Assignments in Mathematics Class IX (Term 2)

14. STATISTICS

IMPORTANT TERMS, DEFINITIONS AND RESULTS

l The facts or figures, which are numerical or Thus in the case of classes 5 – 10, 10 – 15, 15 – 20,
otherwise, collected with a definite purpose are ....,
called data. Data is the plural form of the Latin True lower limit of the class 10 – 15 = 10
word ‘datum’. True upper limit of the class 10 – 15 = 15
l Statistics is the area of study dealing with the pre- In the case of class 1 – 10, 11 – 20, 21 – 30, ...
sentation, analysis and interpretation of data. True lower limit of the class 11 – 20 = 11 – 0.5
l The data which are collected by an investigator = 10.5
personally to fulfill his objective is called primary True upper limit of the class 11 – 20 = 20 + 0.5
data. = 20.5
l The data which are collected by someone else but

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True upper limits and true lower limits are also
used by the investigator for his own purpose is known as boundaries of the classes.

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called secondary data. l The difference between the true upper limit and
l Putting the data in the form of tables, in con-
the true lower limit of a class is called the size of
densed form, is known as the presentation of

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the class.
data.
l The value which lies midway between lower and
l The number of times an observation occurs is
upper limits of a class is known as its mid-value
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called its frequency.
or class mark.
l The tabular arrangement of data, showing the
frequency of each observation, is called a i.e., Class mark
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frequency distribution. lower limit of class + upper limit of class

There are two types of frequency distributions. =
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l (a) Exclusive form (or continuous form) :
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l The difference of the highest and the lowest val-

A frequency distribution in which upper ues in the data is called the range of the data.
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limit of each class is excluded and lower

limit is included, is called an exclusive l Bar Diagram or Bar Graph
A set of bars (thick lines or narrow rectangles)
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form.
We may consider the classes : 0 – 10, representing variable and frequency constitute a
10 – 20, etc. In class 0 – 10 we include 0 bar graph. The following points should be kept in
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and exclude 10. In class 10 – 20, we in- mind while drawing bar graphs.
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clude 10 and exclude 20. (i) The bars should be at equal distances from
(b) Inclusive form (or discontinuous form) : each other.
A frequency distribution in which each up- (ii) All the bars in a diagram should be of the
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per limit as well as lower limit is included, same width.

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is called an inclusive form. Thus, we have

(iii) Both axes should be adequately labelled.
classes of the form 0 – 10, 11 – 20, 21 – 30,
etc. In 0 – 10, both 0 and 10 are included. l Histogram
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We use a histogram to represent grouped data by

Each group into which the raw data is condensed,
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l
representing class boundaries along the horizon-
is called a class interval. Each class is bounded by
tal axis and the corresponding frequencies along
two figures, which are called class limits. The fig-
ure on the left side of a class is called its lower the vertical axis. Thus, rectangles are constructed
limit and that on the right is called its upper limit. with base as the class size and their heights
representing the frequencies.
l In the case of exclusive classes the upper and
l Frequency Polygon
lower limits are respectively known as its true
upper limits and true lower limits. A frequency polygon is obtained by joining the
But in the case of inclusive classes, the true lower mid-points of the respective tops of the rect-
and upper limits are obtained by subtracting 0.5 angles in a histogram. To complete the polygon
from the lower limit and adding 0.5 to the upper join the mid-points of two more classes (called
limit. imaginary classes) one at each end.

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 l If x1, x2, x3, ..., xn are n observations, then l Median is the middle item in the arrayed data.
− x + x2 + x3 + ... + xn Σx ⎛ n + 1⎞
Mean ( x ) = 1 or Median = ⎜ ⎟ th item, if n is odd.
n n ⎝ 2 ⎠
l If x1, x2, x3, ..., xn are n observations and f1, f2, f3, .... Median
fn their corresponding frequencies, then
f1 x1 + f2 x2 + f3 x3 + ... fn xn Σ( fx ) ⎡n ⎛n ⎞ ⎤
− = = Mean of ⎢ th item + ⎜ + 1 ⎟ th item ⎥ , if n is even.
Mean ( x ) =
f1 + f2 + f3 + .... + fn Σf ⎣2 ⎝2 ⎠ ⎦
Σd l Mode is the most frequently occurring observation.
−
l x =A+ , where A is the assumed mean, Empirical Formula for mode is
n
d = x – A and n is the number of observations. Mode = 3 Median – 2 Mean

SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS [1 Mark]

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A. Important Questions

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1. The mean age of 5 students of a class is 10 years. 9. Range of the data
If one student is excluded from the class, the new 25.7, 16.3, 2.8, 21.7, 24.3, 22.7, 24.9 is :

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mean age becomes 9 years. The age of student
(a) 22 (b) 22.9 (c) 21.7 (d) 20.5
who is excluded from the class is :
10. The median of first six whole numbers is :
(a) 11 years (b) 12 years
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(a) 2 (b) 2.5 (c) 3 (d) 4.5
(c) 13 years (d) 14 years
11. Class-marks of (30-40) and (60-70) are :
2. The ratio between upper limit and lower limit of
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a class is 3 : 2. If the class mark is 15, then lower (a) 35 and 60 (b) 30 and 65
limit of the class-interval is : (c) 35 and 65 (d) 40 and 70
(a) 9 (b) 12 (c) 15 (d) 18 12. Two students scored following marks (out of 10
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marks) in five different subjects :

3. For x = – 1, the mode of data x + 1, 0, x + 2, x + 3
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and x + 4 is : Student I : 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3 Student II : 3, 3, 3, 4, 8
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4. A cricket player has a mean score of 50 runs in Which student scored better ?
the four innings. How many runs to be scored by (a) I (b) II
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the player in the fifth innings to raise the mean (c) both (d) information is not sufficient
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score by five ? 13. The mean of perimeters of two squares having

