MODULE-01/INTRODUCTION TO VALUE EDUCATION/21UHV49/FOURTH SEMESTER / BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

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ALL INDIA COUNCIL FOR

UNIVERSAL HUMAN
TECHNICAL EDUCATION
New Delhi, India VALUES

VISVESVARAYA GHOUSIA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY Department of Mechanical Engineering
Belagavi, Karnataka, India Ramanagara, Bangalore Mysore Road,
Karnataka 562159

UNIVERSAL HUMAN VALUES

(21UHV49)
For
FOURTH SEMESTER
(Bachelor of Engineering)
MODULE-01
Introduction to Value Education

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[Link] /Co-ordinator-UHV Cell /Department of Mechanical Engineering / Ghousia College of Engineering
 MODULE-01/INTRODUCTION TO VALUE EDUCATION/21UHV49/FOURTH SEMESTER / BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
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MODULE-01 Introduction to Value Education
Syllabus:
Introduction to Value Education: Right Understanding, Relationship and Physical Facility (Holistic Development and the Role of
Education) Understanding Value Education, Self-exploration as the Process for Value Education, Continuous Happiness and
Prosperity – the Basic Human Aspirations, Happiness and Prosperity – Current Scenario, Method to Fulfil the Basic Human
Aspirations

SECTION-01: UNDERSTANDING VALUE EDUCATION:

Value education may seem a vague term to many of us even though we may be hearingabout it frequently.
Value education is required to correctly identify our basic aspirations, understand the values that enable us to fulfill
our basic aspiration, ensure the complementarity of values and skills. It also facilitates the development of
appropriate technology and its right utilization for human welfare.
In a sense, value education deals with what is universally valuable to all of us, what is conducive to our individual
and collective happiness and prosperity in a sustainable way. It enables us to be in harmony within ourselves, with
other human beings and with rest of nature at large. Such an understanding will be vital for the successful conduct of
our profession as well
Importance of Value Education:
All of us consider something or the other to be valuable. We set our goals, our aims on this basis, and then set out to
work towards achieving them. While the need for determining what is valuable to us may seem evident, let us
investigate into this a little more to understand the need for value education. Let us look at the following aspects to
appreciate the need for value education.
[Link] Identification Of Our Aspirations:
All human beings have aspirations. You may aspire to become a doctor or engineer or a lawyer or something else. You
must have made various plans for your future, be it immediate or long term. The planning may include your
personal life, your family, your profession, your participation in the society and other such domains. But before you
invest your energies to actualize your plans, it is important that you find out what you basically aspire for. Thus
you need to identify your basic aspiration. Based on the correct identification of this basic aspiration, you can frame
your goals and sub-goals appropriately and working for these, you may hope to fulfill your basic aspiration.
[Link] Universal Human Values to Fulfill Our Aspirations in Continuity:
Just identifying one‟s aspiration is not enough. We need to know how to fulfill our aspirations, how to go
about actualizing our goals. Generally, we tend to pursue our goals in variety of ways as per our appraisal and
beliefs. We keep on making experiments, learning from these and accordingly improving our understanding. This
is how human beings have been moving on, right from the primitive „Stone age‟ to the present day world of
modern science and technology. Complete understanding of human values gives us a definite way to fulfill our
aspirations.
Basically all of us are aspiring to be happy and whatever appears conducive to our happiness becomes
valuable to us.
Values form the basis for all our thoughts, behaviour and actions. Once we have known what is valuable to us, these
values become the basis, the anchor for our actions. We know what we are doing is right and will lead to the
fulfillment of our basic aspirations. Values thus become the source for our happiness, our success, our fulfillment.
Without an appropriate value framework, we will not be able to decide whether a chosen action is desirable or
undesirable, right or wrong. Hence there is a prime need for correct understanding of the value [Link]
Education is the input necessary to fulfill this need. When we live with the correct understanding of values, we are
happy in continuity, otherwise we feel deprived, frustrated and unhappy.
What are the values that you hold worthy in your life?
Have you verified them to be conducive to your happiness?
Is it important to explore the value domain in sufficient detail through value education?
We also need to understand the universality of various human values, because only then we can have a
definite and common program for value education. Then only we can be assured of a happy and
harmonious human society.
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[Link] /Co-ordinator-UHV Cell /Department of Mechanical Engineering / Ghousia College of Engineering
 MODULE-01/INTRODUCTION TO VALUE EDUCATION/21UHV49/FOURTH SEMESTER / BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
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[Link] Of Values And Skills:

In the endeavour to fulfil our aspirations, two things are essential:
1. First and foremost, one has to know what really is conducive to human happiness
- i.e. happiness for one and for all, and happiness at all times. This is what becomes universally valuable
to human beings. This is the „value‟ domain, the domain of wisdom. This helps us to identify and set the
right goals and to proceed in the right direction.(Value Based Education)
2. Secondly, it becomes essential to learn methods and practices to actualize this goal, to develop the
techniques to make this happen in real life, in various dimensions of human endeavour. This is the
domain of „skills‟.(Skill Based Education)
Thus values and skills have to go hand in hand. There is an essential complementarity between values and
skills for the success of any human endeavour.
For example:
I want to lead a healthy life. I understand that health is the basic requirement for a human being. I then
learn skills to judge what food will keep my body healthy, what physical practices will keep the body
functioning properly, what would be the possible ways todo certain kinds of work with the body. All these
fall under the domain of skills. Thus, both (values and skills) are important and these are complementary.
Only wishing for good health will not help me keep my body fit and healthy and without having understood
the meaning of health, I will not be able to choose things correctly to keep my body fit and healthy.
[Link] Of Our Beliefs:
In absence of a correct understanding of universal human values, we are driven by our „ad-hoc‟ values and
beliefs. If we look deep into ourselves, we find that each one of us believes in certain things and we base our
„values‟ on these beliefs, be they false or true which may or may not be true in reality.
For example, someone may believe that
“A corporate job is the best kind of job”, “IIT is the best college to go to”, “Metro cities are the best
places to live in” and so on.”
We can also have beliefs such as
“I want to become a famous person. Being a world-famous person will make me happy”,
“Money will make me happy”,
“Success is the ultimate thing, by hook or by crook”,
“If I study longer I will have better grades” etc.
All of us live with such beliefs. These beliefs come to us from what we read, see, hear, what our parents
tell us, our friends talk about, what the magazines talk of, what we see on the TV etc. i.e. there is a whole
body of belief-system that we live with at any given time and these together constitute our worldview.
These beliefs spread out far and wideinto all our realms of living.
The interesting thing about beliefs is that they usually change with time and we can trace examples of
these by looking at our life in the past. We might have thought at one point of time that
Getting into a good college is the most important thing and now that may have changed to being able to
get a good job.
Once we get into a good job, doing well in that job and earning a lot of money may be important.
Once we have the money, getting into a good position may become important
– i.e. what we believe is to be important, may keep changing with time. Many times, we may even find
ourselves trapped in conflicting beliefs.
Another thing about beliefs is that they are usually not the same for everybody. Beliefs could be held by a
small group or a large group of people but they are not universal.
For example:

