1

1 Mario tests new cars.

The probability that a car is faulty is 0.04 .

(a) Find the probability that a car is not faulty.

...................................................... [1]

(b) In one week Mario tests 850 cars.

Find the number of cars that are expected to be faulty.

...................................................... [2]

[Total: 3]

2 A bag contains 5 red balls, 4 blue balls and 3 green balls.

Marie picks balls at random, without replacement, from the 12 balls.
When she picks a green ball she stops.

The probability that she picks a green ball on pick n is .

Find the value of n.

n = ................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]
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3 A bag contains 5 red balls, 4 blue balls and 3 green balls.

Mick picks 2 of the 12 balls at random, without replacement.

Calculate the probability that the balls are different colours.

......................................................... [4]

[Total: 4]

4 A bag contains 5 red balls, 4 blue balls and 3 green balls.

(a) Megan picks a ball at random.

Write down the probability that the ball is red or blue.

...................................................... [1]

(b) Megan replaces the ball.

She picks a ball at random, notes the colour and replaces the ball.
She repeats this 60 times.

Calculate the number of times the ball is expected to be red or blue.

...................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]
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5 The table shows the number of items sold to each of 60 customers in a shop.

Number of items Frequency

sold

0 3

1 6

2 12

3 8

4 14

5 10

6 3

7 4

(a) Find the range.

...................................................... [1]

(b) Calculate the mean.

...................................................... [3]

(c) Find the probability that a customer picked at random buys more than 4 items.

...................................................... [2]

[Total: 6]
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6 A 4-sided spinner is numbered 1, 2, 3 and 4.

The table shows the probability of the spinner landing on 1, 2 and 4.

Number 1 2 3 4

Probability 0.27 0.18 0.32

Complete the table.

[2]

[Total: 2]

7 Kim has a 6-sided spinner numbered 1 to 6.

She spins it 63 times and her scores are shown in the table.

Score on spinner 1 2 3 4 5 6

Frequency 12 7 15 11 8 10

(a) Find the relative frequency of scoring a 5 with this spinner.

................................................... [1]

(b) Work out the mean score.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 4]
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8 Dominic asks 30 students in his class if they are right-handed or left-handed.

7 students are left-handed.

Work out the expected number of left-handed students in the whole school of 960 students.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]

9 The probability of picking a red sweet from a bag is 0.05 .

Find the probability of not picking a red sweet.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 1]

10 At a festival, 380 people out of 500 people questioned say that they are camping.
There are 55 300 people at the festival.

Calculate an estimate of the total number of people camping at the festival.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]
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11 The Venn diagram shows the number of students in a class of 40 who study physics (P), mathematics (M)
and geography (G).

(a) Use set notation to describe the shaded region.

................................................... [1]

(b) Find .

................................................... [1]

(c) A student is chosen at random from those studying geography.

Find the probability that this student also studies physics or mathematics but not both.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 4]
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12 140 students choose which subjects they want to study.

• 122 students choose biology (B).

• 55 students choose chemistry (C).
• 2 students do not choose biology and do not choose chemistry.

B C

(a) Complete the Venn diagram.

[2]

(b) One of these students is picked at random.

Find the probability that this student chooses biology and chemistry.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

13 Some cards have either a square, a circle or a triangle drawn on them.

Piet chooses one of the cards at random.

Complete the table to show the probability of choosing a card with each shape.

Shape Square Circle Triangle

Probability 0.2 0.32

[2]

[Total: 2]

14 = {x : x is a natural number 16}

(a) Write down all the square numbers in the universal set, .

................................................... [2]
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(b) Write down the six prime numbers in the universal set, .

.......... , .......... , .......... , .......... , .......... , .......... [2]

(c) M = {x : x is a multiple of 3}
F = {x : x is a factor of 15}

(i) Complete the Venn diagram to show the elements of these sets.

[2]

(ii) Write down all the odd numbers that are not in set M and not in set F.

................................................... [1]

(iii) Find .

................................................... [1]

(iv) A number is chosen at random from the universal set, .

Find the probability that this number is in set F.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 9]
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15

V E N N D I A G R A M

The diagram shows 11 cards.

(a) One of these cards is chosen at random.

Write down the probability that the letter on the card is not A.

