1|Page

Python Simple Programs List

🔹 1. Add Two Numbers

a = int(input("Enter first number: "))
b = int(input("Enter second number: "))
print("Sum =", a + b)

🔹 2. Maximum of Two Numbers

a = int(input("Enter first number: "))
b = int(input("Enter second number: "))

if a > b:
print("Max =", a)
else:
print("Max =", b)

🔹 3. Factorial of a Number
n = int(input("Enter number: "))
fact = 1

for i in range(1, n+1):

fact *= i

print("Factorial =", fact)

🔹 4. Simple Interest
p = float(input("Principal: "))
r = float(input("Rate: "))
t = float(input("Time: "))

si = (p * r * t) / 100
print("Simple Interest =", si)

🔹 5. Compound Interest
p = float(input("Principal: "))
r = float(input("Rate: "))
t = float(input("Time: "))

ci = p * (1 + r/100) ** t
print("Compound Interest =", ci)
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🔹 6. Armstrong Number Check

num = int(input("Enter number: "))
temp = num
sum = 0

while temp > 0:

digit = temp % 10
sum += digit ** 3
temp //= 10

if num == sum:
print("Armstrong Number")
else:
print("Not Armstrong")

🔹 7. Area of a Circle
r = float(input("Enter radius: "))
area = 3.14 * r * r
print("Area =", area)

🔹 8. Prime Numbers in an Interval

start = int(input("Start: "))
end = int(input("End: "))

for num in range(start, end+1):

if num > 1:
for i in range(2, num):
if num % i == 0:
break
else:
print(num)

🔹 9. Check Prime Number

num = int(input("Enter number: "))

if num > 1:
for i in range(2, num):
if num % i == 0:
print("Not Prime")
break
else:
print("Prime Number")
else:
print("Not Prime")
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🔹 10. N-th Fibonacci Number

n = int(input("Enter n: "))

a, b = 0, 1
for i in range(n):
a, b = b, a + b

print("Result =", a)

🔹 11. Check Fibonacci Number

num = int(input("Enter number: "))

a, b = 0, 1
found = False

while a <= num:

if a == num:
found = True
break
a, b = b, a + b

if found:
print("Fibonacci Number")
else:
print("Not Fibonacci")

🔹 12. Nth Multiple in Fibonacci Series

n = int(input("Enter n: "))
m = int(input("Enter multiple: "))

a, b = 0, 1
count = 0

while True:
if a % m == 0:
count += 1
if count == n:
print(a)
break
a, b = b, a + b

🔹 13. ASCII Value of Character

ch = input("Enter character: ")
print("ASCII Value =", ord(ch))
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🔹 14. Sum of Squares (1 to n)

n = int(input("Enter n: "))
sum = 0

for i in range(1, n+1):

sum += i*i

print("Sum =", sum)

🔹 15. Cube Sum (1 to n)

n = int(input("Enter n: "))
sum = 0

for i in range(1, n+1):

sum += i**3

print("Sum =", sum)

Python List / Array Programs

🔹 1. Sum of Array
arr = [1, 2, 3, 4]
print("Sum =", sum(arr))

🔹 2. Largest Element
arr = [10, 20, 5, 40]
print("Largest =", max(arr))

🔹 3. Array Rotation
arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
d = 2
print(arr[d:] + arr[:d])
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🔹 4. Reversal Algorithm Rotation

arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
[Link]()
print(arr)

🔹 5. Split and Add First Part to End

arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
k = 2
print(arr[k:] + arr[:k])

🔹 6. Remainder of Array Multiplication

arr = [1, 2, 3]
n = 5

mul = 1
for i in arr:
mul *= i

print("Remainder =", mul % n)

🔹 7. Check Monotonic Array

arr = [1, 2, 3, 4]
print(arr == sorted(arr) or arr == sorted(arr, reverse=True))

🔹 8. Interchange First & Last

arr = [1, 2, 3, 4]
arr[0], arr[-1] = arr[-1], arr[0]
print(arr)

🔹 9. Swap Two Elements

arr = [1, 2, 3]
arr[0], arr[1] = arr[1], arr[0]
print(arr)

🔹 10. Length of List

arr = [1, 2, 3]
print(len(arr))
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🔹 11. Check Element Exists

arr = [1, 2, 3]
print(2 in arr)

🔹 12. Clear List

arr = [1, 2, 3]
[Link]()
print(arr)

🔹 13. Reverse List

arr = [1, 2, 3]
print(arr[::-1])

🔹 14. Sum of List

arr = [1, 2, 3]
print(sum(arr))

🔹 15. Multiply List Elements

arr = [1, 2, 3]
mul = 1
for i in arr:
mul *= i
print(mul)

🔹 16. Smallest Number

arr = [10, 5, 20]
print(min(arr))

🔹 17. Largest Number

arr = [10, 5, 20]
print(max(arr))
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🔹 18. Second Largest

arr = [10, 20, 5, 30]
[Link]()
print(arr[-2])

🔹 19. N Largest Elements

arr = [10, 20, 5, 30]
n = 2
[Link](reverse=True)
print(arr[:n])

