INDEFINITE INTEGRATION

1. If f(x) and g(x) are two functions such that f(x) = g(x) then f(x) is called antiderivative of g(x)
with respect to x.
2. If f(x) is an antiderivative of g(x) then f(x) + c is also an antiderivative of g(x) for all c  R.
3. If F(x) is an antiderivative of f(x) then F(x) + c, cR is called indefinite integral of f(x) with
respect to x. It is denoted by  f(x) dx. The real number c is called constant of integration.
4. The integral of a function need not exists. If a function f(x) has integral then f(x) is called an
integrable function.
5. The process of finding the integral of a function is known as Integration.
6. The integration is the reverse process of differentiation.
xn+1
If n  –1, then
7.
 xndx =
n +1
+c.

8.  dx = x + c

1
9. dx = 2 x +c.
x
1
10.
 x dx = log | x | +c
11.  e dx = e
x x
+c

ax
12. a > 0, a  1, then  a x dx = +c
loga

13.  cos xdx = sin x + c

14.  sin xdx = − cos x + c
15.  sec x dx = tan x + c
2

16.  cos ec x dx = −cot x + c

2

17.  sec x tan x dx = sec x + c

18.  cos ecx cot x dx = − cos ecx + c

1
19. dx = sin−1 x + c = − cos−1 x + c

1+ x
1
20. dx = tan −1 x + c = − cot −1 x + c
2
 Indefinite Integration

x
1
21. If x > 1, then dx = sec −1 x + c =

x
1
– cosec–1x + c and if x < –1 then dx = − sec −1 x + c = cos ec −1x + c .

22.  sinhx dx = cos h x + c

23. cosh xdx = sinh x + c
24.  sec h x dx = tanh x + c
2

25.  cos ech x dx = − coth x + c

2

26.  sec hx tanh x dx = − sec hx + c

27.  cos echx coth x dx = − cos echx + c

1
28. dx = sinh−1 x + c


1
29. dx = cosh−1 x + c

30. If f(x) is an integrable function and k is a real number then (kf )(x) dx = k  f(x) dx .
31. f(x), g(x) are two integrable functions then (f + g)(x) dx =  f(x) dx + g(x) dx .

32. If f(x), g(x) are two integrable functions then (f − g)(x) dx =  f(x) dx − g(x) dx .
33. If f1(x),f2 (x),...fn (x) are integrable functions then (f 1 + f2 + ... + fn )(x) dx =

f (x)dx +  f
1 2 (x)dx 
+ ... + f n (x)dx .

34. If f(x), g(x) are two inegrable functions and k, l are two real numbers then
(kf + lg)(x) dx = k f(x) dx = l g(x) dx
 f(x) dx = g(x) then f(ax + b) dx = g(ax + b) + c .
1
35. If
a
f'(x)
36. If f(x) is a differentiable function then  f(x) dx = log |f(x)| + c.

37.  tan x dx = log |sec x| + c.

38.  cot x dx = log |sin x| + c.

39. sec x dx=log |secx+tanx|+c = log |tan(4+x/2)|+c

40. cos ecx dx = log |cosecx – cot x| + c =
log |tan x/2| + c
 Indefinite Integration
n +1
[f(x)]
If f(x) is differentiable function and n  –1, then
41.
 [f(x)]n f'(x)dx =
n +1
+ c.

f'(x)
42. If n = –1, then
 [f(x)]nf'(x)dx =
 f(x)
dx = log | f(x) | +c .


f'(x)
43. dx = 2 f(x) + c
f(x)
x

1
44. dx = sin−1  + c
a
x

1
45. dx = sinh−1   + c
a
x

1
46. dx = cosh−1   + c
a
1 1 −1 x 
47.
 a2 + x2
dx = tan   + c
a a
 
1 1 a+x
48. dx = log +c
a 2
− x2 2a a−x
1 1 x−a
49. dx = log +c
x −a2 2
2a x+a

50.  a −x 2 2
dx =
x 2 2
a −x +
a2 x
sin−1   + c
2 2 a

−1 x 

51. x a2
dx = + sinh   + c
2 2 a

x = x x 2 − a 2 − a cosh −1 x 
2


2 2
52. x −a d +c
2 2 a

px + q d
53. If the given integral is of the form  ax 2
+ bx + c
dx then take px + q = A
dx
(ax 2 + bx + c) + B .

px + q d
54. If the given integral is of the form  dx then take px + q = A
dx
(ax 2 + bx + c) + B .

55. If the given integral is of the form (px + q) dx then take px + q =

d
A (ax2 + bx + c) + B .
dx


1 1
56. If the given integral is of the form dx , then put px + q = .
(px + q) t


1 1
57. If the given integral is of the form dx then put x = .
(ax2 + b) t
 Indefinite Integration
px + q ax + b
58. If the given integral is of the form
 ax + b
dx or
 px + q 
dx or (px + q) ax + b dx or


1 1
dx then put ax + b = t2 and hence dx = 2t dt.
(px + q) ax + b a
59. If the integral is of the form dx dx then multiply
a  a cos
or
2
cos2 x + b2 sin2 x 2
x + b sin x cos x + c sin2 x
both numerator and denominator with sec2x and take tan x = t.

 a + b cos x or  a + b sin x  a cos x + b sin x + c , take tan 2 =t 

dx dx dx x
60. If the integral is of the form or
1 x
sec 2 dx = dt  (1 + tan2 x / 2)dx = 2dt 
2 2
2dt
(1 + t2) dx = 2 dt  dx = .
1 + t2
2 tan x / 2 2t
Sin x = = ,
1 + tan x / 2
2 1 + t2

cos x = 1 − tan2 x / 2 = 1 − t2 .
2 2

1 + tan x / 2 1+ t
a cos x + b sinx
 c cos x + dsin x dx , take acos x + b sin x = A
d
61. If the integral is of the form (c cos x + d sin x) +
dx
B(c cos x + d sin x).
62. Integration by Parts : If f(x) and g(x) are two integrable functions then
f(x).g(x) dx = f(x)g(x) dx −  f'(x) [g(x) dx] dx .
63. If u and v are two functions of x then u dv = uv −  v du .
64. If u and v are two functions of x; u, u, u … denote the successive derivatives of u and v1, v2,
v3, … denote the successive integrals of v then the extension of Integration by parts is
u v dx =
uv1 – uv2 + u v3 – uv4+…….
65. In integration by parts, the first function will be taken as in the following order. Inverse functions,
logarithmic functions, Algebraic functions, Trigonometric functions and exponential functions.
(To remember this a phrase ILATE).
eax
66. eax cosbx dx =
a2 + b2
(a cos bx + b sin bx) + c.

eax
67.  eax sinbx dx =
a2 + b2
(a sin bx – b cos bx)

68. e x
[f(x) + f'(x)]dx = e x f(x) + c .

69. e −x
[f(x) − f'(x)] dx = −e −x f(x) + c

− sinn −1 x cos x n +1
70. If In = sinn x dx then In = + In− 2 , where n is the +ve integer.
n n
 Indefinite Integration
n −1
n −1
If In = cosn x dx then In =
cos x sin x
71. + In− 2 .
n n

tann −1 x
72. If In = tann x dx then In = − In− 2 .
n −1
− cotn−1 x
73. If In = cotn x dx then In = − In− 2 .
n −1
secn − 2 x tan x n − 2
74. If In =  secn x dx then In =
n −1
+
n −1
In− 2 .

− cos ecn − 2 xcot x n − 2

75. If In =  cos ecnx dx then In =
n −1
+
n −1
In− 2 .

76. If In = (log x)n dx then In = x(log x)n − nIn−1 .

77. If Im,n = sinm x cosnx dx , then

sinm+1 x cosn−1 x n −1 sinm−1 x cosn+1 x m − 1

I m,n = + I m,n− 2 = − + Im− 2,n
m+n m+n m+n m+n

f(ax + b)dx = af(t)dt + c , where t = ax + b.

