GOVT.

WOMEN’S POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

KALAMASSERY, ERNAKULAM

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
2019 – 2022

PROJECT REPORT
ON
BOOKTIQUE
LIBRARY
AT
PERUMBAVOOR
GOVT. WOMEN’S POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
KALAMASSERY, ERNAKULAM

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
2019 – 2022

PROJECT REPORT
ON

BOOKTIQUE LIBRARY
AT
PERUMBAVOOR
GUIDED BY,
Mrs. RICHU THOMAS
Mrs. RUKSANA T.S

SUBMITTED BY,

DEVIKA RATHEESH - 19180016

 GOVT. WOMEN’S POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
KALAMASSERY, ERNAKULAM

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
2019 – 2022

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project report entitled BOOKTIQUE LIBRARY, PERUMBAVOOR
was done by DEVIKA RATHEESH of final year architecture student, Women’s Polytechnic
College, Ernakulam in practical fulfillment of the requirement of the award of Diploma in
Architecture Engineering of Technical education department during the academic year of 2019-
2022.

STAFF IN CHARGE HEAD OF SECTION

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

PLACE : ERNALULAM
DATE :
 CONTENT

Sl No Topic Page No
1 Acknowledgment 1
2 Introduction 2
Definition of Library 3
The Project an Out look 4
3 Feasibility 5
The need for a Library 6
4 Literature Study 7
Types of Library 8
Importance of Library 9
Goals of Library 9
5 Data Collection 10
KMBR 11-15

Time-saver Standards 16 -21

NBC 22-23
6 Case Study 24
Calgary Central Library, Canada 25-29
Billie Jean King Main Library, U.S 30-34
7 The Site 35
Site Selection 36
Site Analysis 37-38
8 Drawings 39-48
9 Conclusion 49
10 Bibliography 50
 ACNOWLEDGEMENT

We with great happiness and sincere gratitude thank almighty for His
gracious help and guidance, which has been us throughout our works.
We express our most sincere and humble thanks to [Link] K. A Head of
Department of Architecture, W.P.T.C Ernakulum and profoundly thanks to [Link] Thomas
and [Link] T.S for the constant encouragement, inspiration and guidance rented by her
throughout all stages of our project.
We would like to extent our special thanks to all the other staff members of
Architectural Department for their whole hearted co-operation and suggestions in improving
our design.

THANKFULLY,

DEVIKA RATHEESH

1
INTRODUCTION

2
 DEFINITION OF LIBRARY

A library is a collection of materials, books or media that are accessible for use
and not just for display purpose. A library provides physical or digital access materials. A
library’s collection can include printed materials and other physical resources in many formats
such as dvd, cd and cassette as well as access to information, music or other content held on
bibliographic databases. A library, which may very widely in size, may be organized for use and
maintained by a public body such as government; an institution as a school or museum; a
corporation or a private individual. Library buildings often provide quiet areas of studying, as
well as common areas for group study and collaboration, and may provide public facilities for
access to their electronic resources for instance computers and access to the internet. Modern
libraries extend their services beyond the physical walls of a building by providing materials
accessible by electronic means, including from home via the internet.

3
 THE PROJECT AN OUTLOOK

The project is the centre of an ideal library for people’s. It includes an

administrative zone which pulls the string of the entire zone. Outdoor reading area provided for
improve the relationship between man and environment. And also the readers can enjoy the
beauty of nature. Outdoor plaza provided for conduct programs. the whole building and the
surrounding provide a free and peaceful atmosphere for the readers.

4
FEASIBILITY

5
 THE NEED FOR A LIBRARY

In this modern era the need of library is much more than early days. It provides
employment opportunities. It is gateway to knowledge and culture, library plays a fundamental in
society. The resources and services they offer create opportunities for learning, support literacy and
education, and help shape the new ideas and perspectives that are central to a creative and
innovative society.
A library plays very important role in promoting the progress of knowledge.
There are many people who love reading. But they can’t afford to buy books because price of
books are very high. So when one becomes a member of a library, he can borrow a valuable
books and are return by the due date.
Libraries are a forgotten source of knowledge today due to internet, but they still
are equally important for better growth and development.

6
LITERATURE STUDY

7
TYPES OF LIBRARY

DIGITAL LIBRARY
A digital library also called online library, an internet library, a digital
repository, or a digital collection is an online database of digital objects that can include text,
still images, audio, video, digital documents, or other digital media formats or a library
accessible through the internet.