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[Link] /Co-ordinator-UHV Cell /Department of Mechanical Engineering / Ghousia College of Engineering
 MODULE-01/INTRODUCTION TO VALUE EDUCATION/21UHV49/FOURTH SEMESTER / BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
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Getting good grades may be important to you, but being able to earn money may be important for your
friends. You may think being environmentally - friendly is important, your friend may think that it is okay
to pollute the environment.
This is not only true for ourselves, but largely true for most people around us: the beliefs keep changing
from person to person. What I may believe to be of „value‟ to me may not be of „value‟ to your belief-system
so when we interact, it may lead to conflicts and unhappiness. We face this problem today because the
conditioned beliefs and values we hold today are usually contradictory, conflicting and unstable and not
based upon the right understanding of values we are not very sure of their correctness.
Living our lives based only on such beliefs can not ensure happiness for us.
This is very important for us to understand.
Do we want to live with such shaky beliefs?
Do we want to know things for sure, for ourselves?
We can either blindly follow our beliefs and assumed values, towards making our choices or we can base
our choices upon values which are based on understanding of reality and we can ourselves validate themas
well.
What would you prefer?
[Link] and Human Values:
Technology is only a means to achieve what is considered “„valuable” ‟ for a human beings in an effective and
efficient manner. It is not within the scope of technology to decide what is valuable. This decision lies
outside its scope.
It thus becomes primarily important to know correctly what is „valuable‟. Without this decision,
technology can be aimless, directionless and can therefore be put to any use, either constructive or
destructive.
It is thus with the understanding of values that we can decide on the appropriateness of technology and its
application. Both the structure and use of technology is are decided by values.
For example:
If we value the relationship with the environment, wewill work to create environment-friendly technologies
(the structure of technology) and also put it to right use (use of technology), say, for the enrichment of
environment, replenishment of natural resources etc.
Conversely, if the relationship with the environment is something we do not value, things could be the
other way round.
As students of technology and management, we will be studying, creating, implementing and managing
technologies which will affect the lives of a large numberof people.
Getting trained on technology without deciding what is valuable, could even prove counter-productive as
our technical skills are likely to be misused.
Therefore, it is essential that we understand how technology relates to us as individuals and to human
society and nature at large before we attempt to put it into practice.
Thus, there is a need to supplement technical education with value education. This will enable a human
being to decide and pursue what is really „valuable‟ i.e. conducive to human happiness, human welfare,
what is of „value‟ to him.
To conclude,
Value Education enables us to understand our needs and visualize our goals correctly, and also indicate the
direction for their fulfillment. It also helps remove our confusions and contradictions and enables us to rightly
utilize the technological innovations.
Value Education is a crucial missing link in the present education system which must be adequately
replenished. It must be remembered that to become an excellent professional, the excellence of values

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[Link] /Co-ordinator-UHV Cell /Department of Mechanical Engineering / Ghousia College of Engineering
 MODULE-01/INTRODUCTION TO VALUE EDUCATION/21UHV49/FOURTH SEMESTER / BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
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along with the excellence of requisite professional skills is required. The present course is an effort in this
direction.
Basic Guidelines for Value Education:
Now that we have identified the need for value education, let us also visualize certain effective and widely
acceptable guidelines which will enable the introduction of value education in the present system. Given
below are broad guidelines to decide on what would qualify as an appropriate input in value education:
[Link]
Whatever we study as value education has to be universally applicable to all human beings and be true at
all times and all places. In addition, it need not restrict itself to a certain sect, creed, gender or nationality
etc. So it has to deal with universal human values.
[Link]
It has to be amenable to reasoning and not based on dogmas or blind beliefs. It cannot be a set of
sermons or Do‟s and Don‟ts.
[Link] & Verifiable:
We want to study something that is natural to us. Being natural means, it is acceptable in a natural
manner to all human beings. When we live on the basis of such values that are natural to us, it leads to
fulfilment, leads to our happiness and also is conducive to other people we interact with, as well as with
nature. We also would like to verify these values ourselves, i.e. we don‟t want to assume something just
because it is being stated here or written in a book, rather, each one of us will want to verify these to find
out whether they are true for us. This has to be done by both checking for validity within ourselves, as
being naturally acceptable as well as something which we can implement in our living and observe its
outcome to be fulfilling.
[Link] Encompassing:
Value education is not merely an academic exercise. It is aimed at transforming our consciousness and
living. Hence, it has to permeate into all dimensions of our living, namely, thought, behaviour, work and
understanding/realization; as well as all levels, namely, individual, family, society and nature.
[Link] To Harmony:
Finally, value education has to enable us to be in harmony within and in harmony with others. Hence,
when we live on the basis of these values, we start understanding that it will
lead to harmony in us, and harmony in our interactions with other humans and the rest of nature.

Content of Value Education:

The value of any unit in this existence is its participation in the larger order of which it is a part
Examples:
value of a pen is that it can write. Here writing is the participation of the pen in the bigger order in which
pen, paper, human being, all are present.
Value of an eye is that it can be used for seeing.
Value of a vegetable plant is that it gives nutrition to animals andhumans.
What is the value of a human being?
This question implies - what is the participation of a human being in the bigger order? That bigger order
includes human beings, plants, air, water, soil, animals, birds etc.
The value of a human being is the participation of human being in this order. Hence, to understand human
values, we need to study the human reality along with all that is there in the existence constituting the
larger order, and the role of human being in the relationship with each and every unit in the existence.
As mentioned above, any course on value education must include
 All dimensions- thought, behaviour, work & and realization, and
 All levels of human living - individual, family, society, nature/existence of human living.

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[Link] /Co-ordinator-UHV Cell /Department of Mechanical Engineering / Ghousia College of Engineering
 MODULE-01/INTRODUCTION TO VALUE EDUCATION/21UHV49/FOURTH SEMESTER / BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
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Accordingly, the content of Value Education will be
 To understand myself, my aspirations, my happiness;
 To understand the goal of human life comprehensively;
 To understand the other entities in nature, the innate inter-connectedness, the co-existence in the
nature/existence and finally . The role of human being in this nature/existence entirety.
Hence, it has to encompass understanding of harmony at various levels, namely, individual, family,
society, nature and existence, and finally, learning to live in accordance with this understanding by being
vigilant to one‟s thought, behaviour and work.
Self-exploration as the Process for Value Education
As the name suggests, the process is to find out what is valuable to me by investigating within myself.
Since it is me who feels happy or unhappy, successful or unsuccessful, therefore whatever is right for
me, true for me, has to be judged within myself.
We discussed previously that the value of an entity is its participation in the larger order. In the case of the
human being, to understand what is valuable, we need to study ourselves and the “larger order” around us,
which is, everything around us. When we look around, we find other human beings; we find animals,
plants, birds, insects etc. and then things like air, water, soil, stones, metals, etc. All these are things we
live with and there is a need for us to understand our relationship with all of these things.
When we say we want to self-explore, it means we have to now start observing within ourselves too and
not observing just outside.
Let‟s take the example that we are seeing a tree.
When I see a tree, here is what is happening: the image of the tree is available on my eyes. From there,
the information is passed on to me, and then I say: “I can see a big tree, and it is about 100 meters away
and so on”. This is an example of observing outside. But when I start to observe what relation I have with
the tree or, how does the tree relate to me, it is observing inside.
Self-exploration is
 A process of dialogue between “what you are” and “what you really want to be”.
 A process of Self-evolution through self-investigation.
 A process of knowing oneself and through that, knowing the entire existence.
 A process of recognizing one‟s relationship with every unit in existence and fulfilling it.
 A process of knowing human conduct, human character and living accordingly.
 A process of being in harmony in oneself and in harmony with entire existence.
 A process of identifying our Innateness and moving towards Self-organization and Self-
expression.
Process of self-exploration involves two things,
1. Firstly, verifying on the basis of natural acceptance, and
2. Secondly, validating experientially by living accordingly.
When the proposal is verified on both the bases, it leads to realization and understanding.
Understanding is assuring, satisfying and universal with respect to time, space and individual.

