Training Study Material (QC) 2020–21
Prophylactic treatment at storage depots in FCI: Prophylactic treatment is given
on the peripheral surface of the bagged grain as well as on the inner four walls &
floor of the storage structure to control surface/crawling infestation and cross
infestation of stored grain pests from one place to another.
Currently, two chemicals i.e. Malathion 50% EC and Deltamethrin 2.5% WP
are being used in FCI godowns under prophylactic treatment and sprays with
these two chemicals are done on surface of bags only. Generally 80% of the
stocks to be treated during the month are treated with Deltamethrin 2.5% WP
and remaining 20% stock is treated with Malathion 50% EC.
DDVP is used to control surface infestation, crawling infestation and cross
infestation of stored grain pests by air charging which acts as contact pesticide
as well as fumigant when the space is made airtight after spray. It is used on
empty surface only and not to be used on food grain bags.
In case, DDVP is not available, air charging can be done with Malathion 50%
EC also.
No chemicals should be sprayed on naked grains.
The doses and frequency of treatment with Malathion 50% EC, Deltamethrin
2.5% WP and DDVP 76% EC are as under-
Name of the Dilution Dosages with Periodicity Remarks
chemical diluted solution
Malathion 1:100 3 L per 100 m2 15 days
50% EC (21 days in winter)
Deltamethrin 40 gms / L 3 L per 100 m2 90 days
2.5% WP (3 months)
DDVP 1:150 3 L per 100 m2 As and when Use banned
76% EC required w.e.f. 31.12.20
Equipment for Prophylactic Treatment: Different types of sprayers are available
for spraying diluted emulsions or suspensions. They may be broadly divided into
three categories:
(A) Manually operated sprayers: - They are of two types, hydraulic sprayers and
pneumatic sprayers. Hydraulic sprayers have to be operated continuously with the
side arm provided, during spraying operation. The pneumatic sprayers, however,
have the facilities to pressurize the tank using a hand pump and spraying, therefore,
can be done continuously. Foot sprayers (pneumatic type) are commonly used in
small FCI godowns.
(B) Motorized (power) sprayers: - These are useful for spraying of insecticides over
large areas, high wall and ceilings. The spray liquid which enters the air steam from
the engine at the nozzle is broken down to fine droplets and forced out in a stream.
Another version of motorized is the one which is mounted on Wheel-barrow or a
trolley, also called as Power sprayer. They are useful for spraying large warehouses.
Institute of Food Security, FCI, Gurugram Page 54
Training Study Material (QC) 2020–21
Calculation of Area & Volume for Spraying& Air charging:
Rail-fed Godown Road-fed Godown
Floor Area of stack 9.15 m × 6.1 m = 56 m2 9.15 m × 6.1 m = 56 m2
Vol. of stack: 9.15 m × 6.1 m × 4 m = 223 m3 9.15 m × 6.1 m × 4 m = 223 m3
Floor Area of one 41.23 m × 21.34 m =880 m 2 41.23 m × 21.34 m =880 m2
chamber
Wall Area:
Length wall 2 × 41.23 × 6.35 = 523.62 m2 2 × 41.23 × 5.60 = 461.78 m2
Width wall 2 × 21.34 × 6.35 = 271.02 m2 2 × 21.34 × 5.60 = 239.01 m2
Triangular area 2 ×[ ½ × 21.34 × 3.63*]= 77.46 m 2 2 ×[ ½ × 21.34 × 3.63*]= 77.46 m2
Total wall area 523.62+271.02+77.46 = 872 m2 461.78+239.01+77.46 = 778 m2
Platform Area: 126.01 m × 3.05 m =384.33 m 2 126.01 m × 2.45 m =308.72 m2
Shed Volume:
Up to side wall 41.23 × 21.34 × 6.35= 5587 m3 41.23 × 21.34 × 5.60= 4927 m3
Above side wall 41.23 × ½ × 21.34 × 3.63*=1597 m3 41.23 × ½ × 21.34 × 3.63*=1597 m3
Total 5587+1597 = 7184 m3 4927+1597 = 6524 m3
* Height of triangular area = Distance between center of two side walls/6 = 21.8/6= 3.63 m
Calculation of stack surface area & chemical required for spraying: As
prophylactic treatments with Deltamethrin & Malathion is done by spraying on
bags, a readymade calculation sheet is useful for assessment of chemicals required
for treatment-
No. Qty. Stack Area 10% Total Qty of Qty. of pesticide
of in measurement of inter- area of solution required to prepare
Bags MTs (in meter) stack bag stack to be the required soln
L B H (m2) space (m2) prepared Malathion D-methrin
(m2) (Lit) (ml) (gms)
200 10 9.15 6.1 0.25 63.4 6.34 69.78 2.100 21 85
400 20 9.15 6.1 0.50 71.1 7.11 78.17 2.350 23 95
600 30 9.15 6.1 0.75 78.7 7.87 86.56 2.600 26 105
800 40 9.15 6.1 1.00 86.3 8.63 94.95 2.850 28 115
1000 50 9.15 6.1 1.25 93.9 9.39 103.33 3.100 31 125
1200 60 9.15 6.1 1.50 101.6 10.16 111.72 3.350 34 135
1400 70 9.15 6.1 1.75 109.2 10.92 120.11 3.600 36 145
1600 80 9.15 6.1 2.00 116.8 11.68 128.50 3.860 39 155
1800 90 9.15 6.1 2.25 124.4 12.44 136.88 4.100 41 165
2000 100 9.15 6.1 2.50 132.1 13.21 145.27 4.360 44 175
2200 110 9.15 6.1 2.75 139.7 13.97 153.66 4.610 46 185
2400 120 9.15 6.1 3.00 147.3 14.73 162.05 4.860 49 195
2600 130 9.15 6.1 3.25 154.9 15.49 170.43 5.110 51 205
2800 140 9.15 6.1 3.50 162.6 16.26 178.82 5.370 54 215
3000 150 9.15 6.1 3.75 170.2 17.02 187.21 5.620 56 225
3200 160 9.15 6.1 4.00 177.8 17.78 195.60 5.870 59 235
3400 170 9.15 6.1 4.25 185.4 18.54 203.98 6.120 61 245
3600 180 9.15 6.1 4.50 193.1 19.31 212.37 6.370 64 255
3800 190 9.15 6.1 4.75 200.7 20.07 220.76 6.620 66 265
4000 200 9.15 6.1 5.00 208.3 20.83 229.15 6.870 69 275
Institute of Food Security, FCI, Gurugram Page 55
Training Study Material (QC) 2020–21
Calculation of dilution for chemicals:
a) Dilution = 1:150 (example: DDVP)
1:150 = 20:3000 (For 3000 ml soln, 20 ml chemical will be required)
Dose = 3 L / 100 m2 of diluted solution (i.e. 20 ml chemical/100 m2)
0.2 ml chemical will be required for spraying one square meter area.
