11 AVERAGE

THEORY AND FORMULAE (TF)

Sum of all the observations
TF 1. Average (or mean) =
Number of observations
 xi
i.e. x = and so,  x i = nx .
n
n n  1
TF 2. (i) Sum of first n natural numbers = .
2
(ii) Sum of first n odd natural numbers = n2.
n n  1 2n  1
(iii) Sum of the squares of first n natural numbers = .
6
2
 n n  1 
(iv) Sum of the cubes of first n natural numbers =   .
 2 
TF 3. If the average of m items is a and the average of other n items is b , then the average of all the (m + n) items together
 ma  nb 
is  .
 m n 
TF 4. If a vehicle goes from station A to station B at a speed of a kmph and returns from B to A at a speed of b kmph, then
 2ab 
its average speed during the whole journey is   kmph.
ab
TF 5. (i) If the average age of N persons is a years and the average age increases by b years when one new person joins
them, then the age of the new comer is A = {a + (1 + N) b} years.
(ii) If the average age of N persons is a years and the average age decreases by b years when one new person joins
them, then the age of the new comer is A = {a – (1 + N) b}.
TF 6. (i) If the average age of a group of N persons is a years and the average age increases by b years when a person
leaves the group, then the age of the outgoing persons is A = {a + (1 – N) b} years.
(ii) If the average age of a group of N persons is a years and the average age decreases by b years when a person
leaves the group, then the age of the outgoing person is A = {a – (1 – N) b} years.
TF 7. (i) In a group of N persons, if the average age increases by b years when a person of age a years is replaced by
a new person, then the age of the new comer is A = (a + Nb) years.
(ii) In a group of N persons, if the average age decreases by b years when a person of age a years is replaced by
a new person, then the age of the new comer is A = (a – Nb) years.
TF 8. If the average age of N persons is a years and the average age increases by b years when M new persons join them,
  N 
then the average age of the new comers is A   a   1  b  years.
  M  
TF 9. If the average age of N persons is a years and the average age decreases by b years when M new persons join them,
  N 
then the average age of the new comers is A   a   1   b  years.
  M  
TF 10. If k is added to each observation then the average increases by k. i.e. if x is the average of a1, a2, ..., an, then the
average of a1 + k, a2 + k, ..., an + k is x + k.
TF 11. If k is multiplied to each observation then the average gets multiplied by k. i.e. if x is the average of a1, a2, ..., an,
then the average of ka1, ka2, ..., kan is k x .

11.1
 11.2 Average

EXERCISE
1. Average age of a team having 12 players is 23 years. If the 10. A student finds the average of ten 2 digit numbers. If the
age of the coach is also included, then the average age digits of one of the numbers are interchanged, the average
increases by 2 years. What is the age (in years) of the coach? increases by 3.6. The difference between the digits of 2
[SSC CGL 2017] digit numbers is [SSC CGL 2014]
(a) 41 (b) 47 (a) 2 (b) 3
(c) 49 (d) 51 (c) 4 (d) 5
2. The average age of 6 members of a family is 20 years. If the 11. The average runs of a player is 32 out of 10 innings. How
age of the servant is included, then the average age increases many runs must he make in the next innings so as to increase
by 25%. What is the age (in years) of the servant? his average by 6? [SSC 2015]
[SSC CGL 2017] (a) 6 (b) 38
(a) 30 (b) 35 (c) 40 (d) 98
(c) 50 (d) 55 12. The average age of 30 students of a class is 14 years 4
3. The average age of 5 members of a family is 24 years. If the months. After admission of 5 new students in the class the
youngest member is 8 years old, then what was the average average becomes 13 years 9 months. The youngest one of
age (in years) of the family at the time of the birth of the the five new students is 9 years 11 months old. The average
youngest member? [SSC CGL 2017] age of the remaining 4 new students is [SSC CGL 2015]
(a) 16 (b) 18 (a) 10 years 4 months (b) 11 years 2 months
(c) 20 (d) 22 (c) 12 years 4 months (d) 13 years 6 months
4. The average age of 120 members of a society is 60.7 years. 13. On mixing two classes A and B of students having average
By addition of 30 new members, the average age becomes marks 25 and 40 respectively, the overall average obtained
56.3 years. What is the average age (in years) of newly joined is 30. Find the ratio of the students in the classes A and B.
members? [SSC CGL 2017] [SSC 2012]
(a) 36.5 (b) 37.2 (a) 5 : 8 (b) 5 : 6
(c) 38.3 (d) 38.7 (c) 3 : 4 (d) 2 : 1
5. The average marks of a class of 35 children is 35. The marks 14. The average score of a class of boys and girls in an
of one of the students, who got 35, was incorrectly entered examination is A. The ratio of boys and girls in the class is
as 65. What is the correct average of the class? [SSC 2016] 3 : 1. If the average score of the boys is A + 1, then the
(a) 28.20 (b) 34.14 average score of the girls is
(c) 38.14 (d) 42.21 (a) A + 3 (b) A – 3
(c) A + 1 (d) A – 1
6. Of the three numbers, the first number is twice the second
and the second is thrice the third number. If the average of 15. Average runs scored by 11 players of a cricket team is 23
these 3 numbers is 20, then the sum of the largest and the runs. If the first player scored 113 runs then find the average
smallest numbers is [SSC 2011]
runs of the remaining players. [SSC CGL 2016]

(a) 60 (b) 54 (a) 27 runs (b) 14 runs

(c) 42 (d) 24 (c) 12 runs (d) 8 runs
7. The average of 5 consecutive natural numbers is m. If the 16. The average weight of the first 11 persons among 12 persons
next three natural numbers are also included, then how much is 95 kg. The weight of 12th person is 33 kg more than the
more than m the average of these 8 numbers be? average weight of all the 12 persons. The weight of the 12th
(a) 1 (b) 1.4 person is [SSC CGL 2015]

(c) 1.5 (d) 2 (a) 97.45 kg (b) 128 kg

(c) 128.75 kg (d) 131 kg
8. Out of four numbers the average of the first three is 16 and
that of the last three is 15. If the last number is 20 then the 17. The average of x numbers is y and the average of y numbers
first number is [SSC CGL 2016]
is x. Then, the average of all the numbers taken together is
[SSC 2011]
(a) 21 (b) 23
(c) 25 (d) 28 xy x y
(a) (b)
9. The average of all the odd integers between 2 and 22 is x y 2 xy
2 2
(d) x  y
[SSC 2015] 2 xy
(c)
(a) 11 (b) 12 x y x y
(c) 13 (d) 14
 Average 11.3
18. The average of six numbers is 3.95. The average of two of joining, the average age becomes 15.875 years. The age of
them is 3.4, while the average of the other two is 3.85. The the new boy is
average of the remaining two numbers is [SSC CGL 2015] (a) 17 years (b) 15 years
(a) 4.5 (b) 4.6 (c) 14.5 years (d) 12 years
(c) 4.7 (d) 4.8 28. The average weight of 3 men A, B and C is 84 kg. Another
19. Of the three numbers, the first is 4 times the second and 3 man D joins the group and the average now becomes 80 kg.
times the third. If the average of all the three numbers is 95, If another man E whose weight is 3 kg more than that of D,
what is the third number? [SSC CGL 2015] replaces A, then the average weight of B, C, D and E becomes
(a) 57 (b) 60 79 kg. Then the weight of A is [SSC CGL 2016]
(c) 76 (d) 130 (a) 76 kg (b) 75 kg
20. The average of 20 numbers is calculated as 35. It is discovered (c) 74 kg (d) 72 kg
later, that while calculating the average, one number, namely 29. The average of 30 numbers is 40 and that of other 40 numbers
85, was read as 45. The correct average is [SSC CGL 2015] is 30. The average of all the numbers is [SSC 2013]
(a) 36 (b) 36.5
2
(c) 37 (d) 37.5 (a) 34 (b) 34
7
21. The mean of 100 items was 46. Later on it was discovered (c) 34.5 (d) 35
that an item 16 was misread as 61 and another item 43 was
misread as 34. It was also found that the number of items 30. The average of five consecutive positive integers is n. If
were 90 and not 100. Then what is the correct mean? the next two integers are also included, then the average of
[SSC 2012] all these integers will [SSC CGL 2015]

