Practice Question Set
1. A company records the number of minutes employees take to complete an internal
approval process:
12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 85
(a) Determine a value that best represents the usual completion time.
(b) Quantify how much the unusually long approval affects the overall summary.
(c) Suggest which value management should use while setting performance targets.
2. Two production lines manufacture the same component.
• Line A weights (kg): 10.0, 10.1, 9.9, 10.0, 10.1
• Line B weights (kg): 9.5, 10.8, 9.9, 10.2, 9.6
(a) Compute suitable measures to compare consistency.
(b) Identify which line is more reliable.
(c) Justify your answer numerically.
3. Monthly salaries ( in thousands) in two startups are:
• Startup X: 30, 32, 33, 35, 36
• Startup Y: 20, 25, 30, 35, 120
(a) Compare the typical salary offered by both startups.
(b) Identify which startup shows greater income inequality.
(c) Recommend which startup data is more suitable for attracting new employees
and justify.
4. A hospital observes that on average 4 emergency patients arrive every hour.
(a) Calculate the probability that exactly 7 patients arrive in an hour.
(b) Calculate the probability that more than 6 patients arrive in an hour.
(c) Explain how these probabilities influence staffing decisions.
5. The test scores of a large class have an average of 70 and a standard deviation of 8.
1
(a) Estimate the proportion of students scoring above 86.
(b) Estimate how many students out of 500 fall in this category.
(c) Explain whether this result should concern the instructor.
6. An online platform records the number of daily logins:
520, 530, 540, 545, 550, 1200
(a) Describe the general usage pattern.
(b) Quantify how the last value affects overall statistics.
(c) Suggest how platform performance should be reported.
7. A food delivery company records delivery times (minutes):
18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 27, 90
(a) Compute suitable numerical summaries.
(b) Identify and justify whether a service failure exists.
(c) Recommend how delivery time should be communicated to customers.
(d) Suggest one operational improvement using the data.
8. A dataset contains customer purchase amounts (Rs):
500, 520, 540, 560, 580, 600, 5000
(a) Identify the nature of the dataset.
(b) Explain why a single numerical summary is insufficient.
(c) Propose a better reporting strategy for management.
9. In a company:
• 60% of employees are certified,
• Among certified employees, 80% successfully complete projects,
• Among non-certified employees, 40% successfully complete projects.
An employee is selected at random and is found to have successfully completed a
project.
(a) Find the probability that the employee is certified.
(b) Interpret the result in the context of employee training.
10. A food delivery platform tracks the number of orders received per minute. The prob-
ability distribution is given below:
2
Orders (X) 0 1 2 3
P (X) 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.2
(a) Verify that the above represents a valid random variable.
(b) Compute the expected number of orders per minute.
(c) Find the variance and interpret the result.
11. A hospital records emergency patient arrivals at an average rate of 3 patients per hour.
(a) Find the probability that exactly 5 patients arrive in an hour.
(b) Find the probability that at least 4 patients arrive in an hour.
(c) Explain why this model is appropriate for the situation.
12. A company has two machines producing bolts:
Machine Percentage Output Defect Rate
A 70% 2%
B 30% 6%
A bolt selected at random is found to be defective.
(a) Find the probability that the bolt was produced by Machine B.
(b) Interpret the result.
(c) Suggest one managerial action.
13. The time (in minutes) required to resolve customer complaints has:
• Mean = 20 minutes
• Standard deviation = 4 minutes
(a) Find the probability that a complaint takes more than 28 minutes.
(b) Estimate how many out of 500 complaints exceed this time.
(c) Explain what this implies for service quality.
14. Website visits occur at an average rate of 4 visits per minute.
(a) Find the probability that no visitor arrives in a minute.
(b) Find the probability that more than 6 visitors arrive in a minute.
(c) Compute the expected number of visitors in 10 minutes.
(d) Explain how these results guide server capacity planning.