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Unit 2 pp1

The document covers fundamental concepts of ecology and ecosystems, including energy flow, food chains, and ecological succession. It highlights the importance of understanding ecological relationships due to humanity's impact on the environment and includes various ecosystem types such as forests, grasslands, deserts, and aquatic systems. Additionally, it discusses the classification of ecology based on study area, environment, and advancements in the field.

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7 views35 pages

Unit 2 pp1

The document covers fundamental concepts of ecology and ecosystems, including energy flow, food chains, and ecological succession. It highlights the importance of understanding ecological relationships due to humanity's impact on the environment and includes various ecosystem types such as forests, grasslands, deserts, and aquatic systems. Additionally, it discusses the classification of ecology based on study area, environment, and advancements in the field.

Uploaded by

rootben40
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

CVAC, UG Semester I

Unit 2
Ecology and Ecosystem
• Concept of ecology and ecosystem, Structure and function of
ecosystem; Energy flow in an ecosystem;
food chains, food webs; Basic concept of population and community
ecology; ecological succession.
• Characteristic features of the following:
a) Forest ecosystem
b) Grassland ecosystem
c) Desert ecosystem
d) Aquatic ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, wetlands, rivers,
oceans, estuaries)
Introduction to Ecology

 The meaning of the word ecology was given


by German Biologist Haeckel in 1869.

 The word ecology is derived from Greek


words Oikos meaning house, habitat or
place of living and Logos meaning to
study.

 Ecology is defined as the study


of interrelationship of different organisms
with each other and with their
environment. It is concerned with the
SG Notes
general principles that apply to both
animals and plants.
Objectives of Ecological Studies

 It is important for humanity to understand its environment because we have the


ability to modify the environment through the use of technology, and through
overexploitation of natural resources as a result of greed or sheer pressure of
numbers. Therefore, ecology is more than just the understanding of the
interrelationships between organisms and their environment; it also has social,
political, economic and technological dimensions.

 It also is a study of evolutionary development of organisms, the biological


productivity and energy flow in the natural system.

 To develop mathematical models to relate interaction of parameters and to


predict the effects.
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Classification of Ecology
 Based on study area:
Classification of Ecology
 Based on Environment or Habitat:
Classification of Ecology
 Based on advancement in the field of ecology:

s
Ecosystem
Types of Ecosystem

Lotic
Types of Ecosystem

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Components of Ecosystem
Components of Ecosystem
Components of Ecosystem
Components of Ecosystem
Components of Ecosystem
Hydrological Cycle

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Definition and Description

S
Carbon Cycle

SG Notes

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