(a) 52.7 (b) 52 (a) Increase by 1 (b) Increase by 1.5

(c) 50.7 (d) 50 (c) Increase by 2 (d) Remain the same
22. In a 20 over match, the required run rate to win is 7.2. If the 31. Three numbers are such that the average of first two numbers
run rate is 6 at the end of the 15th over then for remaining is 2, the average of the last two numbers is 3 and the average
the required run rate to win the match is [SSC 2012] of the first and the last numbers is 4, then the average of
(a) 1.2 (b) 10.8 three numbers is equal to [SSC 2014]
(c) 12 (d) 13.2 (a) 2 (b) 2.5
23. The average of 50 numbers is 38. If two numbers namely (c) 3 (d) 3.5
45 and 55 are discarded, then the average of the remaining 32. The average income of ‘A’ and ‘B’ of 200 and the average
numbers is [SSC 2013] income of ‘C’ and ‘D’ is 250. The avegare income of A,
(a) 32.5 (b) 35 B, C and D is [SSC 2015]
(c) 36 (d) 37.5 (a) 225 (b) 200
24. In a class there are 30 boys and their average age is 17 (c) 125 (d) 106.25
years. When one boy aged 18 years leaving the class and 33. In an exam, the average marks obtained by the students was
another joining, the average age becomes 16.9 years. The found to be 60. After the omission of computational errors,
age of new boy is [SSC 2015] the average marks of 100 candidates had to be changed
(a) 11 years (b) 13 years from 60 to 30 and the average with respect to all the
(c) 15 years (d) 25 years examinees came down to 45 marks. The total number of
25. 5 years ago, the average age of P and Q was 15 years. The candidates who took the exam was [SSC 2012]
average age of P, Q and R today is 20 years. How old will R (a) 180 (b) 200
be after 10 years? [SSC 2012] (c) 210 (d) 240
(a) 30 years (b) 35 years 34. The bowling average of a cricketer was 12.4. He improves
(c) 40 years (d) 50 years his bowling average by 0.2 points when he takes 5 wickets
26. While purchasing one item costing 400, one has to pay a for 26 runs in his last match. The number of wickets taken
sales tax at 7% and on another costing 6400, the sales tax by him before the last match
was 9%. The per cent of sales tax one has to pay, taking (a) 200 (b) 175
these items together on an average is [SSC 2012] (c) 150 (d) 125

(a) 8 (b) 8 1 35. In a class, the average score of girls in an examination is 73

2 and that of boys is 71. The average score for the whole
13 15 class is 71.8. Find the percentage of girls. [SSC MTS 2011]
(c) 8 (d) 8 (a) 60% (b) 55%
17 17
(c) 50% (d) 40%
27. In a class, there are 40 boys and their average age is 16
years. One boy, aged 17 years, leaving the class and another
 11.4 Average

36. There are 50 students in a class, one of them weighing 50 44. The average of 30 numbers is 15. The average of the first
kg goes away and a new student joins. By this the average 18 numbers is 10 and that of the next 11 numbers is 20. The
1 last number is
weight of the class increases by kg. The weight of the
2 (a) 50 (b) 52
new student is
(c) 56 (d) 60
(a) 76 kg (b) 75 kg
(c) 72 kg (d) 70 kg 45. The average of 13 results is 70. The average of first seven
is 65 and that of the last seven is 75, the seventh result is
37. The frequency distribution of data is given below. If the [SSC 2015]
average age is 17 years, the value of m is [SSC CGL 2014] (a) 67 (b) 68
Age (in years) 8 20 26 29 (c) 70 (d) 70.5
Number of people 3 2 m 1 46. The average of eight successive numbers is 6.5. The average
of the smallest and the greatest numbers among them will
(a) 4 (b) 3
be [SSC 2010]
(c) 2 (d) 1
(a) 9 (b) 7.5
38. There were 35 students in a hostel. If the number of students (c) 6.5 (d) 4
is increased by 7 the expenditure on food increases by 42
per day while the average expenditure of students is reduced 47. If a, b, c, d, e are five consecutive odd numbers, their
by 1. What was the initial expenditure on food per day? average is [SSC CGL 2014]
(a) 400 (b) 420 (a) a + 4
(c) 432 (d) 442 (b) 5 (a + 4)
39. The average of the first 7 integers in series of 13 consecutive (c) 5 (a + b + c + d + e)
odd integers is 37. What is the average of the entire series? abcde
[SSC 2016]
(d)
5
(a) 40 (b) 41 48. a, b, c, d, e, f, g are consecutive even numbers. j, k, l, m, n
(c) 43 (d) 45 are consecutive odd numbers. The average of all the
numbers is [SSC 2011]
40. Arpit aims to score an average of 80 marks in quarterly and
half yearly exams. But his average in quarterly is 3 marks  7d  5l   abmn
(a)   (b)  
less than his target and that in half yearly is 2 marks more  12   4 
than his aim. The difference between the total marks scored
 1 d  an
in both the exams is 25. The total marks aimed by Arpit is (c)   (d) 3  
[SSC 2012]  2   2 
(a) 380 (b) 400 49. If the average of 6 consecutive even numbers is 25, the
(c) 410 (d) 420 difference between the largest and the smallest number is
[SSC 2012]
41. The average monthly income (in ) of certain agricultural (a) 14 (b) 12
workers is S and that of other workers is T. The number of (c) 10 (d) 8
agricultural workers is 11 times that of other workers. Then,
the average monthly income (in ) of all the workers is 50. The average monthly income of P and Q is 5,050. The
average monthly income of Q and R is 6250 and the
S T 1
(a) (b) T average monthly income of P and R is 5200. The monthly
12 11S income of P is [SSC 2014]
S  11T 11S  T (a) 5000 (b) 4050
(c) (d)
12 12 (c) 4000 (d) 3500
42. The average weight of 15 oarsmen in a boat is increased by 51. The mean of 20 items is 55. If two items such as 45 and 30
1.6 kg when one of the crew, who weighs 42 kg, is replaced are removed, the new mean of the remaining items is
by a new man. Find the weight of the new man (in kg). [SSC CGL 2014]
[SSC CGL 2016] (a) 56 (b) 56.9
(a) 43 (b) 65 (c) 65.1 (d) 65.3
(c) 66 (d) 67 52. The mean weight of 34 students of a school is 42 kg. If the
43. Find the average of 1.11, 0.01, 0.101, 0.001, 0.11. weight of teacher be included, the mean rises by 400 grams.
[SSC MTS 2013]
Find the weight of teacher (in kg). [SSC 2012]

(a) 0.1164 (b) 0.2644 (a) 55 kg (b) 56 kg

(c) 0.2554 (d) 0.2664 (c) 57 kg (d) 66 kg
 Average 11.5
53. The average age of four boys A, B, C and D is 5 years and 62. There are 50 students in a class. Their average weight is
the average age of A, B, D, E is 6 years, C is 8 years old. 45 kg. When one student leaves the class the average weight
The age of E is (in years) [SSC MTS 2013] reduces by 100 g. What is the weight of the student who left
(a) 15 (b) 14 the class? [SSC 2010]
(c) 13 (d) 12 (a) 50.1 kg (b) 49.9 kg
54. Three years ago, the average age of a family of 5 members (c) 47.9 kg (d) 45 kg
was 17 years. A baby having been born, the average age of 63. A batsman makes a score of 87 runs in the 17th innings and
the family is the same today. The present age of the baby thus increases his average by 3. Find his average after 17th
(in year/s) is [SSC 2014]
innings. [SSC 2015]
(a) 3 (b) 2 (a) 39 (b) 84
1 (c) 87 (d) 90
(c) 1 (d) 1
2 64. Two years ago the average age of a family of 8 members was
18 years. After the addition of a baby, the average age of the
55. The average marks of 50 students in a class is 72. The
family is same today. What is the age of the baby? [SSC 2013]
average marks of boys and girls in that subject are 70 and
75 respectively. The number of boys in the class is 1
(a) 1 years (b) 1 years
[SSC CGL 2015] 2
(a) 20 (b) 25 1
(c) 2 years (d) 2 years
(c) 30 (d) 35 2
56. The arithmetic mean of the following numbers is 65. A man’s pension on retirement from service is equal to half
1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6 and 7, the average salary during last 3 years of his service. His
7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7 [SSC CGL 2014] salary from 1 January 1983 is 380 per month with an
(a) 20 (b) 14 increment of 40 due on 1 October 1983, 1 October 1984
(c) 5 (d) 4 and 1 October 1985. If he retires on 1 January 1986, what
pension does he draw per month? [SSC 2013]
57. A library has an average number of 510 visitors on Sunday
(a) 230 (b) 225
and 240 on other days. The average number of visitors per
day in a month of 30 days beginning with Sunday is (c) 215 (d) 205
[SSC 2012] 66. In an examination, the average marks obtained by the girls
(a) 285 (b) 290 of a class is 85 and the average marks obtained by the boys of
(c) 295 (d) 300 the same class is 87. If the girls and boys are in the ratio 4 : 5,
58. In a certain year, the average monthly income of a person then the average marks of the whole class (approximately)
was 3400. For the first eight months of the year, his average is closest to [SSC CGL 2015]
monthly income was 3160 and for the last five months, it (a) 86.5 (b) 86.4
was 4120. His income in the eighth month of the year was (c) 86.1 (d) 85.9
(a) 3160 (b) 5080 67. 12 kg of rice costing 30 per kg is mixed with 8 kg of rice
(c) 5520 (d) 15520 costing 40 per kg. The average per kg price of mixed
59. The average of three numbers is 40. The first number is rice is [SSC 2010]
twice the second and the second one is thrice the third (a) 34 (b) 35
number. The difference between the largest and the smallest (c) 37 (d) 38
numbers is [SSC 2011] 68. The average monthly salary of all the employees in an industry
(a) 60 (b) 46 is 12,000. The average salary of male employees is 15,000
(c) 36 (d) 30 and that of female employees is 8,000. What is the ratio of
60. The average of four consecutive even numbers is 15. The male employees to female employees? [SSC 2013]
2nd highest number is [SSC 2012] (a) 2 : 5 (b) 3 : 4
(a) 12 (b) 14 (c) 4 : 3 (d) 5 : 2
(c) 16 (d) 18 69. The average of first ten prime numbers is [SSC 2013]
61. The average weight of 12 crewmen in a boat is increased (a) 10 (b) 10.1
1 (c) 12.9 (d) 13
by kg, when one of the crewmen whose weight is 55 kg is
3 70. If the average marks of three batches of 55, 60 and 45
replaced by a new man. What is the weight of that new students respectively is 50, 55 and 60, then the average
man? [SSC 2012]
marks of all the students is
(a) 57 kg (b) 58 kg (a) 53.33 (b) 54.68
(c) 59 kg (d) 60 kg (c) 55 (d) None of these
 11.6 Average

