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Matrix Multiplication Transpose

The document provides C programs for matrix multiplication and finding the transpose of a matrix. It includes user input for matrix dimensions and elements, checks for multiplication feasibility, and displays the resultant matrix and its transpose. Key logic for multiplication and transposition is also explained with examples.

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theshubhammaurya1
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3 views5 pages

Matrix Multiplication Transpose

The document provides C programs for matrix multiplication and finding the transpose of a matrix. It includes user input for matrix dimensions and elements, checks for multiplication feasibility, and displays the resultant matrix and its transpose. Key logic for multiplication and transposition is also explained with examples.

Uploaded by

theshubhammaurya1
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Matrix Multiplication

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int r1, c1, r2, c2, i, j, k;

// Input dimensions
printf("Enter rows and columns of first matrix: ");
scanf("%d %d", &r1, &c1);

printf("Enter rows and columns of second matrix: ");


scanf("%d %d", &r2, &c2);

// Check condition
if(c1 != r2) {
printf("Matrix multiplication not possible.\n");
return 0;
}

int A[r1][c1], B[r2][c2], C[r1][c2];

// Input first matrix


printf("Enter elements of first matrix:\n");
for(i = 0; i < r1; i++) {
for(j = 0; j < c1; j++) {
scanf("%d", &A[i][j]);
}
}

// Input second matrix


printf("Enter elements of second matrix:\n");
for(i = 0; i < r2; i++) {
for(j = 0; j < c2; j++) {
scanf("%d", &B[i][j]);
}
}

// Initialize result matrix to 0


for(i = 0; i < r1; i++) {
for(j = 0; j < c2; j++) {
C[i][j] = 0;
}
}

// Matrix multiplication
for(i = 0; i < r1; i++) {
for(j = 0; j < c2; j++) {
for(k = 0; k < c1; k++) {
C[i][j] += A[i][k] * B[k][j];
}
}
}

// Display result
printf("Resultant Matrix:\n");
for(i = 0; i < r1; i++) {
for(j = 0; j < c2; j++) {
printf("%d ", C[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}

return 0;
}

Explanation

 A[r1][c1] → First matrix


 B[r2][c2] → Second matrix

 C[r1][c2] → Result matrix

Core Logic:

C[i][j] += A[i][k] * B[k][j];

 Multiplyrow of A with column of B


 Sum all products
Example

Matrix A:

12
34

Matrix B:

56
78

Result

19 22
43 50

Transpose Of a Matrix
Transpose of a matrix means rows become columns:

A [i] [j] \rightarrow A [j] [i]

C Program

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int r, c, i, j;

printf("Enter rows and columns of matrix: ");


scanf("%d %d", &r, &c);

int A[r][c], T[c][r];

// Input matrix
printf("Enter elements of matrix:\n");
for(i = 0; i < r; i++) {
for(j = 0; j < c; j++) {
scanf("%d", &A[i][j]);
}
}

// Find transpose
for(i = 0; i < r; i++) {
for(j = 0; j < c; j++) {
T[j][i] = A[i][j];
}
}

// Display original matrix


printf("Original Matrix:\n");
for(i = 0; i < r; i++) {
for(j = 0; j < c; j++) {
printf("%d ", A[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}

// Display transpose matrix


printf("Transpose Matrix:\n");
for(i = 0; i < c; i++) {
for(j = 0; j < r; j++) {
printf("%d ", T[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}

return 0;
}

Explanation

 Original
matrix: A[r][c]
 Transpose matrix: T[c][r]

 Logic:

T[j][i] = A[i][j];
 → swap row and column indices

Example

Original Matrix:

123
456

Transpose

14
25
36

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