(a) 25 (b) 50 (c) 75 (d) 100 sides x units and y units is :
5. The mean of the prime factors of 24 is : (x + y)
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(a) (x + y) units (b) units

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10 9 5 17
(a) (b) (c) (d) (x + y)
3 4 2 3 (c) 2 (x + y) units (d) units
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6. The mode of the following data 44, 40, 40, 41,

45, 43, 45, 40, 41 is : 14. The mean weight of 10 students in a class is
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(a) 40 (b) 41 (c) 43 (d) 44 50 kg. If the sum of the weights of 9 students is
453 kg, the weight of 10th student is :
7. If lower limit and upper limit of a class are in the
ratio 3 : 5 and its class size is 6, then the class- (a) 53 kg (b) 50 kg (c) 47 kg (d) 43 kg
mark of this class is : 15. For x = 1, the median of data x, x + 1, x – 1, x + 3
(a) 3 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 12 and x + 2 is :
8. x + 8, x and x – 3 are the frequencies of three (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
numbers 5, 8 and 10 respectively. If their arith- 16. The mean of three numbers is 4. If two of the
metic mean is 6, then the value of x is : numbers are 1 and 2, then the third number is :
(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 5.5 (d) 6 (a) 4 (b) 8 (c) 9 (d) 11

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17. The class marks of a frequency distribution are 29. The mean temperature of 30 days was taken as
given as follows : 15°C, but later it was found that temperature of
15, 20, 25, ... one day was noted as 16°C instead of 13°C. The
correct mean is :
The class corresponding to the class mark 20 is:
(a) 14.5°C (b) 14.4°C (c) 14.9°C (d) 13°C
(a) 12.5 – 17.5 (b) 17.5 – 22.5
30. The median of first 10 even numbers is :
(c) 18.5 – 21.5 (d) 19.5 – 20.5
(a) 10 (b) 10.5 (c) 11 (d) 11.5
18. In the class intervals 10-20, 20-30, the number
20 is included in : 31. Numbers 7, 8, 3x + 2, 5x – 4, 40, 41 are given in
ascending order. If the median of the data is 15,
(a) 10–20 (b) 20–30 then the value of x is :
(c) both the intervals (d) none of these
(a) 3 (b) 3.5 (c) 4 (d) 4.5
19. If each observation of a data is increased by 5,
32. The mean marks obtained by 15 students in a class
then their mean :
is 73. If the marks of each student are doubled,
(a) remains the same then the new mean marks is :
(b) becomes 5 times the original mean (a) 30 (b) 75 (c) 146 (d) 103
(c) is decreased by 5 33. The median of first 49 whole numbers is :

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(d) is increased by 5 (a) 24 (b) 25 (c) 26 (d) 48

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20. The class mark of the class 90-120 is : 34. The median of first 49 natural numbers is :
(a) 90 (b) 105 (c) 115 (d) 120 (a) 24 (b) 25 (c) 27 (d) 30

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21. The range of the data 25, 18, 20, 22, 16, 6, 17, 35. If the mean of three consecutive numbers is 3,
15, 12, 30, 32, 10, 19, 8, 11, 20 is : then the median of these numbers is :

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(a) 10 (b) 15 (c) 18 (d) 26 (a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6
22. In a frequency distribution, the mid value of a 36. The mean age of 5 students of a class is 10 years.
class is 10 and the width of the class is 6. The If one student is added to the class, the new mean
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lower limit of the class is : age becomes 11 years. The age of the student who
(a) 6 (b) 7 (c) 8 (d) 12 is added to the class is :
(a) 12 years (b) 15 years
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23. The marks obtained by 17 students in a math-

ematics test (out of 100) are given below : (c) 16 years (d) 14 years
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91, 82, 100, 100, 96, 65, 82, 76, 79, 90, 46, 64, 37. If the class-mark and class-size of a class are 6
72, 68, 66, 48, 49. and 2 respectively, then the upper limit of the class
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is :
The range of the data is :
(a) 2 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 7
(a) 46 (b) 54 (c) 90 (d) 100
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38. The mean of first five prime numbers is :

24. The class-mark of the class 130-150 is :
(a) 5.6 (b) 6.5 (c) 5.2 (d) 6.8
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(a) 130 (b) 135 (c) 140 (d) 145 39. The average area of two rectangles having dimen-
25. The median of the data 78, 56, 22, 34, 45, 54, 39, sions as (3 units × 4 units) and (4 units × 5 units)
68, 54, 84 is : is :
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(a) 45 (b) 49.5 (c) 54 (d) 56 (a) 12 sq units (b) 14 sq units

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26. For drawing a frequency polygon of a continous (c) 16 sq units (d) 20 sq units
frequency distribution, we plot the points whose 40. The mean of class-marks of (20– 30) and
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ordinates are the frequencies of the respective (30– 40) is :

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classes and abscissae are respectively. (a) 20 (b) 30 (c) 40 (d) 35

(a) upper limits of the classes 41. The mean of 15 numbers is 18 and the mean of
(b) lower limits of the classes 10 numbers is 13. The mean of all the 25 num-
bers is :
(c) class marks of the classes
(a) 16 (b) 16.5 (c) 12 (d) none of these
(d) upper limits of preceeding classes
42. The sum of first n natural numbers is given by
27. Median of the numbers 4, 4, 5, 7, 6, 7, 7, 12, 3 is:
(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 7 n(n +1)
. The mean of first 100 natural numbers
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28. Mode of the data 15, 14, 19, 20, 14, 15, 16, 14,
15, 18, 14, 19, 15, 17, 15 is : is :
(a) 14 (b) 15 (c) 16 (d) 17 (a) 101 (b) 50.5 (c) 50 (d) 100