🔹 20. Even Numbers in List

arr = [1, 2, 3, 4]
print([i for i in arr if i % 2 == 0])

🔹 21. Odd Numbers in List

arr = [1, 2, 3, 4]
print([i for i in arr if i % 2 != 0])

🔹 22. Even Numbers in Range

for i in range(1, 21):
if i % 2 == 0:
print(i)

🔹 23. Odd Numbers in Range

for i in range(1, 21):
if i % 2 != 0:
print(i)

🔹 24. Positive Numbers in List

8|Page

arr = [-1, 2, -3, 4]

print([i for i in arr if i > 0])

🔹 25. Negative Numbers in List

arr = [-1, 2, -3, 4]
print([i for i in arr if i < 0])

🔹 26. Positive in Range

for i in range(-5, 6):
if i > 0:
print(i)

🔹 27. Negative in Range

for i in range(-5, 6):
if i < 0:
print(i)

🔹 28. Remove Multiple Elements

arr = [1, 2, 3, 4]
remove = [2, 3]
arr = [i for i in arr if i not in remove]
print(arr)

🔹 29. Remove Empty Lists

arr = [[], [1,2], [], [3]]
arr = [i for i in arr if i]
print(arr)

🔹 30. Copy List

arr = [1, 2, 3]
new = [Link]()
print(new)

🔹 31. Count Occurrences

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arr = [1, 2, 2, 3]
print([Link](2))

🔹 32. Remove Empty Tuples

arr = [(), (1,2), ()]
arr = [i for i in arr if i]
print(arr)

🔹 33. Print Duplicates

arr = [1,2,2,3,3,4]
dup = []
for i in arr:
if [Link](i) > 1 and i not in dup:
[Link](i)
print(dup)

🔹 34. Cumulative Sum

arr = [1,2,3]
sum = 0
res = []

for i in arr:
sum += i
[Link](sum)

print(res)

🔹 35. Sum of Digits in List

arr = [12, 34]
total = 0

for i in arr:
for d in str(i):
total += int(d)

print(total)

🔹 36. Break List into Chunks

arr = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
n = 2
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for i in range(0, len(arr), n):

print(arr[i:i+n])

🔹 37. Sort First List using Second

a = ['a','b','c']
b = [2,1,3]

res = [x for _,x in sorted(zip(b,a))]

print(res)

Python Matrix Programs

🔹 1. Add Two Matrices

A = [[1, 2],
[3, 4]]

B = [[5, 6],
[7, 8]]

result = [[0, 0], [0, 0]]

for i in range(2):
for j in range(2):
result[i][j] = A[i][j] + B[i][j]

print(result)

🔹 2. Multiply Two Matrices

A = [[1, 2],
[3, 4]]

B = [[5, 6],
[7, 8]]

result = [[0, 0], [0, 0]]

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for i in range(2):
for j in range(2):
for k in range(2):
result[i][j] += A[i][k] * B[k][j]

print(result)

🔹 3. Matrix Product (Same as Multiply)

# Same logic as above
print("Use multiplication code")

🔹 4. Adding and Subtracting Matrices

A = [[1, 2],
[3, 4]]

B = [[5, 6],
[7, 8]]

add = [[A[i][j] + B[i][j] for j in range(2)] for i in range(2)]

sub = [[A[i][j] - B[i][j] for j in range(2)] for i in range(2)]

print("Add:", add)
print("Subtract:", sub)

🔹 5. Transpose (Single Line)

A = [[1, 2],
[3, 4]]

transpose = list(zip(*A))
print(transpose)

🔹 6. Create n × n Matrix
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n = 3

matrix = []

for i in range(n):
row = []
for j in range(n):
[Link](0)
[Link](row)

print(matrix)

🔹 7. Get K-th Column

A = [[1, 2, 3],
[4, 5, 6],
[7, 8, 9]]

k = 1 # 0-based index

col = [row[k] for row in A]

print(col)

🔹 8. Vertical Concatenation
A = [[1, 2],
[3, 4]]

B = [[5, 6],
[7, 8]]

result = A + B
print(result)

🔵 Python String Programs

🔹 1. Palindrome Check
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s = input("Enter string: ")

if s == s[::-1]:
print("Palindrome")
else:
print("Not Palindrome")

🔹 2. Symmetrical or Palindrome
s = input("Enter string: ")

mid = len(s)//2
if s[:mid] == s[mid:]:
print("Symmetrical")

if s == s[::-1]:
print("Palindrome")

🔹 3. Reverse Words
s = input("Enter string: ")
print(" ".join([Link]()[::-1]))

🔹 4. Remove i-th Character

s = "hello"
i = 2
print(s[:i] + s[i+1:])

🔹 5. Substring Check
s = "hello world"
sub = "world"

print(sub in s)

🔹 6. Word Frequency
s = "this is is test"
words = [Link]()

freq = {}
for w in words:
freq[w] = [Link](w, 0) + 1

print(freq)
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🔹 7. Snake to Pascal Case

s = "hello_world"
print("".join([Link]() for word in [Link]("_")))

