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Unit 3 Notes

The document provides an overview of semiconductors, including their classification based on energy band gap, types of semiconductors (intrinsic and extrinsic), and the concept of Fermi level. It discusses the mobility and conductivity of semiconductors, the effects of temperature, and phenomena such as carrier generation and recombination. Additionally, it covers the formation of PN junctions and the working principles of devices like solar cells, photodiodes, and LEDs.

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2 views37 pages

Unit 3 Notes

The document provides an overview of semiconductors, including their classification based on energy band gap, types of semiconductors (intrinsic and extrinsic), and the concept of Fermi level. It discusses the mobility and conductivity of semiconductors, the effects of temperature, and phenomena such as carrier generation and recombination. Additionally, it covers the formation of PN junctions and the working principles of devices like solar cells, photodiodes, and LEDs.

Uploaded by

mariyamahmedllll1212
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
Semiconductor & Devices Contents 3.1 Classification of solids on the basis of energy band gap 3.2 Types of semiconductor 3.2.1 _ Intrinsic Semiconductor 3.2.2 Extrinsic Semiconductor 3.3 Concept of Fermi level 3.4 Position of fermi level in intrinsic semiconductor 3.5 Position of Fermi level in extrinsic semiconductor 3.5.1 Position of Fermi level in n-type semiconductor 3.5.2. Position of Fermilevel in n-type semiconductor 3.6 Mobility 3.7 Conductivity of semiconductors 3.8 Effect of temperature on conductivity of semiconductor 3.9 Carrier generation/ recombination phenomena 3.10 Formation of PN junction, Depletion region built-in potential 3.11 Working of solar cell, Photo diode and LEDs. Note: Handouts provided are supplementary materials. Students are advised to refer the prescribed text and reference books for comprehensive understani Unit - 3 S@micenduidor A olowies a) Classif i abion ee Ackéds on te basis of Enogy Barel gap Solicls cam be classified as Conoucters, Aemiconclucters On Frswlaters: The cLassifitation. of olifporst matrrials ALpends on thoir ability fe conotuct electricity - The barol Yeo, of Anliol erctelecin’d the olif{fermnce. borvetn tore of matertals+ The Barol Heery Aarsits oo roliols inte Hee cabegeriors- Feedng accel of echo uitin bands and widte of forbidden enngy Fart: Tnyulatonrs Corcuctors Semiconductors | Dredators : The alerted tr which the Conoluction band anc Valance bands are rcprstiol by qurtele. Energy gofo | (>3ev) as phomin fgunre belad + Bard | ay? Bev Bret of lecttong Vahence Band Energy Baro digrann of, an Fysulrte Corductirg , Tre mutotal in whiche Conduction ad Valance. lanols overlap are callecl Conctuctors. energy eas af ea L Enangy Garol egham of 2 Tybalt pa Energy Band diag of Semicerdicls . and lum (0-72) on ( Banca is 12 ew : . con peak Aenek Coro hors 32) 32) b- Ne A pure form of henitoncucks 1 cablid as intinsec. Remicondutd.' Conduction in mAbui. Aand conolurhey is either due tb tomal exdtetion or cryrtebclofedi. Stlicen( si) end Gewnentum CGed ae we +0 — mote i. Armicordudors used + ‘ ium oa Hoe’ stuns. of Slicer» Atorne nor of Silicon is 14 and 6 rat 4 valance. ectrons- Thase 4 eledroms Ae shareal by four roignbarinf Atems by means of Covalent bend: Ary Showed Hoe Cayptel SHucturs. of Silicon oh pur] arbainnic Mumconrductor graap ExPirric Aemconduclor Purr Alico cud Getmenionn has eayral rumdsers