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 B. Questions From CBSE Examination Papers

1. If the mean of the data x, x + 1, x + 3, x + 6 is 19.5, 26.5, 33.5, 40.5, then the class correspond-
ing to the class mark 33.5 is : [T-II (2011)]
15
, then the value of x is : [T-II (2011)] (a) 16–23 (b) 23–30
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(c) 30–37 (d) 37–41
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6
7. Class mark of class interval 60–70 is :
2. The class mark of the class 100 – 150 is :
[T-II (2011)] [T-II (2011)]
(a) 100 (b) 125 (c) 130 (d) 150 (a) 60 (b) 70 (c) 65 (d) 75

3. Class mark of a particular class is 10.5 and class 8. The mean of 10 numbers is 55. If one number is
size is 7, then the class interval is : [T-II (2011)] excluded, their mean becomes 50, the excluded
(a) 10.5–17.5 (b) 3.5–10.5 number is : [T-II (2011)]
(c) 7–17.5 (d) 7–14 (a) 60 (b) 70 (c) 80 (d) 100

4. The mean of a, b is 8.5 and mean of a, b, c is 7. 9. Class mark of a particular class is 6.5 and class

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The value of c is : [T-II (2011)] size is 3, then class interval is : [T-II (2011)]

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(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 9 (a) 5–8 (b) 6.5–9.5
(c) 3.5–6.5 (d) 4.25
5. Median of the data 5, 9, 8, 6, 3, 5, 7, 12, 15 is :

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[T-II (2011)] 10. The range of the data 25.7, 16.3, 2.8, 21.7, 24.3,
(a) 3 (b) 6 (c) 5 (d) 7 AK 22.7, 24.9 is : [T-II (2011)]
6. If the class marks in a frequency distribution are (a) 22 (b) 22.9 (c) 21.7 (d) 20.5
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SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS [2 Marks]

A. Important Questions
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1. Is it correct to say that in a histogram, the area of 7. Observe the data : 16, 9, 3, 9, 9, 3, 2. Since, 16 is
each rectangle is proportional to the class size of the highest value in the observation, so the mode
the corresponding class interval ? Justify your of the data is 16. Is it correct ?
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answer. 8. Find the mean of first 10 whole numbers.

2. A student was asked to find the median of the
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9. The mean of 10, 12, 18, 13, x and 17 is 15. Find

data : 3, 14, 18, 20, 5. He writes the answer as 18. the value of x.
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Is this the correct median ? If not, find the cor-

10. What is the median of first 19 natural numbers ?
rect median of the data.
11. The mean of 5 numbers is 27. If one of the num-
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3. The mean of a data is x . What will be the new bers is excluded, the mean of remaining numbers
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mean if each value of the data is increased by is 25. Find the excluded number.
a? 12. Find the median of first ten prime numbers.
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4. In a histogram, the areas of the rectangles are pro- 13. In a test in mathematics, 12 students scored the
portional to the frequencies. Can we say that the
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following marks (out of 100) :

lengths of the rectangles are also proportional to
the frequencies ? 46, 52, 40, 98, 44, 48, 11, 41, 53, 54, 62, 96.
5. Find the median of the following numbers. 2, 3, Which average will be a good representative of
7, 11, 10, 9,9, 5, 2. the above data ? Justify your answer.
6. The ages (in years) of 8 children are given below: 14. The class marks of a continuous distribution are
1.04, 1.14, 1.24, 1.34, 1.44, 1.54 and 1.64. What
15, 15, 16, 15, 15, 16, 14, 14. Find the modal
will be the last class interval of the distribution ?
age.

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 B. Questions From CBSE Examination
1. The weights, in grams of 30 oranges picked at observations is 20. If the mean of all 15 observa-
random from a basket are given below: tions is 19, find the 8th observation.
[T-II (2011)]
70, 110, 119, 81, 158, 144, 125, 120, 155, 90,
11. If the mean of the data 6, 8, 10, 3, 7 and m is 7,
102, 62, 98, 156, 145, 150, 135. 140, 82, 125,
then find the value of m. [T-II (2011)]
61, 85, 117, 121, 121, 130, 65, 69, 92, 100.
12. Give one example of a situation in which
Construct the continunous grouped frequency (i) the mean is an appropriate measure of
distribution table, width of each class being 20 central tendency.
grams and first class being 60–80 (80 not in- (ii) the mean is not an appropriate measure of
cluded). [T-II (2011)] central tendency but the median is an
appropriate measure of central tendency.
2. Find the mean of first 10 natural numbers.
[T-II (2011)]
[T-II (2011)]
13. The meadian of following observations ar-
3. Average monthly consumption of petrol for first
ranged in ascending order is 25. Find x.

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3 months is 86 litres and for next 9 months is 152
11, 13, 15, 19, x + 2, x + 4, 30, 35, 39, 46.
litres. Find the average consumption for the whole

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[T-II (2011)]
year. [T-II (2011)]
4. Find the mean of first 10 prime numbers. 14. Find median of following data : 17, 23, 57, 46,

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[T-II (2011)] 33, 29, 28, 30, 34. If observation 23 is removed
5. The following observations have been arranged from data then find new median. [T-II (2011)]
in ascending order. If median of the data is 23.5,
find the value of x. [T-II (2011)]
12, 16, 17, 19, x, x + 3, 27, 37, 38, 40
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observations are 16, 20, 18, 17, 22, 16, 15, 20,
17. Find the tenth observation. [T-II (2011)]
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6. The mean marks scored by 100 students was 40 .
Later on, it was discovered that a score of 53 was 16. Find the mean of first five prime numbers
misread as 83. Find the correct mean marks. [T-II (2011)]
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[T-II (2011)] 17. Find the median of the following data :