🔹 8. Length of String (4 ways)

s = "hello"
print(len(s))
print(sum(1 for _ in s))
count = 0
for i in s:
count += 1
print(count)

🔹 9. Even Length Words

s = "this is test code"
for w in [Link]():
if len(w) % 2 == 0:
print(w)

🔹 10. String with All Vowels

s = input("Enter string: ")
v = set("aeiou")

if [Link](set(s)):
print("Contains all vowels")

🔹 11. Matching Characters

s1 = "abc"
s2 = "bcd"

count = 0
for i in s1:
if i in s2:
count += 1

print(count)

🔹 12. Remove Duplicates

s = "hello"
res = ""
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for i in s:
if i not in res:
res += i

print(res)

🔹 13. Least Frequent Character

from collections import Counter

s = "hello"
freq = Counter(s)
print(min(freq, key=[Link]))

🔹 14. Max Frequency Character

from collections import Counter

s = "hello"
freq = Counter(s)
print(max(freq, key=[Link]))

🔹 15. Special Character Check

s = "hello@123"

for i in s:
if not [Link]():
print("Contains special character")
break

🔹 16. Random String Until Match

import random
import string

target = "hi"

while True:
s = "".join([Link](string.ascii_lowercase) for _ in
range(len(target)))
print(s)
if s == target:
break

🔹 17. Words Greater than k

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s = "this is python code"

k = 4

for w in [Link]():
if len(w) > k:
print(w)

🔹 18. Split & Join

s = "hello world"
print("-".join([Link]()))

🔹 19. Binary String Check

s = "10101"

if set(s) <= {"0", "1"}:

print("Binary")

🔹 20. Uncommon Words

s1 = "this is test"
s2 = "this is code"

res = set([Link]()) ^ set([Link]())

print(res)

🔹 21. Replace Duplicate Occurrence

s = "hello"
seen = {}

res = ""
for i in s:
if i in seen:
res += "*"
else:
res += i
seen[i] = 1

print(res)
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🔹 22. Replace Multiple Words with K

s = "this is bad word"
words = ["bad"]

for w in words:
s = [Link](w, "K")

print(s)

🔹 23. Permutation (Inbuilt)

from itertools import permutations

s = "abc"
for p in permutations(s):
print("".join(p))

🔹 24. Check URL

s = "[Link]

if [Link]("http"):
print("URL Found")

🔹 25. Execute String Code

code = "print(5+5)"
exec(code)

🔹 26. Rotate String

s = "hello"
k = 2

print(s[k:] + s[:k])

🔹 27. Recursive Deletion Check

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s = "abcabc"

while "abc" in s:
s = [Link]("abc", "")

print("Empty" if s == "" else "Not Empty")

🔹 28. Duplicate Characters (Counter)

from collections import Counter

s = "hello"
freq = Counter(s)

for k, v in [Link]():
if v > 1:
print(k)

🔹 29. Replace Substring

s = "hello world"
print([Link]("world", "Python"))

Python Dictionary Programs

🔹 1. Extract Unique Values

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d = {'a':1, 'b':2, 'c':1}

print(set([Link]()))

🔹 2. Sum of Dictionary Values

d = {'a':10, 'b':20}
print(sum([Link]()))

🔹 3. Remove a Key
d = {'a':1, 'b':2}
[Link]('a')
print(d)

🔹 4. Sort List of Dict (itemgetter)

from operator import itemgetter

data = [{'a':2}, {'a':1}]

print(sorted(data, key=itemgetter('a')))

🔹 5. Sort List of Dict (lambda)

data = [{'a':2}, {'a':1}]
print(sorted(data, key=lambda x: x['a']))

🔹 6. Merge Two Dictionaries

d1 = {'a':1}
d2 = {'b':2}

d = {**d1, **d2}
print(d)

🔹 7. Convert List to Dictionary

keys = ['a','b']
values = [1,2]
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d = dict(zip(keys, values))
print(d)

🔹 8. Insert at Beginning (OrderedDict)

from collections import OrderedDict

d = OrderedDict({'b':2})
[Link]({'a':1})
print(d)

🔹 9. Check Order using OrderedDict

from collections import OrderedDict

s = "abc"
print(list([Link](s)))

🔹 10. Election Winner

from collections import Counter

votes = ['A','B','A','C','A']
print(Counter(votes).most_common(1))

🔹 11. Append Keys & Values

d = {'a':1}
d['b'] = 2
print(d)

🔹 12. Sort Dictionary

d = {'b':2, 'a':1}
print(dict(sorted([Link]())))

🔹 13. Sort by Values

d = {'a':3, 'b':1}
print(dict(sorted([Link](), key=lambda x: x[1])))
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🔹 14. Handle Missing Keys

d = {'a':1}
print([Link]('b', 0))

🔹 15. Multiple Inputs in Key

d = {}
d[(1,2)] = "value"
print(d)

🔹 16. Group Anagrams

from collections import defaultdict

words = ['eat','tea','tan']
d = defaultdict(list)

for w in words:
key = ''.join(sorted(w))
d[key].append(w)

print([Link]())

