Guidelines for project report/thesis

DELHI TECHNICAL CAMPUS, Greater Noida

(Affiliated Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi)

1. GUIDELINES FOR WRITING THE REPORT

Language English (unless otherwise specified in the course curriculum)

Paper size A4
Margins The text of the document must be justified.
The left margin should be of 2 inches and 1 inches for right, top as well as bottom.
Typing On one side of page only.
The text will follow line spacing of 1.5 lines.
Table and figures, tabular material as necessary and appendix material as appropriate may be
single space.
FONT
REGULAR TEXT - Times Roman 12 pts. and normal print.
CHAPTER HEADING - Times Roman 16 pts., bold print and all
capitals in middle align for example:

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
SECTION HEADINGS - Times Roman 12 pts., bold print and all
capitals
SUBSECTION HEADINGS- Times Roman 12 pts., bold print and leading
capitals. ie. Only first letter in each word
should be in capital Single line spacing should

Centred material is to be centred between the left and right margins. The first line of all
paragraphs of running text will be indented 0.5 inches.
Pagination Each page must be numbered, except the Title Page.
The pre pages—including the Copyright Page, Faculty Guide Approval Page, Acknowledgement,
Table of Contents, List of Tables, List of Figures and Abstract (if any) —will be numbered with
lower-case Roman numerals (ii, iii, iv, etc.) centred from the bottom edge of the page. The first
page that will show a page number is page ii.
All remaining pages carry consecutive numerals (1, 2, 3, etc.). The page number will be placed in
the lower right-hand corner of the page, right aligned.
Tables and Each table of figure should be placed immediately after the paragraph in which it is mentioned. If
figures it has a separate page, this page should be the one following the page on which the table/figure
was first mentioned.
Tables and figures are numbered in separate series. Each table and figure, including any in the
appendices, has a number in its own series. Each series is numbered consecutively within chapters
(e.g., Figure 10.1, Figure 10.2, and Figure 10.3).
Each table and figure will be separately numbered. All titles/captions of Table & Figures will
appear in the pre pages in the List of Tables and List of Figures.
Position-
Either on whole page or middle alignment
References In the text, e.g. [1], [2]…. At the end of the study, provide a section headed ‘References’ in which
the references are listed according to their appereance. Include references for electronic sources of
 information e.g. web pages. For further detail, see Appendix.
The first line of the citation starts at the left margin and the second and subsequent lines of that
citation are indented 0.5 inches. The referencing style to be used as per the format. The format for
the references shall be given separately by each faculty.
Appendices Appendices contain supplementary or illustrative material or explanatory data too lengthy to be
included in the text or not immediately essential to the readers’ understanding of the text.
Appendices should be lettered in the order in which they are referred.

Annexure

· Use of spelling and grammar software is strongly recommended. “Spell-check” cannot identify correctly spelt
words in the wrong context. For example, typing “he” in place of “the” may alter the meaning of the sentence
but the spell-check will not indicate this, so re-read the text written.
· Except for acronyms do not use ALL CAPITALS.
· Do not use underlining.
· Use italics for emphasis or if the phrase is non-English.

In general, the File should be comprehensive and include:

Introduction
Here a brief introduction to the problem that is central to the project and an outline of the structure of the rest of the
report should be provided. It is the first chapter of the report, the purpose of an introduction in the project report is
to justify the reasons for writing about the report. The goal in this section is to introduce the topic to the reader,
provide an overview of previous research on the topic, and identify the own hypothesis. It can be noted here that the
introduction should not contain every bit of detail in the report, and it should not include support for the report. An
introduction might, however, include the reasons for supporting the report. The introduction should aim to catch the
imagination of the reader, so excessive details should be avoided.