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7. Find the mean of 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 14. If 5 is added to

each oservation, what will be the new mean? 15, 35, 18, 27, 19, 23, 29, 20, 28 [T-II (2011)]
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[T-II (2011)] 18. Find the median of the following data :

8. Find the mean of the first eight prime numbers.
23, 31, 47, 24, 46, 27, 37, 30. [T-II (2011)]
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[T-II (2011)]
9. Find the median of data : 26, 56, 32, 33, 60, 17, 19. If the mean of 10, 12, 18, 11, p and 19 is 15, find
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34, 29 and 45. If 26 is replaced by 62, find the the value of p. [T-II (2011)]
new median. [T-II (2011)] 20. Find the median of first ten prime numbers.
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10. The mean of first 8 observations is 18 and last 8 [T-II (2011)]

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SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS [3 Marks]

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A. Important Questions
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1. The median of the observations 26, 29, 42, 53, 3. The mean of 70 observations was found to be
x, x + 2, 70, 75, 82, 93 arranged in ascending 150. While checking, it was detected that one
order is 65. Find the value of x : value 210 was wrongly copied as 140, while
2. The following data represents height (in cm) of calculating the mean. Find the correct mean.
20 students of a class : 4. The class marks of a distribution are 6, 10, 14,
132, 130, 134, 135, 130, 131, 134, 135, 133, 18, 22, 26, 30. Find the class size and the class
133, 130, 131, 133, 136, 135, 134, 130, 133, intervals.
129, 136. 5. If the median of the data 11, 12, 14, 18, x + 2,
Make a frequency table for the above x + 4, 30, 32, 35 and 41 arranged in ascending
information : order is 24, find x.

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6. The points scored by a basket ball team in a se- 10. For what value of x the mode of the following
ries of matches are as follows : data is 15 ?
17, 2, 7, 27, 25, 5, 14, 18, 10, 24, 48, 10, 8, 7, 10, 15, 16, 17, 13, 17, 16, 15, x + 10, 14, 17, 16, 15
28. 11. A class consists of 50 students. Out of which 30
Find the median and the mode for the data. are girls. The mean of marks scored by girls in a
7. Find the mean of the following data : test is 73 and that of boys is 71. Find the mean
score of the whole class.
x 4 6 8 10 12 12. Observe the following table :
f 4 8 14 11 3 x 5 15 25 35 45
8. The mean of 15 numbers is 9. If each observa- f 3 p 15 8 5
tion is multipled by 4, what will be the new mean?
If the mean of the data is 25.75, find the value
Give reason for your answer.
of p.
9. The mean of 13 observations is 14. If the mean
of the first 7 observations is 12, and that of the 13. If the mean of five observations x, x + 2, x + 4,
last 7 observations is 16, find the seventh obser- x + 6, x + 8 is 11, find the mean of first three

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vation. observations.

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B. Questions From CBSE Examination Papers
1. The following observations have been arranged 5. If the median of the data in ascending order : 30,

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in ascending order where median of the data is 32, 49, 50, 2x, 2x + 2, 73, 78, 85, 96 is 63, find x.
63 : Also, find the mean. [T-II (2011)]
6. Calculate the arithmetic mean of the following
29, 32, 48, 50, x, x + 2, 72, 78, 84, 95.
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Find the mean of the data. [T-II (2011)] data : [T-II (2011)]
2. The following table gives the life time 400 Marks obtained Number of students
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neon lamps : 40 3
Life time (in hrs) Number of lamps 88 5
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300 – 400 14 60 4
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400 – 500 56 52 7
500 – 600 60 63 6
600 – 700 86 75 2
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700 – 800 74 70 3
800 – 900 62 7. The mean of 14 values of a data is 23. If one
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900 – 1000 48 more value is introduced in the data, the mean of

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Represent the above information with the help 15 values becomes 25. Find the fifteenth value.
of a histogram. [T-II (2011)] [T-II (2011)]
3. Find the difference between median and mode 8. The mean of 50 observataions of a data was 70.
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of the following data : At later stage, it was noted that a value of 85 was
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wrongly read as 60. Find the value of the correct

4, 6, 5, 9, 3, 2, 7, 7, 6, 5, 4, 9, 10, 10, 3, 4, 7, 6, 9,
mean. [T-II (2011)]
9. [T-II (2011)]
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4. Find the arithmetic mean of the following table. 9. Find the average daily income of the employees
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of the company. [T-II (2011)]

Marks obtained Number of students
70 3 Daily income (Rs.) Number of employess
58 5 490 – 510 7
60 4 510 – 530 8
52 7 530 – 550 12
65 6
550 – 570 16
75 2
68 3 570 – 590 4
590 – 610 3
[T-II (2011)]

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10. Mean of 50 observations was found to be 80.4. 15. The mean weight per student in a group of 7 stu-
But later on it was discovered that 96 was mis- dents is 55 kg. The individual weights of 6 of
read as 69 at one place. Find the correct mean. If them in kg are 52, 54, 55, 53, 56, 54. Find the
to each observation a constant value k is added, weight of the seventh student. [T-II (2011)]
how is the mean affected ? [T-II (2011)] 16. If the mean of the following data is 20.2, find the
11. Find the mean salary of 50 workers of a factory value of p. [T-II (2011)]
from the following data. [T-II (2011)] p 10 15 20 25 30
Salary (in Rs.) Number of workers
f 6 8 p 10 6
2500 10
3000 7 17. The mean of 25 observations is 36. Out of these
observations, the mean of first 13 observations
4500 11 is 32 and that of the last 13 observations is 40.
5000 12 Find the 13th observation. [T-II (2011)]
6500 4 18. Find the mean of the following distribution :
7500 6 [T-II (2011)]

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12. The numbers 42, 43, 44, 44, (2x + 3), 45, 45, 46, x 4 6 9 10 15