PUBLIC LIBRARY
A public library is a library that is accessible by the general public and is
usually funded from public sources, such as taxes,

SCHOOL LIBRARY
A school library is a library within a school where students, staff, and often,
parents of public or private school have access to a variety of resources. The goal of the school
library media center is to ensure that all members of the school community have equitable
access “to books and reading, to information, and to information technology.

ACADAMIC LIBRARY
An academic library is a library that is attached to a higher education
institution and serves two complementary purposes: to support the curriculum and the research
of the university faculty and students, it is unknown how many academic libraries there are
worldwide.

RESERCH LIBRARY
Which contains an in-depth collection of materials on one or several subjects.
A research library will generally include an in-depth selection of materials on a particular topic
or set of topics and contains primary sources as well as secondary sources.

NATIONAL LIBRARY
Established by government as a country’s preeminent repository of
information. Unlike public libraries, these rarely allow citizens to brow books. Often they
include numerous rare, valuable, or significant works. A national library is that library which
has the duty of collecting and preserving the literature of the nation within and outside the
country. Thus national libraries whose community is the nation at large.
8
SPECIAL LIBRARY
It provides specialized information resources on a particular subject, serves a
specialized and limited clientele, and delivers specialized services to that clientele. Special
libraries include corporate libraries, government libraries, law libraries, medical libraries,
museum libraries, news libraries. Special libraries also exist within academic institutions. These
libraries are included as special libraries because they are often funded separately from the rest
of the university and they serve a targeted group of users.

IMPORTANCE OF LIBRARY

Libraries, which house centuries of learning, information, history, and truth,

are important defenders in the fight against misinformation. By providing free access to
educational, news, and historical resources, libraries help keep the public informed with facts,
rather than confused with fiction.

GOALS OF LIBRARY

1. Identifying, selecting and collecting information’s.

2. Organizing, delivering and providing access to information resources.
3. Assisting all its users in becoming self-sufficient, information-literate researchers.
4. Facilitating preservation, organization, and access to the intellectual capital of the university.

9
DATA COLLECTION

10
SOURCE: KMBR

OCCUPANCY OF LIBRARY
Group D Assembly
Assembly building shall include any building or part of a building exceeding 200
sq. meter’s of built-up area where people congregate or gather for amusement, recreation,
social, religious, patriotic, political, civil, travel and similar purposes such as theatres, motion
picture houses or cinemas, assembly halls for educational, dramatic or theatrical presentations,
auditoriums, convention centres, wedding halls, community halls, exhibition halls, art galleries,
museums, libraries, skating rings, gymnasiums, congregation, dance halls, club rooms,
passenger stations or transport terminals, recreation piers, amusement park structures, viewing
stands, grand stands, stadia and circus tents:
Provided that it shall not include multiplexes in which each screen has a seating
capacity less than 300 each.

SETBACKS
200 – 500 sq. metres Above 500 sq. metres
Front (in metre) 5 7.5
Rear (in metre) 2 3
Sides (in metre) 2 3 and 5

COVERAGE
Maximum
Maximum Maximum Permissible F.S.I
Occupancy Permissible Permissible F.S.I With additional fee
Coverage Without additional Of Rs 5000 per sq.
fee Metre for the
additional area
Assembly 40 1.5 2.5

OFF-STREET PARKING SPACE

25 sq. metre of build-up area.

11
HEIGHT OF ROOM
The height of room intended for human entry in a building other than residential
building occupancy and livestock/poultry farm shall not be less than 3 metres: Provided the in the
case of air-conditioned rooms it shall not be less than 2.4 metres.

SANITATION FACILITIES
Size of bathroom and latrine
1. The area of bathroom shall not be less than 1.50 sq. metres with either side not less
than1.1m, area of a latrine shall not be less than 1.10 sq. metres with one side not less
than 1.0 metre: Provided that the area of combined bathroom and latrine shall be not less
than 2.2 sq. metres with one side not less than 1. 1 metres:
2. The height of bathroom or latrine shall be not less than 2.20metres.
Water closet
Every building above 50 square metres of build-up area shall be provided with at least
one water closet.