71. The average of the first three numbers is double the fourth (a) 18 (b) 19
number. If the average of all the four numbers is 12, find (c) 20 (d) 21
the 4th number. [SSC 2013]
80. Eight consecutive numbers are given. If the average of the
18
(a) (b) 48 two numbers that appear in the middle is 6, then the sum of
7 7 the eight given numbers is [SSC 2012]
(c) 16 (d) 20 (a) 36 (b) 48
72. The average of six numbers is 32. If each of the first three (c) 54 (d) 64
numbers is increased by 2 and each of the remaining three 81. The average marks obtained by 40 students of a class is 86.
numbers is decreased by 4, then the new average is If the 5 highest marks are removed, the average reduces by
[SSC 2011] one mark. The average marks of the top 5 students is
(a) 30 (b) 31 [SSC CGL 2014]
(c) 34 (d) 35 (a) 92 (b) 93
73. In a school with 600 students, the average age of the boys is (c) 96 (d) 97
12 years and that of the girls is 11 years. If the average age 82. A cricketer had a certain average of runs for his 64 innings.
of the school is 11 years and 9 months, then the number of In his 65th innings, he is bowled out for no score on his
girls in the school is [SSC 2012] part. This brings down his average by 2 runs. His new
(a) 150 (b) 250 average of runs is
(c) 350 (d) 450 (a) 68 (b) 70
74. A fruit seller sold big, medium and small sized apples for (c) 128 (d) 130
15, 10 and 5 respectively. The total number of apples 83. The average age of Ram and his two children is 17 years
sold were in the ratio 3 : 2 : 5. Find the average cost of an and the average age of Ram's wife and the same children is
apple. [SSC 2012] 16 years. If the age of Ram is 33 years, the age of his wife is
(a) 7 (b) 8 (in years) [SSC 2013]
(c) 9 (d) 10 (a) 30 (b) 31
75. 5 years ago, the average age of A, B, C and D was 45 years. (c) 32 (d) 35
With E joining them now, the average age of all the five is 84. The average (arithmetic mean) of 330, 360 and 390 is
49 years. How old is E? [SSC CGL 2015]
(a) 64 years (b) 45 years (a) 380 (b) 3177
(c) 40 years (d) 25 years (c) 327 + 357 + 387 (d) 329 + 359 + 389
76. The mean temperature of the first four days of a week is 85. In a school, the average age of students is 6 years and the
25°C whereas the mean of the last four days is 25.5°C. If average of 12 teachers is 40 years. If the average age of the
the mean temperature of the whole week is 25.2°C then the combined group of all the teachers and students is 7 years,
temperature on the 4th day is [SSC 2015] then the number of students is
(a) 25°C (b) 25.2°C (a) 416 (b) 409
(c) 25.5°C (d) 25.6°C (c) 400 (d) 396
77. The average of 8 numbers is 20. The average of first two 86. The average weight of 8 persons increase by 2.5 kg when a
1 1 new person comes in place of one of them weighing 65 kg.
numbers is 15 and that of the next three is 21 . If the The weight of the new person is [SSC 2015]
2 3
sixth number be less than the seventh and eighth numbers (a) 76 kg (b) 76.5 kg
by 4 and 7 respectively, then the eighth number is (c) 84 kg (d) 85 kg
(a) 27 (b) 25
87. The average of x numbers is y2 and the average of y numbers
(c) 22 (d) 18
is x2. So, the average of all the numbers taken together is
78. Three Science classes A, B and C take a Life Science test. [SSC 2011]
The average score of class A is 83. The average score of xy 2 3
(a) (b) xy  yx
class B is 76. The average score of class C is 85. The average
score of class A and B is 79 and the average score of class B x2  y2 x3  y 3
(c) (d)
and C is 81. Then the average score of classes A, B and C is x y x y
[SSC CGL 2015]
(a) 80 (b) 80.5 88. A man bought 13 articles at 70 each, 15 at 60 each and
(c) 81 (d) 81.5 12 at 65 each. The average price per article is
[SSC 2012]
79. If the arithmetic mean of 3a and 4b is greater than 50 and a (a) 60.25 (b) 62.25
is twice of b, then the smallest possible integer value of a is (c) 64.75 (d) 65.75
[SSC CGL 2015]
 Average 11.7
89. A student was asked to find the arithmetic mean of the (a) 44 (b) 45
following 12 numbers: 3, 11, 7, 9, 15, 13, 8, 19, 17, 21, 14 1 1
(c) 45 (d) 46
and x. He found the mean to be 12. The value of x will be 2 2
(a) 31 (b) 17 99. The average of three numbers is 135. The largest number is
(c) 7 (d) 3 195 and the difference between the other two is 20. The
90. If the average of eight consecutive even numbers be 93, smallest number is [SSC MTS 2011]
then the greatest number among them is [SSC CGL 2015] (a) 115 (b) 105
(a) 86 (b) 98 (c) 95 (d) 65
(c) 100 (d) 102 100. The average of nine numbers is 50. The average of the first
91. The average salary of all the workers in a workshop is five numbers is 54 and that of the last three numbers is 52.
8000. The average salary of 7 technicians is 12,000 and Then the sixth number is [SSC 2013]
the average salary of the rest is 6000. The total number of (a) 24 (b) 30
workers in the workshop is [SSC 2014] (c) 34 (d) 44
(a) 23 (b) 22
101. The average of the first nine integral multiples of 3 is
(c) 21 (d) 20
[SSC 2013]
92. The average of 50 numbers is 38. If two numbers, namely (a) 12 (b) 15
45 and 55 are discarded, the average of the remaining (c) 18 (d) 21
numbers is [SSC CGL 2014]
(a) 36.5 (b) 37.0 102. The average of three consecutive odd numbers is 12 more
(c) 37.5 (d) 37.9 than one third of the first of these numbers. What is the last
of the three numbers? [SSC CGL 2011]
93. The batting average for 30 innings of a cricket player is 40
(a) 19 (b) 17
runs. His highest score exceeds his lowest score by 100
(c) 15 (d) Data inadequate
runs. If these two innings are not included, the average of
the remaining 28 innings is 38 runs. The lowest score of the 103. A librarian purchased 50 storybooks for his library. But he
player is [SSC 2013] saw that he could get 14 more books by spending 76 more
(a) 12 (b) 15 and the average price per book would be reduced by 1.
(c) 18 (d) 20 The average price (in ) of each book he bought was
[SSC CGL 2015]
94. If the mean of 4 observations is 20, when a constant ‘C’ is
added to each observation, the mean becomes 22. The value (a) 10 (b) 15
of C is [SSC 2012]
(c) 20 (d) 25
(a) – 2 (b) 2 104. Six tables and twelve chairs were bought for  7800. If the
(c) 4 (d) 6 average price of a table is 750, then the average price of
95. In a family of 5 members, the average age at present is 33 a chair would be [SSC MTS 2013]
years. The youngest member is 9 years old. The average (a) 150 (b)  175
age of the family just before the birth of the youngest (c) 250 (d)  275
member was [SSC 2013] 105. The average of the largest and smallest 3 digit numbers
(a) 24 years (b) 25 years formed by 0, 2 and 4 would be [SSC CGL 2015]
(c) 29 years (d) 30 years (a) 213 (b) 222
96. In a team of 10 persons, nine persons spent 40 each for (c) 303 (d) 312
their meal and the remaining one spent 9 more than the 106. The average of 5 consecutive integers starting with ‘m’ is n.
average expenditure of all the 10 persons. The total What is the average of 6 consecutive integers starting with
expenditure for their meal was [SSC CGL 2015] (m + 2)? [SSC 2012]
(a) 310 (b) 410
(c) 510 (d) 610 (a)  n  2 (b)  n  3
97. The average of 20 numbers is 15 and the average of first 2n  5 2n  9
five is 12. The average of the rest is [SSC 2013]
(c) (d)
2 2
(a) 13 (b) 14
(c) 15 (d) 16 107. The batting average of a cricket player for 64 innings is 62
runs. His highest score exceeds his lowest score by 180
98. The average marks of 32 boys of section A of class X is 60 runs. Excluding these two innings, the average of remaining
whereas the average marks of 40 boys of section B of class innings becomes 60 runs. His highest score was [SSC 2011]
X is 33. The average marks for both the sections combined (a) 214 runs (b) 212 runs
together is
(c) 209 runs (d) 180 runs
 11.8 Average