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[Link] /Co-ordinator-UHV Cell /Department of Mechanical Engineering / Ghousia College of Engineering
 MODULE-01/INTRODUCTION TO VALUE EDUCATION/21UHV49/FOURTH SEMESTER / BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
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Concept of Natural Acceptance:

Natural Acceptance does not change with time, individual or place and is not tainted with our pre-
conditionings. It is innately present in each one of us and we can always refer to it. Natural acceptance is a
faculty that is present in each one of us. It is intact and invariant. We only have to start paying attention to
it, to start “seeing” it. For example, ask yourself this question:
„Is trust naturally acceptable to me in relationship, or is mistrust naturally acceptable?‟ What is the
answer? It turns out that trust is naturally acceptable to you in relationship.
Similarly, ask yourself another question:
“Do I want to live in relationship with others or do I want to live in opposition with others?” The answer is -
live in relationship with others.
We find that we get the answers from within ourselves and it is spontaneous. The answers are there in us,
naturally. We only need to trace them. We call this faculty the natural acceptance.
For every proposal being put forth here, we shall pass it through our own natural acceptance. If it passes through
our own natural acceptance, i.e. if it is naturally acceptable to us, it is true for us. If it does not, then it is not true
for us and we can drop the proposal. Let‟s not assume what is being stated here to be true! You need to ensure that
you pass every proposal through your own natural acceptance!

Let‟s ask ourselves another very basic question:

Do I want to be happy?

The answer is avery quick yes! How did you get this answer? Of course, through your natural acceptance.
This may seem very simple to begin with, but we shall see that this becomes a very powerful way for us to know
what is ultimately right!

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[Link] /Co-ordinator-UHV Cell /Department of Mechanical Engineering / Ghousia College of Engineering
 MODULE-01/INTRODUCTION TO VALUE EDUCATION/21UHV49/FOURTH SEMESTER / BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
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Once you start asking the question deep within yourself, you will be able to start accessing these
answers yourself. This natural acceptance is there in each one of us, it is what we most spontaneously,
most naturally desire. You don‟t have to import this natural acceptance from outside; you don‟t have to
learn it from somewhere!
For example, when you asked the question
“whether trust is most acceptable to me in relationship”,
did you ask anyone else for the answer? Did you read or learn the answer from somewhere? Did you have to
refer to some instrument? The answer is NO. This answer came from within you. Similarly, about the
answer to-
“Is living in relationship with others is naturally acceptableto me”.
Did you have to learn this from others? Again NO!
At this point, we can make the following observations about natural acceptance:
Natural acceptance does not change with time:
The natural acceptance does not change with time. It remains invariant with time. This can be easily verified.
For example, our acceptance for trust or respect does not change with age. People hundred years ago also had
the same natural acceptance. We can try to verify this within our span of observation.
It does not depend on the place:
Whether we are in New Delhi, New York or Abu Dhabi, if we address our natural acceptance, the answer
would still be the same!
This natural acceptance is „constantly there‟, something we can refer to:
Try this yourself:
Think of cheating or exploiting someone!
The moment you think of this, you sense a contradiction within and feel unhappy that very instant! It
happens very quickly, and we may not notice it, but it does happen!
Similarly, the moment we think of
Disrespecting someone!
we become unhappy. The very thought is enough to cause a conflict, a strain within us.
Thus, this natural acceptance is always there, and if we start paying attention to it, if we ask ourselves every
time, for every thought and every desire we have, “Is this naturally acceptable to me?”, we will get an
answer. Whatever we do, this natural acceptance is within us, it is telling us what is right. Every time we do
something not readily acceptable to us. i.e. every time we think or do something not acceptable to us,
there is a contradiction in us, because the thought/ deed conflicts with our own natural acceptance!
The moment we think of cheating, we become unhappy. We don‟t even have to carry out the action. It
will become clear to us that while we want something else at the level of our natural acceptance, we
think or do something else, based on our beliefs and preconditioning, which is contrary, it creates a
disharmony in us; this is the cause for our unhappiness.
Take for example,
One may proceed with the act of cheating under the influence of say, an extraneous pressure
but one keeps feeling unhappy about it and may even repent over this act in the course of time. If
somebody asks, „why do you cheat?‟, one starts offering explanations, inventing justifications. This is
because it is naturally unacceptable.
Natural acceptance is the same for all of us: it is part and parcel of every human being, it is part of human-
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[Link] /Co-ordinator-UHV Cell /Department of Mechanical Engineering / Ghousia College of Engineering
 MODULE-01/INTRODUCTION TO VALUE EDUCATION/21UHV49/FOURTH SEMESTER / BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
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ness:
Let‟s start exploring into this.
We will find that no human being finds disrespect acceptable in relationship. No matter who the person,
however bad or good, one always expects respect in relationship.

For example,
let us say a person „A‟ disrespects „B‟. This man „B‟ may bear a grudge against „A‟ and set out to“teach
him a lesson”. This is because „B‟ does not find disrespect acceptable and when he does not get respect, it
offends him.
This may actually end up leading to a large scale conflict!
We can start checking and verifying this for ourselves. All of us have acceptance which are same, at a very
deep and basic level. Our assumptions and choices, our likes and dislikes may be different, but on some
very basic and common issues like need for happiness, trust, respect, prosperity, we are all the same, all of
us have the same basic acceptance.
Thus,
Natural acceptance is there in all of us. It is within us, all the time and we can refer to it, access it to know
what is right for us. We only have to start referring to it. Each proposal in this book needs to be evaluated
on the basis of your natural acceptance.
Thus, as first part of the self-verification, every proposal being put forth here, is passed through our own
natural acceptance.

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[Link] /Co-ordinator-UHV Cell /Department of Mechanical Engineering / Ghousia College of Engineering
 MODULE-01/INTRODUCTION TO VALUE EDUCATION/21UHV49/FOURTH SEMESTER / BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
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SECTION-02: THE BASIC HUMAN ASPIRATIONS: CONTINUOUS

HAPPINESS AND PROSPERITY
Introduction:
Continuous happiness and prosperity are the basic human aspirations.
This can be verified to be true by each one of us.
Happiness may be defined as being in harmony/synergy in the states/situations that I live in. Unhappiness is a lack
of this synergy or harmony.
Prosperity is a feeling of having or producing more than required physical facilities. Prosperity is a feeling; it is not
just physical facility.
It is to be distinguished from wealth. In order to be prosperous, we need to (a) identify how much is required (b)
have/produce more than the requirement. Lack of right understanding of happiness and prosperity has led us into a
variety of problems at different levels of our living, be it at the level of individual, or family, or society or nature.

Make a list of all that you want in your life and reasons for wanting them.
For example,when you start listing, your list may comprise of things such as-
to be an engineer or an MBA professional,
to get the highest grade,
to be the first ranker in the examination,
to be the smartest guy in the crowd,
to be the master of all trades,
to earn more wealth than the wealthiest person in the world, etc.
Once you have made the list,
see if there is anything basic to all of them?
Is there any basic aspiration of yours behind all your wants? This is an exercise worth doing to find out your basic
aspiration?”