a meduats Conductor, of eleehiatty . To Improve TS conductiity , loping is Camied out Aeping. means inKeduting. Q fall a bof impurity cube’ ints +e tbinne Aenicousuoy CItbiver~ or Geuntuiun) » Whow Ypoutaradunt impurities. CP, Ws, Sb) are ardaleol , each impurity. com donabs an entra elecher , Cresding- a AokZe. number of free elochows » “Tui doped motel && called n-type , wwre Claehrous are majority Camera and’ helis as the wnrort COMLLAK + whore daivalat imburiHes (8, Ga, Tn) are added, ear inburity obo carats a deficiency of: one elechor (1 hole + Truk cLoked material C6 Callesk p= type , otache Roles are ranjority Camicrs ae Fo eats 3@): GSO ro 8 eee men B= type Aeralconduster 4 Po Phosphorus * @ 3 Gorow Si3 filicow SC a Miulcow 3. 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Aordativity CP) watch moaruey wou much o malenad (mts woth cLmromt fow - Comducttutey Of Samicondirchers "7 Fn somiconductea » He cwremt 1 dua te both Choage Comers , (eC Chactions ame hokey . lee n= noo} efactiom Th Conduction lam d p= no «of olor i velomco loan He Ag = efoction motothi ey J holo motel Lang So comduchivity ‘s ecxun4ee + pupe SF = & Cnet h4p) * Conduct vita Awe Semi'conduckyt | Gn intiinse Semitonduct » no ; =m Conductivity of N-tyfe semiconductor > Oa N-type hele Comeback, td noghr addy mals In Compo aston to 07 Cor comlaahen be feeeyae) Cah Np fs concomtiatiom of donct atom , % Cond Ce vty of Re bepfe Semi’ ComdurGho {J da Pte e& Comcombaation 1 nogha at bey smal |r Combourmen tO snolo contamattn . 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The proces HArrgh luc Curtenk Canterds ore aati and distoyed trade a Aomiconolucter are llc Camrer Jonorsbion aud De condrination foronomens: Tn He Coren Geueration foro, an eladtren_ in the Valence boro prececier rubh cent external energy and jum te the Consluction banch 4 Pewsing bolind a hele in Valones loool - “The enorgy Assured Hor Cxtibabion cous be Applies in diferent feu — Thormal nr84 , Ligue wurgy o% elactrr fetal enorgg - Pathol b “Glial emsrationm protons of energy quate Haw band ap (ny>>2y) Marfan Hae Atmiconductet * Ea Aesvtbeol . Aneto excite an electron, for We Valance. 0 dnd Te We Covcluirtion band , reoting & Coucspording ole - This principal is uses! in eptoeleeKiouic. clomiioy Sue ar ppetrdicds , selarcells, anol Pots Haw stor$ + " Avalonche encration :- Aitel type of ' OCCU Uncle. 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Motlle ~The care woth Beh. soeate, A betes mere Th weigh A semteenchiccter, Under A eliheia Hell [ae £ Te Fada Biree hit tnpecy,, finches, FE)= 1 Ie e6&-€e) Jar - -Ey)/ Ny = Ny @ Cee ’ Ver ) Np > Ante Net Ny are efpockive bnuti of hte Ay the conduction € Valtrce band 30 . oo Generaber > fermabim Of eleebicon - ~ hat, ee Le Ed tas Laight ) arnt natia, *5 lo. Work! wv 7 Mey, TF Auices Slaw cell 3 cavers one 2 wb . Oy sit Ataticd od Melricag be et anced Lahr “on 0 Rovere Gua. Cnet, LE0:3 Emil Than pr. ie Cather ee ee nN x Summarize table Vattous Boweies 5 rosa Materia Sty Be, Hal ees a at a Short Questions 8] ee Classified: en ~the loaris of enerey band ab? nd 8h Amalf Band HP me * Semicamductou chaye a moderghe band aah (lev), and » Insulators thave a dary 2. Whak ane the FyPes of Aemivenducons ? dns: Seri comhuctarrs ana af two Tntringie Calutate the ffi veniy of the cotan cl, O83 FF an LEO iv operaLid at 27220 FAA the olaetycal power inbuf. Ql4s a Plasto olizola han a et poner and 6 ullu minated gee 50 nw, CAleuwlaty the wah, way Of O°% Al 7 Peue photo wnent generated,

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