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Hypothesis Testing Questions

The document discusses key concepts in hypothesis testing, including the null hypothesis, significance level, and types of errors. It differentiates between one-tailed and two-tailed tests and provides examples of when to use t-tests versus Z-tests. Additionally, it presents specific case studies where hypothesis testing is applied to evaluate claims and relationships.

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2 views2 pages

Hypothesis Testing Questions

The document discusses key concepts in hypothesis testing, including the null hypothesis, significance level, and types of errors. It differentiates between one-tailed and two-tailed tests and provides examples of when to use t-tests versus Z-tests. Additionally, it presents specific case studies where hypothesis testing is applied to evaluate claims and relationships.

Uploaded by

paliyamohit025
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Hypothesis Testing Questions

Question 1: What is a null hypothesis (H₀) and why is it important in hypothesis testing?

Ans- The null hypothesis (Ho) is a statement that assumes there is no effect or relationship
between variables. It is important because it provides a baseline for researchers to test against
and try to disprove with data

Question 2: What does the significance level (α) represent in hypothesis testing?

The significance level () is the threshold for deciding when to reject the null hypothesis, usually
set at 0.05. It represents the maximum risk you're willing to take of being wrong when you claim
a result is significant.

Question 3: Differentiate between Type I and Type II errors

A Type I error occurs when you reject a true null hypothesis, essentially finding a result that isn't
actually there. A Type II error is the opposite, where you fail to reject a false null hypothesis and
miss a real effect.

Question 4: Explain the difference between a one-tailed and two-tailed test. Give an example
of each.

A one-tailed test looks for a change in only one specific direction, like checking if a new drug
is better than an old one. A two-tailed test checks for any difference at all, such as testing if two
groups simply have different average test scores.

Question 5: A company claims that the average time to resolve a customer complaint is 10
minutes. A random sample of 9 complaints gives an average time of 12 minutes and a
standard deviation of 3 minutes. At α = 0.05, test the claim.

Since the sample size is small () and we only have the sample standard deviation, we use a t-
test. With a calculated t-value of

and a critical value of , we fail to reject the null [Link] means there isn't enough
evidence to disprove the company's claim that the average resolution time is 10 minutes.

Question 6: When should you use a Z-test instead of a t-test?


You should use a Z-test when your sample size is large (typically over 30) and the population
standard deviation is already known. If the sample is small or you only know the sample's
standard deviation, you should stick with a t-test instead.

Que 7-

Ans-

Using a paired t-test, the calculated t-value is approximately 4.16, which is greater than the
critical value of 2.015 for a one-tailed test. Since our result is significant, we reject the null
hypothesis and conclude that the training program successfully improved productivity.

Que 8-

Ans-

Using a Chi-square test, the calculated value is 16.67, which is much higher than the critical
value of 3.84. This means we reject the null hypothesis, proving that product preference is not
independent and actually depends on gender.

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