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Shell Scripting Basics

The document provides an overview of shell scripting basics, including the definition of a shell and shell scripts, their uses, and steps to create a shell script. It covers essential concepts such as comments, variables, user input, command line arguments, conditional statements, loops, arithmetic operations, case statements, functions, and exit status. Additionally, it lists common commands and includes a sample script demonstrating basic functionality.

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5 views4 pages

Shell Scripting Basics

The document provides an overview of shell scripting basics, including the definition of a shell and shell scripts, their uses, and steps to create a shell script. It covers essential concepts such as comments, variables, user input, command line arguments, conditional statements, loops, arithmetic operations, case statements, functions, and exit status. Additionally, it lists common commands and includes a sample script demonstrating basic functionality.

Uploaded by

justforandroapp
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Shell Scripting Basics

1. What is a Shell?

A shell is an interface between the user and the operating system. It interprets user
commands and executes them.

Examples: sh, bash, zsh, ksh.

Bash is the most commonly used shell in Linux.

2. What is a Shell Script?

A shell script is a text file containing a series of shell commands.

Uses:

- Automation of tasks

- System administration

- File management

3. Creating a Shell Script

Steps:

1. Create file: vi [Link]

2. Add shebang: #!/bin/bash

3. Write commands

4. Give permission: chmod +x [Link]

5. Run: ./[Link]

4. Comments

# This is a comment
5. Variables

name="Rahmath"

echo $name

(No spaces around =)

6. User Input

read name

echo $name

7. Command Line Arguments

$0 - script name

$1, $2 - arguments

$# - number of arguments

$@ - all arguments

8. Conditional Statements

if [ condition ]

then

statements

fi

Operators:

-eq, -ne, -gt, -lt, -ge, -le

9. Loops

For Loop:
for i in 1 2 3

do

echo $i

done

While Loop:

i=1

while [ $i -le 5 ]

do

echo $i

i=$((i+1))

done

10. Arithmetic Operations

sum=$((a+b))

11. Case Statement

case $choice in

1) echo "One" ;;

2) echo "Two" ;;

*) echo "Invalid" ;;

esac

12. Functions

myfunc() {

echo "Hello"
}

myfunc

13. Exit Status

0 - Success

Non-zero - Failure

echo $?

14. Common Commands

ls, pwd, mkdir, rm, cp, mv, echo, read

Sample Script:

#!/bin/bash

read n

if [ $n -gt 0 ]

then

echo "Positive"

else

echo "Negative"

fi

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