SANITATION REQUIREMENTS

[Link] Fitments Library with peoples

1 Water Closet 1 per 200 males or part thereof
and 1 per 100 females or part
thereof for the first 1000 sq.
meters of built up area and 1
per 400 males or part thereof
and 1 per 200 females or part
thereof for the remaining area.
2 Urinals 1 per 50 persons or part thereof
for the first 1000 sq. meters of
built up area and 1 per 100
persons or part thereof for the
remaining area.
3 Wash Basin 1 for every 200 males and 1 for
every 200 females for the first
1000 sq. meters of built up area
and 1 per 400 males and 1 per
400 females or part thereof for
the remaining area
4 Bath

12
STAIRCASE
1. Any building having more than one floor shall be provided with a staircase unless each
such floor is independently accessible from ground.
2. The number and width of stair shall be determined with respect to the occupant load as
table 16 of these rules and maximum travel distance between two stairs for such stair: -
(a) minimum width of stair shall be 120 centimetres, (b) minimum width of tread shall be
30 centimetres, shall not be less than 60m.
3. For such stair: -
a) minimum width of stair shall be 120 centimetres
b) minimum width of tread shall be 30 centimetres
c) maximum height of riser shall be 15 centimetres
d) minimum height of handrail shall be 90 centimetres
4. The minimum headroom in a passage under the landing of a staircase and under the
staircase shall be 2.2m.
5. Any building having more than three floors including basement floor(s) shall have at least
two staircases, one of which may be a fire escape staircase:
6. Escalators can be provided instead of staircases. The width of such escalators shall not be
less than one metre.

FIRE ESCAPING STAIRCASE

1. Fire escape staircase shall be provided for every building under
a). Residential occupancy exceeding three storeys above ground level;
b). Non-residential occupancies exceeding two storeys above ground level;
Note: - Fire escape staircase is one which is connected to public areas and/or common areas on
all floors and leads directly to exterior open space at ground, has at least one side abutting
external wall, this side being provided with openable glass or break open glass or fully open
and has landing areas accessible from the external side to facilitate rescue operations during an
emergency.
2. Width of fire escape staircase shall not be less than one metre.
3. Tread shall not be less than 25 centimetres.
4. Riser shall not exceed 19 centimetres and the number of risers shall not exceed 16 per
flight of stairs.
5. Height of handrail of a fire escape staircase shall not be less than 100 centimetres and not
more than 120 centimetres.
6. The spacing between the balustrades should be less than 15 centimetres.
7. The use of spiral staircase shall be limited to buildings up to 10 metres in height. Spiral
staircase shall not be less than 150 centimetres in diameter and shall be designed to give
adequate head room.
8. Fire escape stairs shall have straight flight for building exceeding 10 metres height.
9. Entrance to fire escape stair shall be separated and as far as possible remote from other
staircase(s) if any.
10. If the staircase provided for the building up to three storeys satisfies the provisions of fire
escape stair also, no separate fire escape stair is needed.
13
RAMPS
Ramps, if provided as a substitute for stairways, shall be laid with a slope not
exceeding 1 in 10 and such ramp shall comply with all requirements of a stairway and shall be
surfaced with approved non-slippery materials.

DOORWAYS
1. Every exit doorway shall open into an enclosed stairway or a horizontal exit or a corridor or
passageway providing continuous and protected means of egress.
2. No exit doorway shall be less than 75 centimetres in the case of residential and 1.2metres
in the case of all other occupancies.
3. Revolving door shall not be provided as a means of fire exit.

CORRIDOOR, VERANDAHS AND PASSAGEWAYS

The clear width of any corridor, veranda or passageway in any building shall
be not less than 1.0 metre at any point. The width of passages giving access to the staircase
shall not at any point be less than the width of the stair.

LIFT/ESCALATOR
Any building exceeding three storeys in the case of group C-Hospital/medical
occupancy and four storeys in the case of other occupancies shall have at least one lift.

LIGHTING AND VENTILATION

1. Every habitable room shall be furnished with sufficient number of openings such as windows
and ventilators affording effectual means of admission of light and air by direct
communication with the external air or shall be sufficiently lighted and ventilated by artificial
means.
2. No portion of a room shall be assumed to be lighted if it is more than 7.5 metres away from
the opening assumed for lighting that portion unless it is artificially lighted.
3. Every bathroom or latrine shall be provided with sufficient light and ventilation.
4. Every bathroom or latrine shall have at least one of its walls abutting on an open space or
open veranda or an air shaft if not centrally air conditioned.