Literature Review
Literature survey/review is the documentation of a comprehensive review of the published and unpublished work
from secondary data sources. The library is a rich storage base for secondary data and researchers can go through
books, journals, newspapers, magazines, conference proceedings, doctoral dissertations, master's theses,
government publications and financial reports to find information on their research topic. With computerized
databases now readily available and accessible the literature search is much speedier and easier and can be done
without entering the portals of a library building. Survey of literature related to the project work. e.g. research
papers published in national and international journals, conferences, related books, websites is very important to get
hold of the project topic.

Project Design and Implementation

This section should aim at experimental designs, materials used. Methodology should be mentioned in details
including modifications if any.

 Approach to design: A design approach will guide you to achieve the overall goal of the design. The
key to design approach is clear understanding of what you want to achieve. The basic idea of the design
approach is to understand the context in and the constraints under which a design solution will be
produced. For finding an appropriate design approach you need to:
o Investigate possibilities and constraints
o Define problem spaces
o Build and redefine the specifications of design solutions to test the ideas in a real world
context
o Prototype/Simulate possible scenarios that can incrementally or significantly improve the inherited
situation
 o Understanding the current style and trend

 Simulation/Experimentation: The act of simulating something generally entails representing certain

key characteristics or behaviors of a selected physical or abstract system. Simulation is used in many
contexts, such as simulation of technology for performance optimization, testing and verification of
results. If the project involves the usage of a particular software tool e.g MATLAB, VHDL or a
programming Language like C, JAVA, then the simulated results as well as a brief overview of the tool
or features of the language should be presented in the project report. In case the project involves
hardware tools and equipments, a brief summary of the specifications and experimentation results
should be presented.

Experiments should measure:

· Pure running time
· Sensitivity to important parameters
· Scalability in various aspects: data size, problem complexity.
Experiments should show:
· Absolute performance (i.e., it's acceptable/usable)
· Relative performance in comparison to previous approaches
· Relative performance among different proposed approaches

Discussion of Results
The purpose of discussion is to interpret the results in light of what was already known about the topic of the
project, and to explain new understanding of the problem after taking the results into consideration. It should
discuss the implications of those results. The discussion will always connect to the Introduction, but it does not
simply repeat or rearrange the Introduction. Instead, it tells how the study has moved forward from the place it
left, at the end of the Introduction. It can include:
· What can be the next step in the projects, e.g., what experiments would you do next?
· Organize the Discussion to address each of the experiments/studies for which results were presented.
· Consider how the results of others studies may be combined to derive a new or perhaps better
substantiated understanding of the project.

Presentation of Results and Analysis

An integrated results analysis is crucial for a project. Student with his insight and understanding of the goals,
strategies, environments, and challenges of the project can analyze and put the results in context. While presenting
the results, write at length about the various statistical tools used in the data interpretation. The result interpretation
should be simple but full of data and statistical analysis. This data interpretation should be congruence with the
written objectives and the inferences should be drawn on data and not on impression. Avoid writing straight
forward conclusion result; it should lead to generalization of data on the chosen sample. The integrated results
analysis should satisfy the following guidelines. It should:
· be relevant and significant
· be comparable to the existing references.
· be presented in a clear and understandable format
· focus on results and achievements
· compare planned to actual results
· describe variations and uncertainties
· include simulation and experimentation results
· if analysis is made under any assumptions, they should be clearly described

Conclusion
A conclusion should be the final section in which the outcome of the work is mentioned briefly. Check that your
work answers the following questions:
 Did the research project meet its aims (check back to introduction for stated aims)?
  What are the main findings of the research?
 Are there any recommendations?

Future prospects
State the aspects of the problem that have not been considered and possibilities for further enhancements. This
section shows how the work done can set new research directions. If you're actively engaged in follow-up work or
plan to pursue further work on the subject, mention that.

References / Bibliography
References:
Referencing is necessary to avoid plagiarism, to verify quotations and to enable readers to follow-up. Indicate
references by number(s) sequentially in square brackets [ ] in the order in which they appear in the text.
Examples:

For Journals
[1] J. F. Fuller, E. F. Fuchs, and K. J. Roesler, "Influence of harmonics on power distribution system protection,"
IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, vol. 3, pp. 549-557, Apr. 1988.

