Scribd
Upload
4 views2 pages

Terrorism Notes

Terrorism is defined as the use or threat of violence to advance political, religious, or ideological causes, often targeting civilians and creating fear. The document outlines various types of terrorism, including bioterrorism and eco-terrorism, and discusses causes such as international injustice, poverty, and ethnic conflict. It also highlights the evolution of terrorism from historical movements to modern threats like ISIS and cyber terrorism.

Uploaded by

Hadia Batool
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
4 views2 pages

Terrorism Notes

Terrorism is defined as the use or threat of violence to advance political, religious, or ideological causes, often targeting civilians and creating fear. The document outlines various types of terrorism, including bioterrorism and eco-terrorism, and discusses causes such as international injustice, poverty, and ethnic conflict. It also highlights the evolution of terrorism from historical movements to modern threats like ISIS and cyber terrorism.

Uploaded by

Hadia Batool
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

TERRORISM • COMPLETE NOTES

Section A

1. Definition of Terrorism

Terrorism is the use or threat of violence for the purpose of advancing political, religious and
ideological causes involving serious violence against any group, person or property (British
government perspective).

2. Features of Terrorism

• Use of violence or threat

• Creation of fear

• Political, religious or ideological motive

• Targeting civilians

3. 9/11 attacks are a major example of terrorism which caused huge disturbance in global politics.

4. Types:

• Bioterrorism

• Eco•terrorism

5. Causes:

• International injustice

• Religious causes

• Ethnic causes

Section B

1. Definition varies from person to person. Victims, governments and attackers see terrorism
differently, making it difficult to define universally.

2. Terrorism is the use or threat of violence for political, religious and ideological goals. Example:
9/11 attacks.

3. History and evolution: Began with French Revolution, later anarchist movements in 19th century,
nationalist movements in 20th century, and global terrorism in 21st century like Al•Qaeda and ISIS.

4. Religious terrorism: Violence motivated by religious ideologies such as ISIS activities.

5. Methods:

• Bombings

• Assassinations

6. Poverty contributes indirectly by increasing:


• Lack of jobs

• Lack of education

• Inequality

7. Causes explain why terrorism happens; methods explain how it happens.

Section C

1. Definition (Bruce Hoffman): deliberate use or threat of violence against civilians to achieve
political, ideological or religious objectives through fear.

Terrorism as communication strategy, asymmetric warfare, and involves non•state and


state•sponsored actors.

2. Evolution: Sicarii, Hashshashin, French Revolution, anarchists, nationalist movements, Cold War
groups, 9/11 attacks, modern cyber and lone•wolf terrorism.

3. Types of terrorism include:

Bioterrorism, Cyber terrorism, Eco•terrorism, Nuclear terrorism, Narco•terrorism, Political terrorism.

4. Causes of terrorism in South Asia:

• Political instability

• Poverty and inequality

• Ethnic and religious conflict

• Extremism

• Regional conflicts like Kashmir

• Weak borders

• Lack of education

5. Methods vs Causes:

Methods explain how attacks are carried out, while causes explain why terrorism occurs. Terrorists
use violence to create fear and achieve political or ideological goals.

You might also like