108. The average age of P, Q and R is 5 years more than R’s age. 118. The average monthly expenditure of a family is 2200
If the total ages of P and Q together is 39 years, then R’s during the first three months, 2550 during the next four
age is [SSC 2014] months and 3120 during the last five months of the year.
(a) 12 years (b) 14 years If the total savings during the year was 1260, what is the
(c) 16 years (d) 24 years average monthly income? [SSC 2012]
(a) 2,850 (b) 2,805
109. When the average age of a husband and wife and their son
(c) 1,280 (d) 1,260
was 42 years the son got married and a child was born just
one year after the marriage. When the child turned to be 119. If the average of 20 observations x1 , x2 , ...., x20 is y, then
five years then the average age of family became 36 years.
the average of x1  101, x2  101, x3  101, ..... x20  101 is
What was the age of daughter-in-law at the time of marriage?
[SSC 2011]
(a) 23 years (b) 24 years
(c) 25 years (d) 26 years (a) y – 101 (b) y – 20
(c) 20y (d) 101y
110. The average of 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, ………..to 25 terms is
120. Six friends have an average height of 167 cm. A boy with
[SSC 2015]
height 162 cm leaves the group. Find the new average height.
(a) 25 (b) 50
[SSC 2015]
(c) 125 (d) 625
(a) 166 cm (b) 167 cm
111. The average of 8 numbers is 27. If each of the numbers is (c) 168 cm (d) 169 cm
multiplied by 8, find the average of new set of numbers. 121. The average of some natural numbers is 15. If 30 is added
[SSC 2013]
to first number and 5 is subtracted from the last number the
(a) 216 (b) 316 average becomes 17.5 then the number of natural numbers
(c) 938 (d) 1128 is [SSC 2015]
112. The average weight of five persons siting in a boat is 38 kg. (a) 10 (b) 15
The average weight of the boat and the persons sitting in the (c) 20 (d) 30
boat is 52 kg. What is the weight of the boat? [SSC 2012]
122. The average age of 6 sons of a family is 8 years. The average
(a) 122 kg (b) 228 kg age of sons together with their parents is 22 years. If the
(c) 232 kg (d) 242 kg father is older than the mother by 8 years, the age of mother
113. The average of the first 100 positive integers is (in years) is
[SSC CGL 2010] (a) 68 (b) 60
(a) 49.5 (b) 50.5 (c) 52 (d) 44
(c) 51 (d) 100 123. The average of all the numbers between 6 and 50 which are
114. What is the average of the first six (positive) odd numbers divisible by 5 is [SSC 2014]
each of which is divisible by 7? [SSC MTS 2013] (a) 22 (b) 27.5
(a) 49 (b) 47 (c) 28.5 (d) 30
(c) 43 (d) 42 124. The average of n numbers x1 , x2 ,...., xn is x . Then the value
115. A cricketer whose bowling average is 12.4 runs per wicket n

takes 5 wickets for 26 runs and thereby decreases his average of   x i  x  is equal to [SSC 2011]
i 1
by 0.4. The number of wickets taken by him till the last (a) 0 (b) n
match was [SSC 2014]
(c) x (d) nx
(a) 85 (b) 80
(c) 72 (d) 64 125. Average of n numbers is a. The first number is increased by
2, the second one is increased by 4, the third one is increased
116. The average age of a husband and his wife was 23 years at by 8 and so on. The average of the new numbers is
the time of their marriage. After five years they have a one [SSC CGL 2015]
year old child. The average age of the family now is
2n 1  1 2n 1
[SSC 2015] (a) a (b) a 
n n
(a) 19 years (b) 23 years
2n  1  2n  1 
(c) 28.5 years (d) 29.3 years (c) a (d) a  2  
117. The average weight of A, B and C is 45 kg. If the average
n  n 
weight of A and B be 40 kg and that of B and C be 43 kg, 126. The average of the squares of first ten natural numbers is
then the weight (in kg) of B is [SSC CGL 2015] [SSC 2010]
(a) 17 (b) 20 (a) 38.5 (b) 37.5
(c) 26 (d) 31 (c) 36 (d) 35.5
 Average 11.9
127. A student finds the average of ten 2 digit numbers. While (c) 1 – 2m (d) 1 – m2
copying numbers, by mistake, he writes one number with 129. There are 100 students in 3 sections A, B and C of a class.
its digits interchanged. As a result his answer is 1.8 less The average marks of all the 3 sections were 84. The average
than the correct answer. The difference of the digits of the of B and C was 87.5 and the average marks of A is 70. The
number, in which he made mistake, is [SSC 2010]
number of students in A was [SSC CGL 2014]
(a) 6 (b) 4 (a) 20 (b) 25
(c) 3 (d) 2 (c) 30 (d) 35
1
128. If the average of x and  x  0  is m, then the average of 130. Out of 20 boys, 6 are each of 1 m 15 cm height, 8 are of 1 m
x 10 cm and rest are 1 m 12 cm. The average height of all of
1 them is [SSC MTS 2013]
x2 and is [SSC 2011]
x2 (a) 1 m 12 cm (b) 1 m 12.1 cm
(a) 2m + 1 (b) 2m2 – 1 (c) 1 m 21 cm (d) 1 m 21.1 cm

ANSWERS
1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (d) 5. (b) 6. (c) 7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (b) 10. (c)
11. (d) 12. (a) 13. (d) 14. (b) 15. (b) 16. (d) 17. (c) 18. (b) 19. (b) 20. (c)
21. (c) 22. (b) 23. (d) 24. (c) 25. (a) 26. (d) 27. (d) 28. (b) 29. (b) 30. (a)
31. (c) 32. (a) 33. (b) 34. (b) 35. (d) 36. (b) 37. (d) 38. (d) 39. (b) 40. (b)
41. (d) 42. (c) 43. (d) 44. (a) 45. (c) 46. (b) 47. (a) 48. (a) 49. (c) 50. (c)
51. (b) 52. (b) 53. (d) 54. (b) 55. (c) 56. (c) 57. (a) 58. (b) 59. (a) 60. (b)
61. (c) 62. (b) 63. (a) 64. (c) 65. (c) 66. (c) 67. (a) 68. (c) 69. (c) 70. (b)
71. (b) 72. (b) 73. (a) 74. (c) 75. (b) 76. (d) 77. (b) 78. (d) 79. (d) 80. (b)
81. (b) 82. (c) 83. (a) 84. (d) 85. (d) 86. (d) 87. (a) 88. (c) 89. (c) 90. (a)
91. (c) 92. (c) 93. (c) 94. (b) 95. (d) 96. (b) 97. (d) 98. (b) 99. (c) 100. (a)
101. (b) 102. (a) 103. (a) 104. (d) 105. (d) 106. (c) 107. (a) 108. (a) 109. (c) 110. (a)
111. (a) 112. (a) 113. (b) 114. (d) 115. (a) 116. (a) 117. (d) 118. (b) 119. (a) 120. (c)
121. (a) 122. (b) 123. (b) 124. (a) 125. (d) 126. (a) 127. (d) 128. (b) 129. (a) 130. (b)

SOLUTIONS
1. Sum of the ages of the players = 12 × 23 = 276 years.  80 
Average age 8 years ago    years = 16 years.
Sum of the ages of players including coach = (13 × 25) years  5 
= 325 years .  Note : At the time of birth of the youngest member, 
 Age of the coach = (325 – 276)years = 49 years.  the number of family members was 5 (and not 4). 
 