For Book
[2] E. Clarke, Circuit Analysis of AC Power Systems, vol. I. New York: Wiley, 1950, p. 81.
[3] G. O. Young, "Synthetic structure of industrial plastics," in Plastics, 2nd ed., vol. 3, J. Peters, Ed. New York:
McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15-64.

For Technical Reports:

[4] E. E. Reber, R. L. Mitchell, and C. J. Carter, "Oxygen absorption in the Earth's atmosphere," Aerospace Corp.,
Los Angeles, CA, Tech. Rep. TR-0200 (4230-46)-3, Nov. 1968.
[5] S. L. Talleen. (1996, Apr.). The Intranet Architecture: Managing information in the new
paradigm. Amdahl Corp.,Sunnyvale, CA. [Online].Available: [Link]
infra/html

For Conference Proceedings

[6] J. L. Alqueres and J. C. Praca, "The Brazilian power system and the challenge of the Amazon transmission," in
Proc. 1991 IEEE Power Engineering Society Transmission and Distribution Conf., pp. 315-320.

For Dissertations:
[7] S. Hwang, "Frequency domain system identification of helicopter rotor dynamics incorporating models with
time periodic coefficients," Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Aerosp. Eng., Univ. Maryland, College Park, 1997.

For Standards:
[8] IEEE Guide for Application of Power Apparatus Bushings, IEEE Standard C57.19.100-1995, Aug. 1995.

For Patents:
[9] G. Brandli and M. Dick, "Alternating current fed power supply," U.S. Patent 4 084 217, Nov. 4, 1978.

Equations
The numbering of equations should be sequential, chapter wise. Numbered equations must be explicitly referred to
in the text.

Individual Report
If the project work is carried out in a group, each student is required to submit an individual report of his/her unique
contribution in the completion of the project work. This individual report should include a brief overview of the
project as well as the individual role of the project member in the successful accomplishment of the sole objective of
the project.

Submitting the Report

For the purpose of the viva voce exam, plan on one hard copy each for the students, and office copies as per details
under “No. of Reports to be Submitted”. All hard copies must be identical from cover to cover. Please follow these
steps:
· Submit the draft of the project report (Spiral bound) at the time of Internal End Semester Presentation. After the
presentation, the modifications suggested if any, by the Evaluation board, maybe incorporated before final viva
and presentation (External Examination).
 PROJECT REPORT (ES 451)
ON
TITLE (CAPITAL, BOLD, TIMES NEW ROMAN, FONT 16)
CONTINUES TITLE IF REQUIRED
Submitted for partial fulfilment of award of the degree of
Bachelor of Technology
In
AIML

Submitted by

Student Name – Roll No (Bold, Times New Roman, Font 14)

Student Name – Roll No (Bold, Times New Roman, Font 14)
Student Name – Roll No (Bold, Times New Roman, Font 14)
Student Name – Roll No (Bold, Times New Roman, Font 14)

Under the Guidance of

Guide Name (Bold, Times New Roman, Font 14)
Designation (Bold, Times New Roman, Font 12)

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

DELHI TECHNICAL CAMPUS, GREATER NOIDA

(Affiliated Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi)
Session 2025-2026 (EVEN SEM)
 DECLARATION BY THE STUDENT

1. The work contained in this Project Report is original and has been done by us under the

guidance of my supervisor.

2. The work has been submitted to any other University or Institute for the award of any

other degree or diploma.

3. We have followed the guidelines provided by the university in the preparing the

Report.

4. We have confirmed to the norms and guidelines in the ethical code of conduct of the

University

5. Whenever we used materials (data, theoretical analysis, figure and texts) from other

sources, we have given due credit to them by citing them in the text of the report and

giving their details in the reference. Further, we have taken permission from the

copywrite owners of the sources, whenever necessary.