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47, 49 are written in a ascending order and the
meadian is 45. Find x. Hence, find the mode of f 5 10 10 7 8
the above data. [T-II (2011)]

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19. The marks obtained by 40 students of calss IX in
13. Find the mean salary of 60 workers of a factory an examination are given below :
from the following table : [T-II (2011)]

Salary (in Rs.) No. of workers AK 18, 8, 12, 6, 8, 16, 12, 5, 23, 2, 16, 23, 2, 10, 20,
12, 9, 7, 6, 5, 3, 5, 13, 21, 13, 15, 20, 24, 1, 7, 21,
16, 13, 18, 23, 7, 3, 18, 17, 16.
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3000 16 Present the data in the form of a frequency
4000 12 distribution table of the same class size, one
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such class being 15–20. (where 20 is not

5000 10 included.) [T-II (2011)]
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6000 8 20. Find the mean for the weekly pocket money (in
rupees) using the following data.[T-II (2011)]
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7000 6
8000 4 Pocket money (in Rs.) Frequency
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55 8
9000 3
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50 3
10000 1
49 10
Total 60
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81 7
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14. The pass percentage of students of Class IX of a 48 3

school for 5 consecutive years is shown below : 57 7
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[T-II (2011)]
65 2
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Years Pass percentage

21. Find missing frequency p for the following dis-
2004 70 tribution whose mean is 15. [T-II (2011)]
2005 62 x: 5 10 15 20 25
2006 76 f: 6 p 6 10 5
2007 85
22. For what value of a the median of the following
2008 58 observation arranged in ascending order is 32?
Draw a bar graph (use graph sheet) to represent 12, 14, 15, 27, a + 2, a + 4, 35, 36, 40, 41
the above data. [T-II (2011)]

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23. In a mathematics test given to 15 students, the 30. The following is the distribution of weights
following marks out of 100 are recorded : (in kg) of 50 persons : [T-II (2011)]
41, 39, 48, 52, 46, 52, 54, 40, 96, 52, 98, 40,
42, 52, 60. Find the median and mode of this Weights (in kg) Number of persons
data. [T-II (2011)] 50 – 55 12
55 – 60 10
24. The mean of 25 observations is 36. If the mean
of the first 13 observation is 32 and that of last 60 – 65 9
13 observations is 39, find the 13th 65 – 70 7
observation. [T-II (2011)] 70 – 75 5
75 – 80 7
25. In a city, the weekly observation made in a
study on the cost of living index are given in Draw a histogram for the above data.
the following table : [T-II (2011)] 31. The following table gives the distribution of
students of two sections according to the marks
Cost of the living index No. of weeks obtained by them. [T-II (2011)]
140 – 150 5 Section A Section B
150 – 160 10 Marks Frequency Marks Frequency

N
160 – 170 20 0 – 10 2 0 – 10 5

HA
170 – 180 09 10 – 20 12 10 – 20 11
20 – 30 18 20 – 30 15
180 – 190 06
30 – 40 13 30 – 40 12

AS
190 – 200 02 40 – 50 5 40 – 50 7
Total 52 AK Represent the marks of the students of both the
sections on the same graph by two frequency
Draw the frequency polygon for the data given
polygons.
above.
PR

32. The heights of 50 students, measured to the

26. The mean of the following distribution is 50. nearest centimetres, have been found to be as
x 10 30 50 70 90 follows: [T-II (2011)]
S

135, 162, 173, 151, 176, 165, 162, 145, 171, 172,
f 17 5p + 3 32 7p–11 19 157, 161, 172, 158, 163, 175, 148, 173, 163, 159,
ER

160, 162, 172, 175, 176, 168, 167, 170, 172, 173,
Find the value of p. [T-II (2011)] 165, 151, 149, 169, 173, 138, 156, 148, 159, 166,
27. The following are the runs made by 22 players
TH

176, 151, 139, 146, 164, 173, 141, 142, 150, 159.
in a one day cricket series played between India Represent the data given above by a grouped
and Pakistan. frequency distribution table, taking class intervals
O

79, 28, 45, 99, 3, 46, 8, 0, 3, 7, 75, 24, 73, 122, as 160 – 165, 165 – 170 etc.
BR

46, 27, 16, 7, 100, 3, 67, 53. Construct a 33. The median of the following observations
frequency distribution table for the above data arranged in ascending order is 27. Find x.
with equal class intervals, one of these being 13, 15, 17, 21, x + 2, x + 4, 32, 41, and 48.
L

0–20 (20 not included). [T-II (2011)] [T-II (2011)]

YA

28. The mean of following distribution is 50. Find 34. Obtain the mean of the following data :
the value of b and hence find the frequency of [T-II (2011)]
O

30 and 70. [T-II (2011)] Variable (xi) 4 6 8 10 12

G

x 10 30 50 70 90 Frequency (fi ) 4 8 14 11 3
f 17 (5b + 3) 32 (7b –11) 19 35. Construct a histogram for the following data :
[T-II (2011)]
29. The distance (in km) covered by 20 cars in
Class interval Frequency
2 hours are given below :
125, 120, 130, 134, 100, 90, 96, 100, 110, 120, 10 – 19 20
112, 116, 104, 96, 100, 98, 120, 122, 124, 92. 20 – 29 15
Represent the data as a continuous frequency 30 – 39 45
distribution table with equal class size, starting 40 – 49 60
from 90 – 95. [T-II (2011)] 50 – 59 75

8
36. The mean mark of 8 students is 65. If marks of 17, 2, 7, 27, 25, 5, 14, 18, 10, 24, 28, 10, 8, 7, 10,
7 students are 60, 70, 55, 50, 60, 65 and 85, 28. Find the median and mode of the data.
then find the marks of 8th student. [T-II (2011)]
44. Find the mean, median and mode of the following
37. Find the mean of the following frequency distri-
data : 15, 14, 19, 20, 14, 15, 16, 14, 15, 18, 14,
bution showing the marks obtained in a class
test by 20 students. [T-II (2011)] 19, 15, 17, 15. [T-II (2011)]