14
PROVISION FOR DIFFERENTLY – ABLED, ELCERLY ANG CHILDREN
1. Every such building shall have easy access to the main entrance through a ramp.
2. Every public building exceeding 1000 sq. metres and residential flats exceeding 2500 sq.
metres built-up area shall have lift or separate approach through a ramp (intended for the
differently-abled and elderly) to each floor. The minimum cage dimensions of such lift shall
be as follows
a) Clear internal width 110 cm.
b) Clear internal depth 200 cm.
c) Entrance door width 90 cm.
3. The maximum gradient of any ramp approach intended for the differently-abled, elderly and
children shall not exceed 1 in 12 and shall be finished with non-slippery material. The
minimum width of ramp shall be 120 cm. and provided with handrails of 80 cm height on
both sides. Minimum gap from the adjacent wall to the hand rail shall be 50mm. The slope of
all such ramps shall be constant within a building. Entrance landing shall be provided
adjacent to ramp with the minimum dimension 120 cm x 150 cm.
4. Toilets: — A minimum of one special water closet shall be provided for the use of the
differently-abled and elderly with essential provision of a wash basin at an easily accessible
location with proper signages:
Provided that in the case of such special toilets:
a) These shall be provided at the ground floor for A1, A2, B, C, D, E, F & J occupancies
and at every floor in multiples of three for A2, B, C, D, E, F& J occupancies.
b) Minimum size of toilet shall be 1.50 m x 1.75 m.
c) Minimum clear opening of the door shall be 90 cm. wide, the door shall swing out, or be
sliding or folding type.
d) Suitable arrangements of vertical/horizontal handrails with 5cm. clearance from the wall
shall be provided in the toilet.
e) The water closet seat shall be 50 cm. above from the floor level:
f) At least one sink in each floor shall have a knee room of 70cm. high under the sink; and
g) Locks of such toilet doors shall be of a type that can be opened from outside in case of
emergency.
5. Parking facilities
a. 3% of the required parking subject to a minimum of one car space, shall be provided near
the entrance, exclusively for use of the differently-abled with maximum travel distance of
30 metres, from the building entrance.
b. The width of such parking bay shall be at least 3.6 metres.

15
SOURCE: TIMESAVAER STANDARADS

THE SITE
1. The site should be prominent. A corner of site at a busy intersection where the library can
easily be seen is preferred. Maximum use should be made of display windows and views of
the interior.
2. The site should permit street level entrances. Although a site that slopes to the rear has certain
advantages, a level site should be acquired is possible.
3. The site should be large enough to expansion, accessibility for service vehicles and
bookmobiles, and a modest amount of landscaping.
4. The site should permit orientation of the front of the building to the north in order to minimize
glare from the sun. When this is not possible, orientation to the east is second choice.
However, an otherwise excellent, centrally located site should not be eliminated for lack of
appropriate orientation. Modern year around temperature control devices and artificial light
can be used effectively to minimize sun exposure problems.
5. Rectangular service areas within a building lend themselves to easy supervision.
6. Ideally a site should have uniform foundation condition, either rock or soil. Test boring
should be made, preferably before a site is purchased.

LOCATION
A library is a service organization intended to serve people. Therefore, it should
be centrally located where it will be accessible to the largest number of potential readers and
information seekers.

SPACE REQURIREMENTS
The program statement, which include objectives, activities, and requirements,
will spell out total needs of floor space. The total needs divided in to five categories
1. Space For Book
To a large extent the amount of book shelving required will depend on the size of
the library service area and will depend on the size of the library is a member of a library
system. When estimating the size of the book collection, apply a standard which range from
three books per capita to one and one-half books per capita. Despite the fact that there is
considerable variation in the size of books, there are several reliable formulas which may be
used to estimate the amount of space required for books. These are: open reading rooms, 7
volumes per lineal foot, or 50 books per foot of standard height wall shelving, or 100 books
per foot of double-faced shelving; book stack areas, 15 books per square foot (includes
aisles), or 2 books per cubic foot. Approximately 50 long play phonograph records may be
shelved in one lineal foot of wall shelving. It is important to note that these formulas are
given for full capacity. Under normal conditions, one-third of each shelf should be left for
future expansion.

