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Paper 1 Language Structure Notes

The document outlines the functions of various punctuation marks including full stops, commas, colons, semi-colons, ellipses, apostrophes, hyphens, brackets, prefixes, and suffixes. It emphasizes the importance of understanding these functions, identifying and correcting concord errors, and avoiding redundancy in writing. Additionally, it suggests practicing with past papers and reviewing mistakes for improvement.

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3 views3 pages

Paper 1 Language Structure Notes

The document outlines the functions of various punctuation marks including full stops, commas, colons, semi-colons, ellipses, apostrophes, hyphens, brackets, prefixes, and suffixes. It emphasizes the importance of understanding these functions, identifying and correcting concord errors, and avoiding redundancy in writing. Additionally, it suggests practicing with past papers and reviewing mistakes for improvement.

Uploaded by

hopethandazo263
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Grade 12: Language structure

(Question 5)
Full stop (.)
Functions: indicates

mark the end of the sentence


After abbreviations

Comma (,)
Functions: indicates

separate items in a series of more than two words


Use commas to separate non essential clauses from the rest of the sentence.
Example The pastor, her father, came to the party

Colon (:)
Functions: indicates

A list
proceeding Quotes- Example Franklin said it better when he said: “Time is
money”
Emphasizing information- Example: there is only one thing I enjoy most:
reading. ( the information after semi colons clarifies)

Semi-colon (;)
Functions: It indicates

Connection two sentences that are related without a fullstop


Separating complex lists ( this sentences already contain commas)

Ellipses(...)
Functions :It indicates

incomplete thought
Interruption
Hesitation

Apostrophe (‘)
Functions: It indicates

Possesion Examples: Learner’s pen


Omitted letters Eample: I cannot- I can’t

The Hyphen (-)


Functions: it indicates

Connect Prefixes to nouns. Examples: Mother-in-law,


seperate two identical vowels to avoid awkward combination. Example: co-
operate
Form compond words from single words. Example part-time
shows range of numbers. example 1994-2000

Brackets/ Parentheses
Encloses of what a word means
Separates some information from the sentence
Clarifies the information. example: She went to the shop (checkers)

Prefixes
Are words we add at the beggining of a word to alter its meaning. Examples:
Unhappy, Rewrite,disagree
They can create opposite word Example: They create opposite of Happy-
Unhappy.
They can create a negative word

Suffix
Are words we add the end of a word to alter its meaning.
Change nouns into adjectives. Example: Health- Healthy, self-selfish

Redundancy
Duplicate or useless words which are repeated with different words
Example: true facts- obviously facts are true

: Reverse back- to reverse is to go back

Concord
Agreement between subject and verb of the sentence
singular subject= singular verb
plural subject= plural verb
Example: The girl (singular subject) is (singular verb) playing. / The girls
(plural subject) are (plural verb) playing.

Important:
- Know the function of each punctuation mark.

- Understand how to identify and fix concord errors.

- Be able to spot and remove redundant words.

- Practice using prefixes and suffixes correctly.

- Complete at least two past papers.

- Review your mistakes and understand why they were wrong

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