1
78.

 f(x)
f'(x)
79. dx = log | f(x) | +c

[f(x)]n +1
80.  [f(x)]n f'(x) dx =
n +1
+c .

 f(x )x dx =  f(t) dt, where t = xn.

n n−1 1
81.
a cos x + b sin xn ac + bd ad − bc
82. dx = x+ log | c cos x + dsin x | +c .
 c cos x + d sin x c 2 + d2 c 2 + d2
83. 

dx 2
If a > b then = tan−1 a−b x
 tan  + c .
a + bcos x  a + b 2 

84.  e [f(x) + f'(x)] dx = e f(x) + c

x x

85. ax  f'(x)  eax f(x)

 e


f(x) +

a 
dx =
a
+c

86. [xf'(x) + f(x)]dx = xf(x) + c .

eax
87.  eax sin(bx + c)dx =
a2 + b2
[a sin (bx + c) –
b cos (bx + c)] + k.
eax
88. e ax
cos(bx + c)dx =
a2 + b2
[a cos (bx + c) +
b sin (bx + c)] + k.
 Indefinite Integration
xeax
89.  xeax sin(bx + c)dx =
a2 + b2
[a sin (bx + c) –

eax
b cos (bx + c)] – [(a2 − b2 )sinbx – 2ab cosbx] + k .
(a + b2 )2
2

xeax
90.  xeax cos(bx + c)dx =
a2 + b2
[a cos (bx + c) +

eax
b sin (bx + c)] – [(a2 − b2 )cos(bx + c) + 2ab sin(bx + c)] + k .
(a2 + b2 )2
 INDEFINITE INTEGRATION (EAMCET)
OBJECTIVE PROBLEMS


sin x
1. dx =
sin(x − )

(a) x cos  − sin  log sin( x − ) + c (b) x cos  + sin  log sin( x −  ) + c

(c) x sin  − sin  log sin( x − ) + c (d) None of these

x +3 ...............  dx =
1 + x + x +

2
2.  2! 3! 
 

(a) −ex+c (b) e x +c

(c) e − x + c (d) − e − x + c
x − 1 dx =
3.  (x + 1)2
2 2
(a) log(x + 1) + +c (b) log(x + 1) − +c
x+1 x+1

2
(c) − log(x + 1) + c (d) None of these
x+1

4.  dx
sin x + cos x
=
 x  x
(a) log tan +c+ (b) log tan − +c
   
8 2 8 2
1 log tan   + x  + c
(c) (d) None of these
 
2 8 2

1
5. If  (sin 2 x − cos 2 x) dx =
2
sin(2 x − a) + b , then


(a) a= ,b =0
4

(b) a=− ,b=0
4
5
(c) a= , b = any constant
4
5
(d) a=− , b = any constant
4

cos x − 1
6.  cos x + 1
dx =

x
(a) 2 tan −x +c (b) 1 tan x − x +c
2 2 2

(c) 1 x
x − tan + c
2 2
(d) x − 2 tan x2+ c
7.  (sin −1
x + cos −1 x) dx =

1
(a) x + c (b) x(sin−1 x − cos −1 x) + c
2

(c) x(cos−1 x − sin−1 x) + c (d) +x+c
2

8.  sindxx += 3 cos x

(a) log tan
x
+ +c (b) 1 log tan  x +   +c
   
 x
2 2 2  2 6
 1 x 
(c) log cot + +c (d) log cot + +c
   
2 6 2 2 6

sin 3 x + cos 3 x
9.  sin 2 x cos 2 x
dx =

(a) tan x + cot x + c (b) tan x − cot x + c

(c) cosec x − cot x + c (d) sec x − cosec x + c

dx =
10. 
1+x + x

(a) 2 (1 + x)2 / 3 − 2 x 2 / 3 + c
3 3

(b) 3 (1 + x)2 / 3 + 3 x 2 / 3 + c
2 2

(c) 3 (1 + x)3 / 2 + 3 x 3 / 2 + c
2 2

(d) 2 (1 + x)3 / 2 − 2 x 3 / 2 + c
3 3

11.  {1 + 2 tan x(tan x + sec x)}1 / 2 dx =

(a) log(sec x + tan x ) + c

(b) log(sec x + tan x)1 / 2 + c

(c) log sec x(sec x + tan x) + c

(d) None of these

e 5 log x − e 4 logx
12.
 e 3 log x − e 2log x
dx =

(a) e . 3 −3 x + c (b) e 3 log x + c

3
(c) x
+c (d) None of these
3
13.
e log(sin x )dx =

(a) sin x + c (b) − cos x + c

(c) e log(cos x ) + c (d) None of these

1
14.  1 + cos x
dx =

2 log sec x + tan x  +

(a) K
 2 2
1 
log sec x + tan x 
(b) +K
2  2 2

x
(c) log sec x + tan + K
 2 2

(d) None of these

15. (sin 4 )
x − cos 4 x dx =

cos 2 x sin 2 x
(a) − +c (b) − +c
2 2

sin 2 x cos 2 x
(c) +c (d) +c
2 2
f(x) dx
= log log sin x , then
16. If  log sin x
f(x ) =

(a) sin x (b) cos x

(c) log sin x (d) cot x

cos 2 x + 2 sin 2 x
17.  cos 2 x
dx =

(a) 2 sec x + c (b) 2 tan x + c

(c) tan x + c (d) None of these

sin x + cos x
18.  1 + sin 2 x
dx =

(a) sin x + c (b) cos x + c

(c) x+c (d) x 2 + c
tan x
19. dx =
 sec x + tan x

(a) sec x + tan x − x + c (b) sec x − tan x + x + c

(c) sec x + tan x + x + c (d) − sec x − tan x + x + c

dx
=
20.  x + x log x

(a) log(1 + log x ) (b) log log(1 + log x ) (c) log x + log(log x) (d) None of these
 dx =
21.
 e x+ e −x

(a) tan −1 (e −x ) (b) tan −1 (e x )

(c) log(e x − e −x ) (d) log(e x + e −x )

x e −1 + e x −1
22.  xe+ex
dx =

(a) log(x e + e x ) + c (b) e log(x e + e x ) + c

1 (d) None of these
(c) log(x e + e x ) + c
e

dx
23.  ex−1
=

(a) ln(1 − e −x ) + c (b) − ln(1 − e − x ) + c

(c) ln(e x − 1) + c (d) None of these

e x (x + 1)
dx =
24.  cos 2 (xe x )

(a) tan( xe x ) + c (b) sec(xe x ) tan( xe x ) + c

(c) − tan( xe x ) + c (d) None of these

25. sin x cos x dx =
 a cos 2
x + b sin x2

1
(a) log(a cos 2 x + b sin 2 x) + c
2(b − a)

1
(b) log(a cos 2 x + b sin 2 x) + c
b−a
1
(c) log(a cos 2 x + b sin 2 x) + c
2

(d) None of these

26.  sec x log(sec x + tan x) dx =

(a) [log(sec x + tan x)]2 + c

1
(b) [log(sec x + tan x)]2 + c
2

(c) sec 2 x + tan x sec x + c

(d) None of these


sin x dx
27. =
a 2 + b 2 cos 2 x

tan −1 
a cos x 
cot −1 
b cos x 
cot −1 
(a) log(a 2 + b 2 cos 2 x) + c (b) 1 (c) 1 (d) 1 a cos x 
+c +c +c
     
ab  b  ab  a  ab  b 
 e 2 x −1
28.  e 2 x +1
dx =

e 2 x −1
(a) +c (b) log(e 2 x + 1) − x + c
e 2 x +1

(c) log(e 2 x + 1) + c (d) None of these

−1
e tan x
dx =
29.  1+x2
−1
(a) log(1 + x 2 ) + c (b) log e tan x
+c
−1 x −1 x
(c) e tan +c (d) tan −1 e tan +c

ax
30.  dx =
1−a2x

1
(a) sin−1 a x +c (b) sin −1
ax+ c
log a

1
(c) cos−1 ax +c (d) cos −1
a x +c
log a

 cos
1
31. dx =
2 x(1 − tan x)2

1 +c 1
(a) (b) +c
tan x − 1 1 − tan x
1 1
(c) − +c (d) None of these
3 (1 − tan x)3
x
32. dx =
 1+x 4