b) Dilution = 1:100 (example: Malathion)
1:100 = 30:3000 (For 3000 ml soln, 30 ml chemical will be required)
Dose = 3 L / 100 m2 of diluted solution(i.e. 30 ml chemical/100 m2)
0.3 ml chemical will be required for spraying one square meter area.
Spray on floor (Standard 1670 MT chamber):
Area of one standard FCI chamber = 41.23 m × 21.34 m =880 m2
Alleyways & Gangways constitute roughly20% area of the chamber
which is usually sprayed when godown is fully occupied. When the
godown is empty or partially filled, the entire empty floor should be
covered under floor treatment.
Floor No of Occupied Floor Prepared At 1:150 At 1:100
area of stacks floor area area to solution dilution dilution
chamber available with be required (ml) (ml)
(m2) stack sprayed (Ltrs)
(m2) (m2)
880 12 670 210 6.300 42 63
880 11 614 266 7.980 53 80
880 10 558 322 9.660 64 97
880 9 502 378 11.340 76 113
880 8 447 433 12.990 87 130
880 7 391 489 14.670 98 147
880 6 335 545 16.350 109 163
880 5 279 601 18.030 120 180
880 4 223 657 19.710 131 197
880 3 167 713 21.390 143 214
880 2 112 768 23.040 154 130
880 1 56 824 24.720 165 247
880 0 0 880 26.400 176 264
Spray on walls (Standard 1670 MT chamber) & Platforms (5000 MT godown):
Details Rail-fed Godown Road-fed Godown
Wall Platform Wall Platform
Total Area 872 m 2 384 m2 778 m 2 309 m2
20% of area 174 m2 77m2 156 m2 62 m2
Prepared soln required 5.230 L 2.310 4.680 L 1.860
Chemicals to be used at 34.9 ml 15.4 ml 31.2 ml 12.4 ml
1:150 dilution
Chemicals to be used at 52.3 ml 23.1 ml 46.8 ml 18.6 ml
1:100 dilution
Institute of Food Security, FCI, Gurugram Page 56
Training Study Material (QC) 2020–21
Air-charging (Standard 1670 MT chamber):
Doses = 270 m3 with /Liter of prepared (diluted) solution
Rail-fed godown
Volume No of Stack Effective Prepared At 1:150 At 1:100
of stacks volume[m3] volume solution dilution dilution
chamber available (m3) required (ml) (ml)
(m3) (size 9.15 (Ltrs)
× 6.1×4)
7184 12 2679 4505 16.680 111 167
7184 11 2456 4728 17.510 117 175
7184 10 2233 4951 18.340 112 183
7184 9 2009 5175 19.170 128 192
7184 8 1786 5398 19.990 133 200
7184 7 1563 5621 20.820 139 208
7184 6 1340 5844 21.640 144 216
7184 5 1116 6068 22.470 150 225
7184 4 893 6291 23.300 155 233
7184 3 670 6514 24.130 161 241
7184 2 447 6737 24.950 166 250
7184 1 223 6961 25.780 172 258
7184 0 0 7184 26.610 177 266
Road-fed godown
Volume No of Stack Effective Prepared At 1:150 At 1:100
of stacks volume volume solution dilution dilution
chamber available [m3] (m3) required (ml) (ml)
(m3) (size 9.15 (Ltrs)
× 6.1×4)
6524 12 2679 3845 14.240 95 142
6524 11 2456 4068 15.070 100 151
6524 10 2233 4291 15.890 106 159
6524 9 2009 4515 16.720 111 167
6524 8 1786 4738 17.550 117 175
6524 7 1563 4961 18.370 122 184
6524 6 1340 5184 19.200 128 192
6524 5 1116 5408 20.030 134 200
6524 4 893 5631 20.860 139 209
6524 3 670 5854 21.680 145 217
6524 2 447 6077 22.510 150 225
6524 1 223 6301 23.340 156 233
6524 0 0 6524 24.160 161 242
Note: For empty chambers or chambers having very less stock, surface treatment only
should be preferred.
Institute of Food Security, FCI, Gurugram Page 57