16
 Fig (1) Optimum shelving conditions for adults Fig (2) Opitimum shelving condition for teen-agers

Fig (3) Opitimum shelving conditions for children

2. Space For Readers

Reader seating requirements should be determined for at least 20 years ahead. Two
principal sources of information which library building planners will find equally useful for
this purpose are first, a careful analysis of purely local needs, and second, existing, time
proven formulas applied as a basic guide. The most important factor in determining reader
space needs is of course the reading potential of the people who will use the library. A
conveniently located, attractive library will stimulate dramatically increased library use.
Serious errors can result when estimates are based on use of the old, existing library. As noted
earlier an additional problem that must be carefully evaluated is providing an adequate
number of seats for use by readers during peak periods. This problem has been intensified in
recent years due to the increase in school attendance and the newer methods of instruction
which involve extensive use of reference and supplementary materials by students of all ages.
Since these periods of peak use occur irregularly, it is not economical to provide reading
rooms which will be large enough to accommodate abnormally large crowds. Therefore, some
libraries have attempted to solve this problem by locating multipurpose rooms adjacent to
adult reference and study areas. Arrangements of this type have proved to be most effective in
smaller libraries and in branch library buildings. As an established rule of thumb, minimum
allowances are made of 30 sq. ft per adult reader and 20 sq. ft per child. These allocations for
reader seating are in terms of net space for readers, chairs, tables, aisles, and service desk.
Seating requirements should be listed according to the several areas of the building.

17
Fig (4) Minimum clearances for various body position Fig (5) Minimum clearance for various body positions

in library stack area in library stack area

Fig (6) Table space requirements for readers

18
 Fig (7) Minimum clearances for people and equipment in reading rooms

3. Space For Staff

Space requirements for the staff must also be stated in the program. These estimates
will be conditioned by (1) anticipated growth for a 20-year period and (2) the nature and
extent of the library's service program. Staff space requirements should be calculated on the
basis of 100 sq. ft per staff member. A checklist of staff work areas should include (1)
administrative offices, (2) work rooms, and (3) staff lunch and lounge rooms. Administrative
offices should include a combination librarian's office-trustee room; spaces for the assistant
librarian and a secretary-receptionist; business office; and other related offices. Work room
areas should be provided for technical processing; reference, circulation, extension, and other
departments; subject specialists; and supply storage. Comfort facilities for the staff should
include cooking and lunchroom areas as well as appropriate locker, lounge, and toilet
facilities for both men and women Comfortable working conditions contribute to effective
personnel administration as well as to efficient library service.

4. Meeting Rooms
With the exception of the very smallest libraries, most public libraries should
provide some group meeting space, at least one multipurpose meeting room. At the other
extreme, a small auditorium and a series of conference rooms may be required. The services
proposed by the library together with community needs for facilities of this type will be the
final determinants. To be of maximum value, however, the room should be arranged for easy
and effective use of audio-visual equipment. In addition, there should be adjacent closet
spacefor storage of blackboards, folding tables, chairs, and related equipment. Many libraries
provide a small "Pullman" type kitchen in an area adjoining group meeting rooms. Small

19
 auditoriums may feature sloping floors along with elaborate lighting, stage, and projection
equipment, or they may be austere with major emphasis placed on flexibility. It is
recommended that no auditorium ever be included in a library building program statement
without first consulting community leaders. Such facilities are expensive to maintain and, as a
result, can place an invisible but dangerous strain on the library's budget unless fully justified.
Whenever group meeting spaces are provided, it is important that they be located where there
can be access for community use without opening the rest of the building. It is customary to
allow from 7 to 10 sq. ft per seat for meeting room and auditorium seating.

5. Space For Mechanical Operation

Included within this category are halls, stairways, toilets, elevators and lifts, air
ducts, heating and air conditioning equipment, closets, and shops. It is suggested that an
allowance of 20 percent be made for mechanical operations. After the amount of space
needed has been estimated, it should be added to the total required for the other activities to
be provided in the building.

6. Service And Space Relationships

Service and space relationships can be most readily clarified by analysing all of the
activities that take place in the library. This analysis of both public and staff use can be
facilitated through preparation of work flow studies. All public services should be located on
the main floor of a library in the interests of user convenience, economy, and simplification of
operation. Test that will help to clarify space relationships is to trace a book from the
placement of its order to the time it is placed on the public shelves and the cards are filed in
the card catalog.

20
 Fig (8) Desirable heights for catalog tray consultation

Fig (9) Study for charge desk – maximum usable space from one position or station

Fig (10) Study for feasibility of scanning the 48- in. shelf

21
SOURCE: NBC

BUILDING PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR FIRE PREVENTION

1. Passive Fire Protection (PFP) - PFP attempts to contain fires or slow the spread through use
of fire-resistant walls, floors, and doors.
2. Non-combustible materials - Building Components like floors, walls, columns, beams,
ceilings, roofs, shafts etc. should be fire rated building elements and have fire resistance
rating as stated in the NBC.