🔹 17. Kth Non-Repeating Character

from collections import OrderedDict

s = "aabbcd"
d = OrderedDict()

for i in s:
d[i] = [Link](i, 0) + 1

res = [k for k,v in [Link]() if v == 1]

print(res[0])

🔹 18. Binary Anagram Check

a = 5
b = 3

print(sorted(bin(a)) == sorted(bin(b)))
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🔹 19. Largest Anagram Subset

from collections import Counter

words = ['ab','ba','abc']
print(Counter([''.join(sorted(w)) for w in words]))

🔹 20. Remove Duplicate Words

s = "this is is test"
print(" ".join(set([Link]())))

🔹 21. Mirror Characters

import string

s = "abc"
res = ""

for i in s:
res += chr(219 - ord(i))

print(res)

🔹 22. Frequency in List

arr = [1,2,2,3]

freq = {}
for i in arr:
freq[i] = [Link](i, 0) + 1

print(freq)

🔹 23. List of Tuples → Dictionary

t = [('a',1), ('b',2)]
print(dict(t))

🔹 24. Counter Intersection Example

from collections import Counter
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s1 = "aabb"
s2 = "ab"

print(Counter(s1) & Counter(s2))

🔹 25. Equal Frequency Check

from collections import Counter

s = "aabbcc"
freq = list(Counter(s).values())

print(len(set(freq)) == 1)

🔹 26. Ordered Words

d = {'apple':1, 'bat':2}
print(sorted([Link]()))

🔹 27. Possible Words

from itertools import permutations

chars = "ab"
print(["".join(p) for p in permutations(chars)])

🔹 28. Keys for Value

d = {'a':1, 'b':2}
print([k for k,v in [Link]() if v == 2])

Python Tuple Programs (Advanced)

🔹 1. Find Size of Tuple

t = (1, 2, 3, 4)
print("Size =", len(t))

🔹 2. Max & Min K Elements

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t = (5, 1, 8, 3, 9)
k = 2

print("Max K:", sorted(t)[-k:])

print("Min K:", sorted(t)[:k])

🔹 3. List of Tuples (Number & Cube)

lst = [1, 2, 3]

res = [(x, x**3) for x in lst]

print(res)

🔹 4. Adding Tuple to List & Vice Versa

lst = [1, 2]
t = (3, 4)

[Link](t)
print(lst)

t = t + tuple(lst)
print(t)

🔹 5. Closest Pair to K-th Index Element

t = (1, 5, 9, 12)
k = 2

target = t[k]
res = min([(x, target) for x in t if x != target],
key=lambda x: abs(x[0] - target))

print(res)

🔹 6. Join Tuples (Same First Element)

t1 = [(1, 2), (2, 3)]
t2 = [(1, 4), (2, 5)]

res = []

for a in t1:
for b in t2:
if a[0] == b[0]:
[Link]((a[0], a[1], b[1]))

print(res)
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🔹 7. Extract Digits from Tuple List

t = [('a', 1), ('b', 2)]

digits = [x[1] for x in t]

print(digits)

🔹 8. All Pair Combinations

t1 = (1, 2)
t2 = (3, 4)

res = [(a, b) for a in t1 for b in t2]

print(res)

🔹 9. Remove Tuples of Length K

lst = [(1,2), (3,), (4,5,6)]
k = 2

res = [i for i in lst if len(i) != k]

print(res)

🔹 10. Sort by Second Item

lst = [(1,3), (2,1), (4,2)]

print(sorted(lst, key=lambda x: x[1]))

🔹 11. Order Tuples using External List

lst = [(1,'a'), (2,'b'), (3,'c')]
order = [3,1,2]

res = sorted(lst, key=lambda x: [Link](x[0]))

print(res)

🔹 12. Flatten Tuple of List → Tuple

t = ([1,2], [3,4])

res = tuple(i for sub in t for i in sub)

print(res)
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🔹 13. Nested Tuple → Dictionary

t = (("a",1), ("b",2))

d = {k:v for k,v in t}

print(d)

🔵 Searching Algorithms

🔹 1. Linear Search
arr = [10, 20, 30, 40]
x = 30

for i in range(len(arr)):
if arr[i] == x:
print("Found at index", i)

🔹 2. Binary Search (Iterative)

arr = [10, 20, 30, 40]
x = 30

l, r = 0, len(arr)-1

while l <= r:
mid = (l+r)//2
if arr[mid] == x:
print("Found")
break
elif arr[mid] < x:
l = mid+1
else:
r = mid-1

🔹 3. Binary Search (Recursive)

def binary(arr, l, r, x):
if l <= r:
mid = (l+r)//2
if arr[mid] == x:
return mid
elif arr[mid] < x:
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return binary(arr, mid+1, r, x)

else:
return binary(arr, l, mid-1, x)

arr = [10,20,30,40]
print(binary(arr, 0, len(arr)-1, 30))

