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Classification

The document discusses the classification of data, which involves organizing data into homogeneous groups based on attributes and variables. It explains simple and manifold classifications according to attributes, as well as classifications based on variables, including uni-variate, bi-variate, and multi-variate frequency distributions. Additionally, it differentiates between discrete and continuous variables, providing examples for each type.

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jpksha1988
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5 views3 pages

Classification

The document discusses the classification of data, which involves organizing data into homogeneous groups based on attributes and variables. It explains simple and manifold classifications according to attributes, as well as classifications based on variables, including uni-variate, bi-variate, and multi-variate frequency distributions. Additionally, it differentiates between discrete and continuous variables, providing examples for each type.

Uploaded by

jpksha1988
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CHAPTER

CLASSIFICATION OF DATA
The process of arranging the data in different homogeneous groups to present it into simple form is
known as classification The statistical data is broadly classified on the basis of attributes and on the
basis of variables.

CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO ATTRIBUTES

Attributes describe to what extent a character possesses natural characteristics common to all
characters. The attributes are not capable of being measured quantitatively i.e., cannot be expressed
numerically.

Examples of attributes:

Religion ,Literacy ,Unemployment ,Occupation,Sex etc.

When the data is classified on the basis of qualities, it is called classification on the basis of
attributes.

SIMPLE CLASSIFICATION

When the data is classified on the basis of only one attribute i.e., one characteristic, it is called simple
classification.

Example:
Number of people working in an office classified according to sex.

MANIFOLD CLASSIFICATION

When the data is classified on the basis of more than one attribute i.e., two or more characteristics,
it is called manifold classification.

Example:
Number of people working in an office classified according to sex and their education.

CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO VARIABLES

Any character which is capable of taking several numerical values for what is being observed is called
a variable.

Variables are capable of being measured quantitatively i.e., can be expressed numerically.

Examples of variables:

Height, Weight, Marks obtained, Salary etc.

When the data is classified on the basis of variables, they are presented in the form of frequency
distribution. Frequency distribution can be categorized into:

Uni-variate Frequency Distribution


Bi-variate Frequency Distribution

Multi-variate Frequency Distribution

UNI-VARIATE FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION

The frequency distribution with one variable is called a uni-variate frequency distribution.

BI-VARIATE FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION

The frequency distribution having two variables is called a bi-variate frequency distribution.

MULTI-VARIATE FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION

Frequency distribution with more than two variables is called a multi-variate frequency distribution.

DISCRETE VARIABLE

Discrete variables are the variables which take only exact values and exhibit the gap.

Therefore, discrete variables are also known as discontinuous variables.

These variables do not carry any fractional values.

Examples:

Number of children in the family

Number of machines in the factory

Number of leaves on a tree etc.

CONTINUOUS VARIABLES

These variables are capable of assuming any fractional value in a given range.

Examples:

Height or weight of students of a class

Turnover of a company

Age of residents of a society etc.

A frequency distribution presented for discrete variables is called discrete distribution and a
frequency distribution presented for continuous variables is known as continuous distribution.

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