1.

For the following circuit determine

a. Feedback component or network
b. The output
c. The connection of feedback network at the input
d. Input and output circuit and Simplified circuit representation

Find feedback gain (B), amplifier gain (A), overall feedback gain (Af), input and output impedance

In this configuration resistor Re is common to base to emitter input circuit as well as collector to emitter output
circuit and input current Ib as well as output current Ic both flow through it. And also the output and feedback
circuit hasn’t common terminal therefore it has current output. All terminal of feedback circuit is inside the input
terminal therefore it has shunt mixing circuit.
To find input circuit set Io = 0, then RL appears at the input side.
To find output circuit set Ii = 0, then Re appears in the output circuit.
The resulting circuit become:

Replace transistor with its approximate h-parameter equivalent circuit

To find the feedback gain
Vf  I o Re
    Re
Io Io
  1.2K
The amplifier gain can be obtained as:
Io
A  Gm 
Vi
To find the open loop gain Vi is the same as Vs
Io
Gm 
Vs

Io  h fe Ib

Vs  Ib ( Rs  hie  Re )

h fe Ib h fe 50
Gm     0.015
Ib ( Rs  hie  Re ) Rs  hie  Re 1K  1.1K  1.2 K
To calculate the overall feedback
D  1  Gm   1  (0.015)(1.2)  19
Gm 0.015
Gmf    0.000789
D 19
The input impedance
Rif  Ri D

Ri  Rs  hie  Re  1K  1.1K  1.2 K  3.3K 

Rif  3.3K 19  62.7 K 

The output impedance

Ro  

Rof  
2. For the following circuit determine
a. Feedback component or network
b. The output
c. The connection of feedback network at the input
d. Input and output circuit and Simplified circuit representation

Find feedback gain (B), amplifier gain (A), overall feedback gain (Af), input and output impedance

Resistor R' connected from the output to the input, therefore it is feedback circuit. The amplifier is voltage shunt
feedback amplifier
To find input circuit, set Vo = 0, this places R' between base and ground.
To find output circuit, set Vi = 0, this places R' between collector and ground. Since it is a shunt feedback we use
Norton's equivalent of the source, i.e. current source.

The equivalent circuit representation become

Feedback gain
If

Vo
Vi  Vo Vo
If   ' ,Vo Vi
R' R
1 1
   2.5 105
R' 40K
Open loop or amplifier gain can be obtained as:
Vo I o Rc
Rm  
Is Is
I o I c Ib
Rm     Rc
I c Ib I s
Io I o I c Ib
  
I s I c Ib I s

R' Io R' 40 K
Io   I ,     0.895
Rc  R ' c
Ic Rc  R '
40 K  4.7 K

Ic
I c  h fe I b ,  h fe  50
Ib

Rs / / R ' Ib Rs / / R ' 10 K / /40 K

Ib  Is ,    0.879
Rs / / R  hie
'
I s Rs / / R  hie 10 K / /40 K  8K
'

Rm  0.895  50  0.897  4.7 K  184.8K

D  1  Rm   1  (184.8K  2.5 105 )  5.6

The overall feedback gain become

Rm 184.8K
Rmf    32.9 K
D 5.62
Input impedance
Ri  Rs / / R ' / / hie  0.967 K

Ri 0.967 K
Rif    172
D 5.6
Output impedance
Ro  R '

Ro 40 K
Rof    889.88
D 44.95
Rof '  Rof / / Rc  889.88 / /4.7 K  748.2

3. For the following circuit determine

a. Feedback component or network
b. The output
c. The connection of feedback network at the input
d. Input and output circuit and Simplified circuit representation

Find feedback gain (B), amplifier gain (A), overall feedback gain (Af), input and output impedance

hfe=100 and hie=1K

From the figure the output and feedback circuit R’ has common terminal therefore the output is voltage and the
mixing is shunt type therefore the circuit voltage shunt feedback amplifier.
The input circuit, set Vo = 0, this places R' between base and ground.
To find output circuit, set Vi = 0, this places R' between collector and ground. Since it is a shunt feedback we use
Norton's equivalent of the source, i.e. current source.
The equivalent circuit become
Feedback gain
If Vo
 ,If 
Vo R'
1 1
 '
  1105
R 100K
Amplifier gain
Vo I o Rc
Rm  
Is Is
Io I o I c Ib
  
I s I c Ib I s
I o I c Ib
Rm     Rc
I c Ib I s

R' Io R' 100 K

Io   I ,     0.909
Rc  R ' b
Ic Rc  R 100 K  10 K
'

Ic
I c  h fe I b ,  h fe  100
Ib

Rs / / R' Ib Rs / / R'
Ib  Is ,   9.7 103
Rs / / R  hie  (1  h fe ) Re
'
I s Rs / / R  hie  (1  h fe ) Re
'

Rm  0.909 100  9.7 103 10 103  8.82 K

D  1   Rm  1  (1105 )(8.82 103 )  1.08

The overall gain

Rm 8.82 K
Rmf    8.1K
D 1.08
Input impedance
Ri  Rs / / R' / / hie  (1  h fe ) Re  980

Ri 980
Rif    900.5
D 1.08
4. For the following circuit determine
a. Feedback component or network
b. The output
c. The connection of feedback network at the input
d. Input and output circuit and Simplified circuit representation

Find feedback gain (B), amplifier gain (A), overall feedback gain (Af), input and output impedance
The output and feedback circuit Re has no common node hence it is current sampling. The feedback is applied in
series with the input signal, hence topology used is current series feedback.
To find input circuit, set Io = 0. This places Re in series with input.
To find output circuit Vs = 0. This places Re in the output side.