🔵 Sorting Algorithms

🔹 4. Bubble Sort
arr = [5, 2, 9, 1]

for i in range(len(arr)):
for j in range(len(arr)-1):
if arr[j] > arr[j+1]:
arr[j], arr[j+1] = arr[j+1], arr[j]

print(arr)

🔹 5. Selection Sort
arr = [5, 2, 9, 1]

for i in range(len(arr)):
min_idx = i
for j in range(i+1, len(arr)):
if arr[j] < arr[min_idx]:
min_idx = j
arr[i], arr[min_idx] = arr[min_idx], arr[i]

print(arr)

🔹 6. Insertion Sort
arr = [5, 2, 9, 1]

for i in range(1, len(arr)):

key = arr[i]
j = i-1
while j >= 0 and key < arr[j]:
arr[j+1] = arr[j]
j -= 1
arr[j+1] = key

print(arr)
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🔹 7. Recursive Insertion Sort

def insertion(arr, n):
if n <= 1:
return
insertion(arr, n-1)
last = arr[n-1]
j = n-2
while j >= 0 and arr[j] > last:
arr[j+1] = arr[j]
j -= 1
arr[j+1] = last

arr = [5,2,9,1]
insertion(arr, len(arr))
print(arr)

🔹 8. Merge Sort
def merge_sort(arr):
if len(arr) > 1:
mid = len(arr)//2
L = arr[:mid]
R = arr[mid:]

merge_sort(L)
merge_sort(R)

i=j=k=0

while i<len(L) and j<len(R):

if L[i] < R[j]:
arr[k]=L[i]; i+=1
else:
arr[k]=R[j]; j+=1
k+=1

while i<len(L):
arr[k]=L[i]; i+=1; k+=1
while j<len(R):
arr[k]=R[j]; j+=1; k+=1

arr=[5,2,9,1]
merge_sort(arr)
print(arr)

🔹 9. Quick Sort
def quick(arr):
if len(arr) <= 1:
return arr
pivot = arr[0]
left = [x for x in arr[1:] if x <= pivot]
right = [x for x in arr[1:] if x > pivot]
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return quick(left) + [pivot] + quick(right)

print(quick([5,2,9,1]))

🔹 10. Heap Sort

import heapq

arr = [5,2,9,1]
[Link](arr)

res = []
while arr:
[Link]([Link](arr))

print(res)

🔹 11. Counting Sort

arr = [1,4,1,2,3]
count = [0]*10

for i in arr:
count[i]+=1

for i in range(len(count)):
while count[i]>0:
print(i)
count[i]-=1

🔹 12. Shell Sort

arr = [5,2,9,1]
gap = len(arr)//2

while gap > 0:

for i in range(gap, len(arr)):
temp = arr[i]
j = i
while j >= gap and arr[j-gap] > temp:
arr[j] = arr[j-gap]
j -= gap
arr[j] = temp
gap //= 2

print(arr)

🔹 13. Radix Sort

30 | P a g e

def counting(arr, exp):

n = len(arr)
output = [0]*n
count = [0]*10

for i in arr:
index = i//exp
count[index%10]+=1

for i in range(1,10):
count[i]+=count[i-1]

for i in reversed(arr):
index = i//exp
output[count[index%10]-1]=i
count[index%10]-=1

for i in range(n):
arr[i]=output[i]

def radix(arr):
m = max(arr)
exp = 1
while m//exp > 0:
counting(arr, exp)
exp *= 10

arr=[170,45,75]
radix(arr)
print(arr)

🔹 14. Comb Sort

arr=[5,2,9,1]
gap=len(arr)
shrink=1.3
sorted=False

while not sorted:

gap=int(gap/shrink)
if gap<=1:
gap=1
sorted=True
i=0
while i+gap<len(arr):
if arr[i]>arr[i+gap]:
arr[i],arr[i+gap]=arr[i+gap],arr[i]
sorted=False
i+=1

print(arr)

🔹 15. Gnome Sort

31 | P a g e

arr=[5,2,9,1]
i=0

while i < len(arr):

if i==0 or arr[i]>=arr[i-1]:
i+=1
else:
arr[i],arr[i-1]=arr[i-1],arr[i]
i-=1

print(arr)

🔹 16. Cocktail Sort

arr=[5,2,9,1]
n=len(arr)
swapped=True
start=0
end=n-1

while swapped:
swapped=False
for i in range(start,end):
if arr[i]>arr[i+1]:
arr[i],arr[i+1]=arr[i+1],arr[i]
swapped=True
if not swapped:
break
swapped=False
end-=1
for i in range(end-1,start-1,-1):
if arr[i]>arr[i+1]:
arr[i],arr[i+1]=arr[i+1],arr[i]
swapped=True
start+=1

print(arr)

🔹 17. Odd-Even Sort

arr=[5,2,9,1]
sorted=False

while not sorted:

sorted=True
for i in range(1,len(arr)-1,2):
if arr[i]>arr[i+1]:
arr[i],arr[i+1]=arr[i+1],arr[i]
sorted=False
for i in range(0,len(arr)-1,2):
if arr[i]>arr[i+1]:
arr[i],arr[i+1]=arr[i+1],arr[i]
sorted=False

print(arr)
32 | P a g e

🔹 18. Bogo Sort 😄

import random

arr=[3,2,1]

def sorted_check(a):
return all(a[i]<=a[i+1] for i in range(len(a)-1))

while not sorted_check(arr):