STAIRCASES AND LIFT LOBBIES

1. The external enclosing walls of the staircase shall be of the brick or the R.C.C. construction
having fire resistance of not less than two hours.
2. All enclosed staircases shall have access through self-closing door of one-hour fire
resistance.
3. The staircase enclosures on the external wall of the building shall be ventilated to the
atmosphere at each landing.
4. There shall be no glazing or the glass bricks in any internal closing wall of staircase.
5. If the staircase is in the core of the building and cannot be ventilated at each landing, a
positive pressure of 5-mm. e.g. by electrically operated Go to Settings to activate Windows
blower/blowers shall be maintained.
6. Provision of the lifts shall be made for all multistoried building having a height of 15.0 m. and
above.
7. All the floors shall be accessible for 24 hrs. by the lift. The lift provided in the buildings shall
not be considered as a means of escape in case of emergency.
8. Grounding switch at ground floor level to enable the fire service to ground the lift car in case
of emergency shall also be provided.
9. Walls of lift enclosures shall have a fire rating of two hours. Lift shafts shall have a vent at
the top of area not less than 0.2 sq m.
10. Landing door in lift enclosures shall have a fire resistance of not less than one hour.
11. Lift car door shall have a fire resistance rating of 1 hour.

FIRE ESCAPES OR EXTERNAL STAIRS

1. Fire escape shall not be taken into account while calculating the number of staircases for a
building.
2. All fire escapes shall be directly connected to the ground.
3. Entrance to the fire escape shall be separate and remote from internal staircase.
4. The route to fire escape shall be free of obstructions at all times except the doorway leading to
the fire escape.
22
AIR-CONDITIONING

1. Escape routes like staircase, common corridors, lift lobbies; etc. should not be used as return
air passage.
2. The ducting should be constructed of metal.
3. Wherever the ducts pass through fire walls or floor, the opening around the ducts should be
sealed with fire resisting material of same rating as of walls/floors.

FIRE DETECTION SYSTEM

1. Different types of detectors are provided as per the risk involved in the area.
2. Zones are made as per the risk or as per the floor.
3. Two-way communication system to be provided which will help to contact from ground floor
to specific floor or vice-versa.
4. Mike on every floor has to be provided.
5. Manual call points, automatic detector & public address system shall be interlinked.
6. Detectors shall be installed as per IS 2189.

23
CASE STUDY

24
CALGRY CENRAL LIBRARY, CANADA

Fig (11)

PROJECT DETAILS

Project Name : Calgary Central Library

Location : Calgary, Alberta Canada
Architects : Snohetta, Dialog
Structural Engineer : Entuitive
Project Type : Cultural, Education
Client : Calgary Municipal Land Corporation
Year : 2018
Floor Area : 24000 [Link]

ABOUT THE PROJECT

The building is sited within a complex urban condition, where a fully operational
Light Rail Transit Line crosses the site from above to below ground on a curved half- moon path,
dividing Downtown and East Village. In response, the design lifts the main entry over the
encapsulated train line. Gently terraced slopes rise up to the heart of the building, allowing for
people arriving from every direction to interact with the library. Outdoor amphitheatres nestled
into the terraces provide places for people to sit and for library programs to spill outside.