Marks 10 15 20 25 45. If the mean of the following distribution is 6,

find the value of p. [T-II (2011)]
No. Students 4 5 8 3
38. The following data has been arranged in x 2 4 6 10 p+5
ascending order : 12, 14, 17, 20, 22, x, 26, 28, f 3 2 3 1 2
32, 36. [T-II (2011)]
If the median of the data is 23, find x. In the 46. Given below are the seats won by different
above data, if 32 is replaced with 23, find the political parties in the following outcome of state
new median. assembly elections. [T-II (2011)]
39. The weight (in kg) of 10 students of a class are

N
given below : [T-II (2011)] Political party A B C D E F

HA
41, 39, 48, 52, 35, 28, 30, 35, 46, 32. Seats won 75 55 37 29 10 37
Find the mean and median for this data.
40. The distribution of weight (in kg) of 100 people (i) Draw a bar graph to represent the polling

AS
is given below : [T-II (2011)] results.

weight (kg) Frequency (ii) Which political party won the maximum
40 – 45
45 – 50
13
25
AK number of seats?
47. Find the mean salary of 20 workers of a factory
PR
50 – 55 28 from the table. [T-II (2011)]
55 – 60 15 Salary (in Rs) No. of workers
S

60 – 65 12 6,000 7
65 – 70 5
ER

7,000 6
70 – 75 2 8,000 4
Total 100
TH

9,000 3
Construct a histogram and frequency polygon for Total 20
the data.
O

48. The marks obtained by 40 students of class IX in

41. Find the missing frequencies f1 and f2 in the mathematics are given below : [T-II (2011)]
BR

following frequency distribution, if it is known

that the mean of the distribution is 1.46. 81, 55, 68, 79, 85, 43, 29, 68, 54, 74, 47, 35, 72,
[T-II (2011)] 64, 95, 44, 55, 77, 64, 35, 79, 52, 45, 54, 70, 83,
L

62, 64, 72, 92, 84, 76, 63, 43, 54, 38, 73, 68, 52,
YA

xi 0 1 2 3 4 5 Total
54.
fi 46 f1 f2 25 10 5 200
O

Prepare a frequency distribution table with class-

Find the value of a. size of 10 marks.
G

42. The electricity bills (in Rs.) of 25 houses in a 49. Find the median of the following data :
certain locality are given below : [T-II (2011)]
500, 440, 100, 180, 150, 560, 300, 220, 300, 240, 19, 25, 59, 48, 35, 37, 30, 32, 51
150, 180, 120, 270, 420, 450, 450, 240, 200, 220, If 25 is replaced by 52, what will be the new
140, 160, 250, 360, 470. median [T-II (2011)]
Construct a grouped frequency table for this data
with one of the class intervals as 100–200 (200 50. Find the mean of the following data. [T-II (2011)]
not included). Marks 10 30 50 70 89
43. The points scored by a basked ball team in a Frequency 7 8 10 15 10
series of match are follows. [T-II (2011)]

9
LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS [4 Marks]
A. Important Questions
1. Draw a histogram to represent the following 4. The weights (in kg) of 25 employees of an
frequency distribution. office are given below :
Class-interval Frequency
81, 78, 81, 77, 75, 77, 69, 76, 65, 85, 87, 71,
100-150 60 83, 67, 85, 73, 78, 68, 85, 73, 85, 54, 70,
150-200 100 68, 80
200-300 100 Find the mean, median and mode of the above
300-500 80 data.
500-800 180 5. Draw a histogram and a frequency polygon
2. The weights (in grams) of 30 oranges, picked at from the following data :
random from a basket of oranges are given
Class Frequency
below :
21-25 21
90, 30, 45, 55, 65, 60, 50, 75, 70, 60, 70, 70,

N
60, 95, 85, 80, 35, 45, 40, 45, 55, 30, 110, 75, 26-30 22

HA
100, 40, 60, 85, 40, 100 31-35 50
Construct a grouped frequency distrubution 36-40 110

AS
table with equal class intervals, one of them
being 30-40. 41-45 87
3. Draw a histogram and frequency polygon (in 46-50 51
AK
the same diagram) for the following data : 51-55 18
Class Frequency
56-60 23
PR

440-460 2
460-480 4 6. The weights (in kg) of 60 persons are given
S

480-500 3 below. Find the mean weight of a person by

ER

(i) direct method (ii) deviation method.

500-520 5
520-540 3 Weight (in kg) 60 61 62 63 64 65
TH

540-560 2
No. of persons 5 8 14 16 10 7
560-580 1
O

580-600 4
BR

B. Questions From CBSE Examinations Papers

L
YA

1. Draw a frequency polygon for the following 2. Draw a histogram for the following data :
data: [T-II (2011)] [T-II (2011)]
O

Class Frequency Marks No. of students

G

1–6 2 0 – 10 6
7 – 12 1 10 – 20 14
13 – 18 8 20 – 30 18
19 – 24 9 30 – 40 20
40 – 50 22
25 – 30 4
50 – 60 16
31 – 36 5
60 – 70 10
70 – 80 5

10
3. Draw a frequency polygon for the following 7. Draw a histogram for the following data :
data: [T-II (2011)] [T-II (2011)]
x f
Cost of living index No. of weeks
10 – 15 7
140 – 150 5
15 – 20 9
150 – 160 10
20 – 25 8
160 – 170 20 25 – 30 5
170 – 180 9 30 – 40 12
180 – 190 6 40 – 60 12
190 – 200 2 60 – 80 6
4. Draw a histogram and frequency polygon for 8. The following table gives the distribution of
the following distribution : [T-II (2011)] students of two sections according to the marks
obtained by them. [T-II (2011)]
Marks obtained No. of students
Section A Section B