Let us say,
you want to be the first ranker in the class.
Now, behind this desire to get the first rank, is there a more basic desire?
Why do you want to get the first rank?
If you keep asking this question, you will find that there is a basic desire.
What is this desire, is it to be happy? Yes, it is!
Take any other want or desire and you will find the same thing. You will find that each of your wants emerges from
the basic aspiration to be happy. This can be verified by each one of you. This also implies that
every human being is continuously trying to do things to make him/her happy, and every human being is capable of
feeling this happiness in himself/herself spontaneously.
It is intrinsic to all of us. We are all working for it continuously in different ways as per the level of our
understanding. Sometimes, we succeed, many times we don‟t. But we still keep trying throughout our life for
happiness. You will also find that we want the continuity of this feeling of happiness as well.
We do not want happiness in spurts, in intervals, but we want it continuously.
We do not want unhappiness even for a moment.
How successful we are today in achieving this, is a matter for serious exploration. But one thing is clear, that
happiness is a basic aspiration of all human beings, and therefore, it becomes our prime purpose to gain the correct

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[Link] /Co-ordinator-UHV Cell /Department of Mechanical Engineering / Ghousia College of Engineering
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understanding about it. Going a little further in our exploration, we can also appreciate that being happy implies
being free from contradictions, being in consonance with our natural acceptance, being in harmony.

In addition to happiness, we also aspire for adequate fulfilment of our bodily needs, i.e. the need for physical
facilities. Physical facilities are the material things we use to fulfil the needs of the body.
When we have enough of physical facilities, it gives us the feeling of prosperity.
We want to have a continuity of this feeling too. Nobody wants to feel deprived, even for a single moment.
Thus there are two basic aspirations of every human being: continuous happiness and prosperity. These are at the
root of all our aspirations and the efforts that go towards achieving these. We will understand the correct meaning
of these two terms now.
Happiness:
Let us now explore into the meaning of happiness. Try to recollect situations when you feel happy. You will see
that there is a set of feelings which you are able to accept effortlessly and naturally. These are feelings such as
trust, respect, being confident about your future etc.
These feelings are naturally and effortlessly acceptable to each one of us. We also welcome these feelings and
desire them to continue in ourselves. When we observe such feelings,
we find that these are the situations when we are in harmony and these feelings are a reflection of that harmony.
Take for example: respect.
Respect is a state of harmony between two human beings. When I respect the other and the other respects me, I like
to be in that situation. It gives me happiness.
Similarly, looking within me, when I have harmony in my thoughts, my feelings, I feel relaxed, happy. If this
harmony is disturbed, I feel uneasy. Try to look at all the moments when you feel happy, you will find that there is
an element of harmony in it, which you [Link] can thus understand Happiness as
i.e. “To be in a state of Harmony is Happiness.”

When we are in such a state of happiness – we experience no struggle, no contradiction or conflict within and we
enjoy such a state of being. And we wish to have its continuity. On the other hand, when we experience feelings
such as failure, disrespect, lack of confidence, being doubtful in ourselves or about others, we feel unhappy as they
are states of conflict. These are the states when there is lack of harmony, either within us or between us and others.
We do not wish for a continuation of these feelings within and want to try and change them – we can call this
unhappiness. We can thus state unhappiness as:
“The state/situation in which I live, if there is conflict/contradiction in it, then I do not like to be in that state
or situation.”
i.e. “To be in a state of disliking is unhappiness”
Thus, we can define happiness and unhappiness as
“To be in a state of harmony is happiness.”
“To be in a state of disharmony or contradiction is unhappiness”

Prosperity:
We have spoken about happiness so far. Let us now look into prosperity and whether it is essential. It is easy to see
that prosperity is related to material things or what we call as „physical facilities‟. Think of all the things we need
today.
We use a brush to clean our teeth, clothes to wear, food to eat, vessels to cook and eat the food in, a pair of
spectacles, a two wheeler or a four wheeler vehicle, a radio set, a mobile phone etc.
So we need physical things to take care of our body and these need to be catered to. When we are able to cater to
the needs of the body adequately, we feel prosperous. Therefore,
Prosperity: is the feeling of having or making available more than required physical facilities.
To ascertain prosperity, two things are essential:
(a) Correct assessment of need for physical facilities, and

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(b) The competence of making available more than required physical facilities (through production).
We need physical facilities as we saw in our earlier discussions. Do you think
we can quantify the need for physical facilities?
Is there a limit to the need for physical facilities?
We can be prosperous only if there is a limit to the need for physical facilities.
If there is no limit, whatsoever be the availability with us, the feeling of prosperity cannot be assured.
Physical facilities are the needs of the body and their need is limited in time and quantity. Thus we can identify a
limit to these needs and evaluate whether we have enough.
Secondly, just assessing the need is not enough. We need to be able to produce or make available more than the
perceived need.
Thus, prosperity can be clearly understood and evaluated. Evaluate it for yourself. See if there is a limit to the need
for physical facilities that you have listed for yourself. See whether you feel prosperous at the moment. This is an
important thing to understand! While understanding prosperity, let us also look at another point –
the difference between wealth and prosperity. Is there a difference?
For example,
let‟s assume I have a lot of wealth; a lot of money. You come to my house, but I get worried that you may stay back
longer than expected and I might have to feed you, tea, snacks or even a meal. It is a funny situation, but it may
happen. What would we call this state? A person has a lot of money, but does not want to share even a bit of it. The
person has wealth, but feels “deprived”; in other words the person does not have a feeling of being prosperous.
If one felt prosperous, he/she would have shared what one has, since there is more than enough wealth anyway.
On the other hand someone who does not have a lot of wealth may welcome you into his/ her house and ask you to
stay back for a few days and help you out. This is an indication of feeling prosperous.
Thus, we can see that:
Wealth is a physical thing. It means having money, or having a lot of physical facilities, or both.
Prosperity is a feeling of having more than required. Prosperity is a feeling of having more than required physical
facilities; it is not just physical facilities.
This is a very important distinction. We mostly fail to make this distinction today. We keep working for wealth,
without realizing that the basic desire is for the feeling of prosperity, to have a feeling of having enough. Let‟s ask
ourselves,
“What is naturally acceptable to me?”:
Accumulating more and more wealth while feeling deprived,
OR
Having requisite wealth and feeling prosperous.
We find the latter naturally acceptable.
Not only do we want wealth, but we want to feel prosperous too. In other words, our basic desire is to feel
prosperous, and wealth is a means to that end. In order to feel prosperous, we need to first decide how much wealth/
physical things is needed, else it is like
trying to fill water in a glass that has no bottom; the glass will never be filled, howsoever, one may try.
We see that today, we are generally unable to do this. We are busy accumulating wealth, but we don‟t feel
prosperous! This is because, we do not identify our needs, and hence, no matter how much we have, it is always
less, and we feel deprived! It is also important to point out that since for all our physical facilities, we are directly
or indirectly dependent on nature,
the continuity of prosperity can be ensured only if our production systems are in harmony with the nature.
This implies that we use natural resources in a renewable manner and utilize appropriate technologies so that the
human needs are satisfied and nature is also enriched.
For example,
we need food for the body. We grow grains in our fields. If the farming method is such that it retains/enhances the
fertility of the soil, we can continue growing grains on the same piece of land and keep feeding our body.
Otherwise, the land may turn barren after sometime and we may have to go without food.
In the current scenario, we are generally trying to achieve happiness and prosperity by maximizing accumulation
and consumption of physical facilities. It amounts to trying to fulfil unlimited wants through limited resources. This