6. The plagiarism of the report is __________% i.e below 20 percent.

Student Signature Name (s)

Greater Noida

Date
 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY

On the basis of declaration submitted by …………….., student(s) of [Link], I hereby

certify that the project titled “………………………………………… ………...” which is

submitted to, DELHI TECHNICAL CAMPUS, Greater Noida, in partial fulfilment of the

requirement for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology in CSE, is an original

contribution with existing knowledge and faithful record of work carried out by him/them under

my guidance and supervision.

To the best of my knowledge this work has not been submitted in part or full for any Degree or

Diploma to this University or elsewhere.

Date

( Project Guide)
Designation
Department of AI
DELHI TECHNICAL CAMPUS
Greater Noida
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, I am deeply grateful to Name of Supervisor, my project supervisor, for their

valuable guidance, support, and encouragement throughout this journey. Their expertise and

insights were instrumental in shaping the direction of this project.

I would also like to extend my appreciation to the faculty and staff of the Department Name at

College Name for providing me with the necessary resources and knowledge to undertake this

project.

Finally, I would like to acknowledge any other specific people, institutions, or organizations for

their assistance in specific aspects of the project, such as data collection, lab access, or technical

support.

Name of Student(s) (Roll Number)

 CONSENT FORM

This is to certify that I/We, …………………………….., student of [Link] of . . . . . . (year-

batch) presently in the VIII/VII Semester at DELHI TECHNICAL CAMPUS, Greater Noida give

my/our consent to include all my/our personal details, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Name, Enrolment ID) for all accreditation purposes.

Place: Name Student (Enrolment Number)

Date:
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No. Figure Name Page No.

Figure 1.1 Description of the fig 2
Figure 1.2 Description of the fig 4
 LIST OF TABLES

Table No. Table Name Page No.

Table 1.1 Description of the table 2
Table 1.2 Description of the table 4
 LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATION

S. No. Symbols and Abbreviation

6
 DELHI TECHNICAL CAMPUS
(Affiliated Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi)

Greater Noida

CONTENTS

Candidate’s declaration i
Certificate of originality ii
Abstract iii
Acknowledgement iv
Consent Form v
Contents vi
List of Figures vii
List of Tables viii
List of Symbols and Abbreviation ix

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1-25

1.1 General Topics 1 (Introduction of the project) 1

1.2 General Topic 2 (Research Gaps) 1

1.3 General Topic 3 (Literature Survey) 2

1.4 General Topic 4 (Configuration/ Methodology) 6

1.4.1 Sub topic 1 7

1.4.2 Sub Topic 2 7

CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 26-50

Note: In your chapters, these listed subheadings may accomplished

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
Background
Objectives
Purpose
Scope
Applicability
Achievements
Organization of Report

CHAPTER 2 SURVEY OF TECHNOLOGIES/LITERATURE REVIEW/PROBLEM STATEMENT

Problem Definition
Previous work (at least 10 papers/articles/websites)

CHAPTER 3 REQUIREMENTS AND ANALYSIS

Requirements Specification
Planning and Scheduling
Software and Hardware Requirements
Preliminary Product Description

CHAPTER 4 SYSTEM DESIGN

Conceptual Models
Basic Modules
Data Design
Project Structure
Schema Design
Data Integrity and Constraints
Procedural Design
Logic Diagrams
Data Structures
Algorithms Design
User interface design

CHAPTER 5 IMPLEMENTATION AND CODING

Implementation Approaches
Coding Details and Code Efficiency
Code Efficiency

CHAPTER 6 SOFTWARE TESTING

Testing Approach
Unit Testing
Integrated Testing
Test Cases Design
Modifications and Improvements

CHAPTER 7 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Running Project Screen Shot
Test Reports
User Documentation
Security Issues

CHAPTER 8 CONCLUSIONS
 Conclusion
Limitations of the System

FUTURE SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

REFERENCES

INDIVIDUAL REPORT

GLOSSARY/BIBLIOGRAPHY

RESEARCH PAPER

PLAG REPORT OF THESIS

PLAG REPORT OF RESEARCH PAPER