2. Sum of ages of 6 members of the family 4. Total age of 120 members = (120 × 60.7) yrs = 7284 yrs.
= 6 × 20 = 120 years. Total age of (120 + 30) members i.e. 150 members = (150 × 56.3)
125 yrs
Including servant, Average Age  20   25 years.
100 = 8445 yrs.
Then, Sum of ages of family members including the servant Total age of 30 new members = (8445 – 7284) yrs = 1161 yrs..
= 25 × 7 = 175 years. Average age of 30 new members = 38.7 yrs.
Age of the servant = (175 – 120) years = 55 years. 5. Total marks = 35 × 35 = 1225.
3. Sum of the present ages of the family members = 5 × 24 = 120 Total correct marks = 1225 – 65 + 35 = 1195.
years. 1195
 Correct average = = 34.14.
Sum of the ages 8 years ago 35
(at the time of birth of the youngest member) 6. Let the second number be x.
= 120 – 5 × 8 = 80 years. x
Then, first number = 2x and third number =
3
 11.10 Average

x 496 1
 2x  x   3  20  60 [ Average of 3 numbers = 20]  Required average age =  10 years = 10 years 4 months.
3 12  4 3
 10x = 180 x = 18
 x 13. Using the rule of allegation
 The largest number (2x) = 36 and the smallest number   = 6. Average marks Average marks
3
(Class A ) (Class B)
 Required sum = 36 + 6 = 42. 25 40
7. Let the five numbers be x, x + 1, x + 2, x + 3 and x + 4. Then,
x + x + 1 + x + 2 + x + 3 + x + 4 = 5m
Average score
[ Average of 5 numbers = m] (Class A + B)
5x + 10 = 5m x=m–2 30
The next three natural numbers are x + 5 = m + 3, x + 6
= m + 4 and x + 7 = m + 5. 40 – 30 = 10 30 – 25 = 5
 Required Average  The ratio of the students in classes A and B is 10 : 5 = 2 : 1.
x  x 1 x  2  x  3  x  4  x  5  x  6  x  7 14. Let the number of boys and girls be 3x and x respectively. Then,
=
8 Total score (boys + girls) = 4Ax.
5m  m  3  m  4  m  5 Total score of boys = 3x(A + 1) = 3Ax + 3x
=  m  1.5 .
8 Total score of girls = 4Ax – (3Ax + 3x) = Ax – 3x.
So, the average of these 8 numbers is 1.5 more than m. Ax  3 x
 Average score of the girls = = A – 3.
8. Let four numbers be a, b, c and d x
Sum of first three numbers (a + b + c) = 16 × 3 = 48 ...(i) 15. Total runs scored by 11 players = 11 × 23 = 253.
Sum of last three numbers (b + c + d) = 15 × 3 = 45 ...(ii) Runs scored by first player = 113.
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we get So, Runs scored by remaining 10 players = 253 – 113 = 140.
a – d = 48 – 45 = 3 140
 Average of remaining players = = 14.
a = 3 + d = 3 + 20 = 23. [ last number (d) = 20] 10
9. There are 10 odd numbers between 2 and 22 which are 16. Let the weight of the 12th person be x kg
3, 5, 7, .... 19, 21. Then, average weight of all the 12 persons = (x – 33) kg
Sum of these numbers = 3 + 5 + ... + 21  Total weight of 12 persons = 12 (x – 33).
10
=  6  10  1  2   120 . Now, Total weight of 11 persons = 11 × 95 = 1045 kg.
2 
 1045 + x = 12 (x – 33)  11x = 1441  x = 131.
 n 
 Sum of n terms of an A.P. = 2  2a   n  1 d   So, the weight of 12th person is 131 kg.
 
17. Average of all the numbers
120
 Required average = = 12. Sum of x numbers + Sum of y numbers xy  yx 2 xy
10 = =  .
Total number of numbers taken x y x y
10. Suppose the correct two digit number be 10x + y and correct average
be m. Then, 18. Sum of six numbers = 3.95 × 6 = 23.7
New average = m + 3.6 and Sum of two of them = 3.4 × 2 = 6.8
Number with digits interchanged = 10y + x Sum of other two numbers = 3.85 × 2 = 7.70
 10m – (10x + y) + (10y + x) = 10(m + 3.6)  Sum of remaining two numbers = 23.7 – (6.8 + 7.70) = 9.2.
 9y – 9x = 36 y – x = 4. 9.2
 Average of the remaining two numbers = = 4.6.
So, the difference of the digits is 4. 2
19. Let the third number be x.
11. Suppose the runs made by him in the 11th innings be x. 3
Then, first number = 3x and second number = x
 10 × 32 + x = 11 × (32 + 6) 320 + x = 418 x = 98. 4
1 3
 3x  x  x  3  95  285 [ Average of three numbers = 95]
12. Total age of 30 students = 30  14  430 years 4
3
3 1925  19x = 1140 x = 60.
Now, total age of 35 students = 35  13  years
4 4 So, the third number is 60.
1925 205 20. Sum of 20 numbers = 20 × 35 = 700.
 Total age of 5 new students =  430 = years Correct sum = 700 – 45 + 85 = 740.
4 4
205 11 496 740
Total age of 4 students = 9  years.  Correct average = = 37.
4 12 12 20
 Average 11.11
21. Total sum of 100 items = 46 × 100 = 4600. Subtracting (iii) from (ii), we get :
Correct sum of 90 items = 4600 – 61 – 34 + 16 + 43 = 4564. Weight of (A – E) = 320 – 316 = 4 kg.
4564  Weight of A = 4 + (weight of E) = (4 + 71) kg = 75 kg.
 Correct mean = = 50.7. 29. Sum of 30 numbers = 40 × 30 = 1200.
90
22. Total runs required in the match = 20 × 7.2 = 144. Sum of other 40 numbers = 40 × 30 = 1200.
Sum of all 70 numbers = 1200 + 1200 = 2400.
Runs scored in first 15 overs = 15 × 6 = 90.
2400 2
Runs to be scored in the remaining 5 overs = 144 – 90 = 54. Required average =  34 .
70 7
54
 Required run rate = = 10.8. 30. Suppose the five consecutive positive integers be x, x + 1, x + 2,
5
x + 3, and x + 4. Then,
23. Sum of 50 numbers = 50 × 38 = 1900.
Total sum of five integers = 5n [ average of five integers = n]
Sum of remaining 48 numbers = 1900 – 45 – 55 = 1800.
 x + x + 1 + x + 2 + x + 3 + x + 4 = 5n x=n–2
1800
 Required average = = 37.5.  x + 5 = n – 2 + 5 = n + 3 and x + 6 = n – 2 + 6 = n + 4.
48
 Average of all 7 integers
24. Let the age of new boy be x years
x  x  1  ...  x  4  x  5  x  6 5n  n  3  n  4
Total age of 30 boys = 30 × 17 = 510 years[ Average = 17 years] = =  n  1.
7 7
Total new age of 30 boys = 30 × 16.9 = 507 years. So, the average of all integers will increase by 1.
[ New average = 16.9 years] 31. Let the three numbers be a, b and c. Then,
 510 – 18 + x = 507  x = 15. Sum of first two numbers (a + b) = 4 ... (i)
So, the age of new boy is 15 years. Sum of last two numbers (b + c) = 6 ... (ii)
Another Method: Sum of first and last numbers (a + c) = 8 ... (iii)
Age of new comer A = (a – Nb) = 18 – 30 × 0.1 = 15 years Adding (i), (ii) and (iii), we get:
[See TF 7(ii)] 2(a + b + c) = 18 a + b + c = 9.
9
 Note : a = age of person who left = 18 yrs   Required average =  3.
 b  old avg–New avg = 17 – 16.9 = 0.1 yrs 
3
 32. Total income (A + B) = 2 × 200 = 400. ... (i)
 = 0.1 yrs. 
Total income (C + D) = 2 × 250 = 500. ... (ii)
25. 5 years ago, total age (P + Q) = 2 × 15 = 30 years Adding (i) and (ii), we get
Total present age (P + Q) = 30 + 5 + 5 = 40 years ... (i) Total income (A + B + C + D) = 400 + 500 = 900.
Now, total present age (P + Q + R) = 3 × 20 = 60 years ... (ii) 900
 Required average income = = 225.
Subtracting (i) from (ii), we get present age of R = 20 years 4
 The age of R after 10 years = (20 + 10) = 30 years. 33. Let the total number of candidates be x.
 45x + 100(60 – 30) = 60x  x = 200.
400
26. Sales tax on item costing 400 = 7% of 400 = 7  = 28. So, the total number of candidates is 200.
100
34. Let the number of wickets taken before the last match be x.
6400
Sales tax on item costing 6400 = 9% of 6400 = 9  = 576. Then, number of wickets taken after this match = x + 5
100
 12.4x + 26 = (12.4 – 0.2) × (x + 5)
Total costing of both items = (6400 + 400) = 6800.
 12.4x + 26 = 12.2x + 61 0.2x = 35 x = 175.
Total sales tax = (28 + 576) = 604.
35. Using the rule of allegation
604 15
 Sales tax(%) =  100  8 %. Average score
6800 17 (girls) (boys)
27. The age of new boy = (17 – 40 × 0.125) years = 12 years. 73 71
[See TF 7 (ii)]
28. Total weight (A + B + C) = 84 × 3 = 252 kg. ... (i)
[ Average weight (A + B + C) = 84 kg] Average score
(whole class)
Total weight (A + B + C + D) = 80 × 4 = 320 kg. ... (ii)
71.8
[ Average weight (A + B + C + D) = 80 kg]
Subtracting (i) from (ii), we get :
Weight of D = 320 – 252 = 68 kg 0.8 1.2
 Weight of E = 68 + 3 = 71 kg.  Ratio of number of girls to the number of boys = 0.8 : 1.2 = 2 : 3.
Total weight (B + C + D + E) = 79 × 4 = 316 kg. ... (iii) 2
[ Average weight (B + C + D + E) = 79 kg]  Percentage of girls =  100 = 40%.
5
 11.12 Average