................................................... [1]

(b) A card is chosen at random from these 11 cards and then replaced.
A second card is then chosen at random.

Find the probability that exactly one card has the letter N.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 4]

16 12 friends travel to a festival.

5 travel by car, 4 travel by bus and 3 travel by train.
Two people are chosen at random from the 12 friends.

Calculate the probability that they travel by different types of transport.

................................................... [4]

[Total: 4]
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17
E M

............. .......... .............

.............

50 students are asked if they like English (E) and if they like mathematics (M).
3 say they do not like English and do not like mathematics.
33 say they like English.
42 say they like mathematics.

(a) Complete the Venn diagram. [2]

(b) A student is chosen at random.

Find the probability that this student likes English and likes mathematics.

................................................... [1]

(c) Two students are chosen at random.

Find the probability that they both like mathematics.

................................................... [2]

(d) Two students who like English are chosen at random.

Find the probability that they both also like mathematics.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 7]
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18 The time, t minutes, taken by each of 80 people to travel to work is recorded.

The table shows information about these times.

Time
(t minutes)

Frequency 3 7 18 28 24

(a) One of these 80 people is chosen at random.

Find the probability that this person took longer than 10 minutes to travel to work.
Give your answer as a fraction in its simplest form.

................................................... [2]

(b) Two people are chosen at random from those taking 20 minutes or less to travel to work.

Calculate the probability that one of these people took 5 minutes or less and the other took more than
5 minutes.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 5]
 12

19 Mahika records how 120 students from Year 1 and Year 2 travel to school.
Each student walks, cycles or travels by bus.

• 48 students are in Year 1.

• 77 students walk.
• 5 students in Year 2 cycle.
• 36 students travel by bus.
•
of the students who travel by bus are in Year 1.

(a) Complete the table.

Walk Cycle Bus Total

Year 1

Year 2

Total 120

[3]

(b) One of the 120 students is chosen at random.

Work out the probability that this student does not travel by bus to school.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 5]

20 6 5
6 7

5
3 5

8
2

The diagram shows a fair 9-sided spinner.

The numbers on the spinner are 2, 3, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 7 and 8.

(a) The spinner is spun once.

Write down the probability that the spinner lands on

(i) the number 8,

................................................... [1]
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(ii) a number less than 7.

................................................... [1]

(b) The spinner is spun 135 times.

Work out the expected number of times the spinner lands on the number 6.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

21 The probability that Shalini is late for school on any day is .

(a) Complete the tree diagram for Monday and Tuesday.

Monday Tuesday

Late
........

Late

........
........
Not late

Late
........

........
Not late

........
Not late
[2]
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(b) Calculate the probability that Shalini is late on Monday but is not late on Tuesday.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 4]

22 The Venn diagram shows the number of students in a group of 50 students who wear glasses (G), who wear
trainers (T) and who have a mobile phone (M).

G
T
0 2 3
2
19 14

1
M 9

(a) Use set notation to describe the region that contains only one student.

................................................... [1]

(b) Find .

................................................... [1]

(c) One student is picked at random from the 50 students.

Find the probability that this student wears trainers but does not wear glasses.

................................................... [1]
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(d) Two students are picked at random from those wearing trainers.

Find the probability that both students have mobile phones.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 6]

23 The table shows the relative frequency of the games won by a football team.

Result of game won lost drawn

Relative frequency 0.1

The number of games lost is twice the number of games drawn.

Complete the table.

[3]

[Total: 3]

24 Francesca spins a four-sided spinner numbered 1, 2, 3 and 4.

The table shows some of the probabilities of landing on each number.

Number 1 2 3 4

Probability 0.18 0.21 0.37

Complete the table.

[2]

[Total: 2]
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25 The probability that Jane wins a game is

Find the probability that Jane does not win the game.

..................................... [1]

[Total: 1]

26 The probability that a train is late is 0.15 .

Write down the probability that the train is not late.

........................................ [1]

[Total: 1]

27 A bag contains 5 red balls and 3 blue balls.

Sophie takes a ball at random, notes its colour and then puts it back in the bag.
She does this a second time.

(a) Complete the tree diagram.

First ball Second ball

Red

5 Red
8

Blue

Red

Blue

Blue
[2]
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(b) Work out the probability that both of the balls she takes are blue.

