Assequence is a function whose domain is the
cet, Thus a Sequence is an ordered set of numbers
where a, denotes the nth term of the sequ
sequence
-
A sequence containing finite number of terms is called a finite sequence.
A sequence is called infinite, if t is not a finite sequence.
Generally, it is possible to express the rule which gives the various terms of a sequence in
terms of an algebraic formula. For instance, consider the sequence of odd numbers 1, 3, 5, 7, ...
Here @,=1=2x1-1; =2x2-1
=5=2x3-1; Sei
set of natural numbers and range can be any
yy, 5, sory Qyy nn aNd is denoted by ,
ence and is called general term of the
7882 x07; ay, = 35 = 2 x 18-1 and soon,
Now, it can be observed that the nth term of the above sequence can be written as
4, = 2n~ 1, where n is a natural number.
Note: Sequence is also denoted by the functional notation a(n) instead of a,
52 » EXPLICIT FORMULA FOR A SEQUENCE
Ifa sequence < a, > can be defined only with the help of positive integer n, then the
formula for a, is called explicit formula for the sequence. For example, a,, = n’ is an explicit
‘ormula for the sequence 0, 1, 8, 27,
Example 1. Find the explicit formula for the sequence 67, 65, 63, 61, 59, .....
Solution. Here the given sequence can be written as
67 = 69-2,
65 = 69-4,
63 = 69-6,
61= 69 - 8, geztects = %+"va"y
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“5. Solve the following recurrence relations subject to the given initial conditions =
91+ 2b,» for nz 2with by = 1,b,=8
@) a,=2a, 1-4, » forn>3, a,=15,a,=3
Gil) b,—4b,_1 + 4b, 9 =
iii) 90,-6a,_, + a,_2=0, forr> 2witha,=0, a =2
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t
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(ii) a, = A(2)" + Bi3y" + C14" nz
iti) a, =(A+nB + n°) (29° n 21
(iv) a, =(A+nB)(-1)",n20
4.) a, =502)'+2137,n20
(i) b,
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5. a,=1:
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