36. Suppose the weight of new student be x kg and old average weight  Average monthly income of all the workers
of the class be y kg. Then, 11xS  xT 11S  T
 1 =  .
New average weight =  y   kg 12 x 12
 2 42. Let the average weight of 15 men be x kg and the weight of new
 1 man be y kg.
 50y – 50 + x = 50  y   x – 50 = 25  x = 75.
 2
 15x – 42 + y = 15 (x + 1.6) y = 66.
So, the weight of new student is 75 kg.
So, the weight of new man is 66 kg.
Another Method :
1.11  0.01  0.101  0.001  0.11
1 43. Required average =
Weight of new student A = (a  Nb)  50  50   75 kg 5
2 1.332
[See TF 7(i)] = = 0.2664.
5
 Note : a = weight of person who left = 50 kg,  44. Total sum of 30 numbers = 30 × 15 = 450
 1 
 b  old avg – new avg  kg  Sum of first 18 numbers = 18 × 10 = 180
 2 
Sum of next 11 numbers = 11 × 20 = 220
3  8  20  2  26  m  29  1  Last number = 450 – (180 + 220) = 50.
37. Average age =
3  2  m 1
45. Sum of 13 results = 13 × 70 = 910.
93  26m Sum of first 7 results = 7 × 65 = 455.
 17 = 102 + 17m = 93 + 26m  m = 1.
6m
Sum of last 7 results = 7 × 75 = 525.
38. Suppose initial expenditure on food per day be x and average  Seventh result = (525 + 455) – 910 = 70.
expenditure of 35 students be y
x 46. Let the 8 numbers be x, x + 1, x + 2, x + 3, x + 4, x + 5, x + 6 and
 35y = x  y = . ... (i) x + 7. Then,
35
Sum of these 8 numbers = 6.5 × 8 = 52
Now, expenditure on food per day =  (x + 42) and Average
expenditure of 42 student = (y – 1) [ average of 8 numbers = 6.5]
 42(y –1) = x + 42  42y – 42 = x + 42  42y = x + 84  x + x + 1 + x + 2 + x + 3 + x + 4 + x + 5 + x + 6 + x + 7 = 52

 x   8x + 28 = 52  x = 3
 42    x  84 [from (i)] Smallest number (x) = 3 and largest number x + 7 = 10.
 35 
3  10
x = 420.  Average = = 6.5.
2
So, the initial expenditure on food per day is 420.
47. Suppose a = x, b = x + 2, c = x + 4, d = x + 6 and e = x + 8
39. Suppose 13 consecutive odd integers be x, x + 2, x + 4, ... ,
x x2 x 4 x6 x8
x + 24 Then, Then, Average =  x4
5
x + x + 2 + .... + x + 12 = 7 × 37 = 259
= a + 4. [ a = x]
[ Average of first 7 intergers = 37]
48. Suppose a = x – 6, b = x – 4, c = x – 2, d = x, e = x + 2, f = x + 4 and
7x + 42 = 259  x = 31
g = x + 6.
 13 consecutive integers are 31, 33, 35, ... , 55.
j = y – 4, k = y – 2, l = y, m = y + 2 and n = y + 4.
13
62  12  1 2  Required average of all the 12 numbers
31  33  ....  55
Required average =  2 = 43.  a  b  ....  g    j  k  ....  n 
13 13 =
12
 sum of first n terms of an A.P. with first term 
 n   x  6    x  4   ....   x  6    y  4    y  2   ....   y  4 
a and common diff. d = 2a   n  1 d   =
 2  12

7 x  5 y 7d  5l
40. Let the number of subjects be x. Then, =  . [ d = x and l = y]
12 12
Total marks aimed = 80x.
49. Let the 6 numbers be x, x + 2, x + 4, x + 6, x + 8 and x + 10
Now, total marks in quaterly = 77x and
Then, x + x + 2 + x + 4 + x + 6 + x + 8 + x + 10 = 25 × 6 = 150.
Total marks in half yearly = 82x.
So, 82x – 77x = 25  x = 5. [ Average of 6 numbers = 25]
 Total marks aimed = 80 × 5 = 400. 6x + 30 = 150  x = 20
41. Let the number of other workers be x. Then, Largest number = x + 10 = 30 and smallest number = x = 20.
Number of agricultural workers = 11x.
 Required difference = 30 – 20 = 10.
Now, total monthly income of agricultural workers = 11xS
50. Total monthly income (P + Q) = 2 × 5050 = 10100 ... (i)
and total monthly income of other workers = xT.
 Average 11.13
Total monthly income (Q + R) = 2 × 6250 = 12500 ... (ii)  Required difference = 72 – 12 = 60.
Total monthly income (P + R) = 2 × 5200 = 10400 ... (iii) 60. Let the four numbers be x, x + 2, x + 4 and x + 6. Then,
Adding (i), (ii) and (iii), we get: 2(P + Q + R) = 33000 x + x + 2 + x + 4 + x + 6 = 4 × 15 = 60. [ Average = 15]
 Total monthly income (P + Q + R) = 16500 ... (iv)  4x + 12 = 60  x = 12.
 The second largest number = x + 2 = 12 + 2 = 14.
Subtracting (ii) from (iv), we get:
61. Suppose the weight of new man be x and old average weight be y.
Monthly income of P = 16500 – 12500 = 4000.
1
51. Total sum of 20 items = 20 × 55 = 1100. Then, new average weight = y  .
3
1100  45  30
 Average of remaining 18 items = = 56.9.  1
18  12y – 55 + x = 12  y   – 55 + x = 4  x = 59.
52. Let the weight of teacher be x kg  3
So, the weight of new man is 59 kg.
 34 × 42 + x = 35 × (42 + 0.4) 1428 + x = 1484
62. Total weight of 50 students = 50 × 45 = 2250 kg.
x = 56 kg. Total weight of 49 students = 49 × (45 – 0.1) = 2200.1 kg.
53. Total age (A + B + C + D) = 4 × 5 = 20 years ... (i)  Weight of the student who left the class = (2250 – 2200.1) kg.
Total age (A + B + D + E) = 4 × 6 = 24 years ... (ii) = 49.9 kg.
Subtracting (i) from (ii), we get 63. Let the average after 17th innings be x. Then,
E’s age – C’s age = 4 years Average before 17th innings = x – 3.
E’s age = 4 + 8 = 12 years. [ C’s age = 8 years]  16(x – 3) + 87 = 17x  x = 39.
54. Let the present age of the baby be x years So, his average after 17th innings is 39.
Three years ago, total age of the family = 5 × 17 = 85 years. 64. Let the age of the baby be x years.
Now, total age of the family = 6 × 17 = 102 years. Two years ago, total age of 8 members = 8 × 18 = 144 years
 85 + (3 × 5) + x = 102 x = 2 years. Now, total age of 9 members = 9 × 18 = 162 years
55. Let the number of boys be x. Then,  144 + (2 × 8) + x = 162  x = 2 years.
65. Total salary (1 Jan. 1983 – 1 O ct. 1983)
Number of girls = 50 – x.
= 380 × 9 = 3420 ... (i)
Total marks of 50 students = 50 × 72 = 3600.
Total salary (1 Oct. 1983 – 1 Oct. 1984) = 420 × 12 = 5040 ... (ii)
Total marks of x boys = 70x. Total salary (1 Oct. 1984 – 1 Oct. 1985) = 460 × 12 = 5520... (iii)
Total marks of (50 – x) girls = 75 × (50 – x) = 3750 – 75x. Total salary (1 Oct. 1985 – 1 Jan. 1986) = 500 × 3 = 1500 ... (iv)
 70x + 3750 – 75x = 3600 x = 30. Adding (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv), we get:
56. Required arithmetic mean Total salary during last 3 years = 15480
11  2  2  3  3  4  4  5  5  6  6  7  7 15480
= Average monthly salary during last 3 years = = 430.
1 2  3  4  5  6  7 3  12
 7  8  15  430
 Required monthly pension = = 215.
12  22  32  42  52  62  7 2  6