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effort is engendering problems at all the levels. It is becoming anti-ecological and anti-people, and threatening the
human survival itself.
Some of the consequences of such a trend are summarised below:
 At the level of the individual – rising problems of depression, psychological disorders, suicides,
stress, insecurity, psycho-somatic diseases, loneliness etc.
 At the level of the family – breaking of joint families, mistrust, conflict between older and younger
generations, insecurity in relationships, divorce, dowry tortures, family feuds, wasteful
expenditure in family functions etc.
 At the level of the Society – growing incidences of terrorism and naxalism, rising communalism,
spreading casteism, racial and ethnic struggle, wars between nations, attempts of genocide, fear
of nuclear and genetic warfare, etc.
 At the level of nature – global warming, water, air, soil, noise, etc. pollution, resource depletion of
minerals and mineral oils, sizeable deforestations, loss of fertility of soil. It therefore, calls for an
urgent need for human beings to correctly understand happiness and prosperity as well as the
sustainable way to achieve these.

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SECTION-03: PROGRAM TO FULFIL BASIC HUMAN ASPIRATIONS

(RIGHT UNDERSTANDING, RELATIONSHIP & PHYSICAL FACILITY)

The needs of the human being can be seen to consist of the need for (1) right understanding, (2)
relationship and (3) physical facilities in the right order. While we desire prosperity for ourselves and
prosperity for nature, we are unable to ensure this today. What is happening in actuality is quite the
contrary, with nature getting steadily depleted and disturbed – while we continue to feel deprived.
Right understanding is essential for the fulfilment of relationship and for right identification of physical
facilities. We have to ensure right understanding. Today, we are largely pre-occupied with accumulation
of physical facilities and tend to ignore the need for relationship and right understanding. We need to have
the right understanding; we need to understand the harmony at all levels of our living – ourselves, family,
society and nature/existence. This is our program: to fulfil our basic desire of continuous happiness and
prosperity.
Animals are primarily concerned with survival for which they need to consume (physical facilities). The
need for right understanding and relationship is what distinguishes a human being from an animal.
Fulfilment of relationships based on right understanding leads to mutual happiness. Fulfilment of need for
physical facilities through nature-fulfilling production activities, (both identified on the basis of right
understanding) leads to mutual prosperity. To live only for physical facilities is called „animal
consciousness‟, while to live with all three: right understanding, relationship and physical facilities
leading to mutual happiness and mutual prosperity is called „human consciousness‟.

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Physical Facilities:
“Physical facilities are necessary for human beings”
“Physical facilities are necessary for human beings and they are necessary for animals.”
“Physical facilities are necessary and complete for animals, while they are necessary but
not complete for humans”

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We see that animals need physical things to survive, mainly to take care of their body.
Take a cow for example.
A cow will look for food when it is hungry. Once it gets the grass or fodder, it eats it, sits around to chew
at leisure.
Hence, we can see that as long as animals have physical things, they are largely fine. They don‟t desire other things
like knowledge, or a peaceful animal society or getting a good MBA! This is the case with humans, so let us look
into how we humans fare.
Now let‟s take the human being. Let‟s take you. Let‟s say you are hungry. What do you do? You would look for
some food, perhaps, some tasty food. Once you have had your fill, do you just sit around and relax? The answer is
an emphatic “No”! We all have other needs, other plans, perhaps we think of reading a book, or go to college, or
spend time with family and friends... the list is endless.
Thus, it is easy to see that while physical facilities are necessary for us human beings, they are not complete by
themselves to fulfil our needs. Our needs are more than just physical facilities; we need physical facilities, but the
need does not end there.

Relationship:
By relationship, we mean the relationship we have with other people, or human beings: father, mother, brothers and
sisters, our friends, our teachers; we desire good relationships with all of them. When we have a problem in these
relationships, it troubles us, we are bothered by it.
We want to have mutually fulfilling relationships. [You can verify this for yourself ]. If there is a problem in
relationship, we feel uneasy, it bothers us. Even if we are interacting with someone, and something we said or did
offends them, it makes us uneasy; i.e. we want mutual fulfilment in relationship. Both us and the person we interact
with, need to feel fulfilled, need to feel satisfied from the interaction. You can check this in your daily life as well.
For example, let‟s say
you had an argument with a friend in the morning. You find that the uneasy feeling stays with you for a long time,
even after you have stopped speaking to your friend and have physically moved away from him/her. You may keep
thinking about it, may get angry or frustrated, perhaps you wonder what may have gone wrong and how it could
have been avoided or perhaps you wonder how you should not commit the same mistake the next time, but, it stays
with you.
On the other hand, had there been no such problem with your friend, you are fine, you don‟t have any issues, and if
you had a great time with him, then too it stays with you, as a good feeling or a good memory. Thus, mutual
fulfilment in human relationships is something we want, we aspire for.

Right Understanding: (Understanding based on Natural Acceptance):

To understand the concept of Right Understanding first let us has a look on Physical Facility and
Relationship without Right Understanding.

Do we feel Happy and Prosperous by having both Physical Facility and Relationship?

What is Our State Today?

Now that we have found out how we want to be in relationship, and what we want from physical facilities, let us
explore into how we fare on these two fronts today; what is our state today?
Ask yourself this question:
“Am I able to have such fulfilling relationships all the time today”?
What is the answer? Our answer will be
“Sometimes I have good relationships, sometimes I don‟t. Or perhaps, mostly I have
good relationships, and sometimes I don‟t,” or vice-versa.

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We can see this in our interactions with our family and even outside the family. Sometimes it goes well, sometimes
it does not. We can see this at the level of society as well.
There are also larger issues like wars, fights and killing, which are extreme forms of problems in human
relationships.
Have you wondered why this is so?
Let us ask ourselves these questions:
“Do I feel prosperous? Do I find that I have a feeling to share what I have?
Am I satisfied with my wealth today? Or do I want more? How much is this “more”?
From thinking over these questions and our response to them, it becomes clear, and increasingly so, that while we
may have wealth, we are not able to feel prosperous.
We thus seem to have quite a problem in our hands on both these fronts:

 We are unable to have fulfilling relationships all the time: in family, outside family, and as a society – in
the world at large
 We want to feel prosperous, but end up working only for accumulation of wealth. We want to enrich nature,
but are exploiting it, destroying it.

What could be the possible reason for the issues we have in relationships?
Let‟s ask the question in another way:
“Do I understand human relationships? Do I know what the other person‟s expectations
from me are”?
The answer is, “I mostly don‟t”, OR „I am not sure about this” OR “It depends, It changes from time to time,” etc.

This seems to be our problem. We seem to be interacting with a lot of people, we keep getting ourselves into
trouble in our relationships, but we don‟t seem to understand the first thing about relationships- the expectations! It
may seem like a trivial thing, but it is very important.
Problems in relationships can really disturb a person‟s state of mind to a very large extent.
We live a significant portion of our lives in relationships.
For example:
If you had a tiff with your father or your brother, it can stay with you and bother you for a very long time, so much
so, that till the issue is resolved, you may not be able to do anything else!