...................................... [2]

[Total: 4]

28
The probability that Jane wins a game is .
Jane plays this game 50 times.

Find the number of times she is expected to win the game.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 1]

29 A bag contains 3 blue buttons, 8 white buttons and 5 red buttons.

Two buttons are picked at random from the bag, without replacement.

Work out the probability that the two buttons are either both red or both white.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 3]
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30 Malik goes to a shop every day to buy bread.

On any day, the probability that Malik goes to the shop in the morning is 0.7 .

If he goes in the morning, the probability that there is bread for Malik to buy is 0.95 .
If he goes later, the probability that there is bread for Malik to buy is 0.6 .

Calculate the probability that, on any day, there is bread for Malik to buy.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 3]

31 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12}

E = {x: x is an even number}
M = {x: x is a multiple of 3}

E M

(a) Complete the Venn diagram. [2]

 19

(b) Write down .

................................................... [1]

(c) A number is chosen at random from the universal set .

Write down the probability that the number is in the set .

................................................... [2]

[Total: 5]

32

Bag A Bag B

Bag A contains 2 black marbles and 3 white marbles.

Bag B contains 5 black marbles and 8 white marbles.

(a) Write down the probability that a marble picked at random from bag A is black.

................................................... [1]

(b) Toby says,

‘You are more likely to pick a black marble at random from bag B than from bag A
because bag B has more black marbles.’

Is Toby correct?
Give a reason for your answer.

.............................. because ....................................................................................................... [2]

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(c) Toby adds some marbles to bag B.

The probability of picking a black marble at random from either bag is now the same.

Work out the smallest number of black marbles and white marbles he adds to bag B.

Black ...................................................

White ................................................... [2]

[Total: 5]

33 20 students choose their favourite science subject.

The results are shown in the bar chart.

12

10

8
Frequency
6

0
Biology Chemistry Physics

(a) Work out how many more students choose biology than physics.

................................................... [1]

(b) Write down the fraction of students whose favourite science subject is chemistry.

................................................... [1]
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(c) One of the 20 students is picked at random.

Write down the probability that this student did not choose biology.

................................................... [2]

(d) Only one of the averages, median, mode and mean can be found for these results.

(i) Write down the average that can be found.

................................................... [1]

(ii) Find this average for these results.

................................................... [1]

(iii) Explain why the range cannot be found.

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 7]

34 In a class activity, all the 15 students wear hats.

7 students wear red hats, 6 students wear green hats and 2 students wear white hats.

(a) One of these students is picked at random.

Find the probability that this student wears a red hat.

................................................... [1]

(b) Two of the 15 students are picked at random.

Show that the probability that these two students wear hats of the same colour is .

[3]
 22

(c) Three of the 15 students are picked at random.

Find the probability that at least two of these three students wear red hats.

................................................... [4]

[Total: 8]

35 A shop gives each of 1000 people a voucher.

28 people use their voucher.
The shop now gives each of 16 500 people a voucher.

Calculate how many of these 16 500 people are expected to use their voucher.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 1]

36 On any day, the probability that Marcus will get a seat on the school bus is 0.93 .

(a) Write down the probability that he will not get a seat on the school bus today.

................................................... [1]

(b) There are 200 school days in a year.

Work out the expected number of days in a year that Marcus will not get a seat.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]
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37 A bag contains blue, red, yellow and green balls only.

A ball is taken from the bag at random.
The table shows some information about the probabilities.

Colour Blue Red Yellow Green

Probability 0.15 0.2 0.43

(a) Complete the table.

[2]

(b) Abdul takes a ball at random and replaces it in the bag.

He does this 200 times.

Find how many times he expects to take a red ball.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

38 Sofia has a bag containing 8 blue beads and 7 red beads only.
She takes one bead out of the bag at random and replaces it.
She does this 90 times.

Find the number of times she expects to take a red bead.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]
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39 = {x : x is a natural number 15}

F = {x : x is a factor of 12}
O = {x : x is an odd number}

(a) Complete the Venn diagram to show the elements of these sets.

[2]

(b) Write down one number that is in set O, but not in set F.

................................................... [1]

(c) Find .

................................................... [1]

(d) A number is chosen at random from .

Work out the probability that this number is in set O.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 5]