Python Core Modules – Detailed Notes with
Outputs
This document explains the following Python modules in a very clear,
beginner-friendly, and detailed way:
1. Calendar Module
2. QR Code Module
3. Sys Module
4. Python Modules (Complete Overview)
Each topic includes: ✔ Definition ✔ Why it is used ✔ Important functions ✔
Syntax ✔ Examples ✔ Output of each example
1. Calendar Module
What is the Calendar Module?
The calendar module is a built-in Python module that allows you to work with
dates, months, and years. You can display calendars, check leap years, and
find which day a specific date falls on.
Why use the Calendar Module?
To display month or year calendars
To check leap years
To find the day of the week
To handle date-related operations
Importing the Calendar Module
Syntax:
import calendar
Example 1: Display a Month Calendar
import calendar
print([Link](2026, 1))
Output:
January 2026
Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28 29 30 31
Example 2: Check Leap Year
import calendar
print([Link](2024))
print([Link](2025))
Output:
True
False
Example 3: Find the Day of the Week
import calendar
# 0 = Monday, 6 = Sunday
print([Link](2026, 1, 8))
Output:
3
👉 This means Thursday
2. QR Code Module
What is the QR Code Module?
The qrcode module is used to generate QR codes that store text, links, or
data which can be scanned using a mobile camera.
Installation
This is not a built-in module. Install it using:
pip install qrcode[pil]
Importing QR Code Module
import qrcode
Example 1: Create a Simple QR Code
import qrcode
img = [Link]("Hello Python")
[Link]("hello_qr.png")
Output:
A file named hello_qr.png will be created in your folder.
Example 2: QR Code for a Website
import qrcode
img = [Link]("[Link]
[Link]("google_qr.png")
Output:
A QR code image named google_qr.png is created.
3. Sys Module
What is the Sys Module?
The sys module provides access to system-specific parameters and functions
related to the Python interpreter.
Why use Sys Module?
Read command-line arguments
Exit a program
Check Python version
Access system paths
Importing Sys Module
import sys
Example 1: [Link] (Command-line Arguments)
import sys
print([Link])
Run from terminal:
python [Link] hello 10
Output:
['[Link]', 'hello', '10']
Example 2: Exit a Program
import sys
[Link]("Program stopped")
Output:
Program stopped
Example 3: Python Version
import sys
print([Link])
Output:
3.x.x (example)
4. Python Modules (Complete Overview)
What is a Python Module?
A Python module is a file containing Python code (functions, variables,
classes) that can be reused in other programs.
Types of Modules
1. Built-in Modules → math, sys, calendar
2. User-defined Modules → your own .py files
3. Third-party Modules → numpy, pandas, qrcode
Importing a Module
import module_name
from module_name import function_name
import module_name as alias
Example 1: Built-in Module (math)
import math
print([Link](25))
Output:
5.0
Example 2: User-Defined Module
[Link]
def add(a, b):
return a + b
[Link]
import mymath
print([Link](10, 20))
Output:
30
Example 3: Third-Party Module (numpy)
import numpy as np
arr = [Link]([1, 2, 3])
print(arr)
Output:
[1 2 3]
Final Summary
Module Purpose
calendar Work with dates & months
qrcode Generate QR codes
sys System interaction
modules Code reusability
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