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Geomorphic Notes 2column

Geomorphology is the study of Earth's landforms and surface processes, categorized into endogenic and exogenic processes. Endogenic processes are driven by internal heat, creating major landforms, while exogenic processes involve surface processes influenced by solar energy, such as weathering and erosion. Key concepts include denudation, types of weathering, and the effects of forces like diastrophism and volcanism.

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6 views1 page

Geomorphic Notes 2column

Geomorphology is the study of Earth's landforms and surface processes, categorized into endogenic and exogenic processes. Endogenic processes are driven by internal heat, creating major landforms, while exogenic processes involve surface processes influenced by solar energy, such as weathering and erosion. Key concepts include denudation, types of weathering, and the effects of forces like diastrophism and volcanism.

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subha22032002
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Geomorphic Processes –

Short Notes
Geomorphology: Study of Earth’s landforms and Exogenic processes: Surface processes driven by
surface processes. solar energy.
Major agents: Running water, wind, glaciers, sea
Father of Geomorphology: William Morris Davis. waves.
Geomorphic processes: Endogenic (internal) and Denudation: Overall lowering and wearing down of
Exogenic (external). Earth’s surface.
Endogenic processes: Driven by internal heat and Main denudational processes: Weathering, erosion,
mantle convection. transportation, deposition.
Energy sources: Primordial heat and radioactive Weathering: In■situ breakdown of rocks at or near
decay. Earth’s surface.
Convection current theory proposed by Arthur Holmes
(1930). Types: Physical, chemical, biological weathering.
Endogenic forces create major relief features like Physical weathering: Mechanical disintegration without
mountains and plateaus. chemical change.
Examples: Frost action, exfoliation, salt crystallization,
Examples: Himalayan uplift vs Aravalli erosion. thermal expansion.
Major endogenic effects: Diastrophism, volcanism, Tor: Rounded rock hill commonly formed in granite
earthquakes. landscapes.
Diastrophism: Deformation of Earth’s crust forming Chemical weathering: Decomposition of rocks through
large landforms. chemical reactions.
Orogenic movement: Horizontal crustal movement Processes: Oxidation, reduction, carbonation,
forming mountains. hydration, solution.
Epeirogenic movement: Broad vertical uplift or Spheroidal weathering: Chemical rounding of rock
subsidence of landmasses. edges.
Earthquake: Sudden release of energy causing crustal Leaching: Dissolution and removal of soluble minerals
shaking. by water.
Volcanism: Eruption of magma, lava, ash and gases Biological weathering: Rock breakdown by plants,
from Earth’s interior. animals and microbes.
Mass movement: Down■slope movement of rock or
soil due to gravity.

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