[Link](arr)

print(arr)

🔹 19. Cycle Sort

arr=[5,2,9,1]

for cycle_start in range(len(arr)-1):

item=arr[cycle_start]
pos=cycle_start

for i in range(cycle_start+1,len(arr)):
if arr[i]<item:
pos+=1

arr[pos],item=item,arr[pos]

print(arr)

🔹 20. Stooge Sort 😅

def stooge(arr,l,h):
if l>=h:
return
if arr[l]>arr[h]:
arr[l],arr[h]=arr[h],arr[l]
if h-l+1>2:
t=(h-l+1)//3
stooge(arr,l,h-t)
stooge(arr,l+t,h)
stooge(arr,l,h-t)

arr=[5,2,9,1]
stooge(arr,0,len(arr)-1)
print(arr)
33 | P a g e

🔷 Pattern Programs

🔹 1. Print Pattern ‘G’

n = 7

for i in range(n):
for j in range(n):
if (i == 0 and j > 0) or \
(i == n//2 and j > 0) or \
(i == n-1 and j > 0) or \
(j == 0 and i != 0 and i != n-1) or \
(j == n-1 and i >= n//2) or \
(i == n//2 and j >= n//2):
print("*", end=" ")
else:
print(" ", end=" ")
print()

🔹 2. Inverted Star Pattern

n = 5

for i in range(n, 0, -1):

print("* " * i)

🔹 3. Double Sided Staircase Pattern

n = 5

for i in range(1, n+1):

print(" "*(n-i) + "* "*i)

for i in range(n-1, 0, -1):

print(" "*(n-i) + "* "*i)

🔹 4. Print with Your Own Font (Custom Text

Pattern)
👉 Example: “HELLO” using stars
34 | P a g e

print("H H EEEEE L L OOO ")

print("H H E L L O O")
print("HHHHH EEEE L L O O")
print("H H E L L O O")
print("H H EEEEE LLLLL LLLLL OOO ")

🕒 Python Date & Time Programs

🔹 1. Get Current Time

from datetime import datetime

now = [Link]()
print("Current Time:", [Link]())

🔹 2. Get Current Date and Time

from datetime import datetime

now = [Link]()
print("Current Date & Time:", now)

🔹 3. Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow

from datetime import datetime, timedelta

today = [Link]()
yesterday = today - timedelta(days=1)
tomorrow = today + timedelta(days=1)

print("Yesterday:", [Link]())
print("Today:", [Link]())
print("Tomorrow:", [Link]())

🔹 4. Convert 12hr → 24hr Format

from datetime import datetime
35 | P a g e

time_12 = "02:30 PM"

time_24 = [Link](time_12, "%I:%M %p")

print(time_24.strftime("%H:%M"))

🔹 5. Time Difference
from datetime import datetime

t1 = [Link]("10:30:00", "%H:%M:%S")
t2 = [Link]("12:00:00", "%H:%M:%S")

diff = t2 - t1
print("Difference:", diff)

🔹 6. Lap Timer ⏱️
import time

input("Press Enter to start")

start = [Link]()

input("Press Enter to stop")

end = [Link]()

print("Elapsed Time:", end - start)

🔹 7. Date String → Timestamp

from datetime import datetime

date_str = "2025-03-01"
dt = [Link](date_str, "%Y-%m-%d")

print("Timestamp:", [Link]())

🔹 8. Timestamp → Datetime
from datetime import datetime

ts = 1700000000
dt = [Link](ts)

print(dt)

🔹 9. Count Days in a Year

36 | P a g e

import calendar

year = 2025
days = {day:0 for day in calendar.day_name}

for month in range(1,13):

cal = [Link](year, month)
for week in cal:
for i, day in enumerate(week):
if day != 0:
days[calendar.day_name[i]] += 1

print(days)

🔵 Python Regex Programs

🔹 1. Only Defined Characters Check

import re

s = "abc123"
pattern = "^[a-zA-Z0-9]+$"

print(bool([Link](pattern, s)))

🔹 2. Count Upper, Lower, Digit, Special

import re

s = "Hello@123"

upper = len([Link](r'[A-Z]', s))

lower = len([Link](r'[a-z]', s))
digit = len([Link](r'[0-9]', s))
special = len([Link](r'[^A-Za-z0-9]', s))
print(upper, lower, digit, special)

🔹 3. Most Occurring Number in String

import re
from collections import Counter

s = "11 22 11 33 11"
nums = [Link](r'\d+', s)

print(Counter(nums).most_common(1))
37 | P a g e

🔹 4. Maximum Number from String

import re

s = "abc 100 xyz 200"

nums = [Link](r'\d+', s)

print(max(map(int, nums)))