1 1
(a) cot −1 x 2 + c (b) tan −1
x2+ c
2 2

(c) cot −1 x 2 + c (d) tan −1 x 2 + c

1
33.  cos −1 x. 1 − x 2
dx =

(a) log(cos −1 x) + c (b) − log(cos −1

x) + c

1
(c) − +c (d) None of these
2(cos −1 x)2
34. cos 2 x
dx =
 (cos x + sin x) 2

(a) log cos x + sin x + c (b) log(cos x − sin x ) + c

1
(c) log(cos x + sin x ) + c (d) − +c
cos x + sin x
2
sec x
35. To evaluate
 (1 + tan x)(2 + tan x)
dx , the most suitable substitution is

(a) 1 + tan x = t (b) 2 + tan x = t (c) tan x = t (d) None of these

 
1
36. sin x dx =
x
1
(a) − cos x +c (b) − 2 cos x +c
2

1
(c) cos x +c (d) 2 cos x +c
2


sin 2 x
37. dx =
sin 5 x sin 3 x

(a) log sin 3 x − log sin 5 x + c

1 1
(b) log sin 3 x + log sin 5 x + c
3 5
1 1
(c) log sin 3 x − log sin 5 x + c
3 5

(d) 3 log sin 3 x − 5 log sin 5 x + c

sec 2 x dx
38.  =
tan 2 x + 4


(a) logtan x + tan 2 x + 4 + c
 

logtan x +
1
(b) tan 2 x + 4  + c
2  
1 1 
(c) log tan x + tan 2 x + 4 + c
2 
 2 

(d) None of these

39.  e x tan 2 (e x )dx =

(a) tan(e x ) − x + c (b) e x (tan e x − 1) + c

(c) sec(e x ) + c (d) tan(e x ) − e x + c

cos x − sin x
40.  1 + sin 2 x
dx =

1
(a) − +c (b) 1 +c
cos x + sin x cos x + sin x

(c) 1 +c
(d) None of these
cos x − sin x
x3
41.  dx =
1−x8
1
(a) sin−1 (x 4 ) + c (b) 1 sin −1 (x 4 ) + c
2 3
1
(c) sin−1 (x 4 ) + c (d) None of these
4
 1
42.  dx =
(x 2 − 1) x 2 + 1

1  1 + x 2 + x 2 
(a) log   +c
2 2  1 + x 2 − x 2 

 
(b) 1 1 + x 2 − 2 + c
log  
2 2  1 + x 2 +
2 
 
log  1 + x 2 − x 2  + c
1
(c)
2 2 
 1 + x 2 + x 2 

(d) None of these

(x + 1)(x + log x)2
43.  x
dx =

1
(a) (x + log x) + c (b) 1 (x + log x)2 + c
3 3
1
(c) (x + log x)3 + c (d) None of these
3

x
44.  a3−x3
dx =
3 /2
− x  − x
3/2 2
(a) sin 1
  +c (b) sin 1
  +c
a 3 a

(c) 3 x3/2 3 x2/3

sin −1   +c (d) sin −1   +c
2 a 2 a

log(x + 1 + x 2 )
45.  1+x2
dx =

1
(a) [log(x + 1 + x 2 )]2 + c (b) log(x + 1 + x 2 )2 + c
2

(c) log(x + 1 + x 2 ) + c (d) None of these

cos x − sin x
46.  sin 2 x
dx equals

(a) cosh −1
(sin x + cos x) + c

(b) sinh −1 (sin x + cos x) + c

(c) − cosh −1(sin x + cos x) + c

(d) − sinh −1(sin x + cos x) + c

47. x x (1 + log x) dx is equal to

(a) xx (b) x 2 x
1
(c) x x logx (d) (1 + log x)2
2

48. The value of  dx

x x4−1
is

1
(a) sec −1
x2+k (b) log x x 4 − 1 + k
2

(c) x log x4−1 +k (d) log x4−1 +k

(x 4 − x)1 / 4
49.  x5
dx is equal to
4 5/4 4 5/4
(a) 1− 1 +c (b) 1− 1 +c
   
15  x3 5  x 3
4 5/4
(c) 1+ 1 +c (d) None of these
 
15  x3
  x − x1 
1 + 1 e  d x

50. The value of equals
 x2
1 1
x− x+

(a) e x+ c (b) e x+ c
2 1 1
x− x2+

(c) e x +c (d) e x2+c

 [(x − 1) (x + 2) ]
51. 1
3 5 1/4
dx is equal to

(a) 4  x − 1 1 / 4 4  x + 2 1 / 4
  +c (b)   +c
3x+2 3x−1

(c) 1  x − 1 1 / 4 1  x + 2 1 / 4
  +c (d)   +c
3x+2 3x−1

x is
52. A primitive of
x2+1

(a) log e (x 2 + 1) (b) x tan −1 x

(c) log e (x 2 + 1) (d) 1 x tan −1 x
2 2

1+x
53.  1−x
dx =

(a) − sin−1 x − 1−x2 +c (b) sin−1 x + 1−x2 +c

(c) sin−1 x − 1−x2 +c (d) − sin−1 x − x 2 −1 + c

54. The value of  sin x − cos x dx is
sin x + cos x

(a) 1 +c (b) 1 +c
sin x + cos x sin x − cos x
1 
(c) log(sin x + cos x ) + c (d) log +
 c
 sin x + cos x 
2
 (log x − 1)  dx

55.
 
1 + (log x)2

is equal to
x
xe x +c
(a) +c (b)
1+x2 (log x)2 + 1

log x x
(c) +c (d) +c
(log x)2 + 1 x +1
2


sin x
56. dx =
sin x − cos x
1
(a) log(sin x − cos x) + x + c
2
1
(b) [log(sin x − cos x) + x] + c
2
1
(c) log(cos x − sin x) + x + c
2
1
(d) [log(cos x − sin x) + x] + c
2

x 2 dx
57. Let f(x) =  and f(0) = 0 , then the value of f(1) be
(1 + x 2 )1 + 1 + x 2 
 

(a) log(1 + 2 ) (b) log(1 + 2 ) −
4

(c) log(1 + 2 ) + (d) None of these
2

dx
58.
 sin(x − a)sin(x − b) is
1 sin(x −a)
(a) log +c
sin(a − b) sin(x − b)

−1 sin(x − a)
(b) log +c
sin(a − b) sin(x − b)

(c) log sin( x − a) sin( x − b) + c

sin(x −a)
(d) log
sin(x −b)
59.  x cos 2 xdx =

x4 1 1
(a) − x sin 2x − cos 2 x + c
4 4 8

(b) x2 1 x sin 2x + 1 cos 2 x + c

+
4 4 8

x4 1 1
(c) − x sin 2x + cos 2 x + c
4 4 8

x4 1 1
x sin 2x − cos 2 x + c
4 +4
(d)
8

60.  x tan −1 xdx =

1 1
(a) (x 2 + 1) tan −1 x − x + c
2 2
1 1
(b) (x 2 − 1) tan −1 x − x + c
2 2
1 1
(c) (x 2 + 1) tan −1 x + x + c
2 2
1
(d) (x 2 + 1) tan −1 x − x + c
2

61.  log xdx =

(a) x + x log x + c (b) x log x − x + c

1
(c) x 2 log x + c (d) log x + x + c
x

 (x + 1) dx is
log x
62. The value of 2

log x
(a) − + log x − log (x + 1)
x+1

(b) (log x
x +1) + log x − log (x + 1)
log x
(c) − log x − log (x + 1)
x+1

log x
(d) − − log x − log (x + 1)
x+1

63.  2 + sin 2 x 
 1 + cos 2 x  e x
dx =

(a) e x cot x + c (b) − e x cot x + c

(c) − e x tan x + c (d) e x tan x + c

  1 
64.  log(log x) + dx =
(log x)2
 
x x
(a) x log(log x) + +c (b) x log(log x) − +c
log x log x

(c) x log(log x) +
log x
+c (d) x log(log x) − log x + c
x x

65.  e 2 x
(− sin x + 2 cos x) dx =

(a) e 2 x
sin x + c (b) −e 2 x
sin x + c

(c) − e 2 x cos x + c (d) e 2 x cos x + c

66. cos(log e x) dx is equal to
1
(a) 2
x{cos(log
e
x) + sin(loge x)}

(b) x{cos(loge x) + sin(loge x)}

1
(c) 2
x{cos(log x) − sin(log e x)}
e

(d) x{cos(loge x) − sin(loge x)}

67.  x n log x dx =
x n+1 log x + 1 2
(a) +c (b) x n+1 log x + +c
 
n+1 n + 1 n+1 n+1

1
(c) x n +1 2 log x − 1  + c (d) x n+1 log x − +c
 
n+1 n+1 n+1 n+1

68.  e x sin x dx =
1 1
(a) e x (sin x + cos x) + c (b) e x (sin x − cos x) + c
2 2