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This issue is basically because we assume something about relationships, and then we go on to live them on the
basis of this assumption. But if our assumption is false, then we end up in problems. For example, we may assume,
that we can become close to someone by being authoritative with them or taking decisions for them. While we may
try and boss over the person, it is not going to lead to mutual fulfilment.
Again, we can see here that we have assumed that accumulation of wealth is the only thing we need and the rest
shall be taken care of. As we have seen, this is an incorrect assumption.
Having wealth is necessary, but not sufficient for prosperity.
We have also made numerous assumptions about our interactions with nature, that we can exploit nature, that
nature is present solely for our consumption and so on and so forth. It is easy to see today, with the widespread
havoc we are causing in nature, that this assumption is incorrect.
We can make some additional observations here:

“Is the unhappiness in my family today more due to lack of Physical facilities, or due to lack of Relationship”?
“How much time am I spending today working to ensure Relationship, and how much time do I spend working
for, or preparing to get Physical facilities”?
From the above, it is easy to make the following inferences:
 We largely operate on the basis of assumptions today. These assumptions can be right, or they can be
wrong, and we are mostly unaware of our own assumptions!
 Since we are not even aware that we have assumptions, we have obviously not verified these assumptions
for ourselves. We haven‟t checked if our own assumptions are naturally acceptable to us. As a result most
of our interactions with people and with physical facilities lead to problems.

We have made a significant observation in the previous discussion:

“As long as we live with wrong assumptions we shall continue to have the problems in ourselves and have
problems in relationship, not feel happy or prosperous and will exploit nature”.
In order to resolve the issues in human relationships, we need to understand them first, and this would come from
„right understanding‟ of relationship. Similarly, in order to be prosperous and to enrich nature, we need to have the
„right understanding‟.
The „right understanding‟ will enable us to work out our requirements for physical facilities and hence correctly
distinguish the difference between wealth and prosperity. With nature as well, we need to understand the harmony
in nature, and how we can complement this harmony.
There is need for us to have the „right understanding‟ so we can be sure of our own selves, our relationships and our
need for physical facilities.
Thus, the three basic requirements to ensure happiness and prosperity for human beings are:
1. Right Understanding
2. Relationship &
3. Physical Facility

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Working with this order, we are able to ensure mutual fulfilment with human beings and mutual prosperity with the
rest of nature.
Right understanding + Relationship = Mutual fulfilment
Right understanding + Physical facilities = Mutual prosperity

It becomes clear to us that our state of happiness or unhappiness depends on the above three aspects. If we have the
„right understanding‟, then we can be happy in ourselves and work to, have fulfilling relationships with humans
and mutual prosperity with nature. If we do not have the right understanding, then we have problems. Thus, our
happiness depends on the fulfilment of these three basic requirements.

Today, if we look into it, we can see that these levels of living are full of conflicts, opposition and contradictions.
We are unable to be at peace with ourselves. Most of the time, we are under stress, unhappy about something or the
other, and are worrying about things. We are increasingly having more diseases, are unable to live properly in
relationships in the family and are disturbing and destroying the very planet we live on. In short, we are unable
to live harmoniously in every aspect of our living!

We can thus see that our state of happiness or unhappiness can be affected by any one of these levels. We may be
okay within ourselves, but if the relationships in family are not okay, then we get disturbed. Similarly there may not
be problems in ourselves or in family, but if there are problems in society, it disturbs us. We can also see that even
if we are fine at the rest of the levels, if there are issues at the level of nature, it bothers us and we are disturbed by
it and want to do something about it.

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Since there is conflict/contradiction in our thoughts or living at most of these levels of existence, we are unable to
naturally accept our own thoughts and living. These problems are basically because of lack of right understanding.
We do not even understand ourselves properly! What we need, how much of it do we need, what we value – we
have not understood this properly.
Thus, in order to have happiness and ensure its continuity, we need to ensure harmony in all states/situations we
live in, which means we need to understand all these four levels of our living! If we ignore any of these levels, the
continuity of happiness at that level cannot be ensured!!

To live solely on the basis of [3] Physical facilities can also be called as living in animal consciousness. We say
this because, animals are anyway doing this. If we observe a cow or a goat, they are continuously occupied in
getting some physical input from the environment. If we see ourselves today, we are also more or less doing the
same thing! The only difference is, we do it with more sophistication, i.e. we end up packaging our food, or make
fancy gadgets but at the end of the day, physical facilities are all that we are working for.
However, we are not satisfied merely by living at this level and hence we need to work towards having the right
understanding. Living with all three: [1] Right understanding, [2] Relationship and [3] Physical facilities is called
human consciousness.

SUMMARY:
 Value education is required to correctly identify our basic aspirations, understand the values that
enable us to fulfil our basic aspiration, ensure the complementarity of values and skills, and to
properly evaluate our beliefs. It also facilitates the development of appropriate technology and its
right utilization for human welfare.
 Any course content on value education needs to be universal, rational, natural, verifiable, all-
encompassing and leading to harmony.
 The value of any unit in this existence is its participation in the larger order of which it is a part.
 The content of value education is expected to include all dimensions of a human being and all
levels of one‟s living.
 The process of value education adopted here is that of self-exploration which includes two things:
verification at the level of natural acceptance and experiential validation in living.
 We need to undergo Self-exploration because we want to find out what is valuable to us, and
secondly we want to understand our relationship, our participation with the things around us.
Self-exploration is
 A process of dialogue between “what you are” and “what you really want to be”.
 A process of Self-evolution through self-investigation.
 A process of knowing oneself and through that, knowing the entire existence.
 A process of recognizing one‟s relationship with every unit in existence and fulfilling it.
 A process of knowing human conduct, human character and living accordingly.
 A process of being in harmony in oneself and in harmony with entire existence.
 A process of identifying our Innateness and moving towards Self organization and Self-
expression.
 The content of self-exploration is exploring into two fundamental questions: what our basic
aspiration is; and the program to fulfil this basic aspiration.
 Process of self-exploration involves two things, firstly, verifying on the basis of natural
acceptance, and secondly, validating experientially by living accordingly.
 When the proposal is verified on both the bases, it leads to realization and understanding.
 Understanding is assuring, satisfying and universal with respect to time, space and individual.

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 Natural Acceptance does not change with time, individual or place and is not tainted with our pre-
conditionings. It is innately present in each one of us and we can always refer to it.
 Continuous happiness and prosperity are the basic human aspirations. This can be verified to be
true by each one of us.
 Happiness may be defined as being in harmony/synergy in the states/situations that I live in.
Unhappiness is a lack of this synergy or harmony
 Prosperity is a feeling of having or producing more than required physical facilities.
 Prosperity is a feeling; it is not just physical facility. It is to be distinguished from wealth. In order
to be prosperous, we need to (a) identify how much is required (b) have/produce more than the
requirement.
 Lack of right understanding of happiness and prosperity has led us into a variety of problems at
different levels of our living, be it at the level of individual, or family, or society or nature. We
need to evaluate various questions and confusions that we are having on the issue of happiness.