 2
=  = 5. 66. Let the average marks of whole class be x.
1 2  3  4  5  6  7  78 
  Using the rule of allegation
 2 
 2 n  n  1 2n  1  Average marks Average marks
 1  2  ...  n 
2 2
 (boys) (girls)
 6  87 85
 n  n  1 
and 1  2  ...  n 
 2 
57. We have total 5 sundays and 25 other days Average marks
510  5  240  25 (whole class)
 Average number of visitors per day = = 285. x
30
58. Required income in the eighth month
= (8 × 3160 + 5 × 4120) – 12 × 3400 = 5080. (x – 85) (87 – x)
59. Let the second number be x. 87  x 4
x    435  5 x  4 x  340  x  86.1.
Then, first number = 2x and third number = x  85 5
3 67. Average price per kg of mixed rice
x
 2 x  x   3  40  120 [ Average of 3 numbers = 40] Total price of rice costing 30 per kg
3
 10x = 360  x = 36 + Total price of rice costing 40 per kg
=
 The largest number (2x) = 72 and the smallest number Total quantity of mixed rice
 x 12  30  8  40
  = 12. =  34.
3 12  8
 11.14 Average

68. Suppose the number of male employees and female employees be 76. Total temperature of first four days = 25 × 4 = 100°C.
x and y respectively. Total temperature of last four days = 25.5 × 4 = 102°C.
Then, Total salary of all the employees = 12000 (x + y). Total temperature of whole week = 25.2 × 7 = 176.4°C.
Total salary of male employees = 15000x.  Temperature on the 4th day = (100 + 102) – 176.4 = 25.6°C.
Total salary of female employees = 8000y. 77. Let eighth number be x. Then,
 12000 (x + y) = 15000x + 8000y
Sixth number = x – 7 and seventh number = x – 3.
x 4
 4000y = 3000x  = . Total sum of 8 numbers = 8 × 20 = 160.
y 3
1
 Required ratio = 4 : 3. Sum of first 2 numbers = 2 × 15 = 31.
2
69. The first ten prime numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23
and 29 1
Sum of next 3 numbers = 3 × 21 = 64.
2  3  5  7  11  13  17  19  23  29 3
 Req. average = = 12.9.  31 + 64 + x – 7 + x – 3 + x = 160  x = 25.
10
70. Average marks of all the students So, eighth number is 25.
55  50  60  55  45  60 78. Suppose there are x, y and z students in classes A, B and C
= = 54.68.
55  60  45 respectively. Then,
71. Let the four numbers be a, b, c and d. Then,
Total score (A) = 83x.
abc
 2d  a  b  c  6d ... (i) Total score (B) = 76y.
3
Now, a + b + c + d = 4 × 12 = 48[ Average of 4 numbers = 12] Total score (C) = 85z.
48 Also, total score (A + B) = 79 (x + y) .
 6d + d = 48  d = . [from (i)]
7 [Average score (A + B) = 79]
So, the fourth number is
48  83x + 76y = 79 (x + y)
.
7
4
72. Sum of six numbers = 6 × 32 = 192.  4x = 3y y= x. ... (i)
3
New sum = 192 + (2 + 2 + 2) – (4 + 4 + 4) = 186.
Now, total score (B + C) = 81 (y + z)
186 [Average score (B + C) = 81]
 New average = = 31.
6 76y + 85z = 81 (y + z)
73. Using the rule of allegation
5 5 4 
Average marks Average marks  4z = 5y z= y=  x [From equation (i)]
(boys) (girls)
4 4 3 
12 11 5
z= x. ... (ii)
3
 Average score of A, B and C
Average age (School) 4  5 
11 years and 9 months 83 x  76  x   85  x 
83x  76 y  85 z 3  3 
= =
x yz 4 5
x x x
3 3
9 months 3 months [From equation (i) and (ii)]
 Ratio of number of boys to the number of girls = 9 : 3 = 3 : 1 978 x
= = 81.5.
600 12 x
 Number of girls =  1  150 3a  4b
31 79.  50  3a + 4b > 100
2
74. Let the number of big, medium and small sized apples be 3x, 2x
and 5x respectively.  3a + 2a > 100 [ a = 2b]
3 x  15  2 x  10  5 x  5 90 x  5a > 100 a > 20.
 Average cost of an apple = 
3x  2 x  5 x 10 x  The smallest possible integral value of a is 21.
= 9 . 80. Let the 8 numbers be x, x + 1, x + 2, x + 3, x + 4, x + 5, x + 6 and
75. 5 years ago, total age (A + B + C + D) = 4 × 45 = 180 years x + 7. Then, x + 3 + x + 4 = 2 × 6 = 12 .
 Total present age (A + B + C + D) = (180 + 4 × 5) = 200 years. [Average of 2 middle numbers = 6]
... (i)
2x + 7 = 12  x = 2.5.
Now, total present age (A + B + C + D + E) = 5 × 49 = 245 years.
... (ii) x+x+1+x+2+x+3+x+4+x+5+x+6+x+7

Subtracting (i) from (ii), we get: = 8x + 28 = 8 × 2.5 + 28 = 48.

Age of E = (245 – 200) = 45 years. 81. Total marks of 40 students = 40 × 86 = 3440.
 Average 11.15
Total marks of 35 students = 35 × (86 – 1) = 2975 The highest score = x + 100.
Total marks of top 5 students = 3440 – 2975 = 465.  30 × 40 – x – (x + 100) = 28 × 38
465 1200 – 2x – 100 = 1064 x = 18.
 Required average marks = = 93.
5 94. c = 2
82. Let the new average be x. Then, [ If the average of n observations x1 , x2 , ..., xn is m, then the
Average before 65th inning = x + 2. average of x1  a, x2  a, ..., xn  a is m + a]
 64(x + 2) + 0 = 65x x = 128. 95. Total present age of the family = 5 × 33 = 165 years
83. Total age (Ram + 2 children) = 3 × 17 = 51 years ... (i) Total age of the family just before the birth of the youngest
member = 165 – (5 × 9) = 120 years
Total age (Ram’s wife + 2 children) = 3 × 16 = 48 years ... (ii)
120
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we get  Required average = = 30 years.
4
Ram’s age – Ram’s wife age = 3 years 96. Let the total expenditure be x. Then,
x
 Ram’s wife age = (33 – 3) = 30 years. [ Ram’s age = 33] Average expenditure of 10 persons =
10
84. Required arithmetic mean
 x 
330  360  390 3(329  359  389 )  x  9  40    9   10x = 3690 + x  x = 410.
=  = 329 + 359 + 389.  10 
3 3
So, the total expenditure is 410.
85. Let the number of students be x
97. Sum of 20 numbers = 15 × 20 = 300.
 6 × x + 12 × 40 = (12 + x) × 7  6x + 480 = 84 + 7x
Sum of first five numbers = 12 × 5 = 60.
x = 396.
Sum of rest 15 numbers = 300 – 60 = 240.
86. Let the average weight of 8 persons be x kg and the weight of new
240
person be y kg.  Average of the rest 15 numbers = = 16.
15
 8x – 65 + y = 8 (x + 2.5)  – 65 + y = 20  y = 85. 98. Average marks for both the sections
So, the weight of new person is 85 kg. Total marks of section A + Total marks of section B
=
Another Method : Number of boys in section A + Number of boys in section B
The weight of new person = (65 + 8 × 2.5) = 85 kg. [See TF 7 (i)] 32  60  40  33
= = 45.
87. Average of all the numbers taken together 32  40
Sum of x numbers + Sum of y numbers 99. Let the smallest number be x. Then,
=
Total number of numbers taken Second largest number = x + 20
xy 2  yx 2 xy  x  y  Sum of 3 numbers = 3 × 135 = 405
=   xy . [ average of 3 numbers = 135]
x y x y
 x + x + 20 + 195 = 405  x = 95.
13  70  15  60  12  65
88. Average price per article = = 64.75. So, the smallest number is 95.
13  15  12
89. Arithmetic mean 100. Total sum of 9 numbers = 9 × 50 = 450
3  11  7  9  15  13  8  19  17  21  14  x Total sum of first 5 numbers = 5 × 54 = 270
=
12 Total sum of last 3 numbers = 3 × 52 = 156
137  x  The 6th number = 450 – (270 + 156) = 24.
 12 =  144 = 137 + x  x = 7.
12
101. The average of first nine multiples of 3
90. Let the 8 numbers be x, x + 2, x + 4, x + 6, x + 8, x + 10, x + 12 and
x + 14 Then, 3 1  2  3  ...  9 
3  9  10
=   15 .
x + x + 2 + x + 4 + ... + x + 14 = 8 × 93 = 744 9 9 2
8x + 56 = 744  x = 86. 102. Let the numbers be x, x + 2 and x + 4. Then,
x x2 x4 x
So, the greatest number = x + 14 = 86 + 14 = 100.  12   3x + 6 = 36 + x  x = 15.
3 3
91. Let the number of workers be x. Then,  The last number = x + 4 = 15 + 4 = 19.
8000 × x = 12000 × 7 + 6000 × (x – 7) 103. Let the average price of each book be x.
8000x = 84000 + 6000x – 42000 x = 21. Then, total price of 50 books = 50x.
So, the number of workers in the workshop is 21. Total price of all the 64 books (if he had spent 76 more)
92. Total sum = 50 × 38 = 1900. = 64 (x – 1).
Sum of remaining 48 numbers = 1900 – 45 – 55 = 1800.  50x + 76 = 64 (x – 1) x = 10.
1800
 Average of remaining numbers = = 37.5. So, the average price of each book is 10.
48
93. Let the lowest score be x. Then, 104. Total price of 6 tables and 12 chairs =7800
Total price of 6 tables = 750 × 6 = 4500
 11.16 Average