(c) e x (sin x + cos x) + c (d) e x (sin x − cos x) + c

xe x
dx =
69.  (1 + x)2

e −x e −x
(a) +c (b) − c
1+x 1+x
x x
e e
(c) +c (d) − c
1+x 1+x
1 1
70.  ex

− dx =
2
 x x 
e +
x ex ex
(a) − (b) ex (c) + (d) − +
c + c c c
x 2 x 2 x x
71. 1 + x log x 
ex dx =
 
 x 

x
e
(a) e x + log x + c (b) +c
log x

(c) e x − log x + c (d) e x log x + c

72.  [sin(log x) + cos(log x)] dx =

(a) x cos(log x ) + c (b) sin(log x ) + c

(c) cos(log x ) + c (d) x sin(log x ) + c
1 1
73.  e x
−

dx =

x x2
 

ex ex
(a) − + c
2 (b) +c
x2
x
x x
(c) e
+c (d) − e +c
x x

x − sin x
74.  dx =
1 − cos x

x x
(a) x cot +c (b) − x cot +c
2 2
x
(c) cot +c (d) None of these
2

75. cos −1  1  dx
x  

(a) x sec −1
x + cosh −1 x + C (b) x sec −1 x − cosh −1
x+C

(c) x sec −1
x − sin −1 x + C (d) None of these

76.  x sin 2 x dx =

x2 x sin 2 x + 1
(a) + cos 2 x + c
4 4 8

x2 1
(b) −
x sin 2 x + cos 2 x + c
4 4 8

x2 1
(c) +
x sin 2 x − cos 2 x + c
4 4 8

x2 1
(d) −
x sin 2 x − cos 2 x + c
4 4 8

(x 2 + 1)
dx =
77. 
x
e
(x + 1)2
x−1
(a) 
ex
 +c (b) e x  x + 1 + c (c) e x (x + 1)(x − 1) + c (d) None of these
 x +1  x−1
  1 1 
78.  − dx =
 
 log x (log x)2 
1 x
(a) +c (b) +c
log x log x

x
(c) (d) None of these
(log x)2

+ sin 2 x

2x1
79. e dx =
1 + cos 2 x

(a) e 2 x tan x + c (b) e 2 x cot x + c

e 2 x tan x
(c) +c (d) e 2 x
cot x c
+
2 2

(x + 3)ex
80.  (x + 4) 2
dx =

1 ex
(a) +c (b) c
(x + 4)2 (x + 4)2

ex ex
(c) () c (d) +c
x +4 x+3
sin−1 x
81. (1 − x 2 )3 / 2 dx =

x 1
(a) sin−1 x + log(1 − x 2 ) + c
1−x2 2

x 1
(b) sin−1 x − log(1 − x 2 ) + c
1−x2 2

1 1
(c) sin−1 x − log(1 − x 2 ) + c
1−x2 2

1 1
(d) sin−1 x + log(1 − x 2 ) + c
1−x2 2

e x (1 + sin x)dx
82. If  1 + cos x
= e x f(x) + c , then f(x ) =

x
(a) sin (b) cos x
2 2
x x
(c) tan (d) log
2 2
83. tan −1 x  1+x+x2
 e

 dx

is equal to
 1+x 
2

−1 −1 x
(a) xe tan x
+c (b) x 2e tan +c

1 tan −1 x
(c) e +c (d) None of these
x
84. e x (1 − cot x + cot 2 x) dx equals

(a) e x cot x + c (b) e x cosec x + c

(c) − e x cot x + c (d) − e x cosec x + c

85.  sin−1 (3 x − 4 x 3 )dx =

(a) x sin−1 x + 1−x2 +c (b) x sin−1 x − 1−x2 +c

(c) 2[x sin−1 x + 1 − x2]+c (d) 3[x sin−1 x + 1−x2]+c

x −1
dx =
86.
 (x − 3)(x − 2)

(a) log( x − 3) − log( x − 2) + c

(b) log(x − 3)2 − log(x − 2) + c

(c) log( x − 3) + log(x − 2) + c

(d) log(x − 3)2 + log(x − 2) + c


dx
87. =
(x 2 + 1)(x 2 + 4)

1 1 x
(a) tan −1
x− tan −1 +c
3 3 2
1 1 x
(b) tan −1
x+ tan −1 +c
3 3 2
1 1 x
(c) tan −1
x− tan −1 +c
3 6 2

x
(d) tan −1
x − 2 tan −1
+c
2
cos x
dx =
88.  (1 + sin x)(2 + sin x)

(a) log[(1 + sin x )(2 + sin x)] + c

2 + sin x
(b) log +c
1 + sin x
1 + sin x
(c) log +c
2 + sin x

(d) None of these


x dx
89. =
(x 2 − a 2 )(x 2 − b 2 )
1 x2−a2  1 x2−b2 
(a) a 2 − b2 log x2 +−cb 2  (b) a 2 − b2log x2 +−ca 2 
   
1  x − a 2
2 1  x − b 2
2
(c) 2(a 2 − b 2) log x −+bc (d) 2(a 2 − b 2) log x−+ac
 2 2  2 2
   
 1
dx =
90.  cos x(1 + cos x)

x
(a) log(sec x + tan x) + 2 tan +c
2

x
(b) log(sec x + tan x) − 2 tan +c
2

x
(c) log(sec x + tan x) + tan +c
2

x
(d) log(sec x + tan x) − tan +c
2

91.  1 dx =
x−x3
1 (1 − x 2) (1 − x)
(a) log +c (b) log +c
2 x2 x(1 + x)

(c) −2+ 1 x2
(d) +
log x(1 x ) c


log c
2 (1 − x 2)
dx
=
 92.
(x + 1)(x + 2)

(a) log x + 2 + c
x+1 (b) log( x + 1) + log( x + 2) + c

(c) log x + 1 + c
x+2 (d) None of these
ex
dx =
93.
 (1 + e x )(2 + e x )

1+ex
(a) x
log[(1 + e )(2 + e )] + c
x

(b) log +c

 2 + e x 

(c) log[(1 + e x ) 2 + e x ] + c
(d) None of these
1
94.  dx =
1 + cos 2 x
1 
(a) 1 tan −1 (tan x) + c (b) 1
tan −1 tan x + c
 
2 2 2 
1  1
(c) tan −1   tan x  + c (d) None of these
 
2  2 

dx
95.  x(x 5 + 1)
=

(a) 1 log x
5 5 +1) + c (b) 1 log x5 1+x+ 5 
(x c
5 x5
5  
1 5 x 5
(c) 5 log x  x 5 + 1 + c (d) None of these
 
 
dx
96. =
e x + 1 − 2e −x

(a) log(e x − 1) − log(e x + 2) + c

1 1
(b) log(e x − 1) − log(e x + 2) + c
2 3
1 1
(c) log(e x − 1) − log(e x + 2) + c
3 3
1 1
(d) log(e x − 1) + log(e x + 2) +c
3 3
1
97. dx =
 (x 2 + a 2 )(x 2 + b 2 )
1 1 x 1  x 
(a)  tan −1 − tan −1 +c
(a − b )
2 2 b    
b a a
    
1 1 x 1  x 
(b)  tan −1 − tan −1 +c
(b 2 − a 2 ) b    
b a a
    

1 x 1 x
(c) tan −1  − tan −1  +c
b b a a
1 x 1 x
(d) tan −1 − tan −1 +c
   
a  
a b  b 
98. dx =
 x[(log x) 2 + 4 log x − 1]