🔹 5. Space Before Capital Words

import re

s = "HelloWorldPython"
res = [Link](r'([A-Z])', r' \1', s)

print([Link]())

🔹 6. Starts & Ends Same Character

import re

s = "radar"
print(bool([Link](r'^(.).*\1$', s)))

🔹 7. Upper followed by Lowercase

import re

s = "Hello World"
print([Link](r'[A-Z][a-z]+', s))

🔹 8. Remove Duplicate Words

import re

s = "this is is test test"

res = [Link](r'\b(\w+)( \1\b)+', r'\1', s)
print(res)

🔹 9. Remove All Except Letters & Numbers

import re

s = "abc@123!"
print([Link](r'[^A-Za-z0-9]', '', s))
38 | P a g e

🔹 10. Ends with Alphanumeric

import re

s = "hello123"
print(bool([Link](r'[A-Za-z0-9]$', s)))

🔹 11. Starts with Vowel

import re

s = "apple"
print(bool([Link](r'^[aeiouAEIOU]', s)))

🔹 12. Starts with Substring

import re

s = "hello world"
print(bool([Link](r'^hello', s)))

🔹 13. URL Validation

import re

url = "[Link]
pattern = r'https?://\S+'

print(bool([Link](pattern, url)))

🔹 14. Parse URL

import re

url = "[Link]
res = [Link](r'https?://(www\.)?(\w+)', url)

print(res)

🔹 15. IP Address Validation

import re

ip = "[Link]"
39 | P a g e

pattern = r'^(\d{1,3}\.){3}\d{1,3}$'

print(bool([Link](pattern, ip)))

🔹 16. Email Validation

import re

email = "test@[Link]"
pattern = r'^[\w\.-]+@[\w\.-]+\.\w+$'

print(bool([Link](pattern, email)))

🔹 17. Find Files with Extension

import re

files = ["[Link]", "[Link]", "[Link]"]

res = [f for f in files if [Link](r'\.txt$', f)]

print(res)

🔹 18. Extract IP from Text

import re

text = "IP: [Link]"

print([Link](r'\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+', text))

🔹 19. Password Validity

import re

pwd = "Abc@1234"
pattern = r'^(?=.*[A-Z])(?=.*[a-z])(?=.*\d)(?=.*[@#$]).{6,}$'

print(bool([Link](pattern, pwd)))

🔹 20. Strong or Weak Password

40 | P a g e

import re

pwd = "Abc@1234"

if [Link](r'^(?=.*[A-Z])(?=.*[a-z])(?=.*\d)(?=.*[@#$]).{8,}$',
pwd):
print("Strong Password")
else:
print("Weak Password")

🎯 Important Concepts
✔ [Link]() → start check
✔ [Link]() → anywhere check
✔ [Link]() → multiple match
✔ [Link]() → replace

📂 Python File Handling Programs

🔹 1. Read File Word by Word

with open("[Link]", "r") as f:
for line in f:
words = [Link]()
for w in words:
print(w)

🔹 2. Read Character by Character

with open("[Link]", "r") as f:
while True:
ch = [Link](1)
if not ch:
break
print(ch)

🔹 3. Count Characters, Words, Spaces, Lines

41 | P a g e

with open("[Link]", "r") as f:

text = [Link]()

print("Chars:", len(text))
print("Words:", len([Link]()))
print("Spaces:", [Link](" "))
print("Lines:", [Link]("\n") + 1)

🔹 4. Count Key Occurrence

word = "python"

with open("[Link]", "r") as f:

text = [Link]()

print([Link](word))

🔹 5. Find n-length Words

n = 4

with open("[Link]", "r") as f:

for word in [Link]().split():
if len(word) == n:
print(word)

🔹 6. Line Number of Word

word = "python"

with open("[Link]", "r") as f:

for i, line in enumerate(f, 1):
if word in line:
print("Found in line", i)

🔹 7. Count Lines
with open("[Link]", "r") as f:
print(len([Link]()))

🔹 8. Remove Lines Starting with Prefix

prefix = "Hi"

with open("[Link]", "r") as f:

lines = [Link]()
42 | P a g e

with open("[Link]", "w") as f:

for line in lines:
if not [Link](prefix):
[Link](line)

🔹 9. Remove Duplicate Lines

with open("[Link]", "r") as f:
lines = [Link]()

unique = list(set(lines))

with open("[Link]", "w") as f:

[Link](unique)

🔹 10. Read List of Dictionaries

import json

with open("[Link]", "r") as f:

data = [Link](f)

print(data)

🔹 11. Append One File to Another

with open("[Link]", "r") as f1, open("[Link]", "a") as f2:
[Link]([Link]())

🔹 12. Copy Odd Lines

with open("[Link]", "r") as f1, open("[Link]", "w") as f2:
for i, line in enumerate(f1, 1):
if i % 2 != 0:
[Link](line)

🔹 13. Merge Two Files

with open("[Link]") as a, open("[Link]") as b, open("[Link]","w")
as c:
[Link]([Link]() + [Link]())

🔹 14. Reverse Single Line

43 | P a g e

with open("[Link]", "r") as f:

line = [Link]()

print(line[::-1])