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1. What is the state of liking and a holistic and all encompassing state of the mind that
creates inner harmony?
(a) Prosperity
(b) Happiness
(c) Innateness
(d) Self-organized

2. What is called living with assumption for oneself as body and Living of human being only
on the basis of physical facilities, and not with right understanding and relationship?
(a) Human Consciousness
(b) Happiness
(c) Right Understanding
(d) Animal Consciousness

3. Five basic guidelines for value education are Universal, Natural and verifiable, all
encompassing, leading to harmony and
(a) Self exploration
(b) Education
(c) Right utilization
(d) Rational

4. What are the basic desires of every human being for which they are working.
(a) Physical facilities
(b) Realization and understanding
(c) Happiness and prosperity
(d) Continuous happiness and prosperity

5. When we participate in the larger order, this participation at different levels is known as our
value. Values are outcome of
(a) Prosperity
(b) Happiness
(c) Realization and understanding
(d) Self exploration

6. Identify the solution which helps human being to transform from animal consciousness to
human consciousness.
(a) Right understanding
(b) Realization
(c) Value education
(d) Physical facilities.

7. To maintain harmony we have to work at four levels of living .Identify second level of
living.
(a) Self
(b) Family
(c) Nature
(d) Society

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8. Self exploration is a process which helps us to find out “What I am and What I really want to
be “.Two mechanisms involved in self-exploration are
(a) Realization and understanding
(b) Natural and verifiable
(c) Natural acceptance and experimental validation
(d) Correctable and identifiable
9. Self exploration uses two mechanisms–
(a) Natural acceptance and experiential validation
(b) Right Understanding and self exploration
(c) Self investigation and self exploration
(d) Natural acceptance and self investigation

10. What is the third level of living?

(a) Society
(b) Individual
(c) Family
(d) Nature

11. Developed nations are the live example of

A. Prosperity
B. Wealth
C. Happiness
D. Health

12. The participation of human beings is seen in two forms

A. Prosperity and Work
B. Values and Understanding
C. Behavior and Wealth
D. Behavior and Work

13. What are the outcomes of realization and understanding?

A. Work
B. Values
C. Happiness
D. Health

14. Developed nations are the live example of health, wealth and wisdom. These three terms can
be combined to form a single term as
a) Developed
b) Prosperous
c) Harmony
d) Happy
15. Contents of self-exploration are
a) Desire and needs
b) Program and needs
c) Program and practical
d) Desire and Program

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16. Value education is becoming important for students now a days because value education
helps students to correctly identify our
a) Values
b) Key to success
c) Aspirations
d) Needs

17. Three results are obtained from realization and understanding. Two of them are assurance and
satisfaction find third one
a) Universality
b) Acceptance
c) All-encompassing
d)Self-verification

18. What is necessary but not complete for human beings.

a) Happiness
b) Physical facility
c) Prosperity
d) Relationship

19. What is the main component of our program to understand and live in harmony at all levels
of living.
a) Right Understanding
b) Relationship
c) Self exploration
d) Physical facilities
20. What is our participation at different levels in the larger order?
a) Value
b) Work
c) Behaviour
d) Realization

21. When we participate in the larger order, this participation at different levels is our
a)Work
b) Value
c)Behavior
(d) Realization

22. What is the first level of living?

A. Society
B. Individual
C. Family
D. Nature
23. What is the second level of living?
A. Society
B. Individual
C. Family
D. Nature

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24. What is the fourth level of living?

A. Society
B. Individual
C. Family
D. Nature

25. Giving weightage to physical facilities, to the maximization of sensory pleasures, to

accumulation of wealth is called
(a) Animal Consciousness
(b) Animal Unconsciousness
(c) Semi-consciousness
(d) Human Consciousness

26. What helps human beings to transform from animal consciousness to human consciousness?
A. Right attitude
B. . Prosperity
C. Wealth
D. Right understanding

27. Health, Wealth and Wisdom means

A. Consciousness
B. Intelligence
C. Prosperity
D. Happiness
28. What is the emotional state of being happy?
A. Happiness
B. Joy
C. Pleasure
D. All of these

29. We can know our weaknesses and remove them by doing

A. Class room study
B. Self Study
C. Group study
D. None of these

30. Which changes occur in conscious units?

A. Qualitative
B. Quantitative
C. Both
D. None

31. Program and desire are the contents of

A. Self evolution
B. Self investigation
C. Self exploration
D. Happiness

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32. The content of Value Education is expected to include dimensions and levels of a
human being
A. Two
B. All
C. Three
D. Four

33. If we will maintain relationship with other human beings on the basis of right understanding
then there will be
(a) Mutual prosperity
(b) Mutual happiness
(c) Happiness
(d) prosperity
34. The value education is the education by which we can
a) Learn new technology
b) Do new research
c) Transform from animal conscious to human conscious
d) None of the above
35. We need to undergo self exploration because
a) we want to find out what is valuable to us
b) we want to understand our relationship
c) we want to our participation with the things around us
d) All the above
36. Self exploration is:
a) A process of dialogue between ”what you are” of and “ what you really want to be”
b) A process of self evaluation through self-investigation.
c) A process of knowing oneself and through that, knowing the entire existence.
d) All the above
37. Natural acceptance is way to accept
a) The good things naturally.
b)The bad things naturally.
c) Anything naturally.
d) All the above
38. The proposal should be verified by
a) Harmony
b) Environment
c) Nature acceptance and experimental validation
d) None of the above
39. Process of self exploration leads to
a) Realization and understanding.
b) Prosperity
c) Wealthy
d) Peace

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40. Natural acceptance change with

a) Time
b) Situation
c) Place
d) None of the above
41. Happiness may be defined as
a) Being in harmony
b) If there is synergy in it then I like to be in that state
c) If there is harmony in it then I like to be in that state / situation
d) All the above
42. Working only for physical facilities is
a) Living with Animal Consciousness
b) Living with Human Consciousness
c)Transformation from Animal Consciousness to Human Consciousness.
d) Transformation from Animal Consciousness to Human Consciousness
43. Right living refers to the ability to live in harmony at
a) Individual
b) Family and Society
c) Nature
d) All the four levels

44. When we participate in the larger order, this participation at different levels is our
A. Work
B. Value
C. Behavior
D. Realization

45. What is the first level of living?

E. Society
F. Individual
G. Family
H. Nature

46. What is the second level of living?

E. Society
F. B. Individual
G. Family
H. Nature

47. What is the fourth level of living?

E. Society
F. Individual
G. Family
H. Nature

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48. Self exploration uses two mechanisms–

A. Natural acceptance and experiential validation
B. Right Understanding and self exploration
C. Self investigation and self exploration
D. D. Natural acceptance and self investigation

49. What is the third level of living?

A. Society
B. Individual
C. Family
D. Nature

50. What are the outcomes of realization and understanding?

E. Work
F. Values
G. Happiness
H. Health
51. Giving weightage to physical facilities, to the maximization of sensory pleasures, to
accumulation of wealth is called
A. Animal Consciousness
B. Animal Unconsciousness
C. Semi-consciousness
D. Human Consciousness

52. What helps human beings to transform from animal consciousness to human consciousness?
E. Right attitude
F. . Prosperity
G. Wealth
H. Right understanding