1 l og x + 2 − 5 
(a) log  + c
2 5 log x + 2 + 5

1  log x + 2 − 5 
(b) log  + c
5 log x + 2 + 5 

1 l og x + 2 + 5  c
(c) log  +
2 5 log x + 2 − 5 

1  log x + 2 + 5 
(d) log  + c
5 log x + 2 − 5

dx
99.  2x−x2
=

(a) cos −1 (x − 1) + c (b) sin−1(x − 1) + c

(c) cos −1 (1 + x)+ c (d) sin−1 (1 − x) + c

x2+1
dx =
100.  x4+1
(b) tan − 
x +−c11 
1 1
tan − x +−c11 
2 2
(a)
   
2  2x  2  2x 
(c) tan  x 1  tan  x 1 
1 2 1 2
(d)
−  +−c1 −  +−c1
   
2  2x 2  2x 
 dx
101.
 7 + 5 cos x =
1 1−1  x 1 1 −1 
x
(a) tan  tan 2  + c (b) 
tan tan 2  + c
6  6  3  3 
1  x 1  x
(c) tan −1 tan +c (d) tan −1 tan +c
   
4  2 7  2
1
102. dx =
 (x − 1)(x 2 + 1)

(a) 1 log(x − 1) − 1 log(x 2 + 1) − 1 tan −1 x + c

2 4 2

(b) 1 log(x − 1) + 1 log(x 2 + 1) − 1 tan −1 x + c

2 4 2

(c) 1 log(x − 1) − 1 log(x 2 + 1) − 1 tan −1 x + c

2 2 2

(d) None of these

x2−1
103.  x4+x2+1
dx =

1  x 2 + x + 1  1  x 2 − x − 1
(a) 2 log x2 +−cx + 1 (b) 2 log x2 ++cx + 1
   
 x 2 − x + 1 1  x 2 − x + 1
(c)  x2log+ x + 1 (d) 2 log x2 ++cx + 1
   

dx
104. =
 cos(x − a)cos(x − b)
sin(x − a) cos(x − a)
(a) cosec (a − b) log +c (b) cosec(a − b) log +c
sin(x − b) cos(x − b)
sin(x − b)
(c) cosec(a − b) log +c (d) cosec(a − b) log cos(x − b) + c
sin(x − a) cos(x − a)

sin 8 x − cos 8 x
105.  1 − 2 sin 2 x cos 2
dx =

x
1
(a) sin 2x + c (b) − sin 2 x + c
2
1
(c) sin 2 x + c (d) − sin 2x + c
2

x2
106.  (9 − x 2 )3 / 2
dx =

x x x x
(a) − sin−1 +c (b) + sin−1 +c
9−x2 3 9−x2 3

x x
(c) sin−1 − +c (d) None of these
3 9−x2
 dx
107.  =
4 sin 2 x + 5 cos 2 x
1
(a) tan −1  2 tan x  (b) 1 tan −1  tan x 

 +c    + c
5  5  5  5 

−1  2 tan x 
1 tan
(c) (d) None of these
  + c 
25  5 

a−x
108.  x
dx =

 x x a−x  x
−1 −1 x +
(a) asin + +c (b) sin a2−x2 +c
 a a a  a a
  x x
(c) −1 x a2−x2 +c (d) sin −1 − a2−x2+c
−x
a sin 
 a a  a a
x +1 2
109.  x4−x2+1
dx =

(a) tan 1+ x  

2 2
(b) cot 1+ x
− +1 c − +1 c
   
 x   
−1  x − 1  −1  x − 1
2 2

(c) tan   +c (d) cot  +c

 x   x 

x−1
110.
 (x + 1)3
e x dx =

x
−e ex e
x
−ex
(a) +c (b) +c (c) +c (d) +c
(x + 1)2 (x + 1)2 (x + 1)3 (x + 1)3

3 cos x + 3 sin x
111.  dx =
4 sin x + 5 cos x
27 3 27 3
(a) x− log(4 sin x + 5 cos x) (b) x+ log(4 sin x + 5 cos x )
41 41 41 41
27 3
(c) x− log(4 sin x − 5 cos x) (d) None of these
41 41

1 −x2
112. x 1+x2
dx =

(a)
1
[sin−1 x 2 + 1−x4]+c (b) 1 [sin−1 x 2 + 1−x2]+c
2 2

(c) sin−1 x 2 + 1 − x 4 + c (d) sin−1 x 2 + 1−x2 +c

4 e x + 6e −x
113. If  9e x − 4 e −x
dx = Ax + B log(9e 2 x − 4) + C , then A, B and C are
3 36 3
(a) A= ,B= ,C = log 3 + constant (b) A = 3 , B = 35 , C = 3 log 3 + constant
2 35 2 2 36 2
3 35 3
(c) A =− ,B =− , C = − log 3 + constant (d) None of these
2 36 2
 (x 2 − a 2 )
114. The value of  x
dx will be
2  2 
 (x − a )  (x − a )
2 2

(a) (x 2− a 2) − atan −1  (b) (x 2 − a 2) + a tan −1 

 a   a 
   

(c) (x 2 − a 2 ) + a 2 tan −1 [ x2−a2] (d) tan −1 x / a + c

115. If 
In = (log x)n dx , then In + nIn −1 =

(a) x(log x)n (b) (x log x)n

(c) (log x)n −1 (d) n(log x)n

dx
116.
 (sin x + sin 2x)
=

1 1 2
(a) log(1 − cos x) + log(1 + cos x) − log(1 + 2 cos x)
6 2 3

2
(b) 6 log(1 − cos x) + 2 log(1 + cos x) − log(1 + 2 cos x)
3
1 2
(c) 6 log(1 − cos x) + log(1 + cos x) + log(1 + 2 cos x)
2 3

(d) None of these

117.  tan 3 2 x sec 2 x dx =

1 1 1 1
(a) sec 3 2 x − sec 2 x + c (b) sec 3 2 x + sec 2 x + c
6 2 6 2

1 1
(c) sec 2 2 x − sec 2x + c (d) None of these
9 3

x 2 dx
118.  (a + bx )2
=

(a) 1 2a a2 1 
log(a + bx ) −
 x+ b a + bx 
b2 
b
1 
(b) 2a a2 1 
log(a + bx ) +
2 x− b b a + bx 
b 
1
(c) 2a a2 1 
log(a + bx ) +
2 x+ b b a + bx 
b 
1
(d) a 2a a2 1 
 x + − log(a + bx ) − 
b2  b b b a + bx 

 (x sin x +x cos x)
2
119. dx =
2

sin x + cos x x sin x − cos x sin x − x cos x

(a) x sin x + cos x (b) x sin x + cos x (c) x sin x + cos x (d) None of these
 x+a+ x+b

2
(a) [(x + a)3 / 2 − (x + b)3 / 2 ] + c
3(b − a)

2
(b) [(x + a)3 / 2 − (x + b)3 / 2 ] + c
3(a − b)

2
(c) [(x + a)3 / 2 + (x + b)3 / 2 ] + c
3(a − b)

(d) None of these

INDEFINITE INTEGRATION
HINTS AND SOLUTIONS

sin x sin(x −  + )
1. (b)
 dx =
sin(x −  )  sin(x − )
dx

(sin(x −)cos + cos(x − )sindx

=
 sin(x − )

 x2 x3  x x
2. (b)  1 + x + + + ....... dx =  e dx = e + c.
 2! 3! 
3. (a) x − 1 dx = x+1−2
  (x + 1)
dx
(x + 1)2 2

=  1
x + 1 dx −  (x + 1)
2
2
2
dx = log(x + 1) + (x + 1) + c .

dx 1 dx
4. (c)  sin =x + cos x 2 sin x cos

+ cos x sin

4 4
  1  x 
=1
 cosec  x +  dx = log tan  +  + c.
2  4 2 8 2

 (sin 2 x − cos 2 x)dx =

1
5. (d) sin(2 x − a) + b
2
1
 − (sin 2x + cos 2 x) = 1 sin(2 x − a) + b
2 2

1 1 
 − sin 2x + cos 2 x  = sin(2 x − a) + b 2
 2 2 
5  
 sin 2 x + = sin(2 x − a) + b 2

 4
 cos x − 1
6. d)  dx = −
 tan 2 x
dx
cos x + 1 2
 x   x x
=−
  sec − =
  1 − sec dx = x − 2 tan + c .
2 2

1 dx 
 2   2 2

7. (a)  (sin−1 x + cos−1 x) dx =     dx x

 = +c
2 2

dx 
 
1 dx
8. (b) = 3
sin x + 3 cos x 2 sin x cos x
+
2

2
=
1 dx
=
1  
+
2   
cosec  x 
sin x +  2  3
 3

9. (d) 
sin 3 x + cos 3 x dx =
sin 2 x cos 2 x 
  cossin xx + sincosxxdx
2 2

 

10. (d) Rationalise

11. (c)  (1 + 2 tan 2 x + 2 tan x sec x)1 / 2 dx

=  (sec 2
x + tan 2 x + 2 tan x sec x)1 / 2 dx

=  (sec x + tan x) dx = log(sec x + tan x) + log sec x + c

= log sec x(sec x + tan x ) + c .

e 5 log x − e 4 log x x5−x4

12. (c)  e 3 log x − e 2 log x
dx =
 x3−x 2
dx

x 3
x 4 (x − 1)
2
dx = +c.
= dx = x
 x 2 (x − 1)  3

13. (b)  e log(sin x )dx =  sin x dx = − cos x + c.