N
0 – 10 7
Marks Frequency Marks Frequency

HA
10 – 20 10
0 – 10 3 0 – 10 5
20 – 30 6 10 – 20 9 10 – 20 19
30 – 40 8

AS
20 – 30 17 20 – 30 15
40 – 50 12 30 – 40 12 30 – 40 10
50 – 60 3 40 – 50 9 40 – 50 1
AK
60 – 70 2 Represent the marks of the students of both the sections
on the same graph by two frequency polygons. From the
70 – 80 2
PR

two polygons, compare the performance of the two

5. Draw a histogram for the following data : sections.
[T-II (2011)] 9. Draw a histogram and frequency polygon on
S

the same graph for the following data :

Age (in years) No. of children
ER

[T-II (2011)]
1–2 5 Marks No. of students
0 – 10 5
TH

2–3 3 10 – 20 10
3–5 6 20 – 30 4
O

30 – 40 6
5–7 12
BR

40 – 50 7
7 – 10 9 50 – 60 3
60 – 70 2
10 – 15 10
L

70 – 80 2
YA

15 – 17 4 80 – 90 3
6. The following table presents the number of 90 – 100 9
O

literate females in a town : [T-II (2011)] 10. The runs scored by two teams A and B in 7
overs in a cricket match are given.
G

Age group No. of females

[T-II (2011)]
10 – 15 300 Number of balls Team A Team B
15 – 20 980 1–6 2 5
7 – 12 1 6
20 – 25 800 13 – 18 8 2
19 – 24 9 10
25 – 30 580 25 – 30 4 5
30 – 35 290 31 – 36 5 6
37 – 42 6 3
35 – 40 50 Represent the data of both the teams on the
Draw a frequency polygon for the above data. same graph by frequency polygon.

11
11. Draw a histogram and frequency polygon for Draw a histogram and a frequency polygon to
the following distribution : [T-II (2011)] represent the above data.
Marks obtained No. of students 16. The distribution of weight (in kgs) of 100
0 – 10 4 people is given below. [T-II (2011)]
10 – 20 8 Weight (in kg) Frequency
20 – 40 20 40 – 45 13
45 – 50 25
40 – 45 10
50 – 55 28
45 – 60 12
55 – 60 15
60 – 70 6 60 – 65 12
70 – 85 15 65 – 70 5
12. The daily income of 50 doctors is given below : 70 – 75 2
[T-II (2011)] Construct a histogram for the above distribution.
Daily income (in Rs) No. of doctors 17. The marks obtained by a class of 80 students
0 – 1000 8 are given below : [T-II (2011)]
1000 – 2000 7 Marks No. of students

N
2000 – 3000 12
10 – 20 6

HA
3000 – 4000 6
20 – 30 17
4000 – 5000 11
5000 – 6000 6 30 – 40 10
Draw a histogram for the above data.
13. The monthly salary (in thousand rupees) of AS 40 – 50
50 – 60
21
26
AK
50 workers in a factory are given below : Draw a histogram to represent the above data.
[T-II (2011)]
18. Make a frequency polygon for given frequency
Salary No. of workers
table. [T-II (2011)]
PR

5.2 8
6.9 9 Class interval Frequency
8.2 10 0–5 2
S

10.5 12 5 – 10 3
ER

12.2 6 10 – 15 4
14.0 5 15 – 20 1
20 – 25 5
TH

Find the mean salary of a worker.

14. Draw a histogram for the following data : 25 – 30 3
[T-II (2011)] 19. Draw a histogram for the following data :
O

Weight (in kg) No. of students [T-II (2011)]

BR

40 – 44 2 Class interval Frequency

45 – 49 8 10 – 14 300
15 – 19 980
L

50 – 54 12
20 – 24 800
YA

55 – 59 10
60 – 64 6 25 – 29 600
65 – 69 4 30 – 34 300
O

15. Following table shows the frequency distribu- 35 – 39 450

G

tion for the speeds of cars passing through a 40 – 44 530

particular point on a highway : [T-II (2011)] 20. Draw a histogram to represent the following
Class interval Frequency distribution. [T-II (2011)]
30 – 40 3 Class interval Frequency
40 – 50 6 5 – 10 6
50 – 60 25 10 – 15 12
60 – 70 65 15 – 25 10
70 – 80 50
25 – 45 8
80 – 90 28
45 – 75 15
90 – 100 14

12
 21. Find mean, mode and median for the following 25. The marks obtained by a class of 80 students
data : [T-II (2011)] (out of 100) are given below. Construct a histo-
gram to represent the data : [T-II (2011)]
10, 15, 18, 10, 10, 20, 10, 20, 15, 21, 15 and 25.
Marks Number of students
22. The daily wages of 100 workers (in Rs) in a
10 – 20 6
factory are given below : [T-II (2011)]
20 – 30 17
Daily wages (in Rs) No of workers 30 – 50 15
150 – 200 16 50 – 70 16
200 – 250 29 70 – 100 26
250 – 300 37 26. Following table gives the distribution of the
300 – 350 18 marks obtained by the students of a class.
Draw a frequency polygon for given data. [T-II (2011)]
23. The following table presents the number of Marks Number of students
illitrate females in the age group (10–34) in a 0 – 15 5
town. [T-II (2011)]

N
15 – 30 12
30 – 45 28

HA
Age group No of females
45 – 60 30
10 – 14 300
60 – 75 35
15 – 19 980

AS
75 – 90 13
20 – 24 800
Represent the data by frequency polygon.
29 – 29 580
AK
27. Draw the frequency polygon without
30 – 34 290 constructing the histogram of the following
Draw a histogram to represent the above data. observations : [T-II (2011)]
PR