53. Health, Wealth and Wisdom means

E. Consciousness
F. Intelligence
G. Prosperity
H. Happiness

54. What is the emotional state of being happy?

E. Happiness
F. Joy
G. Pleasure
H. All of these

55. Program and desire are the contents of

E. Self evolution
F. Self investigation
G. Self exploration
H. Happiness

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64. Understanding through UHV2

a. Desire of Human being is for continuous happiness
b. Understanding of co-existence
c. Feeling and thought of co-existence
d. All the above
65. The process to understand human is self exploration.
a. Goal
b. Values
c. Aspirations
d. All of the above D
66. In this course, whatever is being said is a for an individual.
a. Conclusion
b. Decision
c. Proposal
d. Request
67. Natural acceptance is?
a. Universal
b. Definite
c. Continuous
d. All of the above
68. Self exploration is a process of through self investigation.
a. Self-Evolution
b. Self Verification
c. Experience
d. All of the above
69. Mechanisms of self exploration are .
a. Natural Acceptance and Experiential Validation
b. Preconditioning and Sensations
c. Natural Acceptance and Sensations
d. Experiential Validation and Preconditioning
70. Self exploration uses two mechanisms – natural acceptance and .
a. Experiential validation
b. Reason
c. Logical thinking
d. Theoretical concepts
71. The result of self exploration is .
a. Right understanding
b. Realization
c. Excitement
d. Both a and b

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72. What are the two mechanisms/methods for self explorations?

a. Individual and Family
b. Work and Behavior
c. Thoughts and Feelings
d. Natural Acceptance and Experiential Validation

73. What is the goal of UHV 2 course

a. to explore human reality
b. to explore into nature and existence as coexistence
c. to understand the role of human being
d. all the above
74. To understand the role of human being what we try to understand in UHV 2
a. To understand the co-existence
b. To have the feeling and the thought of coexistence
c. To live in coexistence in mutual relation with human being and the rest of nature
d. All the above
75. Harmony within myself is known as .
a. Excitement
b. Happiness
c. Both
d. None of the above
76. Happiness is the state of .
a. Excitement
b. Harmony
c. Satisfaction
d. Pleasure
77. Continuous happiness and prosperity are the .
a. Impractical thought
b. Impossible desires
c. Basic human aspirations
d. None of the above
78. means harmony within myself.
a. Happiness
b. Pleasure
c. Excitement
d. All
79. To be in a state of liking is .
a. Prosperity
b. Happiness
c. Stress
d. Selfishness

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80. It is the first level of living.

a. Individual
b. Family
c. Society
d. Nature
81. It is the second level of living.
a. Individual
b. Family
c. Society
d. Nature
82. It is the third level of living.
a. Individual
b. Family
c. Society
d. Nature
83. It is the fourth level of living.
a. Individual
b. Family
c. Society
d. Nature
84. The basic Human Aspiration is
a. Money
b. Happiness
c. Prosperity
d. continuity of happiness and prosperity
85. Undivided society is ensured by
a. right understanding
b. physical facilities
c. relationship with right understanding
d. none of the above
86. The human goal at the level of family is
a. right understanding
b. fearlessness
c. coexistence
d. prosperity
87. Method of understanding UHV 2 is
a. Teaching
b. Listening
c. self exploration
d. reading

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88. What are the two dimensions we are going to refer for right understanding
a. dimension of thought and dimension of realization
b. dimension of thought and dimension of behavior
c. dimension of behavior and dimension of work
d. dimension of experience and dimension of realization
89. The process of transformation from animal consciousness and human consciousness is
a. rituals and rights
b. teaching and reading
c. human education – sanskaar
d. morals
90. To enable transformation from animal consciousness to human consciousness, it is the role of
a. Production work
b. Education sanskaar
c. Exchange storage
d. Justice preservation
91. helps the human being to transform from Animal consciousness to human
consciousness
a. Right understanding
b. Preconditioning
c. Sensations
d. None of the above
92. Animal consciousness is
a. Giving weightage to physical facilities, to the maximization of sensory
pleasures, to accumulation of wealth
b. Giving weightage to relationships, to the inherent feelings, and right understanding
c. Both
d. None
93. Human consciousness is
a. Giving weightage to physical facilities, to the maximization of sensory
pleasures, to accumulation of wealth
b. Giving weightage to relationships, to the inherent feelings, and right understanding
c. Both
d. None
94. Living with leads to undivided society and universal human order
a. Human consciousness
b. Animal consciousness
c. Preconditioning
d. Beliefs

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95. Prosperity means,

a) Health, wealth, wisdom
b) Health, time, work
c) Values, Ethic and time
d) Ethic, time and work

96. Self-study helps us to know our ____________ and how to remove.

a) Weaknesses
b) Strength
c) Ethic
d) Profession

97. Universal, rational and verifiable are ______________ of

A. Guidelines, Value Education
B. Rules, guidelines
C. Rules, Value Education
D. Ethic, Value Education

98. ______ _ helps us to correctly identify our_____________ _.

a) Rules, guidelines
b) Ethic, Value Education
c) Value Education, Aspirations
d) Rules, Aspirations

99. ______ is only a means to achieve what is considered valuable for a human being in
an effective and efficient manner.
a) Science
b) Technology
c) Ethic
d) Innovati
on

100. The process to understand human ________________ is self-exploration.

a) Ethic
b) Moral
c) Value
d) Aspiration

101. The content of Value education is expected to include all _____of human beings.
a. Ethic, Value Education
b. Ethic, Value Education
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c. Value Education, Aspirations

d. Dimensions ,

102. If we shall learn about value education, our technical and professional learning shall be
neglected.
A. True
B. False

103. Value education is just a new name for what was taught as moral education before.

a) True
b) False

104. Value means what is the price or cost of something

a) True
b) False

105. Universal means true or applicable all, at all times and everywhere
a) True
b) False

106. Natural acceptance is invariant with time

a) True
b) False
107. The process of self-exploration helps in improving relationship

a) True
b) False
108. Harmony is increased by the by the process of self-exploration

a) True
b) False
109. Happiness and Prosperity are the two basic human desires.
a) True
b) False
110. Self-verification means to accept any new proposition.

a) True
b) False
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111. Money is a salient human value.

a) True
b) False

112. Knowing’ means having the _______________ _.

A. Right understanding
B. Wrong understanding
C. Better understanding
D. Good understanding

113. …………..deals with personal transformation and societal transformation-

a) Skill Education
b) Human Education
c) Professional education
d) Inhuman Education
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114. To fulfill human aspirations are necessary.

(i) Both values and skills (ii) Values Skills (iv) None of the above
115. When we identify and set the right goals and produced in right direction. This is known as
(i) Value domain(ii) Human domain (iii) Family domain (iv) Both i & ii
116. is the process to find out what is valuable to me by investigating within myself ,what is right for
me, true for me, has to be judged within myself.
(i) Self evaluation (ii) Self exploration (iii)Self development (iv) None of the above
117. Happiness is the realization of
(i) Resolution (ii)Prosperity (iii) Both (iv) None of these
118. Working only for physical facilities is
(i) Human consciousness (ii) Animal consciousness (iii) Godly consciousness (iv) All of the above
119. Physical facilities are & for animals.
(i)Non essential & complete (ii)Necessary & Incomplete (iii) Necessary & Complete (iv)Non essential
& Incomplete
120. Understanding of harmony at four levels of living from self to entire existence is
(i) Satisfaction (ii)Innateness (iii) Right- Understanding (iv) Gratitude
121. Universal means true at all
(i) Places (ii) Time (iii)Individual (iv)All of the above
122. Self exploration uses two mechanism- Natural acceptance and
(i)Experiential validation (ii) Reason (iii) Logical thinking (iv) Theoretical concepts