14. (a)  1 dx =  dx =

1
 sec
x
dx
1 + cos x 2
2 cos (x / 2) 2 2

1   x + tan x  1 = 2 log sec x + tan x 
= logsec  +K .
2  2 2  1 / 2  2 2

15. (b) (sin 4


x − cos 4 x)dx = (sin 2 x − cos 2 x)(sin 2 x + cos 2 x)dx


= (sin 2 x − cos 2 x)dx = − (cos 2 x − sin 2 x)dx 
f(x)dx
16. (d) = log log sin x
 log sin x

Differentiating both sides, we get

f(x) = cot x
 f(x) = cot x.
log sin x log sin x
 cos 2 x + 2 sin 2 x 2(cos 2 x + sin 2 x) − 1
17. (c)  cos 2 x
dx =  dx
cos 2 x

=  sec 2
x dx = tan x + c .

18. (c)  sin x + cos x sin x + cos x

1 + sin 2 x
dx =  dx =
(sin x + cos x)2
 dx = x + c .

tan x tan x(sec x − tan x)

19. (b)  (sec x + tan x) dx =  (sec x + tan x)(sec x − tan x) dx
20. (a)  dx dx
=
x + x log x x(1 + log x)

1
Now putting 1 + log x = t  dx = dt,
x
21. (b) dx = ex dt −1
dx = =
 e +ex −x  e 2x + 1  2
t+1
tan (t)

= tan −1 (e x ) + c , {Putting e x = t  e x dx = dt}.

22. (c) Put x e + e x = t  e(x e−1

+e x −1
)dx = dt,

x e −1 + e x −1 1 dt 1 1 e
+x+.
= = =
 xe+e x
dx
e  t e
log t
e
log(x e)c

23. (a) dx
= e −x
e x −1  1−e −x
dx

e x (x + 1)
24. (a)  cos 2 (xe x ) = e
x (x + 1) sec 2 (xe x )dx

Putting xe x = t  (x + 1)e xdx = dt

25. (a) Put a cos 2 x + b sin 2 x = t  2(b − a) sin x cos x = dt,

26. (b) Let log(sec x + tan x) = t  sec x dx = dt

Therefore sec x log(sec x + tan x)dx =  t dt

t2 [log(sec x + tan x)]2
= +c= + c.
2 2

27. (c) Put b cos x = t .

e 2x − 1 e x− e −x
28. (b)  e 2x + 1
dx =
 e x+ e −x
dx

Now put e x + e − x = t  (e x − e −x )dx = dt,

1
29. (c) Putting t = tan −1 x  dt = dx ,
1+x2

30. (a) Put a x = t  ax log e adx = dt,

 1 sec 2 x dx
31. (b)  cos 2 x(1 − tan x)2
dx =
 (tan x − 1) 2

Put tan x − 1 = t  sec 2 x dx = dt,

32. (b) Put t = x 2  dt = 2 x dx ,

1
33. (b) Put cos −1 x = t  − dx = dt,
1−x2

(cos x − sin x)(cos x + sin x)

 (cos x + sin x) 
cos 2 x
34. (c) dx = dx
2 (cos x + sin x)2

cos x − sin x
=
 cos x + sin x dx
Put t = sin x + cos x  dt = (cos x − sin x)dx ,
35. (c) PUT tan x = t.

1
36. (b) Put x =t dx = 2dt,
x

37. (c) sin 2 x sin(5 x − 3 x)

 sin 5 x sin 3 x dx =  dx
sin 5 x sin 3 x

sin 5 x cos 3 x − cos 5 x sin 3 x

=
 sin 5 x sin 3 x
dx

1 1
= log sin 3 x − log sin 5 x + c.
3 5

38. (a) Put t = tan x  dt = sec 2 x dx ,

39. (d) Put e x = t  e x dx = dt,

cos x − sin x cos x − sin x

40. (a)  1 + sin 2 x
dx
=  (sin x + cos x)2
dx

Now put sin x + cos x = t, then the required integral is

1
− +c.
sin x + cos x

x3 x3
41. (c)  1 − x8
dx =  1 − (x4 )2

Put x 4 = t  4 x 3dx = dt,

42. (c) Put x = tan   dx = sec 2  d , then

dx sec 2  d cos  d
 =
 (tan 2
 − 1) sec 
=
 (2 sin 2
 − 1)
(x 2 − 1) x 2 + 1

Again put t = sin  dt = cos  d ,

43. (c) Put t = x + log x  dt = 1 + 1  dx ,
 
 x
 2
44. (b) Put x = a(sin )2 / 3  dx = a(sin )−1 / 3 cos  d
3
2
a1/ 2 (sin )1 / 3 a(sin )−1 / 3 cos
x
  a3 − x 3 dx =  3 d
a3 − a3 sin2 
2 cos  d 2  x 3 / 2
= sin−1   +c.
=
3
a 3/2
 a3 / 2 1 − sin2  3 a

1
45. (a) Put log(x + 1 + x 2 ) =t  dx = dt,
1+x2

cos x − sin x cos x − sin x

46. (a) I=  sin 2 x
dx =  (sin x + cos x)2 − 1
dx

Put sin x + cos x = t  (cos x − sin x) dx = dt

47. (a) I= x x (1 + log x) dx .

Put xx=t, then x x (1 + log x)dx = dt


 I = dt  I = t + C I=xx+C.

dx
48. (a) I=
 x x4−1

dt dt
Put x 2 = t  2 x dx = dt  dx = =
2x 2t
dt

1 1
 I= = sec−1 t + k = sec−1 x 2 + k
2t t 2 − 1 2 2
(x − x)1 / 4
4 1  1 1 / 4

49. (a)  x5
dx = x 4 1 −
 x
3 

dx

1 4 4 1 5 / 4
=
3
 t1 / 4dt =
15
t5 / 4 + c = 1 −
15 

x 3
+c

 1  1
50. (a) I=  1  x − x1 dx
1 + 2  e
. Put x− = t  1 + 
dx = dt
 x  x  x 
2

1
x−

I=  e dt = e t t +c=e x
+c.
51. (a)  1
1
dx
3
5 1/4
[(x − 1) (x + 2) ] dx =   x − 1 3 / 4
  (x + 2)2
 x + 2 
 x −1 

1 1 3
= dt , □ =t 2 dx = dt 
 x+2 (x + 2)
3/4
3 t 
 1 / 4  4  x − 1 1 / 4
= 1  t +c =4 3
t 1 / 4 +c =
3 x+2 
+ c.
3  1 /4 
 
 
 x x
,
52. (c) f(x) =
1+x2
I=  f(x) =
 1+x 2
dx

Put 1 + x 2 = t  2 x dx = dt  x dx = dt / 2


1 dt 1 1
I= = log t + c ; I = log(1 + x 2 ) + c .
2 t 2 2

1+x 1+x
53. (c) I=
 1−x
dx =
 dx
1−x2

dx x = sin−1 x − +c.
=  1−x + 2
 1 −dxx 2 1−x2

54. (d) Put sin x + cos x = t  (cos x − sin x )dx = dt

 −(sin x − cos x)dx = dt

55. (b)  log x − 1  2 t


 2  dx . Put log x = t  dx = e dt
1 + (log x) 
 Integral = et  1 − 2t 
dt

1 + t
2 
(1 + t2 )2

56. (b)  sin x dx

=
1

2 sin x
dx
sin x − cos x 2 sin x − cos x

(sin x − cos x + sin x + cos x)