24. Construct a frequency polygon for the

following data : [T-II (2011)] Cost of living index Number of weeks
S

Age Frequency 140 – 150 5

ER

0–2 2
150 – 160 10
2–4 4
4–6 6 160 – 170 20
TH

6–8 8 170 – 180 9

8 – 10 9
O

10 – 12 6 180 – 190 6
BR

12 – 14 5 190 – 200 2
14 – 16 3
Total 52
16 – 18 1
L
YA

FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT
O
G

Project 1
Objective : Collection, tabulation of data obtained by an activity. Representing the information diagrammatically.
Materials Required : Chart paper 50 cm × 50 cm, Geometry box, Meter ruler, 10 counters of diameter 2 cm approx,
graph sheets.
Procedure :
1. On chart paper, draw horizontal and vertical lines to give squares of 5 cm × 5 cm.
Using sketch pen, write numbers from 1 to 100 as shown in figure 1.
2. Make a table as shown in Table 1.

13
3. Place the chart paper on the floor.
4. Take all the ten counters and drop them simultaneously on the chart paper from a height of 50 cm (approx)
above the centre of chart (approx).
5. Read the numbers written in the squares on the chart over which the counters fall and mark them in the “Tally
Marks” column of the table. Keep the following rules :
(i) If a counter falls on the boundary of two squares such that more than half of it lies in one square and less
than half in the other, record the number which has the bigger portion of the counter. For example, in
figure 1 the counter marked I in the diagram should be taken as on the number 87, while the counter
marked H should be taken as on the number 79.
(ii) If a counter falls almost half on two squares, do not record it and drop the counter again. For example,
the counter marked J in figure 1.
(iii) If a counter falls on the boundary of more than two squares, reject it and drop it again. For example,
counters marked A, B and C.
(iv) If a counter falls outside the chart reject it and drop it again.
6. Repeat the process ten times.

N
HA
7. Complete the frequency table.
8. Draw a histogram to represent the data obtained, in table 1 (see figure 2.)

AS
9. Mark the mid-point of the respective tops of the rectangles in the histogram and join them using a ruler. To
complete the polygon, join the mid-points of two classes (called imaginary classes) one at each end. See
figure 2.
AK
10. Find the class mark of each class in Table 1. On a graph sheet, represent class marks on the x-axis and
frequencies on the y-axis. Plot the corresponding points and complete the polygon (see figure 3).
PR
S
ER
TH
O
BR
L
YA
O
G

Figure 1

14
 Table 1
Class Tally Marks Frequency Class Marks

0 – 10 ||| 3 5
10 – 20 |||| 5 15
20 – 30 |||| ||| 8 25
30 – 40 |||| |||| |||| |||| 20 35
40 – 50 |||| |||| |||| 15 45
50 – 60 |||| |||| |||| | 16 55
60 – 70 |||| |||| 10 65
70 – 80 |||| |||| |||| || 17 75
80 – 90 |||| 4 85

N
HA
90 – 100 || 2 95
Total 100

AS
AK
PR
S
ER
TH
O
BR

Figure 2
L
YA
O
G

Figure 3
(Here we take class 0–10 to denote “greater than 0 and less than or equal to 10”, 10 – 20 to denote “greater
than 10 and less than or equal to 20” and so on).

15
Observations :
1. In figure 2 the rectangle in the histogram are of equal width since the class size is 10 for all the classes.
2. If both a histogram and frequency polygon are to be drawn representing the same data, we use diagram as
shown in figure 2.
3. If only the frequency polygon is to be drawn, we need not draw a histogram and directly draw a frequency
polygon as shown in figure 3.

Project 2
Objective : Survey of the family members of students in a class.
Project Overview : A survey of the family members of class IX students of St. Thomos Public School was
conducted in the month of July 2009. The aim of the survey was to find out the types of students with regard to
the number of family members in their families. Such survey has not been conducted so far in this school. The school
is situated in an industrial area. Large factories are situated near the school. Some government offices are also
situated near the school. Most of the students live in the flats provided to their parents by the factory authorities.
This survey is expected to give us a picture of optimum level of tution fees, transport facility, items to be sold in

N
the school canteen, extra coaching classes and other such things connected to the school curriculum. Such surveys
may be helpful in getting an overall view of the type of facilities required at such schools.

HA
Procedure :

AS
The data of the survey was collected by directly asking each student of the class with the help of the class teacher
Mr. Kabir Saxena. The students were asked to raise their hands according to the number of family members in their
family. Following categories were considered as the members of the family.
AK
(i) Actual relatives living in their house.
(ii) Other members like paying guests, servents etc.
PR

(iii) Brothers, sisters and other relatives who lived in their house during vacation.
Data obtained were recorded as below.
S

No. of members
ER

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
in the family

No. of families 2 4 7 16 21 12 3 1
TH

Computation : We can represent the above table as below and calculate the mean.
O

No. of members No. of fx

BR

in the family families

(x) (f)
L

2 2 4
YA

3 4 12
4 7 28
O

5 16 80
G

6 21 126
7 12 84
8 3 24
9 1 9
Total 66 367

Σfx 367
Mean = = ≈
Σf 66 = 5.56 6

16
Diagrams :
We can draw bar diagram to represent the above data.

N
HA
AS
Observations :
From the bar graph, we observed that
(i) 21 families have 6 members.
AK
(ii) Only 1 family has 9 members.
PR
(iii) No family has more than 9 members.
Also, average members in a family = 5.56 ≈ 6
S
ER

Do Yourself :
(i) Survey of the pocket money of a class of students.
TH

(ii) Survey of the different modes of transport used by students of a school.

O
BR
L
YA
O
G

17