25
 Plantings that reference the native landscape draw Calgary’s mountains and prairies into the
cityscape, and line the plaza’s surrounding streets with elms and aspen trees. Doubling as a portal
and a bridge, the entry plaza heals the previously-split seam between the two neighbourhoods and
re-establishes visual and pedestrian connections across the site.
The dynamic, triple-glazed facade is composed of a modular, hexagonal pattern that
expresses the library’s aims to provide a space that invites in all visitors. Aggregated variations on
the hexagon form scatter across the building’s curved surface in alternating panels of fritted glass
and occasional iridescent aluminium. From these shapes emerge familiar forms: Parts of the pattern
might resemble an open book, snowflake-like line work, or interlocking houses, anchoring the ideas
of the collective and community. Most importantly, the entire building volume is enclosed in the
same pattern, allowing all sides to function as the “front” of the building. This visual vocabulary
continues inside, expressed in the design of CPL’s new visual identity and wayfinding signage in
the building, unifying the library’s goals of inclusivity. The crystalline geometry of the facade is
carved away to reveal an expansive wood archway that embraces visitors as they approach. Framing
the entrance of the building, the form references the Chinook cloud arches common to the region.
Created entirely of planks of western red cedar from nearby British Columbia, the double- curved
shell is among one of the largest freeform timber shell in the world. Its organic form and texture
bring the large building down to a tactile, intimate scale. Visible from the outside of the building is
the main atrium, inviting people in.
As the archway continues into the lobby and atrium, the wood spirals upwards
over 85 feet to a view of the sky through the oculus. Wood slats line the perimeter of the open
atrium, shaped in plan like a pointed ellipse, serving as an orientation device for people to quickly
grasp the circulation and organizational logic of the library. Inside, the concrete structure is left
exposed and unfinished, hinting at the open-ended possibilities within. The rhythm of beams and
columns are reminiscent of a stoat, the public, open-air colonnades of ancient Greek architecture
that doubled as spaces of gathering and intellectual exchange. The rawness of the material palette is
intended to give people the sense that the library is a place of engagement, rather than a sacrosanct
repository for books. Organized on a spectrum of ‘Fun’ to ‘Serious,’ the library program locates the
livelier public activities on the lower floors, gradually transitioning to quieter study areas on the
upper levels as one spirals upwards. At the street level, a series of multi-purpose rooms line the
perimeter of the building, enhancing the connectivity between inside and outside.
On the ground floor, a Children’s Library offers playhouses that provide space
for crafts and drawing-based activities, early literacy programs, and a full-body indoor play
experience. Throughout the six floors, a variety of spaces. Within, vertical wood slats line the space
to provide both privacy and visibility, defining an interior space without using solid walls. Natural
light illuminates the space through the wood slats creating glancing sightlines between the atrium
and western façade. Arriving at the northernmost point of the library, one finds oneself at the Living
Room, overlooking the train line and the meeting point of the two neighbourhoods. provide for
digital, analog, group, and individual interactions.

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Aerial View

Fig (12)

PLANS

Fig (13) Level 0 Fig (14) Level 1

Fig (15) Level 1 mezzanine Fig (16) Level 2

Fig (17) Level 3 Fig (18) Level 4

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ELEVATIONS

Fig (19)

SECTION

Fig (20) Fig (21)

28
CONCLUSION
Strength
1. Readers enter through a transitional space with softened light and acoustics.
2. Bicycle storage is provided.
3. Books are placed without effecting the sunlight.
4. Maximum utilization of sunlight
Weakness
1. There are less number of sanitary requirements.
2. Sanitary requirements is not near to children’s area in mezzanine floor.
3. Service for the new comers is provided at the third level.
Lessons learned
1. How maximum use of natural light incorporated in the design.
2. The service for new comes should provide near the main entrances.

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BILLIE JEAN KING MAIN LIBRARY, UNITED STATES

Fig (22)

PROJECT DETAILS

Project Name : Billie Jean King Main Library

Location : Long Beach California United States
Architects : Skidmore, Owings & Merrill
Landscape : Gustafson Guthrie Nicol
Client ; City of Long Beach
Year ; 2019
Capacity : More than 1000 per day
Area : 93500 ft sq

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ABOUT THE PROJECT

The new Billie Jean King Main Library is more than a traditional library of
decades past. Positioned at the heart of Downtown Long Beach, it is designed to provide a
welcoming and flexible environment that now serves more than 1,000 daily visitors. The state-of-
the-art, structural timber building features distinct and identifiable interior spaces that maximize
square footage and enhance user accessibility and staff efficiency. It also offers a rich program of
activities in which reading and browsing through book stacks are only a small part of the
experience. To lure the community inside, the library features a variety of amenity spaces, such as a
family learning center, children’s reading room, veterans’ resource center, and multipurpose rooms
with their own separate entrances; the building also houses makerspaces with capabilities for film
editing, 3-D printing, and robotics.
After passing through a dramatic two-story light well that opens to the sky,
visitors are welcomed into a large central atrium—topped with a generous clerestory—that provides
the interiors with an enhanced sense of porosity and abundant natural light. The space feels like an
expansive pavilion, with extensive sightlines throughout and soft illumination permeating the
adjacent reading rooms, studios, and book stacks. It also transforms over the course of a day,
accommodating workshops, social gatherings, exhibits, and public events. Just off the atrium’s main
level are the children’s literature area and an enclosed, temperature-controlled room that houses the
library’s special collections, which consists of rare texts dating back to the 15 th century, a rich
selection of fine arts volumes, and more. Computers, quiet reading areas, a dedicated teen zone, and
makerspaces are available for use on the second floor, as well as lounge seating along the
perimeter’s full height glazing that offers occupants unobstructed views of the adjoining Lincoln
Park and surrounding neighbourhood.
With an expansive wood-framed “porch” that greets the community, a diverse set
of interior spaces and activities, and a name that pays homage to the local native and famed athlete
known for the power of her serves and volleys, the Billie Jean King Main Library is an inviting
beacon for the City of Long Beach.