1
= dx
2 sin x − cos x
1  sin x + cos x  1
dx = [x + log(sin x − cos x)] + c .
=

1+
 
2  sin x − cos x 2

x 2dx
57. (b) f(x) =
 (1 + x 2 )1 + 1 + x 2 
 

Let x = tan  , dx = sec 2 d = (1 + x 2 ).d

dx
58. (a) Let  sin(x − a) sin(x − b)
1 sin(x − b) − (x − a)
=
 dx
sin(a − b) sin(x − a)sin(x − b)

1 sin(x − b) cos(x − a) − cos(x − b) sin(x − a)

=

sin(a − b) sin(x − a) sin(x − b)
dx

1
=
sin(a − b) 
cot(x − a)dx − cot(x − b)dx

=
1
log sin(x − a) − log sin(x − b)+ c
sin(a − b)

=
1 sin(x − a)
log +c .
sin(a − b) sin(x − b)
59. (b)  x cos 2 x dx =
1
x(1 + cos 2 x)dx
2

x 2 1  x sin 2x 

sin 2x
= + 2 − +
4 2 dx  c

2 
x 2 x sin 2 x cos 2 x
= + + + c.
4 4 8
−1 x2 −1 1 x2+1−1
x dx = tan dx
60. (a)  x . tan 2 x− 1+x2 
2
1 1
tan −1 x − x + tan −1 x + c
2
x
= 2 2 2
1 1
= tan −1 x .(x 2 + 1) − x+c.
2 2

61. (b)  log x dx = x log x −  x.

1
dx + c = x log x − x + c
x

 (x + 1) log x (x + 1)
log x
62. (a) 2
dx = −2
dx


= log x. − (x + 1)−1  − 1 .{−(x + 1) −1
}dx
x
1 1
= − log x + − log x 1

dx dx
= + −
(x + 1)  x(x + 1) (x + 1) x x + 1 
− log x
= + log x − log(x + 1) .
x+1
 2 + sin 2 x  x  2e x  e x sin 2 x
63. (d)   1 + cos 2 x  e dx =   1+ cos 2 x dx +  1 + cos 2 x dx
  
 

= e x sec 2 x dx + e x tan x dx = e x tan x + c .

 1
64. (b) +  dx = log(log x)dx + dx
 log(log x)   (log x)
1
  2
(log x)2 

x 1
= x log(log x) − dx + dx
 x log x (log x)2

x 1 1
= x log(log x) − − dx + dx

log x (log x)2

 (log x)2

x
= x log(log x) − + c.
log x

65. (d) e 2x (2 cos x − sin x) dx = e 2 x cos x + c

66. (a) Let 

I = cos(log e x)dx 
= cos(log e x).1 dx

x n +1
67. (d)  x n log x dx = log x . −
 x n +1 1
. dx
n +1 n+1 x

68. (b) Let I= e x sin x dx = e x sin x − e x cos x dx + c

 xe x (x + 1 − 1) x
69. (c)  dx =
 e dx
(1 + x)2 (1 + x)2
x 1 1  ex
 dx = +c .
=  e  1 + x− (1 + 2 
1+x

70. (c) 
I = e x (1 + tan x + tan 2 x)dx

 e x (1 + tan x + tan 2 x)dx = e x (tan x + sec 2 x)dx. I = e x tan x + c

71. (d)  e x 1 + x log x  dx = e x  log x + 1  dx = e x log x + c .

   
 x   x

72. (d) sin(log x)dx + cos(log x)dx

  cos(log x)dx + c
x cos(log x)
= x sin(log x) − dx +
x

= x sin(log x) + c.
1 1
73. (c)  e x
−
1
dx = e x + c
 
x x2  x

74. (b)  x1 −− sin x

 1 −dxcos− x  dx 1 − cos x
x sin x
dx =
cos x
1 x
x cosec 2 dx − 2 sin(x / 2) cos( x / 2)
=
2   2

 2 sin 2 (x / 2) dx

x x x

 x cosec  cot  2 dx
1
= 2 dx − = −x cot +c.
   
2 2   2

1
75. (b) I =  cos −1  dx = sec −1 x.1 dx 
x
d 
= sec −1 x dx − sec −1 x dx dx
  dx  

1
= x sec −1 x −
 x. dx x
x 2 −1
−1  1 −1 −1
= x sec x −  x 2 − 1 dx = x sec
x − cosh x+c.

76. (d)  x sin2 x dx =  x . (1 − cos 2x) dx

2
1  x2 x 1
= − = − − + .
2   x dx  x . cos 2 x dx  4 4
sin 2x
8
cos 2x c

e x (x 2 + 1) e (x − 1 + 2)
x 2

77. (a)  (x + 1)2

dx =  (x + 1)2
dx

 x −1 
e 
2
= x + dx = e x [ f(x) + f(x)]dx
 2
 x + 1 (x + 1) 
 1
78. (b)  1 1  dx = dx − 1
− dx
 
 log x

(log x)2   log x  (log x) 2
x 1 x
= + 1 1 dx + c = +c.
−
log x  (log x) 2
. x dx
x  (log x) 2
log x

79. (c) 2x 1 + sin2x  1 sin2x 

dx = e2x +
 
e dx
1 +cos2x  1+cos2x 1 +cos2x 
 

 2 
e2 x  sec x + tan x  dx
=
  2 

e e
1
= 2x sec 2 x dx + 2x tan x dx
2
(x + 3)e x (x + 4 − 1)e x dx
80. (c) I=
 (x + 4)2
dx =
(x + 4) 2

 1 − 1 
e x + 4 (x + 4)2 dx
x
I=
 

81. (a) Put t = sin−1 x  sin t = x  cos t dt = dx ,

82. (c) I = e x  1 + sin x  dx = e x 1 + 2 sin(x / 2)cos( x / 2)  
  1 + cos x   2 cos 2 (x / 2) dx
   

1 
I=
 ex
2
sec 2(x / 2) + tan( x / 2) dx = e x . tan( x / 2) + c


dx
83. (a) Put tan −1
x=t and = dt,
1 + x2

84. (c) I= e x

(1 − cot x + cot 2 x)dx = e x (− cot x + cosec 2 x)dx

= e x (− cot x) + c = −e x cot x + c .

85. (d) Put x = sin  dx = cos d ,

x −1
86. (b)
 (x − 3)(x − 2) dx
x − 3 2
=
 (x − 3)(x − 2) dx +  (x − dx3)(x − 2)
(x − 2)(x − 3)2  + c = log(x − 3)2+ c.
= log
 (x − 2)
 (x − 2)2   
 
87. (c) dx
=
1 dx
−
dx 
 (x 2
+ 1)(x 2 + 4) 3   x 2 +1 x 2
+4 


1  −1 1 x 1 1 x
= tan x − tan −1 + c = tan −1 x − tan−1 + c .
3  2 2  3 6 2

88. (c) Put sin x = t  cos x dx = dt,

cos x dt = 
1
dt − 
1
dt = log
t+1
+ c = log
 sin x + 1 
+c.
 (1 + sin x)(2 + sin x) dx =  (t + 1)(t + 2) t+1 t+2 t +2   sin x + 2 
   
  (x
x
89. (c) dx
2 − a 2 )(x 2 − b 2 )
x
 1 dx − x dx  .
=
a −b 
2 2   x 2 − a2 x 2−b2 


90. (d)  cos1x(1d+xc=osx) dx 

− cos x
dx 1 + cos x

 sec x dx − 2 sec
1 x
= 2 dx
2

1 1
91. (d)  dx =

dx
x−x3 x(1 + x)(1 − x)

 2 − 1 + 1  dx
=1
 
1+x 1−x

x

2
 1 1

dx
92. (c)  = − dx
 
(x + 1)(x + 2) x+1 x+2

 e x e x 
93. (b)  ex  x
x
(1 + e )(2 + e )
x dx =  1 + e
− x dx
2 + e 

sec 2 x
 
sec 2 x dx
 1 + cos x
dx =
94. (c) = dx
2
sec 2 x + 1 tan 2 x + 2
dt 1 −1  t 

+c
= t2+2
=
2
tan  2
 
{Putting tan x = t}
1 −1  1 
= tan  tan x  + c .
2  2 
dx dx
95. (d) We have I =  x(x 5 + 1) =  
x 6 1 +
1

 x 5

Put 1 + 1 = t  −5
dx = dt
x5 x6

 I=−1 dt
=−
1
log t + c
5 t 5
1  1  1 x5+1 
I=− log1 + +c= − log   + c
5  x5  x 5 
5 
1x  5

 I = 5 log x++51c . 
 