The equivalent circuit representation become

Feedback gain
Vf I e Re I R
    o e   Re
Io Io Io
Amplifier gain
Io
Gm 
Vs

Io  h fe Ib
Vs  ( Rs / / R1 / / R2  hie  Re ) Ib

h fe
Gm 
( Rs / / R1 / / R2  hie  Re )

Ri  Rs / / R1 / / R2  hie  Re

Rif  Ri D

5. For the following circuit determine

a. Feedback component or network
b. The output
c. The connection of feedback network at the input
d. Input and output circuit and Simplified circuit representation

Find feedback gain (B), amplifier gain (A), overall feedback gain (Af), input and output impedance

Where hie=1.1k and hfe=50

15K and 100 ohm resistors are feedback component and the circuit has current shunt topology.
To find input circuit, set Io = 0. This gives series combination of resistors 15 K and 100 Ω across the input of the
first transistor.
To find output circuit, set Vi = 0. This gives parallel combination of resistors 15 K and 100 Ω at emitter of the second
transistor.
Simplified model become
Feedback gain
If

Io

Re 2
If  Io
Re 2  15K
Re 2
  6.62 103
Re 2  15K
Open loop or amplifier gain
I I I c 2 Ib 2 I c1 I b1
Ai      
I s I c 2 Ib 2 I c1 Ib1 I s

I
 1
Ic2
Ic2
I c 2  h fe Ib 2 ,  h fe  50
Ib 2
Rc / /91K / /10 K
Ib 2   Ic2
Rc / /91K / /10 K  hie  (1  h fe )(15 K / /100)

Ib 2 Rc / /91K / /10 K
  0.33
I c1 Rc / /91K / /10 K  hie  (1  h fe )(15 K / /100)

I c1
I c1  h fe I b1 ,  h fe  50
I b1
4.7 K / /(15K  100) / /91K / /10 K I 4.7 K / /(15K  100) / /91K / /10 K
Ib1  I s , b1   0.7
hie  4.7 K / /(15K  100) / /91K / /10 K I s hie  4.7 K / /(15K  100) / /91K / /10 K

Ai  1 50  (0.33)  50  0.7  584

D  1  Ai   4.867
Overall gain
Ai
Af   120
D
Input and output impedance
Ri  4.7 K / /(15K  100) / /91K / /10K / / hie  770
 Ri
Ri f   1.58.2
D
Ro   , Rof  

Rof '  Rof / /4.7 K  4.7 K

6. For the following circuit determine

a. Feedback component or network
b. The output
c. The connection of feedback network at the input
d. Input and output circuit and Simplified circuit representation

Find feedback gain (B), amplifier gain (A), overall feedback gain (Af), input and output impedance

Where hie=1.1k and hfe=50

Re1 and Rf are feedback component and the circuit is voltage series topology.
To find input circuit, set Vo = 0 (connecting C2 to ground), which gives parallel combination of Re with Rf at input
To find output circuit, set Ii = 0 (opening the input node E1 at emitter of Q1), which gives series combination of Rf
and Re1 across the output.
The circuit become
Feedback gain
Vf

Vo

100
Vf  Vo
100  10 K
100
  0.0099
100  10K
Open loop gain
Av  Av1  Av 2

I c1 Rl1
Av1 
I b1 Ri1

Ic1  h fe Ib1

I c1
 h fe  50
Ib1

Rl1  Rc1 / / R1 / / R2 / / hie  22K / /220K / /22K / /1.1K  995

Ri1  hie  (1  h fe ) Re  6.15K 

50  995
Av1   0.8
6.15K
I c 2 Rl 2
Av 2 
Ib 2 Ri 2
Ic2
I c 2  h fe Ib 2 ,  h fe  50
Ib 2

Rl 2  Rc 2 / /( Re1  R f )  3.21K 

Ri 2  hie  1.1K 

50  3.21K
Av 2   145.9
1.1K
Overall gain
Av  (8.0)  (145.9)  1167.2

D  1   Av  1  0.009 1167.2  12.55

Ri  R1 / / R2 / / hie  (1  h fe ) Re  Rs

Rif  Ri D

7. For the following circuit determine

a. Feedback component or network
b. The output
c. The connection of feedback network at the input
d. Input and output circuit and Simplified circuit representation

Find feedback gain (B), amplifier gain (A), overall feedback gain (Af), input and output impedance

Where hie=1.1k and hfe=50

Re and R’ are feedback circuits, and the above circuit has current shunt topology.

The input circuit of the amplifier is obtained by opening the output loop at the emitter of Q2 (IQ = 0). This places
R' (5 K) in series with Re from base to emitter of Q1

The output circuit is found by shorting the input node, i.e. making Vi = 0. This places R' (5 K) in parallel with Re.
The resultant equivalent circuit become

If

Io

Re 2 Re 2 500
If  I ,     0.0909
Re 2  R 500  5 K
o
Re 2  R ' '

I o I c 2 I b 2 I c1 I b1
Ai     
I s I b 2 I c1 I b1 I s

Ic2
I c 2  h fe Ib 2 ,  h fe  50
Ib 2

 Rc1I c1 Ib2  Rc1

Ib 2  ,   0.076
Rc1  hie  (1  h fe )( Re 2 / / R ' ) I c1 Rc1  hie  (1  h fe )( Re 2 / / R ' )

I c1
I c1  h fe Ib1 ,  h fe  50
I b1
 Rs / /( R'  Re 2 ) I s Ib1 Rs / /( R'  Re 2 )
Ib1  ,   0.049
Rs / /( R'  Re 2 )  hie (1  h fe ) Re1 I s Rs / /( R '  Re 2 )  hie (1  h fe ) Re1

Ai  (50)  (0.076)  50  0.049  9.31

D  1   Ai  1.86

Ai
Af   5.04
D

Ri  Rs / /( R'  Re2 )  hie (1  h fe ) Re1

Ri
Rif 
D