31
PLANS

Fig (23)

ELEVATIONS

Fig (24)

32
SECTIONS

Fig (25)

Fig (26)

33
CONCLUSION
Strength
1. Natural ventilation is provided.
2. Maximum utilization of daylight.
3. Information centre provided for differently abled.
4. Separate entrance provided for children’s and meeting room.
Weakness
1. Fire provision is not provided.
2. Insufficient sanitary requirement.
3. Not separate sanitary requirements provided foe children’s.
4. Every room is not provided with ventilation.
5. Ramps are not provided.
Lessons Learned
1. Ramps should be provided for the differently abled, and older peoples.
2. Fire escaping stair case should be provided because books can easily get fire.
3. Use natural way of light and ventilation maximum.
4. Sanitarily requirements for children’s and differently abled peoples should be provided.

34
THE SITE

35
 SITE SELECTION

The site selected for this library is in Marampally Perumbavoor. The bus stop
is approximately at a 2-minute walking distances. The site is in equal distance from Aluva and
Perumbavoor. The site has easy accessibility by any means of ways. The total area of the site
is 4.65 acres.
The land is been flourished with its serenity of surroundings and natural beauty.
The site is enriched with greenery. It is a perfect region where such a centre should be developed.
Here the readers can experience a calm, quiet and peaceful atmosphere it can help
them to focus on reading.

36
 SITE ANALYSIS

Site : Marampally
Location : Perumbavoor
Area of Site : 4.65 Acre
Nearest railway station : Aluva
Nearest Airport : Nedumbassery
Nearest Hospital : Rajagiri Hospital
Nearest Educational Institution : MES College of Arts and Science
Accessibility : NH 47
Nearest Town : Perumbavoor
Soil Condition : Laterite
Orientation : South West
Electricity :KSEB
Panchayat : Vazhakulam
Taluk : Kunnathunad
Village : Marampally

37
LOCATION
Munnar – Aluva Road lies in front of the plot. The given site is situated near
MES College of Arts and Science at Marampally. The site is 7km apart from Aluva town and 7km
from Perumbavoor. The transportation to and from the site is very easy.

CLIMATE
This region experiences a moderate climate throughout the year. The temperature,
humidity and rainfall are all suited for pleasant living conditions. Presence of river close to the site
increased cooling effect. Rainfall is fairly well distributed over the year.

SOIL CONDITION
The soil is laterite. So, normal foundation is required.
ZONING
Building zoning is done on the basis of incident sunlight intensity, the presence of
winds and quantity of rainfall.

WIND DIRECTION
The area has usual winds from west. The sites have a micro wind from northern
side and it moves to south side. The micro wind is due to the presence of nearby river.

HYDROLOGY
The underground water in the site moves to southern side.

PLANTATION
Site is very rich with plantations. there is pineapple cultivation in a part of land. And
some portion is filled with tall grass. Site contains mango tree, teak, areca nut, small grass etc.

SERVICE
The site abuts two roads. One is the Aluva – Munnar road. And other is panchayat
road. All service are easily accessible.

TOPOGRAPHY
Some portion is low leveled and there is a rise in the site level toward western side.
38
DRAWINGS

39
SITE PLAN

40
THE GROUND FLOOR PLAN

41
42
THE FIRST FLOOR PLAN

43
44
ELEVATION

45
SECTION

46
WATCH MEN’S CABIN

PLAN

47
ELEVATION

SECTION

48
 CONCLUSION

In this century there is an important space for library because of the invention of
internet the number of people using library decreasing day by day. A library can considered has a
store house of knowledge. It gives a great service to society. They help people to get their hands on
great educational material which they might not find otherwise in market. When we read more, our
social skills and academic performance improves. Libraries are a forgotten source of knowledge
today due to internet but they still are equally important.

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 BIBILOGRAPHY

▪ Time Saver Standard

▪ The National Building Code (NBC)
▪ Kerala Municipality Building Rules (KMBR)
▪ [Link]

50