🔹 15. Reverse File Content

with open("[Link]", "r") as f:
text = [Link]()

with open("[Link]", "w") as f:

[Link](text[::-1])

🔹 16. Reverse Using Stack

stack = []

with open("[Link]", "r") as f:

for ch in [Link]():
[Link](ch)

with open("[Link]", "w") as f:

while stack:
[Link]([Link]())

🎯 Important Concepts
✔ open() → file open
✔ "r", "w", "a" modes
✔ read(), readline(), readlines()
✔ with → auto close file
44 | P a g e

🔴 Advanced Python Programs

🔹 1. Reverse Linked List

class Node:
def __init__(self, data):
[Link] = data
[Link] = None

def reverse(head):
prev = None
curr = head
while curr:
nxt = [Link]
[Link] = prev
prev = curr
curr = nxt
return prev

🔹 2. Largest Prime Factor

n = 100
i = 2

while i * i <= n:
if n % i:
i += 1
else:
n //= i

print(n)

🔹 3. All Prime Factors

n = 100

for i in range(2, n+1):

while n % i == 0:
print(i)
n //= i

🔹 4. Product of Unique Prime Factors

n = 100
res = 1

for i in range(2, n+1):

45 | P a g e

if n % i == 0:
res *= i
while n % i == 0:
n //= i

print(res)

🔹 5. Sum of Odd Factors

n = 20
sum = 0

for i in range(1, n+1):

if n % i == 0 and i % 2 != 0:
sum += i

print(sum)

🔹 6. Coin Change (Simple)

coins = [1,2,5]
amount = 5

dp = [0]*(amount+1)
dp[0] = 1

for c in coins:
for i in range(c, amount+1):
dp[i] += dp[i-c]

print(dp[amount])

🔹 7. Tower of Hanoi
def hanoi(n, a, b, c):
if n == 1:
print(a, "->", c)
return
hanoi(n-1, a, c, b)
print(a, "->", c)
hanoi(n-1, b, a, c)

hanoi(3, 'A', 'B', 'C')

🔹 8. Sieve of Eratosthenes
n = 50
prime = [True]*(n+1)

for p in range(2, int(n**0.5)+1):

46 | P a g e

if prime[p]:
for i in range(p*p, n+1, p):
prime[i] = False

for i in range(2, n+1):

if prime[i]:
print(i)

🔹 9. Binary Palindrome
n = 9
b = bin(n)[2:]

print(b == b[::-1])

🔹 10. Euclidean Algorithm (GCD)

a, b = 48, 18

while b:
a, b = b, a % b

print(a)

🔹 11. Extended Euclidean

def egcd(a, b):
if b == 0:
return a, 1, 0
g, x1, y1 = egcd(b, a%b)
return g, y1, x1 - (a//b)*y1

print(egcd(48,18))

🔹 12. Max Height (Coins Triangle)

n = 10
h = 0

while n >= h+1:

h += 1
n -= h

print(h)

🔹 13. Min Sum of Factors

47 | P a g e

n = 12
sum = 0

for i in range(1, n+1):

if n % i == 0:
sum += i

print(sum)

🔹 14. Odd-Even Digit Difference

n = 12345
odd = even = 0

for d in str(n):
if int(d)%2:
odd += int(d)
else:
even += int(d)

print(odd - even)

🔹 15. Matrix Z Form

A = [[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]]

for i in range(3):
print(A[0][i], end=" ")
for i in range(1,2):
print(A[i][2-i], end=" ")
for i in range(3):
print(A[2][i], end=" ")

🔹 16. Smallest K Digit Divisible

k = 3
x = 7

num = 10**(k-1)

while True:
if num % x == 0:
print(num)
break
num += 1

🔹 17. Number Series Without Loop

def series(n):
if n == 0:
48 | P a g e

return
print(n)
series(n-1)

series(5)

🔹 18. Triangle Validity

a,b,c = 60,60,60

print(a+b+c == 180 and a>0 and b>0 and c>0)

🔹 19. Most Occurring Character

from collections import Counter

s = "hello"
print(Counter(s).most_common(1))

🔹 20. Sum of Even Factors

n = 20
sum = 0

for i in range(1,n+1):
if n%i==0 and i%2==0:
sum+=i

print(sum)

🔹 21. Digits Divide Number

n = 128

for d in str(n):
if int(d)==0 or n%int(d)!=0:
print("No")
break
else:
print("Yes")

🔹 22. Consecutive 0s in Binary

n = 8
b = bin(n)

print("00" in b)
49 | P a g e

🔹 23. Modular Equation Solutions

a, b, m = 3, 6, 9

count = 0
for x in range(m):
if (a*x) % m == b % m:
count += 1

print(count)

🔹 24. Legendre’s Conjecture (Check)

import math

def is_prime(n):
if n<2: return False
for i in range(2,int([Link](n))+1):
if n%i==0:
return False
return True

n = 10
for i in range(n*n, (n+1)*(n+1)):
if is_prime(i):
print("Prime found:", i)
break