 × 100
3. M/s. Amic Industries Pvt. Ltd.
66,75,000 10, St. Road,
= 44.18% Kolkata - 700056.
 P RINTING INK 105

4. M/s. Pioneer Engg. Co. Addresses of Raw Material Suppliers

57, Apollo St. Fort,
(A) Vehicles and Resin
Mumbai -400001.
1. M/s. Bajaj Oil Mills
5. M/s. D. K. Engineering Works 193, G.T. Road, Howrah.
8, Panchananlata, New Road, (West Bengal).
Kolkata - 700056.
2. M/s. Imperial Oil Mills
6. M/s. A.P.V. Engineering Co. Ltd.
9, Jagmohan Malik St.,
Dum Dum Road,
Kolkata - 1.
Kolkata - 700001.
3. M/s. Swaika Oil Mills
7. M/s. National India Engg. Co. Pvt.
Pollock House,
Ltd.
7/10, Hornimen Circle, 183, Brabourne Road,
Mumbai-400001. Kolkata - 700001.

8. M/s. Gidwaney Bros. 4. M/s. Goddless Walls Pvt. Ltd.

73, N.S. Road, Forbes Buildings, Hone St.,
Kolkata - 700001. Mumbai-400001.
9. M/s. Liluah Iron Works (B) Pigments and Extenders
11, Chowringhee Road, 1. M/s. Associated Pigments Ltd.
Kolkata -700006. 14, N.S. Road,
Kolkata - 700001.
Addresses of Laboratory
Equipment Suppliers 2. M/s. Pigment and Chemical
1. M/s. Associated Instruments Mfg. Industries Private Limited
(India) Ltd. 32, Armenian St.,
Gillander House, Kolkata -700001.
8, M.S. Road, 3. M/s. Rickett and Coleman of India
Kolkata - 700001. Ltd.
2. M/s. Adair Dutta and Co. 10, Chowringhee Road,
B.B.D. Bag, Kolkata - 700013.
Kolkata - 700001. 4. M/s. Imperial Chemical Industries
3. M/s. Sheen Instruments Limited (I) Private Limited
C/o M/s S.B.M. Chemical and Kolkata - 700001.
Instruments Pvt. Ltd.
5. M/s. Chamicolour Private Limited
701-D, Poonam Chambers,
Kasturi Building,
Shivsagar Estate,
Jamshed Ji Tata Road,
Dr. Annie Besant Road,
Mumbai - 400001.
Mumbai - 400018.
4. M/s. United Ink and Varnish Co. 6. M/s. Goodlas Nerolac Paints Pvt. Ltd.
Ltd. Mumbai - 400001.
Subhash Road, 7. M/s. T. Roberts India Pvt. Ltd.
Vile Parle (East), 14, N.S. Road,
Mumbai - 400057. Kolkata - 700001.
106 P RINTING INK

8. M/s. Sudarshan Chemical Annexure-I

Industries Private Limited List of Laboratory Equipment
27, Shakershet Road,
1. Hegman Grinding Gauges
Pune.
2. Ford Flow cup Viscometer
9. M/s. Philips Carbon Black Limited
3. U-Tube viscometer
Udyog Bhavan,
Ballard Estate, 4. Colorimeter
Mumbai - 400007. 5. Wet Film Thickness Gauge
10. M/s. United Aniline and Chemical 6. Glossometer
Co. Private Limited 7. Tackometer
56, Rosemary Lane,
8. Adjustable Film applicator
Howrah(West Bengal)
9. Checker Board
11. M/s. V.G. Colour Industries
10. Centrifuge
Mumbai - 400007.
11. Flow gauge
(C) Driers
12. Weight per litre cup
1. M/s. General Pigments and
Chemicals Private Limited 13. Attraitor (small size)
Vihar lake Road, 14. Sieves
Saki Naka, Kurla, 15. Hydrometer
Mumbai - 400001.
16. Able refractometer
2. M/s. Gandhi Parekh Investment 17. Able flash point apparatus
Corp. Agra Road,
18. Pensky Martin flash point
Ghatkopar,
apparatus
Mumbai -400001.
19. Colour matching examination
3. M/s. Calcutta Paints and Driers Pvt. table.
Ltd.
P-8, Dalimotala Lane, Annexure-II
Kolkata - 700006.
List of Formulations of Printing Ink
4. M/s. Calcutta Industrial Chemicals
1. Lemon Yellow Printing Ink
and Minerals Co. Pvt. Ltd.
Middle chrome pigment 10%
43, Lenin Sarani,
Kolkata - 700013. Ppt. calcium carbonate 45%
Penta ester Gum 15%
(D) Turpentine and Resin
M.T.O. 29%
1. M/s. Indian Turpentine and Resin
Cobalt drier 1%
Co.
Bareily, U.P. 2. Jobbing Black Ink
2. M/s. Turpentine Subsidiary India Carbon Black 15%
Limited Bitumen 21%
Bareily, U.P. Penta Ester gum 5%
 P RINTING INK 107

MTO(Mineral Cobalt drier 2%

Turpentine Oil) 58% Aluminium Hydride 5%
Cobalt drier 1%
3. Colour Ink (Blue) 5. Medium Quality Prints (Blue)
Phthalocyanine blue 14% Victoria Blue 12%
Phenolic Resin 10.5% Calcium Carbonate 35%
Maleic Resin 10.5% Linseed Oil 10%
Alkyd Resin 7.5% Phenolic Resin 2.25%
Alkali free Linseed oil 45.5% Maleic Resin 2.25%
Stand oil 10.0% Alkyd Resin 0.50%
Cobalt drier 2.0% Ester gum Resin 13%
M.T.O. 24%
4. Super Gloss Ink (Blue)
Cobalt drier 1%
Phthalocyanine Blue 18%
Phenolic Resin 9% 6. Cheap Quality Black Ink
Maleic resin 9% Carbon Black 20%
Alkyd Resin 8% Machine Oil 33%
Linseed oil 39% Resin 40%
Aromex 5% Grease 5%
Stand Oil 5% Prussian Blue 2%