 Total price of 12 chairs = (7800 – 4500) = 3300.  Weight of boat = 312 – 190 = 122 kg.
n  n  1
3300 113. Sum of first n positive integers =
 Average price of a chair = = 275. 2
12
105. The largest 3 digits number formed by 0, 2 and 4 = 420. 100  101
Sum of first 100 positive integers = = 5050.
The smallest 3 digits number formed by 0, 2 and 4 = 204. 2
420  204 5050
 Average = = 312.  Required average = = 50.50.
2 100
106. Let the five integers be m, m + 1, m + 2,m + 3 114. The first six positive odd multiples of 7 are 7, 21, 35, 49, 63
and m + 4. Then, m + m + 1 + m + 2 + m + 3 + m + 4 = 5n and 77
[ Average of 5 numbers = n] 7  21  35  49  63  77
5m + 10 = 5n m = n – 2.  Required average = = 42.
6
The 6 consecutive integers starting with (m + 2) i.e. n – 2 + 2 i.e.
115. Let the number of wickets taken till the last match be x.
n will be n, n + 1, n + 2, n + 3, n + 4 and n + 5.
 Required Average  Total runs given till the last match = 12.4x
n  n 1 n  2  n  3  n  4  n  5 6n  15 2n  5 Number of wickets after the current match = x + 5
= =  .
6 6 2  Total runs given afer the current match = 12(x + 5).
107. Let the highest score be x. Then,
 12.4x + 26 = 12(x + 5)  12.4x + 26 = 12x + 60
Lowest score = x – 180.
0.4x = 34  x = 85.
 64 × 62 – x – (x – 180) = 62 × 60
So, the number of wickets taken till the last match is 85.
 3968 – 2x + 180 = 3720 x = 214.
116. Total age of husband and wife = 2 × 23 = 46 years
108. Total age (P + Q + R) = 3(5 + R)
After five years, total age of the family = (46 + 5 + 5 + 1) = 57 years.
[Average age (P, Q, R) is 5 more than R’s age] 57
 Required average age = = 19 years.
P + Q + R = 15 + 3R  39 + R = 15 + 3R 3
[ Total age of P + Q = 39 years] 117. Total weight of (A + B + C) = 45 × 3 = 135 kg.
R = 12. Total weight of (A + B) = 40 × 2 = 80 kg.
So, the age of R is 12 years. Total weight of (B + C) = 43 × 2 = 86 kg.
109. Let the present age of daughter-in-law be x years Weight of B = Wt. of {(A + B) + (B + C) – (A + B + C)}
At the time of their marriage, total age (husband + wife + son) = (80 + 86) – 135 = 31 kg.
= 3 × 42 = 126 years. 118. Total expenditure during the whole year
When the child turned to be five, = 2200 × 3 + 2550 × 4 + 3120 × 5 = 32400.
Total age (husband + wife + son + daughter-in-law + child) Total savings during the whole year = 1260
= 5 × 36 = 180 years. Total income during the whole year = 32400 + 1260= 33660
33660
126 + 6 + 6 + 6 + x + 5 = 180 x = 31 years.  Average monthly income = = 2805.
12
 The age of daughter-in-law at the time of marriage 119. We know that, if the average of n observations
= (31 – 6) years = 25 years. x1 , x2 , x3 , ...., xn is m, then the average of n observations
110. Sum of first n odd natural numbers = n2
x1  a, x2  a, x3  a, ...., xn  a is m – a
n2
 Average of first n odd natural numbers = = n. The average of x1  101, x2  101, x3  101, ...., x20  101
n
= y – 101.
And so, the average of 25 odd natural numbers is 25
120. Total height of six friends = 167 × 6 = 1002 cm.
i.e. the average of 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, ... to 25 terms is 25. Total height of remaining five friends = 1002 – 162 = 840 cm.
111. Sum of 8 numbers = 27 × 8 = 216 840
Required average height = = 168 cm.
When each number is multiplied by 8, then sum of new set of 5
numbers = 216 × 8 = 1728. 121. Let the number of natural numbers be x
1728 Then, sum of these natural numbers (before changes) = 15n
Required average = = 216.
8 and sum of these natural numbers (after changes) = 17.5n.
Another Method:  15n + 30 – 5 = 17.5n  n = 10.
New average = 8 × old average = 8 × 27 = 216. [See TF 9] 122. Let the age of the mother be x years. Then,
Age of father = (x + 8) years
112. Total weight of 5 persons = 38 × 5 = 190 kg
 6 × 8 + x + x + 8 = 8 × 22  48 + 2x + 8 = 176  x = 60 years.
Total weight (boat + 5 persons) = 52 × 6 = 312 kg
123. There are 8 numbers between 6 and 50 which are divisible by 5.
 Average 11.17
They are 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45. 127. Suppose the correct two digit number be 10x + y and correct average
10  15  20  25  30  35  40  45 be m. Then, new average = m – 1.8 and the number with digits
 Required average = .
8 interchanged = 10y + x.
8  10m = 10(m – 1.8) – (10y + x) + (10x + y)
10  45 55 n
= 2   27.5. [Sum to n terms of an AP =  a  l  ]  9x – 9y = 18  x – y = 2.
8 2 2
So, the difference of the digits is 2.
124. x1  x2  ....  xn  nx
1 1
 Average of n numbers x1, x2 , ..., xn  x  128. x  = 2m [ Average of x and = m]
x x
n Squaring on both sides, we get
Now,  x i  x  =  x1  x    x2  x   ....   xn  x  1 1
i 1 x 2  2  2  4m2  x 2  2  4m2  2
= x1  x2  ....  xn  nx = nx  nx  0. x x
125. Let n numbers be x1, x2 , x3 , ..., xn . 1 4m 2  2
 Average of x2 and 2 = = 2m2 – 1.
x1  x2  x3  ...  xn x 2
Then, a
n 129. Let the number of students in section A be x
Average of new numbers Then, the number of students in (B + C) = 100 – x.

=
   
 x1  2   x2  22  x3  23  ...  xn  2n   Sum of marks of (A + B + C) = 84 × 100 = 8400.
n Sum of marks of (B + C) = 87.5 × (100 – x) = 8750 – 87.5x.

=
 x1  x2  ...  xn  
2  2 2
 23  ...  2n
= a  2 

 2n  1 
 .
Sum of marks of A = 70x.
n n  n   8400 = 8750 – 87.5x + 70x  17.5x = 350 x = 20.
n  n  1 2n  1 So, the number of students in section A is 20.
126. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers = .
6
 Sum of squares of first 10 natural numbers 130. Average height of all the 20 boys
10  11  21 6  1.15  8  1.10  6  1.12
= = 1.121 m = 1 m 12.1 cm.
= = 385. 20
6
[Number of boys having height 1m 12 cm is (20 – 6 – 8) = 6]
385
 Required average = = 38.5.
10


English for SSC Examinations