96. (c) e x dx
=
dt
□ e
x
=  x
= 
e 2x
+ex−2 t 2
+t−2
t e dx dt
1
dt 1 1 − dt
=
=
 (t + 2)(t − 1)  3  t − 1 
t+2 
1
97. (a) dx
 (x 2
+ b )(x + a )
2 2 2

1 
=
1  1 − dx
a2 − b 2   x 2
+b2

x 2 + a2 
 1
98. (a) Put log x = t  dx = dt,
x

99. (b)  dx
=

dx
= sin−1 (x − 1) + c.
2x−x 2 1 − (x − 1)2
 1
 1 1+ dx
x +1 1+   
2 
2
 2 

100. (d)  x 4 +1 dx =   2 x 1  dx =
x + 
  x − 1x + 2 2

 x2   
x 
1  1
Put x− =t 1+ dx = dt,
 
x x 2

101. (a) dx dx

I= =
7 + 5 cos x 1 2
 − tan 2(x / 2) 

7 +  1+5 tan (x / 2)
 

sec 2 (x / 2) dx
=
 7 + 7 tan 2 (x / 2) + 5 − 5 tan 2 (x / 2)
1
sec 2 (x / 2) dx sec 2(x / 2).dx
=
 12 + 2 tan 2 (x / 2)
=  26 + tan 2 (x / 2)

tan = t  s ec 2 dx = dt
x 1 x
Put
2 2 2

102. (a) Resolve In To Partia Fractions

 1
1− 

 2 
103. (d) The given function can be written as   x + 1 x
 2 − 1 dx
 x
1  1
Put x + =t 1− dx = dt, then it reduces to
 
x  x2
dt 1 t−1
= log +c
 t −1 2
2 t+1

104. (b)  dx
cos(x − a)cos(x − b)

1 sin(x − b) − (x − a)
=  dx
sin(a − b) cos( x − a). cos( x − b)

1  sin(x − b) sin(x − a) 
= sin(a − b) cos(x− − b) cos(x − a) dx

 
cos(x − a)
= cosec (a − b) log +c.
cos(x − b)

sin8 x − cos 8 x
105. (b)  dx
1 − 2 sin 2 x cos 2 x

(sin4 x + cos 4 x)(sin4 x − cos 4 x)

=
 (sin2 x + cos 2 x)2 − 2 sin 2 x cos 2 x
dx
 =  (sin 4
x − cos 4 x) dx

=  (sin 2
x + cos 2 x)(sin2 x − cos 2 x) dx

sin 2 x
=  (sin 2
x − cos 2 x) dx =  − cos 2 x dx = − 2
+ c.

106. (a) Put x = 3 sin  dx = 3 cos d , therefore

x2 9 sin 2 
 (9 − x 2 )3 / 2
dx =
 (9 − 9 sin 2  )3 / 2 . 3 cos 
d

27 sin 2  cos
= d = tan 2  d = (sec 2  − 1)d

 27 cos 3   

107. (c) dx
=
sec 2 x dx
=
1 sec 2 x dx
 4 sin 2
x + 5 cos 2 x  4 tan 2 x + 5 4  tan 2 x+
5
4

Put tan x = t  sec 2 x dx = dt, then it reduces to

1 dt 2 −1  2t 

4   
2 = 4 5 tan
 +c
5 
t 2 +
5
 2 

a−x
108. (a) I=  x
dx .

Put x = a sin 2   dx = 2a sin  cos  d , then

cos 2
I=  sin2 
. 2a sin  cos  d


= a 2 cos 2  d = a (1 + cos 2 )d 

x x a−x +c.
= a sin −1 + . 
 a a a 


109. (c) x2+1 dx =  x12 

1+ 
x

4 −x2+1 1
x + −1
2

x2
1 dt
1+

= 
2
1 x2
dx =
t 2 +1
= tan −1 t + c

x −  + 1
 x
110. (b)  x − 1 e x dx =
3
e x (x + 1) − 2  dx

(x + 1)   (x + (x + 3

= e x 1 − 2  dx = e x +c.

2

 (x + (x + 3  (x + 1)
111. (a) Standard Problem
1 − x2 x.(1 − x 2 ) x3
112. (a)   
x
x
1 + x2
dx =
1−x4
dx =  1−x4
dx −
1−x4
dx

1
= [sin−1 (x 2 ) + 1−x4]+c.
2

4e x + 6e − x dx = 4 9e 2 x dx
113. (d) I =  
dx
+6
 9e 2 x − 4 e − x
dx 1
9
1
9e 2 x − 4
1
9e 2 x − 4
 = log(9e 2 x − 4) − log 3 − x + const.
 9e 2 x
−4 8 4 4

35 3 3
I= log(9e 2 x − 4) − x − log 3 + const.
36 2 2

Comparing with the given integral, we get

3 35 3
A=− , B= , C=− log 3 + const.
2 36 2

114. (a) Let (x 2 − a2 ) = t  x2−a2=t2 x2=a2+t2

 xdx = tdt

(x 2 − a 2 ) (x 2 − a 2 ) x
  dx =  dx
x x2
t 2

t
tdt = dt
I= a +t 2 2 a 2
+t 2

  2 1
a2 −1  t 
 I =  1 −  dt = t − a
2
tan  
  a
 a +t2  a
2 − a2 ) 
 (x 

 I= (x − a ) − a tan
2 2 −1
.
 
 a 
 

115. (a) 
In = (log x)n dx . ... (i)


 In−1 = (log x)n−1 dx . ... (ii)

 (log x) . dx = (log x) 
1
Now, I= n n
x − n (log x)n−1 x dx
n
x

= x(log x)n − n (log x)n−1 dx 

In = x(log x )n − nIn −1 ;  In + n In−1 = x(log x )n .

  sin
dx sin x dx
116. (a) I= =
sin x(1 + 2 cos x) 2 x(1 + 2 cos x)

sin x dx
=
 (1 − cos x)(1 + cos x)(1 + 2 cos x)
 Now differential coefficient of cos x is − sin x which is given in numerator and hence we
make the substitution cos x = t  − sin x dx = dt

1
117. (a) Let sec 2 x = t, then sec 2 x tan 2 x dx = dt
2

 1 (t 2 − 1) dt =
1
t3−
1
t+c=
1 1
sec 3 2 x − sec 2 x + c .
2 6 2 6 2

t−a dt
118. (d) Put a + bx = t  x = and dx =
b b
 t −a 2
1 dt
 I=
 
b

 t b
2

119. (c) Differentiation of x sin x + cos x is x cos x, then

x 2dx x cos x x
I=  (x sin x + cos x)  (x sin x + cos x)
2
=
2
.
cos x
dx
 1 1
Integrate by parts dt = −


 t 2
t 

−1 x
I= .
(x sin x + cos x) cos x
+ 1 cos x .1 − x(− sin x)
 (x sin x + cos x) . cos 2 x
dx

1

x
=− . + sec 2 x dx
x sin x + cos x cos x
1 + sin x
=− .
x
cos x
x sin x + cos x cos x

− x + x sin 2 x + sin x cos x

=
(x sin x + cos x)cos x

sin x cos x − x(1 − sin 2 x) sin x − x cos x

= = .
(x sin x + cos x)cos x x sin x + cos x

120. (b)  dx =  dx x+a−x+b

x+a+ x+b (x + a) − (x + b)

 (x + a)  (x + b)
1 1
= 1/ 2 dx − 1/2 dx
(a − b) (a − b)

2
= [(x + a)3 / 2 − (x + b)3 / 2 ] + c.
3(a − b)