Entropy
The target result is to obtain to weight. As the following steps
Start from decision making matrix below
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5
A1 120 40 82.5 182 25
A2 130 30 85.6 239 25
A3 95 35 80.9 147 21
A4 110 35 81.7 153 22
A5 120 45 82.3 177 28
A6 100 25 80.4 193 23
A7 98 30 81.2 162 20
Step One:
Calculate the Normalization matrix (P) according the Eq. below
Pij=Xij/∑(Xij)
In order that find summation of each column (c1, c2, c3, c4 and c5) for the matrix above
sum 773 240 574.6 1253 164
For example to summation:
c1
A1 120
A2 130
A3 95
A4 110
A5 120
A6 100
A7 98
sum 773
Now, calculate the normalization of the first value in first criteria c1 and in first
alternative A1=120 as the following:
P11=120/773=0.155239
C1 and A2 =130
P12=130/773=0.168176 and so on
Normalization
0.15523 0.16666 0.14357 0.14525 0.15243
9 7 8 1 9
0.16817 0.14897 0.19074 0.15243
6 0.125 3 2 9
0.12289 0.14583 0.14079 0.11731 0.12804
8 3 4 8 9
0.14230 0.14583 0.14218 0.12210 0.13414
3 3 6 7 6
0.15523 0.14126 0.17073
9 0.1875 0.14323 1 2
0.12936 0.10416 0.13992 0.14024
6 7 3 0.15403 4
0.12677 0.14131 0.12195
9 0.125 6 0.12929 1
Step 2:
Calculate the Entropy value ( ej ) by the Eq. blow, in the following steps:
First find
Pij * ln(Pij)
= 0.155239* ln(0.155239)= -0.28918
-0.28918 -0.29863 -0.27867 -0.28023 -0.28674
-0.29981 -0.25993 -0.28364 -0.31603 -0.28674
-0.25764 -0.28077 -0.27602 -0.2514 -0.26318
-0.27746 -0.28077 -0.27735 -0.25677 -0.26948
-0.28918 -0.31387 -0.27834 -0.27647 -0.3018
-0.26457 -0.2356 -0.27518 -0.28813 -0.27549
-0.26184 -0.25993 -0.27652 -0.26449 -0.2566
Then the summation of each column in the matrix above
sum -1.93968 -1.9295 -1.94572 -1.93352 -1.94002
Then calculate –ln(m) m is the number of the alternative (A1-A7) so there are 7
alternatives.
-ln(7)= -1.94591 1/-1.94591= -0.5139
each value of the vector of summation above multiplied by -0.5139
0.99679 0.99156 0.99990 0.99363 0.99697
9 7 4 1 4
Step 3:
Find the degree of diversity (dj) by subtraction the entropy value of the vector above from
1.
dj=1-ej
0.00843 0.00636
0.003201 3 9.59E-05 9 0.003026
Step 4:
The final step is find first the summation of the dj vector above as the following:
sum dj 0.021124315
Then finally division the dj by the summation value as the following , in order to find the
weights as below:
The weights (w1, w2, w3, w4 and w5):
wj=dj/ sum(dj)
0.15154 0.3991 0.0045 0.3014 0.14323
4 9 4 9 5
For prove the results are correct, the condition is the summation weights should be equal
one.
sum(wj)=1
0.151544+0.39919+0.00454+0.30149+0.143235=1 PROVE IT